CN117203312A - 双相润滑剂 - Google Patents
双相润滑剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117203312A CN117203312A CN202280031150.1A CN202280031150A CN117203312A CN 117203312 A CN117203312 A CN 117203312A CN 202280031150 A CN202280031150 A CN 202280031150A CN 117203312 A CN117203312 A CN 117203312A
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 title description 10
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003254 anti-foaming effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- -1 demulsifiers Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002051 biphasic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010725 compressor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
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- C10M155/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M143/00 - C10M153/00
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- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
- C10M2215/0425—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof used as base material
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- C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种润滑油组合物,该润滑油组合物包含(a)45质量%至75质量%的低粘度第一基础油组分,该低粘度第一基础油组分为在100℃下运动粘度在3.5mm2/s至7.0mm2/s的范围内的费‑托衍生基础油;(b)3质量%至35质量%的高粘度第二基础油组分,该高粘度第二基础油组分是聚亚烷基二醇;(c)消泡添加剂,该消泡添加剂作为非离子表面活性剂,其中质量%基于该润滑组合物的总质量。本发明还提供一种用于润滑车轴的方法,所述方法包括向所述车轴供应润滑油组合物,该润滑油组合物包含:(a)45质量%至75质量%的低粘度第一基础油组分,该低粘度第一基础油组分为在100℃下运动粘度在3.5mm2/s至7.0mm2/s的范围内的费‑托衍生基础油;(b)3质量%至35质量%的高粘度第二基础油组分,该高粘度第二基础油组分是聚亚烷基二醇;(c)消泡添加剂,该消泡添加剂作为非离子表面活性剂,其中质量%基于该润滑组合物的总质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于润滑车轴的方法和一种用于在该方法中使用的润滑油组合物。
背景技术
燃料经济性是汽车行业中的主要挑战。改善燃料效率的关键方式是使用具有较低粘度的润滑剂。然而,在设备操作的整个温度范围内维持合适的润滑剂粘度也是重要的。特别地,在高负荷和高温条件下维持必要水平的保护可证明使用低粘度润滑剂制剂时的挑战性。
双相润滑剂由低粘度组分和高粘度组分组成。通常,矿物基础油或聚-α-烯烃(PAO)用作低粘度组分并且聚亚烷基二醇被选择用于高粘度组分。在两相润滑剂中,聚亚烷基二醇在室温和低于室温下处于与低粘度组分分离的相中,但随着温度升高开始溶于该低粘度组分中。这种现象随后随着温度下降而逆转。因此,在低温下,润滑来自低粘度组分并有效地降低摩擦,而在高温下,较高粘度组分在提供更好的磨损保护方面起着重要作用。
WO9611244公开了一种润滑油,该润滑油通过组合低粘度润滑油和高粘度润滑油而在高温和低温两者下起作用,其仅利用低粘度润滑油在低温下的性质,与此同时利用该油的通过在高温下将高粘度润滑油与低粘度润滑油混合而使粘度增加的性质。
WO2014207172教导了一种驱动系统传动油组合物,该驱动系统传动油组合物在100℃下的运动粘度为3.5mm2/s至7.0mm2/s,通过混合以下物质产生:(i)选自矿物油、合成油和GTL的低粘度润滑剂基础油组分;(ii)基于聚亚烷基二醇的高粘度组分;和(iii)控制组分。
关于双相润滑油的使用的进一步研究描述于Kamata等人Tribology Online,11,1(2016),24-33中。
共混双相润滑油具有许多挑战。任何添加剂均需要在润滑油为两相时在低温下完全溶解且有活性,当两个相彻底混合时维持溶解且有活性,并且当温度再次降低时继续维持溶解且有活性。此类活性必须在重复的加热和冷却循环中维持。特别关注的是提供消泡添加剂,该消泡添加剂可在双相润滑油中起作用并且在宽温度范围内提供显著的消泡保护。
附图说明
图1a、图1b和图1c是使用中的双相流体的示意图。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种润滑油组合物,该润滑油组合物包含:
(a)45质量%至75质量%的低粘度第一基础油组分,该低粘度第一基础油组分为在100℃下运动粘度在3.5mm2/s至7.0mm2/s的范围内的费-托衍生基础油;
(b)3质量%至35质量%的高粘度第二基础油组分,该高粘度第二基础油组分是聚亚烷基二醇;
(c)消泡添加剂,该消泡添加剂作为非离子表面活性剂,其中质量%基于该润滑组合物的总质量。
本发明还提供一种用于润滑车轴的方法,该方法包括向所述车轴供应润滑油组合物,该润滑油组合物包含
(a)45质量%至75质量%的低粘度第一基础油组分,该低粘度第一基础油组分为在100℃下运动粘度在3.5mm2/s至7.0mm2/s的范围内的费-托衍生基础油;
(b)3质量%至35质量%的高粘度第二基础油组分,该高粘度第二基础油组分是聚亚烷基二醇;
(c)消泡添加剂,该消泡添加剂作为非离子表面活性剂,其中质量%基于该润滑组合物的总质量。
具体实施方式
已经令人惊奇地发现,基于非离子表面活性剂的消泡剂在包含费-托基基础油作为低粘度组分和聚亚烷基二醇作为高粘度组分的双相润滑油组合物中提供了优异的消泡性质。
这种润滑油组合物还可有效地在宽范围的工业润滑油,诸如汽车齿轮油、传动油(诸如AT油、MT油和CVT油)、液压油和压缩机油中使用。在优选的实施方案中,其用作车轴流体。
费-托衍生基础油是使用费-托工艺将一氧化碳和氢转化成一系列液体燃料和油而制备的那些。一氧化碳和氢的来源可以是多种多样的。例如,使用天然气作为起始材料通过费-托工艺合成了天然气合成(GTL)基础油。其中X代表碳和氢原子的根源的各种其他XTL工艺是已知的,例如煤制油(CTL)、生物质制油(BTL)和电能制油(PTL)。GTL基础油或其共混物理想地用作本发明中的费-托衍生基础油,相对于由原油生产的矿物油基础油,其硫含量和芳烃含量极低,并且具有非常高的链烷烃组成比,这意味着它们具有优异的氧化稳定性和极小的蒸发损失。
费-托衍生基础油在100℃下存在宽范围的运动粘度(KV100),但在本发明中使用KV100在3.5mm2/s至7.0mm2/s范围内的那些。所述费-托衍生基础油可以是KV100在3.5mm2/s至7.0mm2/s范围内的单一费-托衍生基础油或多于一种费-托衍生基础油的共混物,其中该共混物的KV100在3.5mm2/s至7.0mm2/s范围内。更优选地,作为费-托衍生基础油的低粘度第一基础油组分在100℃下的运动粘度在4.0mm2/s至6.0mm2/s范围内。
基于润滑油组合物的总质量,作为费-托衍生基础油的低粘度第一基础油组分的量为45质量%至75质量%,优选地45质量%至65质量%。
基于润滑油组合物的总质量,高粘度第二基础油组分以3质量%至35质量%的范围存在。所述高粘度第二基础油组分是聚亚烷基二醇。优选的聚亚烷基二醇包括基于聚(氧化丙烯)的产物。优选地,基于润滑油组合物的总质量,所述高粘度第二基础油组分以在13质量%至28质量%范围内的量存在。
合适的高粘度第二基础油组分的KV100在90mm2/s至120mm2/s,优选地95mm2/s至105mm2/s范围内。
该润滑油组合物还包含非离子表面活性剂作为消泡添加剂。此类非离子表面活性剂倾向于是聚烷氧基化醇、胺以及它们的混合物。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,可优选将包含一种或多种酯基础油的控制组分添加到润滑油组合物中。此类一种或多种酯基础油用作两相油分离温度的控制组分,高于该两相油分离温度时两个相均变得可混溶,并且低于该两相油分离温度时两个相均变得不可混溶。如Kamata等人Tribology Online,11,1(2016),24-33所解释的,高粘度组分和低粘度组分的极性差异是通过加入这种控制组分而改变的。
合适的酯具有疏水基团和亲水基团两者,并且可以溶解在高粘度组分和低粘度组分两者中,从而改变它们的极性并由此控制双相油分离时的温度。需要注意的是,也可以组合并使用两种或更多种不同的酯基础油作为控制组分。
优选地,用作控制组分的所述酯基础油或其混合物在100℃下的运动粘度在3.5mm2/s至10mm2/s的范围内,更优选地不小于3.5mm2/s。优选地,KV100不大于8mm2/s,并且更优选地不大于6mm2/s。还优选地,用作控制组分的酯基础油或其混合物在100℃下的运动粘度比低粘度第一基础油组分的运动粘度高或低不大于1mm2/s,更优选地不大于0.5mm2/s。
用作控制组分的合适的酯基础油描述于WO2014207172中,其中要求所述酯基础油(或其混合物)的氧/碳重量比为0.080至0.350,优选地0.080至0.300,更优选地0.080至0.250。
酯基础油可以是多元醇的单酯、二酯和偏酯或全酯中的任一者。
形成酯基础油的醇可以是一元醇,或任何多元醇,并且酸可以是一元酸或多元酸。
一元醇可以是碳数为1至24,但优选地1至12且更优选地1至8的醇,并且可以是直链或支链的。它们也可以是饱和或不饱和的。
多元醇可以是二元至十元醇,但优选地二元至六元醇。二元至十元多元醇的示例包括二元醇。形成酯基础油的醇可以是一元醇,或任何多元醇,并且酸可以是一元酸或多元酸。
对于形成酯基础油的酸,一元酸包括2至24个碳的脂肪酸,并且它们可以是直链或支链的、以及饱和或不饱和的。在上述饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸中,优选的是碳数为3至20的饱和脂肪酸、碳数为3至22的不饱和脂肪酸以及它们的混合物,但是碳数为4至18的饱和脂肪酸、碳数为4至18的不饱和脂肪酸以及它们的混合物是更优选的。润滑性和操纵品质得到了提高,并且如果还考虑氧化稳定性,则碳数为4至18的饱和脂肪酸是最优选的。
如果存在的话,则基于润滑油组合物的总质量,包含一种或多种酯基础油的控制组分的量为1质量%至20质量%,优选地2质量%至10质量%。
本领域已知的各种添加剂可以单独或以几种类型的组合与本发明的润滑油组合物共混,这些添加剂为例如极压添加剂、分散剂、金属清净剂、摩擦调节剂、抗氧化剂、腐蚀抑制剂、防锈剂、破乳剂、金属钝化剂、倾点下降剂、密封溶胀剂、消泡剂和着色剂。通常,这些添加剂中的一些或全部添加剂可作为添加剂包提供。
附图详细说明
图1a、图1b和图1c提供了双相润滑油组合物的使用的示意图。
图1a表示本发明的润滑油组合物的一个方面,并且示出了两相状态1,该两相状态为润滑油组合物在低温下的状态。低粘度第一基础油组分2形成上部相,而高粘度第二基础油组分3形成下部相。图1b示出了这样的状态,在该状态中使用正在进行润滑的机器4,并且将该机器浸渍在润滑油组合物的上部相中。在启动(低温)期间,形成上部相的低粘度第一基础油组分2是润滑的主要贡献者,而高粘度第二基础油组分3对润滑几乎没有贡献。由于低粘度第一基础油组分2在低温下提供充分的润滑性能,因此即使当仅存在低粘度组分时也不会阻碍润滑性能。图1c示出了单相状态5,该单相状态是在由于继续使用机器4而导致温度升高之后产生的。
在此,由于温度升高,低粘度第一基础油组分2和高粘度第二基础油组分3混合,从而产生均匀的润滑油组合物。伴随低粘度第一基础油组分2的温度升高的粘度降低被高粘度第二基础油组分3补偿,因此即使当温度升高发生时,也不会发生诸如油膜破裂的问题。
现在将通过以下非限制性实施例来进一步说明本发明。
实施例
如表1和表2所示,共混一系列润滑油。所使用的组分如下:
低粘度(vis)基础油:KV100为5.5mm2/s的GTL基础油的共混物
高粘度基础油:Synalox 100-D450,购自Dow;环氧丙烷的水不溶性均聚物(KV40为713cSt;KV100为110cSt)。
酯基础油:Priolube 1936,购自Croda;二酯基础油(KV40为26cSt;KV100为5.3cSt)
添加剂包1—市售多功能汽车齿轮包装添加剂包。
消泡剂1—Viscoplex 14-520,来自Evonik的有机改性的硅氧烷消泡剂。
消泡剂2—DCF 200—12500cSt(3%)的基于聚二甲基硅氧烷的消泡剂,购自DowCorning。
消泡剂3—Synative AC AMH-2—基于非离子表面活性剂的消泡剂,购自Cognis。
摩擦调节剂—市售的基于胺的摩擦调节剂。
使用标准方法将表1和表2中所示的制剂共混,并使用标准测试ASTM D892进行测试。如测试所描述的,油起泡趋势在诸如高速传动、高容量泵送和飞溅润滑的系统中可能是严重的问题。润滑剂的不充分润滑、气蚀和溢流损失可导致机械故障。这种测试方法用于针对此类操作条件评估油。这种测试方法涵盖在24℃和93.5℃下润滑油的发泡特性的测定。它由三个序列组成。
在序列I中,用空气以恒定速率(94mL/min+/-5mL/min)吹扫维持在24℃+/-0.5℃的浴温下的样品的一部分5min,然后使其沉降10min。在两个周期结束时测量泡沫的体积。
在序列II中,使用与前一序列中所示相同的空气流率以及吹扫和沉降持续时间来分析维持在93.5℃+/-0.5℃的浴温下的样品的第二部分。
最后,在序列III中,再次使用在进行序列II中使用的样品部分,其中使任何剩余的泡沫塌陷,并且在将测试圆筒放置在维持在24℃+/-0.5℃的浴中之前,通过允许该圆筒在室温下在空气中静置来将该样品部分的温度冷却到低于43.5℃。遵循如序列I中所示的相同空气流率以及吹扫和沉降持续时间。
所测试的实施例的结果显示在表1中。SAE J2360提供了用于商业和军事用途的汽车齿轮润滑剂的标准。在SAE J2360标准中,通过ASTM D892测定油的起泡趋势特性。在其中,对于序列I、序列II和序列II,在5分钟吹扫期结束时泡沫的最大可允许体积分别为20mL、50mL和20mL。
表1-比较例
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | |
低粘度油 | 85.70 | 85.63 | 85.64 | 84.78 | 84.75 | 49.27 |
高粘度油 | - | - | - | - | - | 26.38 |
酯 | - | - | - | - | - | 9.99 |
添加剂包1 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 14.29 | 14.15 | 14.14 | 14.29 |
消泡剂1 | - | 0.07 | - | - | - | - |
消泡剂2 | - | - | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
摩擦调节剂 | - | - | - | 1.00 | 1.00 | - |
消泡剂3 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - |
测试I | 170/0 | 130/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 20/0 |
测试II | 30/0 | 10/0 | 30/0 | 20/0 | 30/0 | 80/0 |
测试III | 150/0 | 70/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 20/0 |
表2-发明实施例
实施例7 | 实施例8 | 实施例9 | 实施例10 | |
低粘度油 | 49.25 | 48.19 | 48.26 | 48.19 |
高粘度油 | 26.37 | 26.40 | 26.40 | 26.40 |
酯 | 9.99 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
添加剂包1 | 14.28 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 14.30 |
消泡剂1 | - | - | - | 0.07 |
消泡剂2 | 0.07 | 0.07 | - | - |
摩擦调节剂 | - | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
消泡剂3 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
测试I | 0/0 | 0/0 | 10/0 | 10/0 |
测试II | 40/0 | 50/0 | 20/0 | 10/0 |
测试III | 10/0 | 0/0 | 10/0 | 0/0 |
仅包含低粘度基础油的润滑油组合物需要消泡添加剂(参见实施例2至实施例5与实施例1的比较)。有机改性的硅氧烷(消泡剂1)未提供期望的结果,并且需要基于聚二甲基硅氧烷的消泡剂(消泡剂2)来提供必要的发泡减少(参见实施例3至实施例5)。
然而,与单相组合物相比,在双相润滑油组合物(实施例6)中使用这种消泡剂导致起泡增加。无论单独使用还是与其他消泡剂组合使用,实施例7至实施例10中使用的基于非离子表面活性剂的消泡剂均在双相润滑油组合物中提供优异的发泡结果。在双相流体中使用单一消泡剂以在某一温度范围内(在两相状态和单相状态期间)产生优异的发泡结果是非常期望的结局。
Claims (9)
1.一种润滑油组合物,所述润滑油组合物包含:
(a)45质量%至75质量%的低粘度第一基础油组分,所述低粘度第一基础油组分为在100℃下运动粘度在3.5mm2/s至7.0mm2/s的范围内的费-托衍生基础油;
(b)3质量%至35质量%的高粘度第二基础油组分,所述高粘度第二基础油组分为聚亚烷基二醇;
(c)消泡添加剂,所述消泡添加剂作为非离子表面活性剂,其中质量%基于所述润滑组合物的总质量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的润滑油组合物,其中所述低粘度第一基础油组分在100℃下的运动粘度在4.0mm2/s至6.0mm2/s的范围内。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的润滑油组合物,其中所述高粘度第二基础油组分在100℃下的运动粘度在90mm2/s至120mm2/s,优选地95mm2/s至105mm2/s的范围内。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,所述润滑油组合物还包含控制组分,所述控制组分包含一种或多种酯基础油。
5.根据权利要求4所述的润滑油组合物,其中所述酯基础油的氧/碳重量比为0.080至0.350,优选地0.080至0.300。
6.根据权利要求4或权利要求5所述的润滑油组合物,其中所述酯基础油在100℃下的运动粘度比所述低粘度第一基础油组分的所述运动粘度高或低不大于1mm2/s,更优选地不大于0.5mm2/s。
7.根据权利要求4至6中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其中基于所述润滑油组合物的所述总质量,包含一种或多种酯基础油的所述控制组分以2质量%至10质量%的量存在。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其中所述非离子表面活性剂选自聚烷氧基化醇、聚烷氧基化胺以及它们的混合物。
9.一种用于润滑车轴的方法,所述方法包括向所述车轴供应润滑油组合物,所述润滑油组合物包含:
(a)45质量%至75质量%的低粘度第一基础油组分,所述低粘度第一基础油组分为在100℃下运动粘度在3.5mm2/s至7.0mm2/s的范围内的费-托衍生基础油;
(b)3质量%至35质量%的高粘度第二基础油组分,所述高粘度第二基础油组分是聚亚烷基二醇;
(c)消泡添加剂,所述消泡添加剂作为非离子表面活性剂,其中质量%基于所述润滑组合物的总质量。
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AU3717595A (en) | 1994-10-07 | 1996-05-02 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Multiphase lubrication |
JP6133148B2 (ja) | 2013-06-27 | 2017-05-24 | 昭和シェル石油株式会社 | 駆動系変速装置用潤滑油組成物 |
JP6294997B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-03-14 | シェルルブリカンツジャパン株式会社 | 二相潤滑油組成物およびコントロール成分 |
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