CN117264682A - 一种滑车用润滑脂组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种滑车用润滑脂组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
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- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
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- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
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- HGJOFJDIHKHKAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylthiirane Chemical compound CC1(C)CS1 HGJOFJDIHKHKAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
- C10M2201/0876—Boron oxides, acids or salts used as thickening agent
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
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- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Abstract
本发明公开一种滑车用润滑脂组合物及其制备方法，以质量百分数计，基础油70%‑‑‑80%，稠化剂10%‑‑‑20%，酚醛树脂2%‑‑‑4%，增粘剂1%‑‑‑2%，挤压抗磨剂1%‑‑2%，防锈剂1%‑‑‑2%。本发明提供了一种复合锂‑钙皂混合基润滑脂，它采用了高级脂肪酸皂化而生成的锂皂和钙皂，同时又和低分子酸（硼酸）形成的低分子酸锂盐和钙盐共同形成的一种稠化剂，稠化基础油所得的润滑脂，在滴点，剪切安定性，极压抗磨性各项指标上均有很大的提高。加入一定量的改性酚醛树脂，对润滑脂的抗氧化性能，抗磨性能以及滴点的提高有很大的帮助。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于润滑脂技术领域，具体涉及一种滑车用润滑脂组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
滑车，又称滑轮，起重滑车。是一种重要的吊装工具，它结构简单，使用方便，广泛应用在建筑安装作业中，主要用于工厂，矿山，农业，工地，仓库的机器安装，货物起吊等。
因其使用环境比较恶劣，滑车上会带有尘土，泥沙等，又因其长期受到风吹，日晒，雨淋的影响，极易生锈损坏。所以，滑车的日常保养就显得至关重要。
目前，滑车的保养主要靠润滑油进行，但润滑油有其自身的劣势，它极易沾染灰尘杂质，使用中又易滴落，造成环境污染，达不到保养效果，同时，抗磨，防水效果不好，极易造成滑车的损坏，造成不必要的经济损失。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的缺点，本发明制备的润滑脂，工艺简单，性能优良，具有粘附性好，挤压抗磨性强，防锈效果明显等特点，是一种很好的润滑油产品替代品。
本发明提供一种滑车用润滑脂组合物，由以下组分的原料制备而成：以质量百分数计，基础油70%---80%，稠化剂10%---20%，酚醛树脂2%---4%，增粘剂1%---2%，挤压抗磨剂1%--2%，防锈剂1%---2%。
进一步，所述基础油为矿物润滑油或合成润滑油中的一种或两种。
进一步，所述稠化剂为高级脂肪酸、低分子酸、氢氧化锂和氢氧化钙制备得到。
进一步，所述高级脂肪酸为含有C12-25的脂肪酸，所述低分子酸为含有C2-10的羧酸。
进一步，所述高级脂肪酸为硬脂酸、十二羟基硬脂酸或油酸，所述低分子酸为壬二酸、苯甲酸、硼酸或葵二酸。
进一步，所述稠化剂中各组分质量百分比为：十二羟基硬脂酸5%---10%，硼酸2%--3%，氢氧化锂 2%--4%，氢氧化钙 1%--3%。
进一步，所述氢氧化锂，所述氢氧化钙，所述硼酸调制成水溶液使用，其质量比为：氢氧化锂：水=1:3，氢氧化钙：水=1:3，硼酸：水=1:3。
进一步，所述增粘剂为聚异丁烯、天然橡胶或聚甲基丙烯酸酯中的一种或几种；所述挤压抗磨剂为硫化异丁烯、磷酸酯、硫化烯烃或环烷酸鉛中的一种或几种；所述防锈剂为石油磺酸钡、亚硝酸钠、十二烯基丁二酸中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供上述的一种滑车用润滑脂组合物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（一）将2/3---3/4基础油打入反应釜中，加入十二羟基硬脂酸，搅拌升温；
（二）90℃---95℃，缓慢加入氢氧化锂水溶液和氢氧化钙水溶液；
（三）加入硼酸水溶液，搅拌均匀；
（四）100℃---110℃，皂化1--2小时；
（五）130℃---150℃，恒温15---30分钟；
（六）升温至210---220℃，恒温10---20分钟，补入剩余基础油降温；
（七）130℃---150℃，加入酚醛树脂，80℃---100℃，加入增粘剂1%---2%，挤压抗磨剂1%--2%，防锈剂1%---2%，搅拌均匀，脱气，出脂。
有益效果
本方案所得润滑脂相比其他产品，具有以下有益效果：
（一）本发明提供了一种复合锂-钙皂混合基润滑脂，其工艺简单，成本低廉，各项性能指标优良。
（二）本产品提供的复合锂-钙混合基润滑脂，它采用了高级脂肪酸皂化而生成的锂皂和钙皂，同时又和低分子酸（硼酸）形成的低分子酸锂盐和钙盐共同形成的一种稠化剂，稠化基础油所得的润滑脂，在滴点，剪切安定性，极压抗磨性各项指标上均有很大的提高。
（三）本申请中提到的低分子酸起到了改善剂和复合剂的作用，这是其它常见的锂基脂和钙基脂所没有的。
（四）本产品相比其他同类型产品，加入一定量的改性酚醛树脂，是一种高分子化合物，它具有优良对耐热性，耐水性，耐酸碱性和耐磨性，对润滑脂的抗氧化性能，抗磨性能以及滴点的提高有很大的帮助。
（五）本发明中添加有增粘剂，抗磨剂，防锈剂一定程度上优化了产品的性能。。
具体实施方式
结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步解释说明。
实施例（一）
本实施例中基础油选用150BS，增粘剂选用聚异丁烯，抗磨剂选用硫化异丁烯，防锈剂选用石油磺酸钡。
（1）将6000克基础油打人反应釜中，加入1000克十二羟基硬脂酸，搅拌升温。
（2）90℃，缓慢加入400克氢氧化锂（水溶液），250克氢氧化钙（水溶液）。
（3）95℃，加入300克硼酸（水溶液），搅拌均匀。
（4）105℃，皂化1小时。
（5）升温至130℃，恒温30分钟。
（6）升温至210℃，恒温10分钟，补入4000克基础油，降温。
（7）130℃，加入400克酚醛树脂，80℃时，加入150克聚异丁烯，150克硫化异丁烯，150克石油磺酸钡，搅拌均匀，脱气出脂。
实施例（二）
本实施例中基础油选用500SN，增粘剂选用聚异丁烯，抗磨剂选用硫化异丁烯，防锈剂选用石油磺酸钡。
(1)将6500克基础油打入反应釜中，加入1000克十二羟基硬脂酸，搅拌升温。
(2)92℃，缓慢加入420克氢氧化锂（水溶液），240克氢氧化钙（水溶液）。
(3)95℃，加入300克硼酸，搅拌均匀。
(4)105℃，皂化1小时。
(5)升温至130℃，恒温30分钟。
(6)升温至210℃，恒温10分钟，补入剩余3500克基础油，降温。
(7)130℃，加入400克酚醛树脂，80℃，加入150克聚异丁烯，150克硫化异丁烯，150克石油磺酸钡，搅拌均匀，脱气，出脂。
实施例（三）
本实施例中基础油选用聚a-烯烃油，增粘剂选用聚异丁烯，抗磨剂选用硫化异丁烯，防锈剂选用石油磺酸钡。
(1)将6200克基础油打入反应釜中，加入1000克十二羟基硬脂酸，搅拌升温。
(2)90℃，缓慢加入400克氢氧化锂（水溶液），240克氢氧化钙（水溶液）。
(3)95℃，加入300克硼酸，搅拌均匀。
(4)105℃，皂化1.5小时。
(5)升温至130℃，恒温30分钟。
(6)升温至210℃，恒温10分钟，补入剩余3800克基础油，降温。
(7)130℃，加入400克酚醛树脂，80℃，加入150克聚异丁烯，150克硫化异丁烯，150克石油磺酸钡，搅拌均匀，脱气，出脂。
实施例（一）---（三）所得指标如下表所示：
对比分析实施例（一）和实施例（三）所得润滑脂，具有以下优点：
①60次剪切锥入度243---247，表明本润滑脂机械安定性优良，硬度好，使用范围广泛。
②滴点274℃---280℃，表明其高温下稳定性好，具有耐高温性。
③有很好的挤压性能，PB值可达到490N
④有很好的抗磨性能，采用SH/T0202方法测，磨斑低至0.38mm以下
⑤防锈性能好，使用GB/T5018方法测试，轴承无锈
⑥粘附性强，粘附率可达20%以上。
实施例仅是对本发明的进一步阐述，但并不限制本发明，在其原理范围内的改进，完善，均属本发明范畴。
Claims (9)
1.一种滑车用润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，由以下组分的原料制备而成：以质量百分数计，基础油70%---80%，稠化剂10%---20%，酚醛树脂2%---4%，增粘剂1%---2%，挤压抗磨剂1%--2%，防锈剂1%---2%。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种滑车用润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述基础油为矿物润滑油或合成润滑油中的一种或两种。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种滑车用润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述稠化剂为高级脂肪酸、低分子酸、氢氧化锂和氢氧化钙制备得到。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种滑车用润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述高级脂肪酸为含有C12-25的脂肪酸，所述低分子酸为含有C2-10的羧酸。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种滑车用润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述高级脂肪酸为硬脂酸、十二羟基硬脂酸或油酸，所述低分子酸为壬二酸、苯甲酸、硼酸或葵二酸。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种滑车用润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述稠化剂中各组分质量百分比为：十二羟基硬脂酸5%---10%，硼酸 2%--3%，氢氧化锂 2%--4%，氢氧化钙 1%--3%。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种滑车用润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述氢氧化锂，所述氢氧化钙，所述硼酸调制成水溶液使用，其质量比为：氢氧化锂：水=1:3，氢氧化钙：水=1:3，硼酸：水=1:3。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种滑车用润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，所述增粘剂为聚异丁烯、天然橡胶或聚甲基丙烯酸酯中的一种或几种；所述挤压抗磨剂为硫化异丁烯、磷酸酯、硫化烯烃或环烷酸鉛中的一种或几种；所述防锈剂为石油磺酸钡、亚硝酸钠、十二烯基丁二酸中的一种或几种。
9.如权利要求5-8任一所述的一种滑车用润滑脂组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（一）将2/3---3/4基础油打入反应釜中，加入十二羟基硬脂酸，搅拌升温；
（二）90℃---95℃，缓慢加入氢氧化锂水溶液和氢氧化钙水溶液；
（三）加入硼酸水溶液，搅拌均匀；
（四）100℃---110℃，皂化1--2小时；
（五）130℃---150℃，恒温15---30分钟；
（六）升温至210---220℃，恒温10---20分钟，补入剩余基础油降温；
（七）130℃---150℃，加入酚醛树脂，80℃---100℃，加入增粘剂1%---2%，挤压抗磨剂1%--2%，防锈剂1%---2%，搅拌均匀，脱气，出脂。
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