CN116970539B - 一种鼠联合乳杆菌、其组合物及用途 - Google Patents
一种鼠联合乳杆菌、其组合物及用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种鼠联合乳杆菌(Ligilactobacillus murinus)、其组合物及用途,所述鼠联合乳杆菌保藏号为CGMCC No.27972。本发明的鼠联合乳杆菌菌株具有较好的酸耐受性,在肠黏膜表面存活能力较强,可抑制由于高脂肪饮食摄入而导致的体重增加。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微生物领域,尤其涉及一种鼠联合乳杆菌、其组合物及用途。
背景技术
高脂血症是体内脂类代谢紊乱导致血脂水平增高的一种疾病,是指各种原因导致的血浆中胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)升高、和(或)高密度脂蛋白(HDL)降低的一种全身脂代谢异常疾病。
鼠联合乳杆菌(Ligilactobacillus murinus)属于乳杆菌科细菌,作为潜在的益生菌,存在于动物肠道、环境及部分传统发酵制品中,但目前关于鼠联合乳杆菌应用报道相对较少。已有报道鼠联合乳杆菌具有降血糖,改善2型糖尿病的作用,同时具有防治肠缺血再灌注损伤,用鼠联合乳杆菌和用姜黄强化的双歧杆菌发酵的具有抗氧化和抗癌活性等。四川地区发酵制泡菜乳酸菌菌种资源的收集与标准化整理有报道泡菜制品中的鼠联合乳杆菌具有高产酸能力。PEREIRA等发现分离自人体肠道中的乳酸菌和双歧杆菌具有胆固醇同化作用,发酵食品,乳酸奶和发酵豆奶中的双歧杆菌也被证实对高血脂症有缓解作用(Pereira DI, Gibson GR. Cholesterol assimilation by lactic acid bacteria andbifidobacteria isolated from the human gut. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Sep;68(9):4689-93)。但从传统发酵食品中分离鼠联合乳杆菌,同时具有降血脂和控制体重的功能却没有报道过。
常见的降血脂的药有:他汀类、贝特类等。他汀类临床常用的有阿托伐他汀、辛伐他汀、瑞舒伐他汀、匹伐他汀等。他汀类药物能有效的降低血胆固醇的含量,常见的不良反应为转氨酶升高、肌酸激酶升高等。服用期间要定期复查肝功能、激酶谱。贝特类临床常用的有,苯扎贝特、非诺贝特等,这些药物的突出作用是能显著地降低血中的甘油三酯含量,常见不良反应为胃肠道反应,包括恶心、腹泻等,严重者可能出现转氨酶升高,因此用药期间要注意定期复查肝功能。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明旨在筛选存在于传统发酵食品中的具有降血脂功能的潜在益生菌。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种鼠联合乳杆菌(Ligilactobacillus murinus),所述鼠联合乳杆菌保藏号为CGMCC No.27972。
本发明还提供了所述鼠联合乳杆菌的菌体、胞外分泌物和胞内物。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种组合物,包括所述鼠联合乳杆菌或所述的菌体、胞外分泌物和胞内物。
所述的组合物还可包括其他益生菌。
所述的组合物中所述鼠联合乳杆菌可为活菌和/或灭活菌体。
根据本发明的第三个方面,提供了所述的鼠联合乳杆菌或所述的菌体、胞外分泌物和胞内物或所述的组合物降血脂或抑制高脂肪导致的体重增加的用途。
根据本发明的第四个方面,提供了所述的鼠联合乳杆菌或所述的菌体、胞外分泌物和胞内物或所述的组合物在制备延缓和预防与自由基相关的疾病的药物中的用途,所述与自由基相关的疾病包括动脉硬化、糖尿病、心血管病。
制备所述药物的原料包括所述鼠联合乳杆菌或所述菌体、胞外分泌物和胞内物或所述组合物,以及药学上可接受的辅料。
本发明的鼠联合乳杆菌菌株具有较好的酸耐受性,并可耐受小肠中的胆盐,满足益生菌在人体内胃肠消化道的存活要求,发挥益生作用;本发明的鼠联合乳杆菌菌株WIS1404作为益生菌在肠黏膜表面存活能力较强,有助于益生菌对肠黏膜上皮细胞的黏附。此外本发明的菌株可抑制由于高脂肪饮食摄入而导致的体重增加。
本发明所述菌株保藏说明:
菌种名称:WIS1404
拉丁名:Ligilactobacillus murinus
分类命名:鼠联合乳杆菌(Ligilactobacillus murinus)
保藏机构:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心
保藏机构简称:CGMCC
地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号
保藏日期:2023年 7月21 日
保藏中心登记入册编号:CGMCC No. 27972。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解,本申请的示意性实施方式及其说明用于解释本申请。在附图中:
图1为本发明菌株在MRS培养基上的菌落特征图(A)、哥伦比亚血平板溶血特征图(B)与革兰氏染色显微镜检图(C);
图2为本发明菌株的生长曲线;
图3本发明菌株体外人工胃酸、肠液实验;
图4:12周小鼠体重变化曲线图,NC(正常对照组);HFD(高脂饮食组);WIS1404(鼠联合乳杆菌组)
图5: A、鼠联合乳杆菌WIS3061增高高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)统计图;
B、鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404降低低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)统计图;
C、鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404降低甘油三酯(TG)统计图;
D、鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404降低总胆固醇(TC)统计图;
NC、(正常对照组);HFD(高脂饮食组);WIS1404(鼠联合乳杆菌组)
具体实施方式
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施方式及各个实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
下面将参考附图并结合实施方式来详细说明本申请。
实施例1:产胆盐水解酶菌株的筛选、鉴定及保藏
1、样品收集:采集多种我国传统发酵食品(泡菜、酸菜、腐乳等),冷藏保存。
2、菌株的分离纯化:称取1 g样品, 加入9 mL无菌生理盐水中充分混匀,制备成10-1菌悬液,吸取1 mL混悬液加入9 mL无菌生理盐水制备成10-2菌悬液,依次10倍稀释到10-8。分别取浓度为10-6、10-7和10-8的菌液各100 μL,涂布MRS平板,每个稀释度重复涂布两个平板,在37℃厌氧培养48 h,挑取单菌落划线厌氧培养。
MRS肉汤含有蛋白胨10.0g、牛肉粉10.0g、酵母粉5.0g、葡萄糖(C6H12O6·H2O)20.0g、硫酸锰(MnSO4·H2O)0.05g、硫酸镁(MgSO4·7H2O) 0.1g、醋酸钠(CH3COONa·3H2O)5.0g、柠檬酸氢二铵[(NH4)2HC6H5O7] 2.0g、磷酸氢二钾(K2HPO4·3H2O) 2.0 g,吐温801.0g。
3、筛选产胆盐水解酶的菌株:划线培养48 h后,将纯化后的单菌落接种至MRS肉汤中培养24 h。配制含有5 mM甘氨脱氧胆酸(GDCA)和0.37 g/L CaCl2的MRS平板,将培养后的菌液用灭菌生理盐水洗涤重悬两次后,点样10 μL于平板上的无菌滤纸圈上,37℃厌氧培养72 h后,滤纸圈周围有白色沉淀圈产生的即为产胆盐水解酶菌株。
4、菌株显微镜观察形态与16S rDNA测序鉴定:将筛选出的菌株,进行革兰氏染色,然后在显微镜下观察其形态。染色后菌体呈蓝紫色则为革兰氏阳性菌株,菌体呈红色则为革兰氏阴性菌株。
选取在滤纸圈周围产生明显白色沉淀圈的菌株进行菌株鉴定。利用细菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒提取菌株DNA,通过PCR技术扩增16S rDNA,进行测序分析,鉴定菌株的种属。
实验结果:从我国传统发酵食品中,筛选出多株产胆盐水解酶微生物菌株,经16SrDNA测序分析和形态观察,其中菌株WIS1404被鉴定为鼠联合乳杆菌,其16S rDNA序列(SEQID NO:1所示)与已报道的鼠联合乳杆菌(Ligilactobacillus murinus)的序列相似性为99.79%。
5、菌株的菌落特征与溶血性检查:将菌株接种到MRS培养基上,厌氧培养48h,观察菌落特征。同时将菌株接种到哥伦比亚血琼脂上,厌氧培养48h,观察菌株的溶血特征。
实验结果:菌株WIS1404在MRS固体平板上厌氧培养2天,菌落呈圆形,直径大小1.0-2.5 mm,较光滑,乳白色(图1A);在哥伦比亚血琼脂上培养2天后菌落相对较小,直径为0.5-1.5 mm,不溶血。革兰氏染色呈阳性,小短杆,无芽孢。该菌株已在中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(CGMCC)进行了保藏,保藏编号为 CGMCC No.27972。
实施例2:鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404生长曲线与胃肠道耐受力实验
1、生长曲线的测定:将-80℃的20%甘油管中保存的鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404活化两代,按照1%的接种量,接种到MRS肉汤中,放入37℃的摇床中,每隔1小时吸取200 μL用酶标仪测定OD600的值,绘制生长曲线。
实验结果如图2所示。结果证明:鼠联合乳杆菌在4小时后即可进入对数生长期,在12小时进入平台期,最终OD为0.9。
2、人工胃液耐受性测定:取活化培养二代后的鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404培养液和对照菌株B420,分别取菌液10 mL,离心(6000 g、10 min)收集菌体,生理盐水洗涤两次,加入3mL人工胃液(NaCl 0.2%、胃蛋白酶0.35%、用1N HCl调整pH为2.5,过滤除菌)重悬菌泥,混匀后用人工胃液定容至10 mL,混合均匀后,取100 uL(用于测定0h初始活菌数),将剩余重悬液放入37 ℃培养箱厌氧培养,于3 h取样,用平板计数法测定活菌数,以0h活菌数作为对照,计算3h菌株的存活率。人工胃液存活率(%)=3 h活菌数/0 h活菌数×100%。
实验结果如图3所示。结果证明:鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404具有较好的酸耐受性,在pH2.5的环境中,3 h菌株存活率大于60%,与对照组B420活菌数相近。表明鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404在强酸性环境中能保持较高的存活率,作为益生菌可在胃和小肠前段存活,充分发挥益生作用。
3、人工肠液耐受性测定:将人工胃液处理3h后的WIS1404菌悬液离心(6000 g、10min)收集菌体,加入10 mL人工肠液(KH2PO4 0.68%、胰蛋白酶1%,用0.4%NaOH调整pH为6.8,过滤除菌),置于37℃培养箱厌氧培养,分别于0 h、3 h和24 h取样,用平板计数法测定活菌数,以0 h样品为对照,计算1 h、3h 和24h菌株的存活率。人工肠液存活率(%)= 3 h或24 h的活菌数/0 h的活菌数×100%。
实验结果如图3所示。结果证明:鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404具有较好的肠液耐受性。经过了3h胃液的菌离心后,转到人工肠液中,其活菌数量不仅不受影响,且3h的活菌数量略有增加,与张和平老师等人结果一致(张和平, 孟和毕力格, 王俊国, 等. 分离自内蒙古传统发酵酸马奶中L.casei Zhang潜在益生特性的研究 [J]. 2006, 34(4): 4-10.),考虑是因为肠、胃液的缓冲作用及对菌体的保护作用所致。人工肠液24h后,WIS1404菌株存活率为44%,对照菌B420菌株存活率为43%。表明鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404在肠液环境中能保持较高的存活率,可在肠道中发挥益生作用。
4、鼠联合乳杆菌胆盐耐受性测定:取活化后的鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404,按2%接种量分别接种于含0% Oxgll、0.3% Oxgll、0.5% Oxgll和1% Oxgll(w/v)的MRS-THIO培养基(MRS肉汤中含0.2%巯基乙酸钠),37℃厌氧培养24 h后,分别测定上述不同浓度培养基的OD625值,计算菌株对胆盐的耐受力。胆盐耐受力(%)=含胆盐的培养基OD625值/空白培养基OD625值×100%。
实验结果如图4所示。结果证明:鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404具有良好的胆盐耐受性,在0.3%胆盐浓度条件下,3 h后菌株对胆盐耐受力大于76%,在高浓度胆盐条件(1%)下,3 h后菌株对胆盐耐受力仍大于45%。表明鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404作为益生菌可耐受小肠中的胆盐,满足益生菌在人体内胃肠消化道的存活要求,发挥益生作用。
实施例3:鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404体外生物活性测定
1、鼠联合乳杆菌超声波抗性测定:取活化后的鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404,按1%接种量分别接种于MRS-CHO培养基(高胆固醇培养基)和MRS肉汤中,在37℃下,厌氧培养24 h。6000g离心10 min,收集菌体沉淀。用生理盐水重悬菌体,同时调整浓度为4×109 CFU/mL。取一定体积重悬液,在冰浴条件下超声破碎10 min,破碎期间每30 s停止5 s以防止过热。平板计数超声前后活菌数,计算存活率。
鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404在MRS肉汤培养条件下超声波抗性为64.3%,在MRS-CHO培养基培养条件下超声波抗性为72.7%。益生菌在高胆固醇培养基条件下对超声波的抗性是考察益生菌体外降胆固醇作用机理的指标之一。在高胆固醇培养基中培养的菌株对超声波的抗性强于在普通培养基中培养的菌株,表明菌株吸收培养基中的胆固醇,改变了细胞膜的组成和韧性,提高了细胞通透性,从而增强了对超声波的抵抗能力。
2、鼠联合乳杆菌抗氧化活性测定:取2 mL鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404样品(菌悬液、发酵上清液和细胞破碎物上清液,即菌体、胞外分泌物和胞内物)分别加入2 mL浓度为0.2 mM的DPPH,以甲醇为空白调零,37℃避光反应20 min,6000 g离心后测定OD519,计算自由基清除率。抗氧化性(%)=[1-(A-B)/C]×100%,其中A:含有样品和DPPH溶液;B:含有样品溶液不含DPPH溶液;C:不含样品,含DPPH溶液。
实验结果:鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404菌悬液(即菌体)、发酵上清液(即胞外分泌物)和细胞破碎物上清液(即胞内物)的抗氧化性分别为48.6%、67.9%和62.4%。表明鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404的菌体、胞外分泌物和胞内物对自由基均具有较强的清除能力,有利于机体延缓和预防与自由基相关的疾病(如动脉硬化、糖尿病、心血管病等)。
3、鼠联合乳杆菌疏水性测定:利用微生物黏着碳氢化合物法 ( bacteriaadhesion to hydrocarbons,BATH) 进行益生菌表面疏水性的测定。取10 mL过夜培养的WIS1404菌液,在6000 g离心10 min后收集菌体,吸取5 mL的 PBS缓冲液(50 mM,pH 6.5),洗涤菌体2次。以缓冲液为阴性对照,调整菌体浓度OD600约为0.6±0.05 ( A0 ) 。然后取1 mL二甲苯加入至 3 mL调整好浓度的菌体细胞悬液中,混合后在室温下预孵育 10 min,涡旋振荡 2 min,然后在室温下孵育 30 min分层,小心吸取水相,以无菌PBS为空白测定A600值( A) 。按下式计算细菌的疏水性:细菌疏水率(%) =(1-A/A0)×100%。其中:A0表示菌体初始吸光值;A为二甲苯处理后下层水相吸光值。
实验结果:鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404菌体经二甲苯处理前后 OD600值分别为0.63和0.24,计算得菌株对二甲苯的疏水率为61.9%,一定的疏水率表明菌株在肠黏膜表面存活能力较强,有助于益生菌对肠黏膜上皮细胞的黏附。
4、鼠联合乳杆菌自聚合能力测定:活化的乳酸杆菌WIS1404在6000 g离心10 min,收集沉淀PBS(pH7.2,无菌)洗涤2次,600nm波长处吸光度至0.5±0.02,记做A0。去2mL细胞悬液涡旋振荡10s,37℃静置2h取1mL上清,测定吸光度为A1,计算方法见式(n=3)。自聚合能力(%) =( 1-A1/A0) ×100%
实验结果:鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404菌体静置前后 OD600值分别为0.52和0.11,计算得菌株自聚合能力为78.8%,一定的疏水率表明菌株在肠黏膜表面存活能力较强,有助于益生菌对肠黏膜上皮细胞的黏附。
实施例4:鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404体内降血脂功能分析
1将本发明的鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404菌体制成菌悬液(活菌量1×109 CFU/mL),灌服高脂饲料组小鼠(C57BL/6:清洁级,雄性,平均体重30±0.74g。灌胃量:每天0.1 mL/10 g小鼠体重),并以基础饲料(营养成分含量:蛋白质16.1%、碳水化合物60%、脂肪3.1%,能量2.9 kcal/g)组小鼠和高脂饲料(营养成分含量:蛋白质26%、碳水化合物26%、脂肪 35%、能量5.2 kcal/g)组小鼠灌服灭菌生理盐水作为对照,进行该菌株对小鼠的体内益生功能分析。实验分组情况如表1所示。
表1 实验分组与饲养方式
2 称重
为了证实鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404对实验动物体重变化的影响,在试验期间,每周观察小鼠生长情况,并测量小鼠体重,12周的体重变化如图1所示。
从图1可以看出,在饲喂高脂肪饮食的动物中的整个试验周期,WIS1404组从第7天开始显著抑制由肥胖引起的体重增加,鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404组与正常对照组(NC组)体重增长曲线相近。在研究过程中,由于高脂肪饮食摄入而导致的体重增加相对被抑制。
3 血脂测量
饲喂12周后进行血清总胆固醇水平(TC)、血清甘油三脂(TG),高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)等各项指标的测定。
实验结果如图5所示。结果证明:与高脂饲料组小鼠(HFD)相比,鼠联合乳杆菌WIS1404灌胃组小鼠(WIS1404)的血清总胆固醇水平(TC)、血清甘油三脂(TG),高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)均显著降低。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施方式而已,并不用以限制本申请,凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种鼠联合乳杆菌(Ligilactobacillus murinus),其特征在于,所述鼠联合乳杆菌保藏号为CGMCC No.27972。
2.权利要求1所述鼠联合乳杆菌的菌体、发酵上清液和胞内物。
3.一种组合物,其特征在于,包括权利要求1所述的鼠联合乳杆菌或权利要求2所述的菌体、发酵上清液和胞内物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的组合物,其特征在于,还包括其他益生菌。
5.根据权利要求3所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述鼠联合乳杆菌为活菌和/或灭活菌体。
6.权利要求1所述的鼠联合乳杆菌降血脂或抑制高脂肪导致的体重增加的非治疗目的的用途。
7.权利要求1所述的鼠联合乳杆菌或权利要求2所述的菌体、发酵上清液和胞内物或权利要求3-5任一项所述的组合物在制备延缓和预防与自由基相关的疾病的药物中的用途,所述与自由基相关的疾病为动脉硬化、糖尿病、心血管病。
8.一种药物,其特征在于,制备所述药物的原料包括权利要求1所述的鼠联合乳杆菌或权利要求2所述的菌体、发酵上清液和胞内物或权利要求3-5任一项所述的组合物,和药学上可接受的辅料。
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