CN117222515A - 纤维强化塑料用焊条和使用纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法 - Google Patents
纤维强化塑料用焊条和使用纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117222515A CN117222515A CN202180097259.0A CN202180097259A CN117222515A CN 117222515 A CN117222515 A CN 117222515A CN 202180097259 A CN202180097259 A CN 202180097259A CN 117222515 A CN117222515 A CN 117222515A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
以提供一种能够进行纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接、而且接头部的接合面为任何形状的接头都能够焊接、能够通过廉价的设备即热风等加温手段熔融、能得到作为塑料产品的焊接强度并且实用的纤维强化塑料用焊条和使用纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法作为课题。通过热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条和使用所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法能够解决这一课题,所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条是填充到热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接接头并能通过热风或热板构件的加热手段熔融的纤维强化塑料用焊条,其中,将纤维与热塑性树脂的混合物形成为条状,将所述纤维的含量在以所述混合物为100重量%时设为1重量%以上~35重量%以下。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及在含有碳纤维、玻璃纤维、硼纤维、芳纶(Aramid)纤维、聚乙烯纤维、改性聚苯醚纤维和纤维素纳米纤维等之中的相同纤维的纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接中所使用的纤维强化塑料用焊条和使用纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法。
背景技术
在含有纤维的塑料的接合法中,一般有对注塑成形或机械加工后的天然树脂或合成树脂的塑料进行的利用紧固等的机械方法、利用橡胶系等粘接剂的粘接法、利用超声波或摩擦等熔接的熔接法,在所述熔接法中,作为热源,有以超声波、高频或激光等产生的波动为热源的方法、以摩擦热等引起的摩擦为热源的方法、或者以利用热风或热板的外部加热为热源的方法。
并且,天然树脂或合成树脂的塑料彼此的焊接一般是使用与所述塑料为相同组成的焊条,在施加适当的按压力使所述焊条的下端抵靠于接头部的接合面的同时,一边以热风作为热源使所述焊条熔融并填充到所述接头部的接合面一边使其行进来进行焊接的。
另一方面,碳纤维、玻璃纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维、聚乙烯纤维、改性聚苯醚纤维或纤维素纳米纤维等的纤维强化塑料构件彼此的固定一般是进行利用粘接法或紧固等的机械固定化,焊接在实务中未被实施。
作为碳纤维强化塑料的焊接,专利文献1中公开了一种纤维强化复合材料的激光焊接方法,其使用波长为532nm至1080nm的固体激光,在向碳纤维强化塑料(CFRP)彼此或碳纤维强化塑料(CFRP)与金属之间的焊接接头的接合部填充焊接填料并对该焊接填料照射激光束使该焊接填料熔融的同时进行激光焊接,其中,所述焊接填料在热塑性树脂、热固性树脂、或者热塑性树脂与热固性树脂的混合物之中的任意一者中,以该焊接材料为100重量%计,含有不足80重量%的强化材料,所述强化材料包含选自强化碳纤维、强化玻璃和晶须的组中的一种以上。
专利文献2中公开了一种缝焊方法,该缝焊方法是使用底漆(Primer)焊接两种聚酰胺塑料的方法,其中,底漆含有由至少一种马来酸酐或马来酸酐衍生物合成的至少一种聚合物。
专利文献3中公开了一种纤维强化塑料的焊接方法,其将纤维强化塑料焊接部中的树脂熔解除去而使加强用纤维分别露出,并向该纤维露出空间填充别的加强用纤维,然后或者在将该纤维彼此焊接后,将熔融树脂注入到所述空间,使其凝固来使纤维强化塑料固定。
专利文献4公开了一种树脂、玻璃纤维强化塑料(GFRP)、碳纤维强化塑料(CFRP)或碳材料的焊接方法,其从设置于喷嘴部的焊接原材料供应管供应第1焊接原材料,并且从气体供应部向内置有陶瓷加热器的热风供应管供应气体来利用所述陶瓷加热器加热所述气体使其成为热风,将所述热风送出到与所述热风供应管连接的热风放出管,并导入到设置于所述喷嘴部且与所述热风放出管连接的热风导入管中,通过利用设置于所述喷嘴部的辊对所述第1焊接原材料从前端部至后端部在长度方向上喷射所述热风来加热、按压所述第1焊接原材料而对其进行软化、烧制,接着,在使所述辊返回到所述第1焊接原材料的前端部后,在所述第1焊接原材料之上以宽度方向一部分相互重叠的方式供应第2焊接原材料,一边通过喷射所述热风使所述第1焊接原材料与所述第2焊接原材料的相互重叠部分熔融,一边利用设置于所述喷嘴部的辊从所述第1焊接原材料与所述第2焊接原材料的相互重叠部分的前端部至后端部在长度方向上施加压力来压接所述第1焊接原材料与所述第2焊接原材料的相互重叠部分而使其一体化,从设置于所述喷嘴部的冷却管供应冷却风来冷却所述第1焊接原材料与所述第2焊接原材料的相互重叠部分。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利第5523260号公报
专利文献2:特表2018-535850号公报
专利文献3:特公昭51-1266号公报
专利文献4:日本专利第5883235号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
专利文献1的发明是对焊接填料照射激光束而使其熔融,激光束一般照射至1mm以下的光点,因此,如专利文献1所记载的那样,存在必须通过激光加工做成尺寸精度高的坡口形状、必须使坡口形状成为可嵌合的拉链状的镶嵌接头而不是直线状接头的问题,而且存在激光焊接设备昂贵的问题,存在不实用的问题。
专利文献2的发明如专利文献2的说明书所记载的那样是以缝焊为前提的,因此,无法应用于存在不适合缝焊设备的起伏的接头、或在左右方向上细小曲线连续的接头,使用范围受限,因而存在不实用的问题。
专利文献3的发明是将母材的树脂熔化、填充别的加强纤维、注入熔融树脂的极其繁琐的焊接方法,因此存在不实用的问题。
专利文献4的发明在专利文献4的0034段中记载了焊条使用与被焊接材料同种的材料,在0035段中记载了在碳纤维的情况下,为了焊接这些纤维,必须将温度提高到800~2000℃左右才能焊接。由于作业者很难对加热到2000℃的高温的部位进行焊接作业,因此存在只有适合批量生产的焊接自动化设备才能做到,不适合单个生产中较多的手工焊接的问题。
本发明是鉴于这样的问题而做出的,以提供一种即使是由作业者进行焊接作业也能够进行纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接、而且坡口形状为任何形状的接头都能够焊接、能够通过廉价的设备即热风等加温手段熔融、能得到作为塑料产品的焊接强度的纤维强化塑料用焊条和使用纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法作为课题。
用于解决问题的方案
方案1所述的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条是能通过热风或热板构件的加热手段熔融的纤维强化塑料用焊条,其填充到热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接接头,焊条也与所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件同时熔融,其特征在于,将纤维与热塑性树脂的混合物形成为条状,将所述纤维的含量在以所述混合物为100重量%时设为1重量%以上~35重量%以下。
方案2所述的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的特征在于,在方案1中,所述纤维是碳纤维、玻璃纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维、聚乙烯纤维、改性聚苯醚纤维和纤维素纳米纤维之中的任意一种纤维。
方案3所述的使用纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法是热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接方法,其特征在于,具备:焊条选择步骤,选择含有与作为母材的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的热塑性树脂产生锚固效应的热塑性树脂并将纤维的含量设为1重量%以上~35重量%以下的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条;以及焊接步骤,将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的前端部以适度的按压力抵靠在作为母材的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的接头部的接合面上,通过热风或热板构件的加热手段仅使所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条和所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件分别含有的热塑性树脂熔融,一边用熔融后的热塑性树脂和未熔融的纤维填充所述接头部的接合面,且一边沿着所述接头部将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的前端部按压在所述接头部的接合面上一边进行移动。
发明效果
方案1或2所述的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条起到能够通过热风或热板构件的廉价的加热手段使热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此焊接的效果。另外,起到如下效果:无论坡口形状为起伏状,还是俯视时为直线状、曲线状和凹凸状,任何坡口形状的接头都能够焊接,坡口形状的尺寸精度不需要激光切割,即使是用数控镂铣机(NC router)或通用车床等机械加工的尺寸精度的坡口形状也能够焊接,能够不用昂贵的激光焊接设备,而是用廉价的设备即热风或热板等加温手段使其熔融而进行焊接,能得到作为纤维强化塑料产品的焊接的拉伸强度。因此,本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条起到实用的效果。
通过热风或热板构件的廉价的加热手段,将接头部位处的纤维强化塑料用焊条的前端部的热塑性区域和作为母材的纤维强化塑料构件的热塑性区域一起熔融,因此,得以形成所述母材与所述焊条的混合部,通过混合部中的热塑性树脂与纤维之间的锚固效应能够得到规定的拉伸强度。
方案3所述的使用热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法具有与方案1或2所述的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条所具有的效果相同的效果。因而,作为热塑性纤维强化塑料彼此的焊接方法具有实用的效果。
使用了本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接起到既能够应用于人实施的焊接也能够应用于焊接自动化装置的效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的使用热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法的流程图。
图2是示出焊接方法的实施方式的一个例子的说明图。
具体实施方式
在关于塑料焊接强度的JIS标准中,JIS Z 3831:2002规定了塑料焊接技术检定中的试验方法和判定基准,作为试件的种类,只规定了拉伸屈服应力为50MPa以上的聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯以及高密度聚乙烯这3种。由于没有关于纤维强化塑料焊接的规定,因此表明了一般不进行纤维强化塑料焊接。
另外,例如由碳纤维强化塑料制成的产品在日本首次于1972年用于钓香鱼用的钓竿,1973年用于高尔夫球杆,1975年用于飞机用构件,其采用和用途不断扩大,到目前为止经过了约50年不到,但在JIS标准中没有关于纤维强化塑料焊接的规定。
即使在碳纤维强化塑料产品在市场上开始流通经过了约50年后的今天,也没有规定有关纤维强化塑料焊接的JIS标准,并且作为使碳纤维强化塑料构件彼此固定的方法,一般进行的是利用粘接剂的粘接法、以及利用螺栓等紧固构件的机械方法,但由于一直没有进行焊接,因此,本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条是使热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接在实用上成为可能的划时代的发明。
本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4是填充到作为母材5a、5b的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接接头并能通过热风或热板构件的加热手段(未图示)熔融的纤维强化塑料用焊条4,其中,将纤维与热塑性树脂的混合物形成为条状,将所述纤维的含量在以所述混合物为100重量%时设为1重量%以上~35重量%以下。
本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4在通过对接焊接、T字型角焊或L字型角焊等焊接使作为母材5a、5b的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此固定时,与母材5a、5b一起被熔融而填充到接头部的接合面并被冷却,通过锚固(anchoring)效应使作为母材5a、5b的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此固定。
本发明中的所述锚固效应是指,在含有作为母材5a、5b的所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的纤维的热塑性树脂与含有所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的纤维的热塑性树脂通过相同的加热手段(装置或方法)大致同时熔融并冷却后凝固时,母材5a、母材5b及所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4各自的纤维与母材5a、母材5b及所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4各自的热塑性树脂混杂在一起,成为母材5a与母材5b强力连接的状态。
作为所述锚固效应的产生方式,有如下方式:第一,热塑性树脂进入处于母材5a、5b的接头部的接合面上的细小的凹凸部,从而被牢固地连接的方式;第二,纤维自身有细小的凹凸,热塑性树脂进入该凹凸,从而被牢固地连接的方式;或者,第三,热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的纤维刺入母材5a、5b的接合面而被牢固地连接的方式。
首先,说明作为母材5a、5b的所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件。所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件是纤维与热塑性树脂的混合物,是由热塑性纤维强化塑料制成的部件。所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件例如在热塑性碳纤维强化塑料的情况下,兼具轻量、高强度和高再利用性,作为产品的用途,例如,广泛使用于高尔夫球杆的杆柄、飞机的尾翼、汽车的单壳式车架、风力发电的旋转叶片、辅助套装(assist suit)等。
并且,所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件中含有的纤维是碳纤维、玻璃纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维、聚乙烯纤维、改性聚苯醚纤维和纤维素纳米纤维之中的任意一种纤维或至少一种以上的纤维。
另外,作为使所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件含有碳作为纤维的热塑性碳纤维强化塑料构件的所述碳纤维,除了使用最多的PAN系碳纤维以外,其他还有沥青系碳纤维或人造丝系碳纤维,可以是任何碳纤维。
另外,作为所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件中含有的所述热塑性树脂,有聚酰胺、聚酯、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮、聚碳酸酯、聚烯烃等,只要是热塑性树脂即可,可以是任何热塑性树脂。
作为使作为母材5a、5b的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此固定的接头,有对接接头、T字型角接接头或L字型角接接头等。
接下来,说明所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条。所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条将纤维与热塑性树脂的混合物形成为条状,将所述纤维的含量在以所述混合物为100重量%时设为1重量%以上~35重量%以下。
所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条中含有的所述纤维是碳纤维、玻璃纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维、聚乙烯纤维、改性聚苯醚纤维和纤维素纳米纤维之中的任意一种纤维或至少一种以上的纤维。
另外,关于碳纤维,可以是PAN系碳纤维、沥青系碳纤维或人造丝系碳纤维之中的一种碳纤维,也可以是一种以上的碳纤维。
另外,就与所述母材5a、5b的纤维的种类的关系而言,关于所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的纤维的种类,优选与母材5a、5b所含有的纤维为相同种类的纤维,但即使与母材5a、5b所含有的纤维的种类不同也会产生锚固效应,因此,只要是满足有锚固效应且作为产品在质量上没有问题这一条件的范围的纤维即可,也可以是与母材5a、5b不同的种类的纤维。
作为实验进行了含有碳纤维的所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的焊接,但在含有碳纤维以外的纤维的所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的焊接的情况下,例如在玻璃纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维、聚乙烯纤维、改性聚苯醚纤维和纤维素纳米纤维之中的任意一种纤维的情况下,也能够应用本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4。
所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条中含有的所述热塑性树脂有聚酰胺、聚酯、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮、聚碳酸酯、聚烯烃等,只要是热塑性树脂即可,可以是任何热塑性树脂,但就与所述母材5a、5b的热塑性树脂的种类的关系而言,如果是加温时熔点之差小的热塑性树脂,则通过加温,所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的热塑性树脂与所述母材5a、5b的热塑性树脂会大致同时熔融,因此,母材5a、5b的热塑性树脂的种类与所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的热塑性树脂的种类的组合优选为相同种类的组合,但也可以是不同种类的组合,只要满足能得到锚固效应这一条件即可。
作为母材5a、5b的所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的热塑性树脂的种类与所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4中含有的热塑性树脂的种类为相同种类的情况例如是指,母材5a、5b中含有的热塑性树脂为聚酰胺且热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4中含有的热塑性树脂也为聚酰胺的情况,两者的种类为不同种类的情况例如是指,母材5a、5b中含有的热塑性树脂为聚氯乙烯(熔点为85℃~210℃)而热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4中含有的热塑性树脂为丙烯酸树脂(熔点为160℃)的情况。
另外,所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的纤维与热塑性树脂的混合比例设定为,与作为母材5a、5b的所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件中含有的纤维与热塑性树脂的混合比例无关,而成为能够满足焊接质量的拉伸强度的混合比例。
接下来,说明加热手段。使所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4和作为母材5a、5b的所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件熔融的加热手段是利用热风或热板构件的加热手段。所述加热手段为了使塑料焊接的焊条熔融,无需进行需要昂贵设备的激光束照射,而是将热风或利用热传导的热板作为加热手段,因此能够直接采用一般使用的现有的加热手段。
接下来,说明使用本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4进行了实验时的拉伸强度。为了使用本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4进行拉伸试验,作为代表例,在表1中示出使用含有碳纤维的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4(焊条直径为3mm)将2片宽度为20mm、长度为30mm、板厚为2mm的试件进行了对接焊接时的拉伸速度为50mm/分钟的拉伸试验结果。在表1中平均值表示实施了3次的平均值。在表1中,所使用的所述试件(相当于母材5。)将热塑性碳纤维强化塑料构件的碳纤维的含量以热塑性碳纤维强化塑料构件为100重量%计设为了40重量%。另外,表1中的碳纤维含量是热塑性碳纤维强化塑料用焊条4中的碳纤维含量。
[表1]
焊条的碳纤维含量(重量%) | 拉伸强度(MPa)(平均) |
0 | 焊条比母材先熔融 |
10 | 49.8 |
20 | 42.3 |
30 | 33.1 |
40 | 极小 |
从表1示出了,在碳纤维含量为40重量%的热塑性碳纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接中,在将热塑性碳纤维强化塑料用焊条4的碳纤维的含量设为0重量%时,由于热塑性塑料用焊条比母材的热塑性树脂先熔融,因此发生两者混合的状态的熔融无法顺利进行的现象,在将所述碳纤维的含量设为10重量%时,拉伸强度最大,为49.8MPa,在将所述碳纤维的含量设为20重量%时,拉伸强度稍微下降(相对于10重量%时下降约15%),为42.3MPa,在将所述碳纤维的含量设为30重量%时,拉伸强度进一步下降,为33.1MPa(相对于10重量%时下降约33%),在将所述碳纤维的含量设为与母材相同的40重量%时,拉伸强度进一步下降,变得极小。
另外,在一般实施的不含有纤维的塑料构件彼此的焊接中,一边将焊条的前端部按压在接头部的接合面上,一边使焊条和母材熔融并填充到接头部的接合面。可是,在热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接中,在将热塑性碳纤维强化塑料用焊条的碳纤维含有量设为0重量%、将热塑性树脂含量设为100重量%时,仅因碳纤维的有无的不同,熔融的温度就出现了很大的差异,因此热塑性塑料用焊条比母材过于先熔融而焊接是极其困难的。
另一方面,在一般进行的塑料焊接中,使用包括与母材相同的成分的焊条。当使用与该一般进行的母材相同成分的焊条时,例如,在将母材含有40重量%的碳纤维的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此焊接的情况下,会使用含有40重量%的热塑性碳纤维强化塑料用焊条4。当在该条件下进行焊接并测定了拉伸强度时,由于碳纤维含量过多,因此热塑性树脂的熔融量变少,锚固效应的部分停留在极窄的范围,焊接部因极小的拉伸力而离开了母材。
因而,关于热塑性碳纤维强化塑料用焊条4的碳纤维含量的下限,由于在进行实验时的碳纤维含量为0重量%、10重量%、20重量%和30重量%之中,10重量%时的拉伸强度最大,以及如果在热塑性碳纤维强化塑料用焊条4中即使含有1%的碳纤维,则熔点变高,与母材5的熔融温度的差变小,因此,将热塑性碳纤维强化塑料用焊条4的纤维含量的下限设为1重量%以上。
另外,由于在碳纤维含量为10重量%、20重量%、30重量%和40重量%之中,随着碳纤维含量的增加,拉伸强度下降,30重量%时的拉伸强度与10重量%时相比下降了约33%,以及碳纤维的含量为40重量%时的拉伸强度极小,因此,将热塑性碳纤维强化塑料用焊条的碳纤维的含有量的上限设为35重量%。
在现有的塑料焊接中,在塑料焊接行业中常识性且不成文地实施的是将热塑性塑料的母材的热塑性树脂的种类与焊条的热塑性树脂的种类设为相同。但在本发明中,热塑性碳纤维强化塑料用焊条的热塑性树脂的种类与热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的热塑性树脂的种类也可以设为不同,只要是产生锚固效应的组合即可。
而且,在现有的塑料焊接中,如果将常识性且不成文地实施了将热塑性塑料的母材的热塑性树脂的种类与焊条的热塑性树脂的种类设为相同这一塑料焊接行业的常识适用于纤维强化塑料的焊接,则焊条的纤维含有比例应该使用与母材相同的比例,但在这种情况下,根据实验,从表1可知40重量%时无法进行焊接,因此,在本发明中,关于热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的纤维的含量,是与母材的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的纤维的含量无关地设定焊条的纤维含量。
根据以上,本发明由于不使纤维熔融而使热塑性树脂的部分熔融来产生锚固效应使其固定,因此能够应用于任何种类的纤维。另外,关于所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的纤维的含量,在将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4设为100重量%时,将所述纤维的含量设为1重量%以上~35重量%以下,优选为3重量%以上~30重量%以下。
另外,作为焊接强度,由表1示出了拉伸强度为33.1~49.8MPa。这与JIS Z 3831:2002塑料焊接的焊接部的拉伸试验的合格与否的判定基准所规定的如下拉伸强度相比,能够得到更强的拉伸强度:在焊条的焊条直径为3mm、试件的宽度为20mm、长度为60mm、板厚为5mm的对接焊接的情况下,拉伸速度为50mm/分钟时的拉伸强度在聚氯乙烯板时为30MPa以上、在聚丙烯板时为15MPa以上、在聚乙烯板时为12MPa以上。
另外,作为拉伸强度的比较,在表2中示出对纤维强化塑料构件彼此的固定化中一般进行的利用粘接剂的粘接法的情况下的拉伸剪切力进行了试验的结果。试验材料为热塑性碳纤维强化塑料构件,接头面积为400mm2,试件宽度为20mm、长度为60mm、厚度为1mm,以0.5mm/分钟的拉伸速度使用台式万能试验机来进行。
[表2]
粘接剂 | 拉伸剪切力(MPa) |
环氧树脂 | 3.48 |
丙烯酸树脂 | 3.95 |
由表2启示了,拉伸力与拉伸剪切力是不同性质的力,因此不能单纯地进行比较,但是从粘接面积与焊接面积的大小的比较来看,使用了本发明的热塑性碳纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接具有足够的拉伸强度。
在热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的固定化中使用本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4进行焊接由于是加热至所使用的热塑性树脂的熔点而使两方的热塑性树脂熔融,由不熔融的纤维与熔融后的热塑性树脂产生锚固效应使其固定,因此表明了能够不拘泥于纤维的种类而进行焊接。
本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条针对热塑性碳纤维强化塑料、热塑性玻璃纤维强化塑料、热塑性硼纤维强化塑料、热塑性芳纶纤维强化塑料、热塑性聚乙烯纤维强化塑料、热塑性改性聚苯醚纤维强化塑料、或热塑性纤维素纳米纤维强化塑料的各构件彼此的焊接,通过将所含有的纤维的种类从碳纤维、玻璃纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维、聚乙烯纤维、改性聚苯醚纤维或纤维素纳米纤维中选择至少一种以上,也能够进行焊接。
如图1或图2所示,使用本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法1是热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接方法1,具备:焊条选择步骤2,选择含有与作为母材5a、5b的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的热塑性树脂产生锚固效应的热塑性树脂并将纤维的含量设为1重量%以上~35重量%以下的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4;以及焊接步骤3,将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的前端部以适度的按压力抵靠在作为母材5a、5b的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的接头部的接合面上,通过热风或热板构件的加热手段(未图示)仅使所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4和所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件5a、5b分别含有的热塑性树脂熔融,一边用熔融后的热塑性树脂和未熔融的纤维填充所述接头部的接合面,且一边沿着所述接头部将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的前端部按压在所述接头部的接合面上一边进行移动。
在所述焊条选择步骤2中,选择含有与作为母材5a、5b的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的热塑性树脂的种类产生锚固效应的种类的热塑性树脂并将任意种类的纤维的含量设为1重量%以上~35重量%以下的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4。
本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4是填充到作为母材5a、5b的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接接头并能通过热风或热板构件的加热手段熔融的纤维强化塑料用焊条4,且是将纤维与热塑性树脂的混合物形成为条状的焊条4。并且,纤维的含有比例为1重量%以上~35重量%以下。
另外,所述纤维是碳纤维、玻璃纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维、聚乙烯纤维、改性聚苯醚纤维和纤维素纳米纤维之中的任意一种纤维或至少一种以上的纤维。所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4中含有的纤维的种类优选与母材5a、5b相同的纤维,但也可以是不同种类的纤维,只要是强度等质量满足作为产品的质量标准的纤维即可。
所述热风或热板构件的加热手段只要是能够将热塑性树脂加温成可熔融的加热手段即可,可以是任何加热手段。
关于所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4中含有的热塑性树脂的种类,只要是具有所述锚固效应的热塑性树脂的组合即可,有相同种类的组合的情况和不同种类的组合的情况。
如图2所示,在所述焊接步骤3中,将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的前端部以适度的按压力抵靠在作为母材5a、5b的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的接头部的接合面上,一边通过热风或热板构件的加热手段以仅使所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4和母材5a、5b的所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的热塑性树脂熔融的温度使其熔融来制作熔融部8,一边使熔融后的热塑性树脂和未熔融的纤维填充到所述接头部的接合面,一边沿着所述接头部向箭头方向H移动。在移动的痕迹上形成清晰的焊道9。
将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的前端部以适度的按压力抵靠在作为母材5a、5b的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的接头部的接合面上。如果不与该接头部的接合面抵接而进行熔融,则不会向上述接头部的接合面进行填充,因此容易发生针孔等质量不良。所述适度的按压力只要是一边沿着所述接头部行进一边使述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的前端部持续抵接在所述接头部的接合面上的按压力即可。
另外,使所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条4的前端部的热塑性树脂、以及作为母材5a、5b的所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的接头部的接合面的热塑性树脂例如通过从焊枪6的前端部6a喷射的热风以仅使所述热塑性树脂熔融的温度熔融,使熔融后的热塑性树脂和未熔融的纤维填充到所述接头部的接合面。通过使所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条和作为母材5a、5b的所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的热塑性树脂熔融,从而产生锚固效应,因此得以确保作为焊接强度的拉伸强度。
在使用本发明的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法1中,由于可以将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接设为与现有的不包含纤维的塑料构件彼此的焊接时相同的温度的加温,因此具有既能够由人进行焊接作业、也能够用焊接设备进行焊接作业的效果,还起到如下效果:不需要将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的接头的形状做成可嵌合的拉链状的镶嵌接头,如图2所示,也可以是大致直线状的简单形状的接头。
附图标记说明
1 焊接方法
2 焊条选择步骤
3 焊接步骤
4 焊条
5 母材
6 焊枪
6a 前端部
8 熔融部
9 焊道
H 方向。
Claims (3)
1.一种热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条,是能通过热风或热板构件的加热手段熔融的纤维强化塑料用焊条,其填充到热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接接头,焊条也与所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件同时熔融,其特征在于,
将纤维与热塑性树脂的混合物形成为条状,
将所述纤维的含量在以所述混合物为100重量%时设为1重量%以上~35重量%以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条,其特征在于,
所述纤维是碳纤维、玻璃纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维、聚乙烯纤维、改性聚苯醚纤维和纤维素纳米纤维之中的任意一种纤维。
3.一种使用热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的焊接方法,是热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的焊接方法,其特征在于,具备:
焊条选择步骤,选择含有与作为母材的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件的热塑性树脂产生锚固效应的热塑性树脂并将纤维的含量设为1重量%以上~35重量%以下的热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条;以及
焊接步骤,将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的前端部以适度的按压力抵靠在作为母材的热塑性纤维强化塑料构件彼此的接头部的接合面上,通过热风或热板构件的加热手段仅使所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条和所述热塑性纤维强化塑料构件分别含有的热塑性树脂熔融,一边用熔融后的热塑性树脂和未熔融的纤维填充所述接头部的接合面,且一边沿着所述接头部将所述热塑性纤维强化塑料用焊条的前端部按压在所述接头部的接合面上一边进行移动。
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