CN117285885A - 一种屋面防水隔热卷材及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种屋面防水隔热卷材及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117285885A CN117285885A CN202311547561.9A CN202311547561A CN117285885A CN 117285885 A CN117285885 A CN 117285885A CN 202311547561 A CN202311547561 A CN 202311547561A CN 117285885 A CN117285885 A CN 117285885A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hydroxyl
- waterproof
- polyurethane
- polyether polyol
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous cyanic acid Natural products OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- OHRVBDRGLIWLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propyl] dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COP(O)(O)=O OHRVBDRGLIWLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- WFCCDJHNKLUMJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tri-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylsilane Chemical compound C1C=CC(C=C1)[SiH](C1C=CCC=C1)C1C=CCC=C1 WFCCDJHNKLUMJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- YBNBOGKRCOCJHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy-[4-[hydroxy(dimethyl)silyl]phenyl]-dimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(O)C1=CC=C([Si](C)(C)O)C=C1 YBNBOGKRCOCJHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polytetramethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- HDGLPTVARHLGMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound NC1=CC(C(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=CC=C1O HDGLPTVARHLGMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- MSTZGVRUOMBULC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4-[2-(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(N)=CC(C(C=2C=C(N)C(O)=CC=2)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1 MSTZGVRUOMBULC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
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- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- YRXICXUINRGLJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy(dimethyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si](C)O YRXICXUINRGLJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-n,n-dimethylethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCOCCN(C)C GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDVAIHNNWWJFJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OCC)C1C CDVAIHNNWWJFJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
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- PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
- E04D5/10—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form by making use of compounded or laminated materials, e.g. metal foils or plastic films coated with bitumen
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
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- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/3882—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus having phosphorus bound to oxygen only
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/4825—Polyethers containing two hydroxy groups
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
- C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
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- C08G18/7621—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring being toluene diisocyanate including isomer mixtures
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- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种屋面防水隔热卷材及其制备方法,屋面防水隔热卷材包括顺次连接的胎基层、隔热层、防水层、粘结层、隔膜层;其中,隔热层为发泡聚氨酯;发泡聚氨酯所采用的主料包括:聚醚多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、含羟基阻燃物;其中,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:(1.5‑3.5),聚醚多元醇与含羟基阻燃物的质量比为10:(1‑4);聚醚多元醇的羟值为26.5‑117 mgKOH/g,聚醚多元醇的重均分子量为2000‑4000,主料中异氰酸根与羟基的比例为(1.05‑1.25):1。该屋面防水隔热卷材具有优异的阻燃性能和防水性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及了一种防水隔热材料,具体的说,涉及了一种屋面防水隔热卷材及其制备方法。
背景技术
将沥青类或高分子类防水材料浸渍在胎体上,制作成的防水材料产品,以卷材形式提供,称为防水卷材。根据主要组成材料不同,分为沥青防水卷材、高聚物改性沥青防水卷材和合成高分子防水卷材;根据胎体的不同分为无胎体卷材、纸胎卷材、玻璃纤维胎卷材、玻璃布胎卷材和聚乙烯胎卷材。
防水卷材主要用于建筑墙体、屋面、隧道、公路、垃圾填埋场等场所。它是一种柔性建筑材料产品,可以卷成卷,以抵抗外部雨水和地下水的泄漏。作为工程基础与建筑物之间的无渗漏连接,它是整个工程防水的第一道屏障,在整个工程中起着至关重要的作用。防水卷材要求有良好的耐水性,对温度变化的稳定性(高温下不流淌、不起泡、不淆动;低温下不脆裂),一定的机械强度、延伸性和抗断裂性,要有一定的柔韧性和抗老化性等。
随着生活水平的提高,人们对居住舒适度的要求也日渐增加,于是,在防水的基础上具备隔热性能成为人们对防水卷材新的要求。目前,为了提高隔热保温性能,人们也试图将发泡材料与防水卷材相结合。例如:中国专利CN114456433A公开的一种高硬度热塑性聚氨酯发泡卷材及其半连续制备方法,将发泡聚氨酯用于卷材,中国专利CN1584248A公开的一种防水保温发泡卷材及其制造方法,采用聚烯烃发泡材料用于卷材等。但是,聚烯烃发泡材料与聚氨酯发泡材料的氧指数均比较低,防水性能也比较差。
为了解决以上存在的问题,人们一直在寻求一种理想的技术解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,从而提供一种屋面防水隔热卷材及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种屋面防水隔热卷材,包括顺次连接的胎基层、隔热层、防水层、粘结层、隔膜层;其中,隔热层为发泡聚氨酯,胎基层的厚度为≤1.5mm;隔热层的厚度为5-60 mm;
发泡聚氨酯所采用的主料包括:聚醚多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、含羟基阻燃物;其中,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:(1.5-3.5),聚醚多元醇与含羟基阻燃物的质量比为10:(1-4);聚醚多元醇的羟值为26.5-117mgKOH/g,聚醚多元醇的重均分子量为2000-4000,主料中异氰酸根与羟基的比例为(1.05-1.25):1;
发泡聚氨酯所采用的辅料包括:扩链剂和催化剂;其中,扩链剂的用量为主料的2%-10%,催化剂的用量为主料的0.1%-0.8%。
具体的,胎基层可以采用常规的胎基布,例如:聚酯胎基、聚烯烃胎基、玻纤胎基等;防水层可以采用常规的防水材料,例如:乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚烯烃、聚酯、聚氨酯等防水材料;粘结层可以采用常规的粘结剂,例如:沥青、聚氨酯防水粘结剂等;隔膜层可以采用涂有硅油的隔离膜。
含羟基阻燃物包括季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯,季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯的质量比为(1-3):(1-3):(1-3),其中,季戊四醇磷酸酯的结构式如式Ⅰ所示,2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷的结构式如式Ⅱ所示;1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯的结构式如式Ⅲ所示:
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式Ⅰ 式Ⅱ
式Ⅲ。
扩链剂为乙二醇、甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、二乙氨基乙醇中的一种或至少两种的混合。
催化剂包括有机金属催化剂、氢氧化物催化剂、胺类催化剂、酸性催化剂中的一种或至少两种的混合。
其中,所述有机金属催化剂可以为二丁基锡二月桂酸酯、辛酸亚锡、乙酰丙酮铁等;氢氧化物催化剂可以为氢氧化钠;胺类催化剂可以为N,N-二甲基环己胺、双(2-二甲氨基乙基)醚、三乙醇胺、三乙胺等;酸性催化剂可以为磷酸、苯甲酰氯等。
聚醚多元醇为聚丁二醇,其结构式如式Ⅴ所示,
式Ⅴ。
发泡聚氨酯所采用的辅料还包括:三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷,用量为主料的3%-7%,其结构式如式Ⅵ所示,
式Ⅵ。
一种所述屋面防水隔热卷材的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1) 将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯混合并熔化,得到异氰酸酯混合料;
(2) 先将含羟基阻燃物进行球磨混合均匀,球磨过程采用惰性气体作为保护气;然后,在真空条件下,将催化剂、扩链剂、含羟基阻燃物和聚醚多元醇混合,加热至100-150℃,通入氮气脱水直至水分含量低于600ppm,加入异氰酸酯混合料,所得物料和三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷注入双螺杆反应器中反应,经挤出、压延,制得厚度为1.5-25mm的热塑性聚氨酯片材;
(3) 将热塑性聚氨酯片材置入高压流体中浸渍,然后进行低温锁气、低温存储、加热发泡工序,冷却,得到聚氨酯发泡片材;
(4) 先利用γ射线对聚氨酯发泡片材进行辐照交联,然后将聚氨酯发泡片材的一面与胎基片材进行复合,聚氨酯发泡片材的另一面涂覆防水层,然后在防水层上涂覆粘结层,最后在粘结层上覆盖隔膜层,得到屋面防水隔热卷材。
步骤(2)中,球磨转速为200-300r/min,球料比为(5-10):1,球磨温度2-8℃。
步骤(3)中,高压流体为CO2流体或N2流体,高压流体的压力为30-50Mpa、温度为80-100℃、浸渍时间为30-120 min,低温储存和低温锁气的温度为-5-0℃,低温储存时间为30-120 min,加热发泡的升温速率为1-2℃/min,升温至60-80℃,保温15-100 s。
步骤(4)中,辐照剂量为30-100 kGy,辐照剂量率为3-6 kGy/ min。
本发明相对现有技术具有突出的实质性特点和显著进步,具体的说,本发明提供的屋面防水隔热卷材,通过胎基层、隔热层、防水层等结构设计,避免水分进入隔热层,卷材0.3MPa30min不透水,另外隔热层采用发泡聚氨酯,其中,添加羟基阻燃物参与聚氨酯的合成,不仅隔热保温效果优异,也提高了发泡聚氨酯的阻燃能力,阻燃等级达到V-0,卷材也具备优异的机械性能,拉伸强度达到27 MPa、断裂伸长率达到15%。同时,本发明还提供了该卷材的制备方法,先采用球磨工艺对季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯进行活化,然后将其与聚醚多元醇混合,以便后续进行聚氨酯合成反应;然后对热塑性聚氨酯片材进行发泡,升温速率为1-2℃/min,以形成微小的闭孔结构;发泡后进行辐照交联,以提高聚氨酯的机械性能和自身的耐水性;而添加的三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷不仅有利于提高阻燃性能,也有利于提高辐照交联的交联度,采用高分子量的聚丁二醇以促进交联,采用非1,4-丁二醇扩链剂以避免辐照造成降解。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式,对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
一种屋面防水隔热卷材,包括顺次连接的胎基层、隔热层、防水层、粘结层、隔膜层;其中,隔热层为发泡聚氨酯,胎基层和防水层的厚度均为1.0mm;隔热层的厚度为10 mm。
本实施例中,胎基层和防水层均采用聚酯材料;粘结层采用聚氨酯防水粘结剂;隔膜层可以采用涂有硅油的隔离膜。
发泡聚氨酯所采用的主料包括:聚醚多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯(80/20)、含羟基阻燃物;其中,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:2,聚醚多元醇与含羟基阻燃物的质量比为10:2.5;聚醚多元醇的羟值为54.7-57.5mgKOH/g,聚醚多元醇的重均分子量为2000,主料中异氰酸根与羟基的比例为1.10:1;发泡聚氨酯所采用的辅料包括:三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷、扩链剂和催化剂;其中,扩链剂的用量为主料的3%,催化剂的用量为主料的0.15%;三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷的用量为主料的5%。
聚醚多元醇为聚丁二醇,酸值不大于0.05 mgKOH/g,过氧化物含量不大于5 wtppt,离子数不大于1 wt ppm,粘度(cps.40℃)为1300;催化剂为辛酸亚锡;扩链剂为乙二醇。
含羟基阻燃物包括季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯,季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯的质量比为2:3:1。
本发明还提供一种所述屋面防水隔热卷材的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1) 将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯混合并熔化,得到异氰酸酯混合料;
(2) 先将含羟基阻燃物进行球磨1h混合均匀,球磨转速为200-300r/min,球料比为10:1,球磨温度2-8℃,球磨过程采用惰性气体氮气作为保护气;然后,在真空条件下,将催化剂、扩链剂、含羟基阻燃物和聚醚多元醇混合,加热至100-150℃,脱水直至水分含量低于600ppm,通入氮气,降温,然后加入异氰酸酯混合料,所得物料和三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷注入双螺杆反应器中反应,经挤出、压延,制得厚度为3.5mm的热塑性聚氨酯片材;
(3) 将热塑性聚氨酯片材置入高压流体中浸渍,然后进行低温锁气、低温存储、加热发泡工序,冷却,得到聚氨酯发泡片材;高压流体为CO2流体,高压流体的压力为40 Mpa、温度为80-100℃、浸渍时间为60 min,低温储存和低温锁气的温度为-5-0℃,低温储存时间为60 min,加热发泡的升温速率为1℃/min,升温至60℃,保温30 s;
(4) 先利用γ射线对聚氨酯发泡片材进行辐照交联,辐照剂量为100 kGy,辐照剂量率为5 kGy/ min,然后将聚氨酯发泡片材的一面与胎基片材采用热熔工艺进行复合,聚氨酯发泡片材的另一面复合防水层,然后在防水层上涂覆粘结层,最后在粘结层上覆盖隔膜层,得到屋面防水隔热卷材。
性能检测
本实施例得到的屋面防水隔热卷材参考GB18173.1-2012测试拉伸强度27 MPa、0.3MPa30min不透水、断裂伸长率15%; 按照UL-94测得阻燃等级V-0。TCMPL-1导热系数测试仪测得卷材的导热系数为0.025W/m.K。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1具有以下区别:隔热层的厚度为9 mm
发泡聚氨酯所采用的主料包括:聚醚多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、含羟基阻燃物;其中,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:1.8,聚醚多元醇与含羟基阻燃物的质量比为10:2;聚醚多元醇的羟值为36.8-38.0 mgKOH/g,聚醚多元醇的重均分子量为3000,主料中异氰酸根与羟基的比例为1.15:1;发泡聚氨酯所采用的辅料包括:三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷、扩链剂和催化剂;其中,扩链剂的用量为主料的0.25%,催化剂的用量为主料的0.15%;三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷的用量为主料的5%。
聚醚多元醇为聚丁二醇,酸值不大于0.05 mgKOH/g,过氧化物含量不大于5 wtppt,离子数不大于1 wt ppm,粘度(cps.40℃)为1340;催化剂二丁基锡二月桂酸酯;扩链剂为甘油。
含羟基阻燃物包括季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯,季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯的质量比为3:2:1。
本发明还提供一种所述屋面防水隔热卷材的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1) 将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯混合并熔化,得到异氰酸酯混合料;
(2) 先将含羟基阻燃物进行球磨1.5h混合均匀,球磨转速为200-300r/min,球料比为5:1,球磨温度2-8℃,球磨过程采用惰性气体氮气作为保护气;然后,在真空条件下,将催化剂、扩链剂、含羟基阻燃物和聚醚多元醇混合,加热至100-150℃,脱水直至水分含量低于600ppm,通入氮气,降温,然后加入异氰酸酯混合料,所得物料和三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷注入双螺杆反应器中反应,经挤出、压延,制得厚度为3 mm的热塑性聚氨酯片材;
(3) 将热塑性聚氨酯片材置入高压流体中浸渍,然后进行低温锁气、低温存储、加热发泡工序,冷却,得到聚氨酯发泡片材;高压流体为CO2流体,高压流体的压力为40 Mpa、温度为80-100℃、浸渍时间为90 min,低温储存和低温锁气的温度为-5-0℃,低温储存时间为30 min,加热发泡的升温速率为1℃/min,升温至60℃,保温30 s;
(4) 先利用γ射线对聚氨酯发泡片材进行辐照交联,辐照剂量为90 kGy,辐照剂量率为5 kGy/ min,然后将聚氨酯发泡片材的一面与胎基片材进行复合,聚氨酯发泡片材的另一面涂覆防水层,然后在防水层上涂覆粘结层,最后在粘结层上覆盖隔膜层,得到屋面防水隔热卷材。
性能检测
本实施例得到的屋面防水隔热卷材参考GB18173.1-2012测试拉伸强度25 MPa、0.3MPa30min不透水、断裂伸长率16%; 按照UL-94测得阻燃等级V-0。TCMPL-1导热系数测试仪测得卷材的导热系数为0.022W/m.K。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1具有以下区别:隔热层的厚度为12 mm
发泡聚氨酯所采用的主料包括:聚醚多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、含羟基阻燃物;其中,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:2.2,聚醚多元醇与含羟基阻燃物的质量比为10:2.5;聚醚多元醇的羟值为54.7-57.5 mgKOH/g,聚醚多元醇的重均分子量为2000,主料中异氰酸根与羟基的比例为1.10:1;发泡聚氨酯所采用的辅料包括:三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷、扩链剂和催化剂;其中,扩链剂的用量为主料的2.8%,催化剂的用量为主料的0.15%;三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷的用量为主料的5%。
聚醚多元醇为聚丁二醇,酸值不大于0.05 mgKOH/g,过氧化物含量不大于5 wtppt,离子数不大于1 wt ppm,粘度(cps.40℃)为1300;催化剂为二丁基锡二月桂酸酯;扩链剂为甘油。
含羟基阻燃物包括季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯,季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯的质量比为2:3:1。
本发明还提供一种所述屋面防水隔热卷材的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1) 将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯混合并熔化,得到异氰酸酯混合料;
(2) 先将含羟基阻燃物进行球磨1.5h混合均匀,球磨转速为200-300r/min,球料比为7:1,球磨温度2-8℃,球磨过程采用惰性气体氮气作为保护气;然后,在真空条件下,将催化剂、扩链剂、含羟基阻燃物和聚醚多元醇混合,加热至100-150℃,脱水直至水分含量低于600ppm,通入氮气,降温,然后加入异氰酸酯混合料,所得物料和三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷注入双螺杆反应器中反应,经挤出、压延,制得厚度为5 mm的热塑性聚氨酯片材;
(3) 将热塑性聚氨酯片材置入高压流体中浸渍,然后进行低温锁气、低温存储、加热发泡工序,冷却,得到聚氨酯发泡片材;高压流体为CO2流体,高压流体的压力为40 Mpa、温度为80-100℃、浸渍时间为120 min,低温储存和低温锁气的温度为-5-0℃,低温储存时间为30 min,加热发泡的升温速率为1℃/min,升温至60℃,保温40 s;
(4) 先利用γ射线对聚氨酯发泡片材进行辐照交联,辐照剂量为100 kGy,辐照剂量率为5 kGy/ min,然后将聚氨酯发泡片材的一面与胎基片材进行复合,聚氨酯发泡片材的另一面涂覆防水层,然后在防水层上涂覆粘结层,最后在粘结层上覆盖隔膜层,得到屋面防水隔热卷材。
性能检测
本实施例得到的屋面防水隔热卷材参考GB18173.1-2012测试拉伸强度28 MPa、0.3MPa30min不透水、断裂伸长率14%; 按照UL-94测得阻燃等级V-0。TCMPL-1导热系数测试仪测得卷材的导热系数为0.030W/m.K。
对比例1
对比例提供一种发泡聚氨酯,与实施例1基本相同,区别在于:未添加三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷。具体方案如下:
发泡聚氨酯所采用的主料包括:聚醚多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯(80/20)、含羟基阻燃物;其中,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:2,聚醚多元醇与含羟基阻燃物的质量比为10:2.5;聚醚多元醇的羟值为54.7-57.5mgKOH/g,聚醚多元醇的重均分子量为2000,主料中异氰酸根与羟基的比例为1.10:1;发泡聚氨酯所采用的辅料包括:扩链剂和催化剂;其中,扩链剂的用量为主料的3%,催化剂的用量为主料的0.15%。
聚醚多元醇为聚丁二醇,酸值不大于0.05 mgKOH/g,过氧化物含量不大于5 wtppt,离子数不大于1 wt ppm,粘度(cps.40℃)为1300;催化剂为辛酸亚锡;扩链剂为乙二醇。
含羟基阻燃物包括季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯,季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯的质量比为2:3:1。
本发明还提供一种所述屋面防水隔热卷材的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1) 将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯混合并熔化,得到异氰酸酯混合料;
(2) 先将含羟基阻燃物进行球磨1h混合均匀,球磨转速为200-300r/min,球料比为10:1,球磨温度2-8℃,球磨过程采用惰性气体氮气作为保护气;然后,在真空条件下,将催化剂、扩链剂、含羟基阻燃物和聚醚多元醇混合,加热至100-150℃,脱水直至水分含量低于600ppm,通入氮气,降温,然后加入异氰酸酯混合料,所得物料和三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷注入双螺杆反应器中反应,经挤出、压延,制得厚度为3.5mm的热塑性聚氨酯片材;
(3) 将热塑性聚氨酯片材置入高压流体中浸渍,然后进行低温锁气、低温存储、加热发泡工序,冷却,得到聚氨酯发泡片材;高压流体为CO2流体,高压流体的压力为40 Mpa、温度为80-100℃、浸渍时间为60 min,低温储存和低温锁气的温度为-5-0℃,低温储存时间为60 min,加热发泡的升温速率为1℃/min,升温至60℃,保温30 s;
(4) 利用γ射线对聚氨酯发泡片材进行辐照交联,辐照剂量为100 kGy,辐照剂量率为5 kGy/ min,得到聚氨酯发泡材料。
对比例2
对比例提供一种发泡聚氨酯,与实施例1基本相同,区别在于:未添加三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷,扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇。具体方案如下:
发泡聚氨酯所采用的主料包括:聚醚多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯(80/20)、含羟基阻燃物;其中,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:2,聚醚多元醇与含羟基阻燃物的质量比为10:2.5;聚醚多元醇的羟值为54.7-57.5mgKOH/g,聚醚多元醇的重均分子量为2000,主料中异氰酸根与羟基的比例为1.10:1;发泡聚氨酯所采用的辅料包括:扩链剂和催化剂;其中,扩链剂的用量为主料的3%,催化剂的用量为主料的0.15%。
聚醚多元醇为聚丁二醇,酸值不大于0.05 mgKOH/g,过氧化物含量不大于5 wtppt,离子数不大于1 wt ppm,粘度(cps.40℃)为1300;催化剂为辛酸亚锡;扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇。
含羟基阻燃物包括季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯,季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯的质量比为2:3:1。
本发明还提供一种所述屋面防水隔热卷材的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1) 将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯混合并熔化,得到异氰酸酯混合料;
(2) 先将含羟基阻燃物进行球磨1h混合均匀,球磨转速为200-300r/min,球料比为10:1,球磨温度2-8℃,球磨过程采用惰性气体氮气作为保护气;然后,在真空条件下,将催化剂、扩链剂、含羟基阻燃物和聚醚多元醇混合,加热至100-150℃,脱水直至水分含量低于600ppm,通入氮气,降温,然后加入异氰酸酯混合料,所得物料和三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷注入双螺杆反应器中反应,经挤出、压延,制得厚度为3.5mm的热塑性聚氨酯片材;
(3) 将热塑性聚氨酯片材置入高压流体中浸渍,然后进行低温锁气、低温存储、加热发泡工序,冷却,得到聚氨酯发泡片材;高压流体为CO2流体,高压流体的压力为40 Mpa、温度为80-100℃、浸渍时间为60 min,低温储存和低温锁气的温度为-5-0℃,低温储存时间为60 min,加热发泡的升温速率为1℃/min,升温至60℃,保温30 s;
(4) 先利用γ射线对聚氨酯发泡片材进行辐照交联,辐照剂量为100 kGy,辐照剂量率为5 kGy/ min,得到聚氨酯发泡材料。
对比例3
对比例提供一种发泡聚氨酯,与实施例1基本相同,区别在于:未添加三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷,扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇,聚醚多元醇的羟值为166-180 mgKOH/g、重均分子量为650。具体方案如下:
发泡聚氨酯所采用的主料包括:聚醚多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯(80/20)、含羟基阻燃物;其中,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:2,聚醚多元醇与含羟基阻燃物的质量比为10:2.5;聚醚多元醇的羟值为166-180 mgKOH/g,聚醚多元醇的重均分子量为650,主料中异氰酸根与羟基的比例为1.10:1;发泡聚氨酯所采用的辅料包括:扩链剂和催化剂;其中,扩链剂的用量为主料的3%,催化剂的用量为主料的0.15%。
聚醚多元醇为聚丁二醇,酸值不大于0.05 mgKOH/g,过氧化物含量不大于5 wtppt,离子数不大于1 wt ppm,粘度(cps.40℃)为203;催化剂为辛酸亚锡;扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇。
含羟基阻燃物包括季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯,季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯的质量比为2:3:1。
本发明还提供一种所述屋面防水隔热卷材的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1) 将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯混合并熔化,得到异氰酸酯混合料;
(2) 先将含羟基阻燃物进行球磨1h混合均匀,球磨转速为200-300r/min,球料比为10:1,球磨温度2-8℃,球磨过程采用惰性气体氮气作为保护气;然后,在真空条件下,将催化剂、扩链剂、含羟基阻燃物和聚醚多元醇混合,加热至100-150℃,脱水直至水分含量低于600ppm,通入氮气,降温,然后加入异氰酸酯混合料,所得物料和三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷注入双螺杆反应器中反应,经挤出、压延,制得厚度为3.5mm的热塑性聚氨酯片材;
(3) 将热塑性聚氨酯片材置入高压流体中浸渍,然后进行低温锁气、低温存储、加热发泡工序,冷却,得到聚氨酯发泡片材;高压流体为CO2流体,高压流体的压力为40 Mpa、温度为80-100℃、浸渍时间为60 min,低温储存和低温锁气的温度为-5-0℃,低温储存时间为60 min,加热发泡的升温速率为1℃/min,升温至60℃,保温30 s;
(4) 先利用γ射线对聚氨酯发泡片材进行辐照交联,辐照剂量为100 kGy,辐照剂量率为5 kGy/ min,得到聚氨酯发泡材料。
交联度测试方法如下:
从聚氨酯片材中部取试样,称重,质量记作m1,竖向切成厚度为0.1-0.2mm的若干薄片,采用体积比为2:1的DMF和二恶烷作为溶剂,在70-80℃条件下,对试样萃取24h,取出试样,烘干,称重,质量记作m2,交联度= 100%×m2/ m1。实施例1、对比例1-3辐照交联前后交联度数据见下表。
实施例1 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 | |
辐照交联前/% | 0.45 | 0.37 | 0.21 | 0.23 |
辐照交联后/% | 63.39 | 45.63 | 0.15 | 0.11 |
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制;尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换;而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神,其均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的技术方案范围当中。
Claims (10)
1.一种屋面防水隔热卷材,其特征在于:包括顺次连接的胎基层、隔热层、防水层、粘结层、隔膜层;其中,隔热层为发泡聚氨酯,胎基层的厚度为≤1.5mm;隔热层的厚度为5-60mm;
发泡聚氨酯所采用的原料包括主料和辅料,主料包括:聚醚多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、含羟基阻燃物;其中,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:(1.5-3.5),聚醚多元醇与含羟基阻燃物的质量比为10:(1-4);聚醚多元醇的羟值为26.5-117 mgKOH/g,聚醚多元醇的重均分子量为2000-4000,主料中异氰酸根与羟基的比例为(1.05-1.25):1;
发泡聚氨酯所采用的辅料包括:扩链剂和催化剂;其中,扩链剂的用量为主料的2%-10%,催化剂的用量为主料的0.1%-0.8%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的屋面防水隔热卷材,其特征在于:含羟基阻燃物包括季戊四醇磷酸酯、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷和1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯,其中,季戊四醇磷酸酯的结构式如式Ⅰ所示,2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)-六氟丙烷的结构式如式Ⅱ所示;1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯的结构式如式Ⅲ所示:
式I/>式II/>式Ⅲ。
3.根据权利要求1所述的屋面防水隔热卷材,其特征在于:扩链剂为乙二醇、甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、二乙氨基乙醇中的一种或至少两种的混合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的屋面防水隔热卷材,其特征在于:催化剂包括有机金属催化剂、氢氧化物催化剂、胺类催化剂、酸性催化剂中的一种或至少两种的混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的屋面防水隔热卷材,其特征在于:聚醚多元醇为聚丁二醇,其结构式如式Ⅴ所示,
式V。
6.根据权利要求1所述的屋面防水隔热卷材,其特征在于:发泡聚氨酯所采用的辅料还包括:三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷,用量为主料的3%-7%,其结构式如式Ⅵ所示,
式Ⅵ。
7.一种权利要求1-6任一项所述的屋面防水隔热卷材的制备方法,其特征在于,该制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯混合并熔化,得到异氰酸酯混合料;
(2)先将含羟基阻燃物进行球磨混合均匀,球磨过程采用惰性气体作为保护气;然后,在真空条件下,将催化剂、扩链剂、含羟基阻燃物和聚醚多元醇混合,加热至100-150℃,通入氮气脱水直至水分含量低于600ppm,加入异氰酸酯混合料,所得物料和三(环己-2,5-二烯-1-基)硅烷注入双螺杆反应器中反应,经挤出、压延,制得厚度为1.5-25 mm的热塑性聚氨酯片材;
(3)将热塑性聚氨酯片材置入高压流体中浸渍,然后进行低温锁气、低温存储、加热发泡工序,冷却,得到聚氨酯发泡片材;
(4)先利用γ射线对聚氨酯发泡片材进行辐照交联,然后将聚氨酯发泡片材的一面与胎基片材进行复合,聚氨酯发泡片材的另一面涂覆防水层,然后在防水层上涂覆粘结层,最后在粘结层上覆盖隔膜层,得到屋面防水隔热卷材。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,球磨转速为200-300r/min,球料比为(5-10):1,球磨温度2-8℃。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,高压流体为CO2流体或N2流体,高压流体的压力为30-50Mpa、温度为80-100℃、浸渍时间为30-120 min,低温储存和低温锁气的温度为-5-0℃,低温储存时间为30-120 min,加热发泡的升温速率为1-2℃/min,升温至60-80℃,保温15-100 s。
10.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,辐照剂量为30-100 kGy,辐照剂量率为3-6 kGy/ min。
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