CN117016754A - 一种快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺及其专用菌 - Google Patents
一种快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺及其专用菌 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于食品技术领域,尤其涉及一种快速产乳酸的番茄强化酸汤发酵工艺及其专用菌。所述专用菌为布氏乳杆菌(Lentilactobacillus buchneri)It1‑6,已在中国典型培养物保藏中心保藏,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M 2023228。采用布氏乳杆菌It1‑6发酵番茄酸汤,其工艺包括:原料预处理、添加辅料、装坛、接菌、水封发酵。所制得番茄酸汤,乳酸含量可达18.582±4.575g/kg左右,乳酸菌含量可达2.05×108cfu/ml左右;氯化钠含量低(1.674±0.009%),口感风味佳,感官评价高,具有良好的益生功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品技术领域,尤其涉及一种快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺及其专用菌。
背景技术
番茄酸汤主要由番茄发酵制成,番茄又称西红柿,既是蔬菜又有水果特征,营养价值高。据报道,番茄果实中富含钙、磷、铁等矿物质元素和多种促进人体健康的化合物,例如胡萝卜素、维生素等,不仅可以增强人体免疫力,预防癌症和心血管疾病等疾病的发生,还具有清除自由基、减缓动脉粥样硬化和预防心脏病的作用,其含有的番茄红素还有抗癌作用,且有研究表明经过油加工处理的番茄比鲜食番茄中的番茄红素更易吸收,贵州省高血压患病率低可能与当地喜食番茄酸汤关系密切。但番茄酸汤的制作目前主要依靠自然发酵,品质难以保障,时长难以控制,不同批次番茄酸汤的酸度和风味差异较大。
布氏乳杆菌属于异型发酵乳酸菌,除了产生乳酸外,还可产生乙醇等物质,被广泛应用于泡菜和青贮饲料中,在生物体内它可调节肠道菌群,降低炎症率,应用于食品时可有效抑制腐败菌的生长,延长保质期,促进发酵成熟。
如公开号为CN202111264724.3的专利公开了一种番茄酸汤的制备方法,其目的在于解决传统的番茄酸汤的发酵过程中采用自然静置的方式,发酵的时间长,导致番茄酸汤的生产效率低下的问题。但未用到微生物强化发酵的方法,风味稳定性仍然不能控制。
发明内容
本发明研究人员通过对番茄酸汤发酵工艺中的微生物进行筛选研究,筛选出了一种耐酸、耐盐性能好,能快速产乳酸的菌株;将该菌株用于番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺中,通过对发酵工艺进行进一步改进优化,可制得风味佳、乳酸含量高的发酵番茄酸汤。具体是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤专用菌,所述专用菌为布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillusbuchneri)It1-6,已在中国典型培养物保藏中心保藏,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M 2023228,保藏日期为2023年3月2日。
布氏乳杆菌It1-6为本发明研究人员从番茄酸汤体系经传统筛菌的方式筛选而得。经研究发现:将该菌株接种在番茄酸汤中培养,接种量为3%(菌体密度OD600 nm=2.455);在1d内乳酸可达到2.051±0.260g/kg,继续发酵5d后乳酸可达到18.582±4.575g/kg,活菌量可达到2.05 8log10 CFU/mL;应用到番茄酸汤体系安全性高,且能快速产乳酸,降低含盐量,有一定的益生功能。
布氏乳杆菌It1-6在MRS平板上培养48-72h形成直径0.6-1.5mm,菌落圆形、光滑、乳黄色。细胞杆形,单个或成对;G+;一般不运动,不形成芽胞;化能异养,厌氧,即使菌株在空气中也发酵代谢;厌氧条件下利用果糖产酸产气;发酵D-核糖成为核酸和乙酸而不产气。最适pH 5.5-5.8,中性或碱性可能延长延滞期,或总量减少;在加有碳酸钙的琼脂平板上生长能产生透明圈。产乳酸,产异构酶。
采用上述快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤专用菌所进行的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,是采用布氏乳杆菌It1-6发酵处理过的番茄酸汤原料。
优选地,所述快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤发酵工艺,包括以下过程:
(1)原料预处理:完整无损伤的新鲜番茄(贵州本地毛辣果)洗净破碎备用;
(2)添加辅料:在破碎的番茄块中添加5-10%食盐和1-4%糯米饭,搅拌均匀;
(3)装坛:将搅拌均匀的番茄破碎后的原材料和辅料装入发酵坛;
(4)接菌:将1-10%液态发酵菌剂布氏乳杆菌lt1-6加入到发酵坛中发酵;
(5)水封发酵:将接入菌种的番茄酸汤置于25-37℃的恒温培养箱中发酵,在发酵坛的边缘加水后密封发酵,发酵5-10d即得强化发酵番茄酸汤。
优选地,所述步骤(2),食盐添加量为6%,糯米饭添加量为2%。
优选地,所述步骤(4),布氏乳杆菌lt1-6的接种比例为3%。
优选地,所述步骤(5),发酵坛的培养温度为30℃。
优选地,所述步骤(5),发酵坛的发酵时间为6d。
需要说明的是,步骤(1)中,制作番茄酸汤的原料品种除贵州本地毛辣果外,还可以是樱桃番茄、梨形番茄、大叶番茄、契斯曼尼番茄。
需要说明的是,步骤(3)中发酵坛可以换成智能发酵罐。
需要说明的是,步骤(4)中可以根据需要的番茄酸汤的酸度相应的调整接菌比例或接菌浓度。
上述快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵专用菌是应用于番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺中。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明采用布氏乳杆菌It1-6为强化发酵酸汤体系的专用菌。经研究发现:将该菌株接种在番茄酸汤中培养,接种量为3%(菌体密度OD600 nm=2.455);在1d内乳酸可达到2.051±0.260g/kg,继续发酵5d后乳酸可达到18.582±4.575g/kg,活菌量可达到2.058log10CFU/mL;应用到番茄酸汤体系安全性高,且能快速产乳酸,降低含盐量,有一定的益生功能。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施方式来对本发明的技术方案做进一步的限定,但要求保护的范围不仅局限于所作的描述。
实施例1
一种快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,包括以下过程:
(1)原料预处理:完整无损伤的新鲜番茄(樱桃番茄)洗净破碎备用;
(2)添加辅料:在破碎的番茄块中添加6%食盐和2%糯米饭,搅拌均匀;
(3)装坛:将搅拌均匀的番茄破碎后的原材料和辅料装入发酵坛;
(4)接菌:将3%液态发酵菌剂布氏乳杆菌lt1-6加入到发酵坛中发酵;
(5)水封发酵:将接入菌种的番茄酸汤置于30℃的恒温培养箱中发酵,在发酵坛的边缘加水后密封发酵,发酵6d即得强化发酵番茄酸汤。
实施例2
一种快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,包括以下过程:
(1)原料预处理:完整无损伤的新鲜番茄(贵州本地毛辣果)洗净破碎备用;
(2)添加辅料:在破碎的番茄快中添加5%食盐和3%糯米饭,搅拌均匀;
(3)装坛:将搅拌均匀的番茄破碎后的原材料和辅料装入发酵坛;
(4)接菌:将1%液态发酵菌剂布氏乳杆菌lt1-6加入到发酵坛中发酵;
(5)水封发酵:将接入菌种的番茄酸汤置于30℃的恒温培养箱中发酵,在发酵坛的边缘加水后密封发酵,发酵6d即得强化发酵番茄酸汤。
实施例3
一种快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,包括以下过程:
(1)原料预处理:完整无损伤的新鲜番茄(梨形番茄)洗净破碎备用;
(2)添加辅料:在破碎的番茄快中添加4%食盐和2%糯米饭,搅拌均匀;
(3)装坛:将搅拌均匀的番茄破碎后的原材料和辅料装入发酵坛;
(4)接菌:将2%液态发酵菌剂布氏乳杆菌lt1-6加入到发酵坛中发酵;
(5)水封发酵:将接入菌种的番茄酸汤置于30℃的恒温培养箱中发酵,在发酵坛的边缘加水后密封发酵,发酵5d即得强化发酵番茄酸汤。
实施例4
一种快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,包括以下过程:
(1)原料预处理:完整无损伤的新鲜番茄(大叶番茄)洗净破碎备用;
(2)添加辅料:在破碎的番茄快中添加8%食盐和3%糯米饭,搅拌均匀;
(3)装坛:将搅拌均匀的番茄破碎后的原材料和辅料装入发酵坛;
(4)接菌:将6%液态发酵菌剂布氏乳杆菌lt1-6加入到发酵坛中发酵;
(5)水封发酵:将接入菌种的番茄酸汤置于20℃的恒温培养箱中发酵,在发酵坛的边缘加水后密封发酵,发酵3d即得强化发酵番茄酸汤。
实施例5
实施例5与实施例1的区别在于采用的发酵容器不同,是采用智能发酵罐进行发酵的。
对照组1
对照组1与实施例1的区别在于未接种布氏乳杆菌lt1-6。
对照组2
对照组2与实施例1的区别在于布氏乳杆菌lt1-6的接种量不同,接种量为1%;发酵环境是在37℃的恒温培养箱中发酵1d。
对照组3
对照组3与实施例1的区别在于步骤(4)中番茄酸汤中没有加入菌种,是将发酵坛中的番茄酸汤在40℃的恒温培养箱中自然发酵6d制成。
对照组4
对照组4与实施例1的区别在于步骤(5)中发酵时间不一样,为发酵3d制得。
对照组5
对照组5与实施例2的区别在于步骤(4)中番茄酸汤中接入的是普通布氏乳杆菌(布氏乳杆菌,Lactobacillus buchneri L34-2)。
试验结果如下:
表1不同番茄酸汤评价指标性能分析
由表1数据可知,实施例1和对照组1的不同之处在于是否接菌,接入浓度的会引起乳酸、乳酸含量、pH值及感官评分的差异,也并不是说菌种浓度越高,感官评分越高。菌种浓度在合适的范围内(1-8%),会得到比较理想的番茄酸汤产品。根据实施例2-5和对照组2-5可知,辅料添加量如食盐添加量为5-10%,糯米饭添加量为1-4%,发酵坛的培养温度为25-37℃,发酵坛的发酵时间为5-10d时,番茄酸汤产品质量较好,同时也获知发酵坛自然发酵的方式要稍好于发酵罐,但差异不大。
在此有必要指出的是,以上实施例和试验例仅限于对本发明的技术方案做进一步的阐述和理解,不能理解为对本发明的技术方案做进一步的限定,本领域技术人员做出的非突出实质性特征和显著进步的发明创造,仍然属于本发明的保护范畴。
Claims (8)
1.一种快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵专用菌,其特征在于,所述专用菌为布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus buchneri)It1-6,已在中国典型培养物保藏中心保藏,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M 2023228,保藏日期为2023年3月2日。
2.一种采用权利要求1所述的快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵专用菌进行的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,其特征在于,采用布氏乳杆菌It1-6发酵处理过的番茄酸汤原料。
3.如权利要求2所述的快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,其特征在于,包括以下过程:
(1)原料预处理:完整无损伤的新鲜番茄洗净破碎备用;
(2)添加辅料:在破碎的番茄块中添加5-10%食盐和1-4%糯米饭,搅拌均匀;
(3)装坛:将搅拌均匀的番茄破碎后的原材料和辅料装入发酵坛;
(4)接菌:将1-10%液态发酵菌剂布氏乳杆菌lt1-6加入到发酵坛中发酵;
(5)水封发酵:将接入菌种的番茄酸汤置于25-37℃的恒温培养箱中发酵,在发酵坛的边缘加水后密封发酵,发酵5-10d即得强化发酵番茄酸汤。
4.如权利要求3所述的快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤(2),食盐添加量为6%,糯米饭添加量为2%。
5.如权利要求3所述的快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤(4),布氏乳杆菌lt1-6的接种比例为3%。
6.如权利要求3所述的快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤(5),发酵坛的培养温度为30℃。
7.如权利要求3所述的快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤(5),发酵坛的发酵时间为6d。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种快速产乳酸的番茄酸汤强化发酵专用菌在番茄酸汤强化发酵工艺中的应用。
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