CN117143933B - 一种发酵生产色氨酸的方法 - Google Patents
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- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
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- C12P13/00—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
- C12P13/04—Alpha- or beta- amino acids
- C12P13/22—Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Phenylalanine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine
- C12P13/227—Tryptophan
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- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
- C07D209/10—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
- C07D209/18—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D209/20—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals substituted additionally by nitrogen atoms, e.g. tryptophane
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Abstract
本发明属于生物技术领域,公开了一种发酵生产色氨酸的方法,其包括如下步骤:大肠埃希氏菌经过一级种子培养、二级种子培养,获得二级种子液,接入发酵培养基中,发酵培养48h得到色氨酸发酵液,经微滤膜过滤、超滤以及顺序式模拟移动床色谱分离等工艺,有效去除了杂质,产品纯度与收率均满足工业化生产要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体涉及一种发酵生产色氨酸的方法。
背景技术
L-色氨酸又名α-氨基吲哚基丙酸,是人体重要的神经递质-5-羟色胺的前体,是人体的必需氨基酸之一,可用于孕妇营养补剂和乳幼儿特殊奶粉,也可作为安神药,调节精神节律、改善睡眠。
L-色氨酸的生产最早主要是依靠化学合成法和蛋白质水解法制造。近年来还出现了直接发酵法和化学合成法,直接发酵法和转化法相结合生产色氨酸的研究。随着对微生物法生产色氨酸的研究的不断发展,人们开始利用微生物法发酵生产色氨酸,现已走向实用并且处于主导地位。微生物法大体可分为微生物发酵法和酶促转化法。微生物发酵法具有原料价格低廉,工艺控制简单,产品质量可靠等优点。但随着发酵工业的快速发展,发酵法生产L-色氨酸对培养基营养成分和发酵调控的合理性提出了更高的要求。优良的L-色氨酸生产菌株、合理的培养基组成和适当的发酵调控策略有利于提高L-色氨酸的产酸水平。通过诱变方式获得高性能产色氨酸大肠埃希氏菌的研究较少。仅有少数几篇报道,例举如下:
“庞敏等,辐射研究与辐射工艺学报2009年”,利用低能N+注入产色氨酸酶大肠埃希氏菌Escherichia coli进行诱变选育,经过反复筛选和连续突变后,获得高产色氨酸酶大肠埃希氏菌,和出发菌株相比,其生物量和色氨酸酶活性均有所提高。该菌株的最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适pH区间为5-8。
因此,迫于氨基酸发酵产业的需求,我们需要对大肠埃希氏菌进行诱变或改造以获得高性能产色氨酸菌株。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的缺陷,本发明对已有产色氨酸的大肠埃希氏菌继续高压电场诱变和筛选,提供了一种产色氨酸的大肠埃希氏菌,并且提供了一种发酵生产色氨酸的方法。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案实现的。
一种发酵生产色氨酸的方法,其包括如下步骤:
大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)TR2023D-1经过一级种子培养、二级种子培养,获得二级种子液,将二级种子液按照5-10%体积比的接种量接入发酵培养基中,发酵培养48h得到色氨酸发酵液;
将色氨酸发酵液经有机微滤膜过滤,除去菌体蛋白及其它大分子物质,收集滤过液,再进行超滤膜过滤,收集超滤液;将超滤液经顺序式模拟移动床色谱分离得到提取液,色谱分离后的提取液进入双效蒸发器中进行蒸发浓缩,蒸发浓缩至原体积的四分之一,得到浓缩液;将浓缩液进行结晶,然后离心、烘干得到色氨酸产品;
优选地,
所述一级种子培养使用的培养基为LB液体培养基,所述二级种子培养使用的培养基为:蔗糖30g/L、磷酸二氢钾5g/L、磷酸氢二钾5g/L、酵母膏5g/L、七水硫酸镁1g/L、七水硫酸亚铁50mg/L、生物素0.1mg/L;pH控制在7.0。
优选地,
所述发酵培养基为:山梨醇80g/L、玉米浆10g/L、磷酸二氢钾5g/L、磷酸氢二钾5g/L、柠檬酸2g/L、七水硫酸镁1.5g/L、氯化胆碱0.5g/L、七水硫酸亚铁100mg/L、生物素0.2mg/L;pH控制在7.0。
优选地,
所述顺序式模拟移动床色谱控制参数为:流量5m3/h,温度50℃,压差0.5MPa。
优选地,
所述有机微滤膜的孔径为0.1μm。
优选地,
所述超滤膜的截留分子量500Da,超滤温度为33℃。
生物材料的保藏:大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)TR2023D-1,保藏号为CGMCCNo.27549,于 2023年 6月 5日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(CGMCC),北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号。
本发明取得的有益效果主要包括但是并不限于以下几个方面:
大肠埃希氏菌经过高压电场诱变筛选后,菌株的性能发生显著改变,碳源利用谱和初始菌株明显不同,TR2023D-1菌株在山梨醇作为碳源时发酵效率最高,发酵产酸量提高了91.7%,同时,诱变菌株的发酵菌体含量也最多,较出发菌株提高了44.9%;出发菌株以葡萄糖作为碳源产酸效率最高,TR2023D-1菌株比出发菌株下降了7.6个百分点。诱变菌株的最适pH范围为3.5-9.0,而出发菌株为5.0-8.0,较出发菌株的pH范围更宽,适应能力更强,适合工业化规模发酵,以pH3.5为例,出发菌株在2小时后的存活率为65%左右,而诱变菌株存活率接近100%。本发明色氨酸发酵液经微滤膜过滤、超滤以及顺序式模拟移动床色谱分离等工艺,有效去除了杂质,产品纯度与收率均满足工业化生产要求。
具体实施方式
本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的产品及方法已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的产品及方法进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。为了进一步理解本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
将实验室保藏的生产色氨酸的大肠埃希氏菌进行活化,接种到LB液体培养基,37℃振荡培养24h,然后3000rpm离心3min,收集菌体,浓度为0.1mol/L的PBS洗涤两次,然后用0.1mol/L的PBS稀释两倍,取0.2ml置于玻璃平皿中,进行高压电场诱变,电场强度为3kV/cm,极距为5cm,处理时间为15min,挑菌,培养成单菌落,再置于鉴定平板进行筛选,最终获得一株产色氨酸的大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)TR2023D-1,保藏号为CGMCCNo.27549,于 2023年 6月 5日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号。
该菌株在添加盐酸四环素平板上,培养24小时后,菌落为圆形,边缘整齐,半透明状,浅乳白色,最适pH范围3.5-9.0,产色氨酸,基于16S rRNA基因序列进行分析,鉴定为大肠埃希氏菌。
实施例2
诱变菌株的发酵性能测试
一、发酵工艺
大肠埃希氏菌TR2023D-1进行活化,接种到LB液体培养基,37℃振荡培养36h,得到一级种子液;
将一级种子液按照15%的接种量接入到二级种子培养基中,37℃振荡培养至OD600值为8左右,得到二级种子液;
二级种子培养基组分:蔗糖30g/L、磷酸二氢钾5g/L、磷酸氢二钾5g/L、酵母膏5g/L、七水硫酸镁1g/L、七水硫酸亚铁50mg/L、生物素0.1mg/L;pH控制在7.0。
将二级种子液按照8%的接种量接入发酵培养基中,培养温度36.5℃,溶氧量为20%,通过流加浓度为2mol/L的蔗糖溶液控制还原糖含量不低于0.5%,通过流加25%氨水维持发酵罐内pH在7.0,流加消泡剂消泡;发酵时间为48h,即得L-色氨酸发酵液;
发酵培养基组分:碳源80g/L、玉米浆10g/L、磷酸二氢钾5g/L、磷酸氢二钾5g/L、柠檬酸2g/L、七水硫酸镁1.5g/L、氯化胆碱0.5g/L、七水硫酸亚铁100mg/L、生物素0.2mg/L;pH控制在7.0。
二、不同碳源对发酵产酸量和糖酸转化率的影响
分别选用山梨醇、甘油、蔗糖、葡萄糖作为发酵培养基的碳源,发酵培养基组分分别为:
发酵培养基1:山梨醇80g/L、玉米浆10g/L、磷酸二氢钾5g/L、磷酸氢二钾5g/L、柠檬酸2g/L、七水硫酸镁1.5g/L、氯化胆碱0.5g/L、七水硫酸亚铁100mg/L、生物素0.2mg/L;pH控制在7.0。
发酵培养基2:甘油80g/L、玉米浆10g/L、磷酸二氢钾5g/L、磷酸氢二钾5g/L、柠檬酸2g/L、七水硫酸镁1.5g/L、氯化胆碱0.5g/L、七水硫酸亚铁100mg/L、生物素0.2mg/L;pH控制在7.0。
发酵培养基3:蔗糖80g/L、玉米浆10g/L、磷酸二氢钾5g/L、磷酸氢二钾5g/L、柠檬酸2g/L、七水硫酸镁1.5g/L、氯化胆碱0.5g/L、七水硫酸亚铁100mg/L、生物素0.2mg/L;pH控制在7.0。
发酵培养基4:葡萄糖80g/L、玉米浆10g/L、磷酸二氢钾5g/L、磷酸氢二钾5g/L、柠檬酸2g/L、七水硫酸镁1.5g/L、氯化胆碱0.5g/L、七水硫酸亚铁100mg/L、生物素0.2mg/L;pH控制在7.0。
出发菌株采用上述相同的发酵工艺,具备可比较性。发酵液中色氨酸含量和菌体含量(干重)分别见表1-2:
表1
表2
结论:由上表1-2可知,大肠埃希氏菌经过高压电场诱变筛选后,菌株的性能发生了明显变化,TR2023D-1的碳源利用谱和出发菌株明显不同,TR2023D-1菌株在山梨醇作为碳源时发酵效率最高,发酵产酸量提高了91.7%,相应地,菌体含量也最多,较出发菌株提高了44.9%;出发菌株以葡萄糖作为碳源产酸效率最高,TR2023D-1菌株比出发菌株下降了7.6个百分点。
实施例3
分离纯化制备色氨酸
发酵工艺按照实施例2制备得到色氨酸发酵液,其中碳源选用山梨醇。
将色氨酸发酵液经0.1μm孔径的有机微滤膜过滤,除去菌体蛋白及其它大分子物质,收集滤过液,再进行超滤膜过滤,截留分子量500Da,超滤温度为33℃,收集超滤液;将超滤液经顺序式模拟移动床色谱分离得到提取液,顺序式模拟移动床色谱控制参数为:流量5m3/h,温度50℃,压差0.5MPa;色谱分离后的提取液进入双效蒸发器中进行蒸发浓缩,温度为75℃,蒸发浓缩至原体积的四分之一,得到浓缩液;将浓缩液进行结晶,然后离心、烘干得到色氨酸产品。经检测,色氨酸的提取率为83%左右,纯度可达到97%以上。
最后应说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种发酵生产色氨酸的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:
1)大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)TR2023D-1经过一级种子培养、二级种子培养,获得二级种子液,将二级种子液按照5-10%体积比的接种量接入发酵培养基中发酵培养48h,得到色氨酸发酵液;
2)将色氨酸发酵液经有机微滤膜过滤,除去菌体蛋白及其它大分子物质,收集滤过液,再进行超滤膜过滤,收集超滤液;将超滤液经顺序式模拟移动床色谱分离得到提取液,再进入双效蒸发器中进行蒸发浓缩,蒸发浓缩至原体积的四分之一,得到浓缩液;将浓缩液进行结晶,然后离心、烘干得到色氨酸产品;
所述大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)TR2023D-1保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏号为CGMCC No.27549;
所述一级种子培养使用的培养基为LB液体培养基,所述二级种子培养使用的培养基为:蔗糖30g/L、磷酸二氢钾5g/L、磷酸氢二钾5g/L、酵母膏5g/L、七水硫酸镁1g/L、七水硫酸亚铁50mg/L、生物素0.1mg/L;pH控制在7.0;
所述发酵培养基为:山梨醇80g/L、玉米浆10g/L、磷酸二氢钾5g/L、磷酸氢二钾5g/L、柠檬酸2g/L、七水硫酸镁1.5g/L、氯化胆碱0.5g/L、七水硫酸亚铁100mg/L、生物素0.2mg/L;pH控制在7.0。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述顺序式模拟移动床色谱控制参数为:流量5m3/h,温度50℃,压差0.5MPa。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述有机微滤膜的孔径为0.1μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述超滤膜的截留分子量500Da,超滤温度为33℃。
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