CN116967110A - 一种铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于铝合金幕墙板技术领域,尤其是一种铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法,本发明公开的铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法采用静电喷涂氟碳粉末涂料底漆,再喷涂水性氟碳面漆再喷涂哑光漆,得涂装铝合金幕墙板;采用氟碳粉末涂料底漆与水性氟碳面漆附着力好、柔韧性好,并且施工方便快捷,对底材铝合金附着力好。哑光漆附着力好,反光率低,光线模糊且减少铝合金幕墙板的光污染。涂装后具有优异的耐候、耐紫外线、耐酸碱腐蚀等性能,涂膜附着力、韧性和抗冲击性强,用在幕墙上面保持建筑的外表历久弥新,后期使用维护成本低,能弥补石材和玻璃的很多缺陷。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于铝合金幕墙板技术领域,尤其是一种铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法。
背景技术
现代建筑装饰工程的金属饰面墙板,主要包括有铝合金幕墙板和石材板。石材的笨重使得在做高层建筑外墙的时候会有严重危险性,石材板的安装难度大,还有一点后期遗留问题是使用过程中维护成本极高。因为石材是天然形成的,品质差别巨大而且质量参差不齐,价位低廉的石材易风化腐蚀危险度极高,高品质天然石材价位昂贵,且防火性能差。铝合金幕墙板可回收利用、轻质量、高强度、产品多元化、差异化特色明显,施工应用安全系数高,维护成本低,综合成本造价低。铝合金墙板产品应用于大面积墙面装饰时,即为铝合金幕墙,多是作为框架结构高层建筑围护墙或与玻璃幕墙共同组成高级的外饰面,与传统的砌筑墙体及抹灰类湿作业以及前述砖板贴面类饰面工程相比,具有安装施工简便且自重轻、抗震、防水抗渗、耐候、节能和外观轻盈华丽等突出的优点。CN202010939437.7公开了一种幕墙用铝单板的氟碳滚涂工艺,但操作复杂,滚涂过程中易产生大量气泡,尤其是在滚涂时如抑泡消泡不好,施工中产生的大量气泡不能得到很快消除,会给涂膜留下缩孔、针孔、鱼眼等弊病,严重影响涂膜外观及防锈能力,一次只能涂得稀薄一层,达不到保护的目的。因此,本领域技术人员亟待开发出一种铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明旨在提供一种铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
一种铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法,包括常规的铝合金幕墙板的脱脂、清洗、干燥步骤外,还包括以下步骤:(1)静电喷涂氟碳粉末涂料底漆:采用静电喷涂工艺在铝合金幕墙板表面涂氟碳树脂粉末涂料后升温固化;(2)烘干后冷却至室温后喷涂水性氟碳面漆25~30微米,烘燥后冷却至室温;(3)再喷涂哑光漆,升温烘干,即得。
进一步的,所述步骤(1)静电喷涂工艺的氟碳树脂粉末涂料用量为700~750g/m2,喷涂电压60~90kV、喷涂距离150~200mm、供粉气压0.15~0.2MPa、涂层厚度30~40μm、相对湿度65~70%、温度25~30℃,升温固化温度160~250℃、固化时间5~25min。
进一步的,所述步骤(1)氟碳粉末涂料为平均粒径10~25μm的聚偏二氟乙烯氟碳粉末涂料。
进一步的,所述步骤(2)水性氟碳面漆组成为分散剂5~8份、消泡剂3~5份、钛白粉150~160份、硫酸钡40~60份、25~30份醇酯-12、固含量40~45%的水性氟碳乳液500~550份、润湿剂2~4份、流平剂4~6份、增稠剂4~5份。
进一步的,所述步骤(3)哑光漆为水性聚氨酯哑光清漆。
进一步的,所述步骤(2)的水性氟碳面漆厚15~20微米。
进一步的,所述步骤(3)的哑光漆厚15~20微米。
本发明公开的铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法采用静电喷涂氟碳粉末涂料底漆,再喷涂水性氟碳面漆再喷涂哑光漆,得涂装铝合金幕墙板;采用氟碳粉末涂料底漆与水性氟碳面漆附着力好、柔韧性好,并且施工方便快捷,对底材铝合金附着力好。哑光漆附着力好,反光率低,光线模糊且减少铝合金幕墙板的光污染。涂装后具有优异的耐候、耐紫外光、耐酸碱腐蚀等性能,涂膜附着力、韧性和抗冲击性强,用在幕墙上面保持建筑的的外表历久弥新,后期使用维护成本低,能弥补石材和玻璃的很多缺陷。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明,但并不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
原料:三和泰PVDF聚偏二氟乙烯氟碳粉末涂料、万博固含量40%的水性氟碳乳液、分散剂荟研HY-5029、消泡剂DRL-3061、钛白粉R902、硫酸钡红星大龙、德纳滨海醇酯-12、润湿剂古田X-405、流平剂BYK-347、增稠剂BYK-420、水性聚氨酯哑光清漆派尔B01-64。准备工序:下料:将用3003合金制造的H44状态、厚度为2.0mm、宽度为1500mm、长度为4000mm的铝板,铝板用数控剪板机QC12Y进行切割下料,使其表面尺寸满足产品设计要求;(2)机加工:开式可倾压力机JB23-25对铝板四角进行开角、江苏亚威机床数控伺服转塔冲床HPE-3058冲孔、卷圆、佛山金工铝门窗机械实业有限公司复合铝板开槽切断机KT-971开槽,并确保边缘、孔平整,无毛刺、无错位;(3)折弯:根据图纸技术要求,将切角后的铝板用江苏亚威机床股份有限公司的数控板料折弯机PBA-110/4100进行折弯,使其满足产品尺寸、角度的要求;(4)焊接:折弯后的铝板若边角有缝隙,WSME-315B逆变交直流方波脉冲氩弧焊机对缝隙进行焊接,焊接使用焊丝HS311,使焊缝熔接良好;(5)装配:按照图纸要求在铝板表面上RSR-2500螺柱焊机种钉机安装种钉、螺丝和角码等;(6)打磨:使用手柄式砂轮机对焊接产生的焊疤和铝板表面进行打磨,以保证工件的表面光洁;(7)脱脂:脱脂剂含木质素磺酸钠2g/L、碳酸钠6g/L、硅酸钠10g/L、柠檬酸钠1g/L,工件进行浸渍式脱脂游离碱:35pt、pH:13,常温下处理15min;在脱脂过程中,应定期检测总碱度,随着处理工件数量的不断增加,槽液的有效成分会逐渐下降,应适当补加脱脂剂。在处理过程中,打捞液面油污;(8)清洗:完成脱脂去污的工件,进行二级逆流水洗,清洗槽溢流出水通过排水管道进入污水处理设施处理。
铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法,包括以下步骤:第一步、静电喷涂氟碳粉末涂料底漆:采用静电喷涂工艺在铝合金幕墙板表面涂氟碳树脂粉末涂料后升温固化,静电喷涂工艺的氟碳树脂粉末涂料用量为750g/m2,喷涂电压90kV、喷涂距离200mm、供粉气压0.2MPa、涂层厚度40μm、相对湿度70%、温度30℃,升温固化温度250℃、固化时间25min,氟碳粉末涂料为平均粒径25μm的聚偏二氟乙烯氟碳粉末涂料;第二步、水帘清洗型加折流板处理式喷漆室内,烘干后冷却至室温后喷涂水性氟碳面漆30微米,烘燥后冷却至室温,水性氟碳面漆组成为分散剂5份、消泡剂3份、钛白粉150份、硫酸钡40份、25份醇酯-12、固含量40%的水性氟碳乳液550份、润湿剂2份、流平剂4份、增稠剂4份;第三步、再喷涂哑光漆,采用水性聚氨酯哑光清漆,厚15微米,升温烘干,即得。
产品:光泽度(60°)30、干、湿和沸水附着性均达到0级,耐冲击性膜层无开裂或脱落现象;耐砂浆性试验后,膜层表面无脱落及其他明显变化,耐沸水性,经高压水浸渍试验后,膜层表面无脱落、起皱等现象。耐盐雾腐蚀性2000h乙酸盐雾试验后,膜层表面无起泡、脱落变化,耐湿热性试验后,膜层表面综合破坏等级达到1级。
实施例2
原料:铝合金板3003,供应状态为H44,板基厚度3.00mm,宽度为1500mm、长度为4000mm。原料:三和泰PVDF聚偏二氟乙烯氟碳粉末涂料、万博固含量45%的水性氟碳乳液、分散剂荟研HY-5029、消泡剂DRL-3061、钛白粉R902、硫酸钡红星大龙、德纳滨海醇酯-12、润湿剂古田X-405、流平剂BYK-347、增稠剂BYK-420、水性聚氨酯哑光清漆珠江化工IV型。准备工序:(1)下料:将QC12Y铝板用数控剪板机进行切割下料;(2)机械加工:JB23-25开式可倾压力机对铝合金四角进行开角、数控伺服转塔冲床江苏亚威HPE-3058冲孔、卷圆、佛山金工复合铝板开槽切断机KT-971开槽,并确保边缘、孔平整,无毛刺和错位;(3)折弯:将切角后的铝合金板用PRESTIGE510040爱克数控折弯机进行折弯;(4)焊接:逆变交直流方波脉冲氩弧焊机WSME-315B对缝隙进行焊接,焊接用焊丝ER4043,使焊缝熔接良好;(5)装配:在铝铝合金板表面上螺柱焊机种钉机RSR-2500安装种钉、螺丝和角码;(6)打磨:使用手柄式砂轮机对焊接产生的焊疤和铝板表面进行打磨,保证表面光洁度;(7)脱脂:脱脂剂含木质素磺酸钠1.5g/L、碳酸钠4g/L、硅酸钠8g/L、柠檬酸钠0.5g/L,工件进行浸渍式脱脂游离碱:25pt、pH:11,常温下处理10min;在脱脂过程中,应定期检测总碱度,随着处理工件数量的不断增加,槽液的有效成分会逐渐下降,应适当补加脱脂剂,在处理过程中,打捞液面油污;(8)清洗:完成脱脂去污的工件,进行二级逆流水洗,清洗槽溢流出水通过排水管道进入污水处理设施处理;
铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法,包括以下步骤:第一步、静电喷涂氟碳粉末涂料底漆:采用静电喷涂工艺在铝合金幕墙板表面涂氟碳树脂粉末涂料后升温固化,静电喷涂工艺的氟碳树脂粉末涂料用量为750g/m2,喷涂电压90kV、喷涂距离200mm、供粉气压0.2MPa、涂层厚度40μm、相对湿度70%、温度30℃,升温固化温度250℃、固化时间25min,氟碳粉末涂料为平均粒径25μm的聚偏二氟乙烯氟碳粉末涂料;第二步、水帘清洗型加折流板处理式喷漆室内,烘干后冷却至室温后喷涂水性氟碳面漆25微米,烘燥后冷却至室温,水性氟碳面漆组成为分散剂8份、消泡剂5份、钛白粉160份、硫酸钡60份、30份醇酯-12、固含量45%的水性氟碳乳液500份、润湿剂4份、流平剂6份、增稠剂5份;第三步、再喷涂哑光漆,采用水性聚氨酯哑光清漆,厚20微米,升温烘干,即得。
产品:光泽度(60°)35、干、湿和沸水附着性均达到0级,耐冲击性膜层无开裂或脱落现象;耐砂浆性试验后,膜层表面无脱落及其他明显变化,耐沸水性,经高压水浸渍试验后,膜层表面无脱落、起皱等现象。耐盐雾腐蚀性2000h乙酸盐雾试验后,膜层表面无起泡、脱落变化,耐湿热性试验后,膜层表面综合破坏等级达到1级。
注:光泽按GB/T5237.5-2017中5.4.2规定进行。硬度按GB/T5237.5-2017中5.4.4规定进行;干附着性按GB/T9286的规定划格,划格间距为1mm。将黏着力大于10N/25mm的粘胶带覆盖在划格的膜层上,压紧以排去粘胶带下的空气,以垂直于膜层表面的角度快速拉起粘胶带,按GB/T9286的规定进行评级;湿附着性按GB/T9286的规定划格,划格间距为1mm。置于38℃、GB/T6682规定的三级水中浸泡40h,取出并擦干试样,在5min内按5.4.5.1.2进行试验并评级;耐沸水性在压力锅中注入GB/T6682规定的三级水至约80mm深处,将约5mm长的试样垂直置于水中,试样应在水面10mm以下,但不能接触容器底部,加热至压力达0.1MPa,并保持恒压1h后,取出并擦干试样,目视检查试验后膜层表面的变化情况,并在取出试样5min内按5.4.5.1进行附着性试验并评级耐砂浆性,按GB/T5237.5-2017中5.4.11规定进行;耐盐雾腐蚀性按GB/T10125的规定进行乙酸盐雾试验(AASS试验),试验时间为2000h;耐湿热性按GB/T1740的规定进行。试验温度为47℃,试验时间为4000h。
Claims (7)
1.一种铝合金幕墙板的涂装工艺方法,其特征在于,包括常规的铝合金幕墙板的脱脂、清洗、干燥步骤外,还包括以下步骤:(1)静电喷涂氟碳粉末涂料底漆:采用静电喷涂工艺在铝合金幕墙板表面涂氟碳树脂粉末涂料后升温固化;(2)烘干后冷却至室温后喷涂水性氟碳面漆25~30微米,烘燥后冷却至室温;(3)再喷涂哑光漆,升温烘干,即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金幕墙板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)静电喷涂工艺的氟碳树脂粉末涂料用量为700~750g/m2,喷涂电压60~90kV、喷涂距离150~200mm、供粉气压0.15~0.2MPa、涂层厚度30~40μm、相对湿度65%~70%、温度25~30℃,升温固化温度160~250℃、固化时间5~25min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金幕墙板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)氟碳粉末涂料为平均粒径10~25μm的聚偏二氟乙烯氟碳粉末涂料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金幕墙板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)水性氟碳面漆组成为分散剂5~8份、消泡剂3~5份、钛白粉150~160份、硫酸钡40~60份、25~30份醇酯-12、固含量40~45%的水性氟碳乳液500~550份、润湿剂2~4份、流平剂4~6份、增稠剂4~5份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金幕墙板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)哑光漆为水性聚氨酯哑光清漆。
6.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金幕墙板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)的水性氟碳面漆厚15~20微米。
7.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金幕墙板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)的哑光漆厚15~20微米。
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