CN1169433C - Method for producing fodder by intensive stalk cultivating locust - Google Patents

Method for producing fodder by intensive stalk cultivating locust Download PDF

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CN1169433C
CN1169433C CNB021136246A CN02113624A CN1169433C CN 1169433 C CN1169433 C CN 1169433C CN B021136246 A CNB021136246 A CN B021136246A CN 02113624 A CN02113624 A CN 02113624A CN 1169433 C CN1169433 C CN 1169433C
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locust
egg
adult
feed
intensive
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CN1385064A (en
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彭建成
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and a device for producing fodder by cultivating locusts using intensive stalks. The product is obtained through the following steps of locust breeding, locust egg acquisition, locust egg storage, locust nymph hatch, locust nymph extraction, young locust feeding, adult locust feeding, locust dropping collection, adult locust killing and adult locust processing. The adult locust feeding device is in a mobile closed structure formed from a bracket and a framework, and multi-layer and multi-line locust carrying layers with mutually interlaced lines are formed from mobile partition frames in the framework. The method and the device have the advantages that the obtained products comprising locust dry powder and locust droppings are fodder with fine quality, and particularly, the locust droppings can be directly used for feeding cattle, sheep and other herbivorous livestock, and the products are convenient for storage and transportation; stalk fodder has high conversion rate, simplicity, economy and low cost; new insect food for human is developed; a contradiction between farm production development in farm areas and disastrous stalks and a contradiction between livestock breeding development in pasturing areas and meadow land desertification are solved.

Description

The intensive stalk cultivating locust produces the method for feed and the device of culturing the locust adult thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology of breeding insects, relate in particular to a kind of intensive stalk cultivating locust and produce the method for feed and the device of culturing the locust adult thereof.
Background technology
According to the knowledge of the applicant, the current two overall situation problems that face of China: the one, desertification of land, grassland ccd area maximum, problem is the most serious, is its major reason and herd excessively.According to incompletely statistics, since the founding of New, China pastoral area domestic animal is by till now 9,000 ten thousand of 2,900 ten thousand hairs exhibitions, and the grassland area is but because of opening up wasteland and desertization reduces more than 6,670,000 hectare.The overload of pastoral area livestock is generally at 50%-120%, the area that has even overload 300%., the natural growth of the population in pastoral area and needs of economic development with returning husbandry to grassland, prevent that the grassland desertification from forming sharp contradiction.The 2nd, the contradiction that development plant husbandry and stalk cause disaster.China is total ploughs 20.3 hundred million mu (not containing Taiwan Province), and in calendar year 2001 natural calamity comparatively under the serious situation, grain yield still reaches 4.5 hundred million tons, by ratio calculating in the most conservative 1: 1, also can produce 4.5 hundred million tons of stalks, says nothing of other non-grain crop stalk.Because the variation of rural area fuel structure, a large amount of stalks can't be handled and constitute serious environmental problem.And existing technology mainly is with microbe fermentation method stalk to be converted into vegetable feed, and its weak point is: crude protein, amino acid content are low, and nutritive value is not high; Moisture height, perishable, thereby inconvenience packing, transportation and storage.
The plague of locusts is worldwide natural calamity, and China North China, northwest recur the plague of locusts in recent years.Locust is a calamity, is its feeding habits are greedy, indiscriminate, heavy and take place high density, burst.The Asiatic migratory locust that its harm is maximum, food comprises reed, paddy and wheat, jowar, corn, sugarcane, bamboo, green grass, leaf etc., almost sees greenly promptly to eat, appetite is unusual.Migratory locusts will eat up 80g food all one's life, are 20 times of self body weight, in its adult stage, can eat up 60g food.Its gregariousness is obvious especially, and density can reach 4000/m 2, have the area in addition up to 10000/m 2, its burst is because its high reproductive rate.Just locust these be different from the characteristic of other insect, huge especially to murrain.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to seek an approach that fundamentally solves above-mentioned two big contradictions, a kind of technology that the stalk in agro-farming district can be converted into the pastoral area animal feeding-stuff is provided---the intensive stalk cultivating locust produces the method for feed, it is assorted to make full use of the locust feeding habits, heavy, the high density gregariousness, characteristics such as high reproductive rate, by culturing locust stalk is converted into locust and locust sand (excrement), locust is known high protein feed of animal origin, locust sand is the vegetable feed of high-quality, its nutrient component is similar to silkworm excrement (excrement), and silkworm excrement was widely used in the ox of feeding before being mainly used in extraction chlorophyll, sheep, livestocks such as pig.Because the locust feeding habits is greedy, indiscriminate, big, food without fully digest and assimilate promptly get rid of external, so a locust just is equivalent to a small-sized feed factory.The gregariousness of locust is very obvious, can reach 4000-10000/m under the natural conditions 2Density, the reproduction rate of locust is also very high, female locust lays eggs more than three times throughout one's life, lay eggs about 70 pieces at every turn, just because of highdensity gregariousness and and high reproductive rate, it is fulminant often that the plague of locusts takes place, also these characteristics of locust just constitute the basis that purpose of the present invention can realize.
Another object of the present invention just provides a kind of device of realizing above-mentioned intensive stalk cultivating locust.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of intensive stalk cultivating locust produces the method for feed, comprise locust breeding, locust egg collection, locust egg storage, hatching larvae, the extraction nymph of a locust, young locust breeding, imago breeding, insect dregs collection, imago killing, adult process, concrete step is in the following order carried out:
(1) locust breeding: (1: the 1-1.2 ratio) throwing in the mating plaque that is provided with the bed of laying eggs, is to raise under 20-40 ℃ of (relative moisture is 65-85%) condition in temperature, lets alone mating, lays eggs male and female locust adult;
(2) locust egg collection: under the environmental condition of above-mentioned steps (1), allow the locust pieces of an egg in the bed of laying eggs, leave standstill 3-7 days, treat to take out pieces of an egg after its slaking, soak, dry with clear water rinsing drainage again with formalin solution;
(3) locust egg storage: the pieces of an egg (placing relative moisture is to lower the temperature under the 65-85% condition, and rate of temperature fall is 1 ℃/day) that cleaning is dried cool to 5 ℃, and holding temperature is not higher than under 7 ℃ of conditions and stores again;
(4) hatching larvae: locust egg is placed hatching apparatus, 12-16 ℃ of control temperature first day, second to the 5th day 20-22 ℃, the 6th day and after 25-30 ℃ (relative moisture is 60-85%, and the humidity difference during each temperature is within 2 degree), hatch the nymph of a locust;
(5) extract young locust: before the nymph of a locust is hatched, on pieces of an egg, place gauze, the gauze upslide leaf feed of putting out to graze, when nymph of a locust major part to be hatched is surfed the Net, take out gauze and place nymph of a locust raising device, other puts a gauze on pieces of an egg, by last gauze method operation, to all hatchings;
(6) young locust breeding: it is under 22-32 ℃ of (relative moisture is 60-85%) condition that the nymph of a locust that takes out from hatching apparatus is placed temperature, the fresh feed of throwing something and feeding every day, until two age locust;
(7) imago breeding: in culturing locust adult device, temperature is 25-35 ℃ locust input in two ages, and the cotton-shaped bright straw feed of the capacity of throwing something and feeding makes its ramp;
(8) insect dregs collection: take out to culture the locust sand in the locust adult device, through sterilization, oven dry process the product vegetable feed;
(9) imago killing:, when growth rate slows down, promptly adopt nontoxic mode to kill when the locust feed intake obviously descends;
(10) adult processing: the adult of killing is selected the human food that is of fine quality, all the other with conventional method sterilization, oven dry, pulverize product locust powder, be animals ' protein forage.
Described locust is all phytophagy locusts of the Insecta Pterigota orthoptera of animal classification theory.
The described bed of laying eggs is made up of fine sand, and a thickness of laying eggs is 4-6cm.
Take out pieces of an egg after the described slaking, soaked 30-50 minute, used the clear water rinsing again 30-50 minute, twice repeatedly with concentration 2-4%, temperature 15-25 ℃ formalin solution.
It is that high-tension current is killed or the alcohol spraying is killed that described nontoxic mode is killed.
The device of a kind of intensive stalk cultivating locust adult comprises the portable enclosed construction that support, framework constitute, and is provided with the multilayer, the multiple row insect-carrying layer that are made of movable separated shelf in the framework on the traversing carriage, and interlaced between each row; On framework, be provided with the top board of tool feed dispensing port, be provided with the anti-net of escaping at four facades of framework and bottom surface; Have the insect dregs collection device at framework; At the topped plastic foil of framework, topped paulin on this plastic foil.
It is described that anti-to escape net be the metal material net.
Described shelf is made of the mesh-like material.
Described insect-carrying layer floor height is 4-7cm.
The bottom surface of described insect dregs collection device and horizontal plane tilt, and the side of insect dregs collection device is provided with the insect dregs collection mouth.
The present invention is in the artificial environment that is provided with, mainly with the stalk locust of feeding because locust is the paurometabolism insect, the hatching back from nymph of a locust worm, nymph to adult, each in vegetative period plesiomorphism, life style is identical, feed must muchly not change, the stalk of all can feeding.The locust sand (excrement) of discharging is high-quality, natural vegetable feed, can pack through sterilization, drying, and shipping is to northern pastoral area, as animal feeding-stuff.Simultaneously, kill adult and not only can get animal protein feed, matter adult processing human food also can select the superior.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is the following aspects:
One. products obtained therefrom locust dry powder, locust sand are colory feeds, and especially locust sand can be directly used in phytophagy livestocks such as ox, sheep, and are convenient to store, transport.
Two. stalk, feed conversion rate height, and simple, economy, cost are low.
Three. the human new insect food of exploitation.
Four. implement the present invention on a large scale, reach 400,000,000 ton hours as the straw utilization amount, locust sand can solve the feed problem of 9,000 ten thousand livestocks in China pastoral area fully.Therefore, can thoroughly solve the contradiction that agro-farming district development plant husbandry and stalk cause disaster, the pastoral area contradiction with the grassland desertification of land of developing animal husbandry.Simultaneously, also can drive manufacturing industry, transport service, grocery trade, create job opportunities.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention cultures the flow chart of steps that locust produces feed;
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view that the present invention cultures locust adult device (imago breeding device);
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is Fig. 2 end face schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated.
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 4: the present invention includes locust breeding, locust egg collection, locust egg storage, hatching larvae, the extraction nymph of a locust, young locust breeding, imago breeding, insect dregs collection and processing, imago killing, adult processing.The concrete operations step is: the locust breeding select to grow normal, the bodily form is healthy and strong five age Asiatic migratory locust, about the long 50mm of female locust body, about the long 35mm of male locust body, in male and female than 1: the ratio of 1.1-1.2 is thrown in and is raised in the mating plaque, lets alone emergence, mating, lays eggs.Mating plaque bottom is laid the thick fine sand of the 5cm bed of doing to lay eggs and is laid eggs for a female locust.Maintain the circulation of air, free from extraneous odour, no sunlight direct projection and peace and quiet keep about 25 ℃ of temperature, and relative moisture is about 75%, throws in bud green clean feed.Avoid agitation during the locust mating, and with the male locust of mating and the female locust that has laid eggs are in time picked into another plaque.Every pair of locust generally can lay eggs more than three times, and female locust lays eggs about about 70 pieces at every turn.Locust egg produces to must guard against immediately into Sha Zhonghou and stirs; Avoid high temperature more than 30 ℃ simultaneously, under former environmental condition, left standstill 5-7 days, make its slaking.After treating that kind of locust all withdraws, pick out pieces of an egg more gently.The pieces of an egg that take out soaked 40 minutes with the formalin solution of 20 ℃ of concentration 2-4%, temperature, rinsing 40 minutes in clear water again, repeatedly twice, then drainage, dry, weigh, adorn box.Place the environment of relative moisture 75% to lower the temperature the locust egg of dress box, rate of temperature fall is 1 ℃/day, drops to 5 ℃ always, goes into freezer then and stores, and holding temperature is not higher than 7 ℃.Estimate harvest time according to stalk and calculate the hatching date, method is: stalk is estimated harvest time and is deducted the vegetative period (generally being 30 days) that hatching date (being generally 14 days) deducts the nymph of a locust to two locust in age again.Locust egg is put in the incubator box control temperature: first day 16 ℃, second day to the 5th day 22 ℃, the 6th day and after 25-26 ℃, and the wet difference of doing during each temperature remains within 2 degree, can hatch the nymph of a locust in general 14-16 days.When hatching closes on the nymph of a locust, pieces of an egg are tiled, not making overlaps piles up, and observes when having the nymph of a locust to hatch, and puts a gauze on pieces of an egg, online one deck leafiness feed of throwing in, after treating the most of online of the young nymph of a locust, gauze is extracted the young nymph of a locust of immigration raise in the plaque, other puts a gauze on pieces of an egg, by last gauze method operation, until whole hatchings.In the young locust breeding plaque temperature be controlled at about 28 ℃, relative moisture 70-80%, the humidity difference keeps in 2 degree, the fresh feed 4 times of throwing something and feeding every day is until two ages.Two age locust place the imago breeding device to raise, this is a Main Stage of the present invention, locust all one's life more than 90% body weight gain and food consumption in this stage.Because locust is the paurometabolism insect, larva and adult metamorphosis are little, and feeding habits are identical, all can feed straw feed.The imago breeding device is portable full-closed structure: framework (pedestal) 2 is installed on support 1, interlaced insect-carrying layer (being convenient under locust freedom of movement and the locust hourglass) between multilayer, multiple row and each row that a plurality of mesh-like material movable separated shelfs 6 constitute is installed in the framework 2; On framework 2, be fixed with curved roof 11, a plurality of feed dispensing ports 7 are arranged on this top board 11, be provided with the anti-net 5 of escaping of metal material at 2 four facades of framework and bottom surface; Have insect dregs collection device 10 at framework 2, the bottom surface of this gatherer 10 and horizontal plane tilt (being convenient to the side that locust sand gathers insect dregs collection device 10), and the side of insect dregs collection device 10 has insect dregs collection mouth 9 (being convenient to artificially collect operation); But folding plastic foil 4 is arranged in that framework 2 is topped, but the topped again rolling paulin 3 of this plastic foil 4.Also be provided with alcohol sprayer 8 at the imago breeding device.The imago breeding device is preferably pressed the appearance and size and the standard manufacture of TEU (Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit), is divided into five tons of types, two specifications of ten tons of types, makes its living environment condition that can satisfy the manual adjustment locust, the living environment that causes high density, eats what there is when being hungry to locust.While is convenient to intensification, the extensive raising again, and " herd " field that makes things convenient for the transportation of imago breeding device, mobile (dotting among Fig. 1) to heap to the stalk results.Two age locust by 50,000/m 3Throw in, temperature is controlled at 25-35 ℃ (available plastic foil 4 and paulin 3 are regulated), and prevent to drench with rain, sunlight direct projection and damage by disease and insect.Bright stalk is processed into cotton-shaped with disintegrating machine, throws something and feeds from feed dispensing port 7 capacities.But can not be excessive, cause feed to rot, pollute living environment, collect locust sand every day once, with the locust sand collected through sterilization, dry, be packaged as vegetable feed.Later turn into adult five ages, and imago breeding is about 20 days, and appetite obviously descends, and body weight gain slows down.At this moment, can kill adult, can adopt high-tension current to kill or alcohol sprayer 8 is killed.Adult drying, the pulverizing of killing, pack, be stored as protein feed; The also optional human food of being processed into of fine quality.Preferably five instars that do not sprout wings are killed the processing human food.
Implement the present invention and support locust and may become a new industry fully, year handle stalk 4.5 hundred million ton hours, can produce 400,000,000 tons in locust sand (dry product), can solve the feed problem of pastoral area livestock substantially when the scale of this industry reaches.Produce locust (dry powder) 2,000 ten thousand tons, 2,000,000 tons of human locust food (aquatic foods), the whole nation is deteriorate grassland 105 * 10 4Km 2(account for national meadow area 56.5%) all moved back and herded recovery.

Claims (9)

1. an intensive stalk cultivating locust produces the method for feed, comprise locust breeding, locust egg collection, locust egg storage, hatching larvae, the extraction nymph of a locust, young locust breeding, imago breeding, insect dregs collection, imago killing, adult process, concrete step is in the following order carried out:
(1) locust breeding: male and female locust adult is thrown in the mating plaque that is provided with the bed of laying eggs, and is to raise under the 20-40 ℃ of condition in temperature, lets alone mating, lays eggs;
(2) locust egg collection: under the environmental condition of above-mentioned steps (1), allow the locust pieces of an egg leave standstill in the bed of laying eggs 3-7 days, treat to take out pieces of an egg after its slaking, soak with formalin solution, use the clear water rinsing again, drainage dries;
(3) locust egg storage: the pieces of an egg that cleaning is dried cool to 5 ℃, and holding temperature is not higher than under 7 ℃ of conditions and stores again;
(4) hatching larvae: locust egg is placed hatching apparatus, and the control temperature reached 25-30 ℃ later in first day 12-16 ℃, second to the 5th day 20-22 ℃, the 6th day, hatched the nymph of a locust;
(5) extract young locust: before the nymph of a locust is hatched, on pieces of an egg, place gauze, the gauze upslide leaf feed of putting out to graze, when nymph of a locust major part to be hatched is surfed the Net, take out gauze and place nymph of a locust raising device, other puts a gauze on pieces of an egg, by last gauze method operation, to all hatchings;
(6) young locust breeding: it is 22-32 ℃ that the nymph of a locust that takes out from hatching apparatus is placed temperature, the fresh feed of throwing something and feeding every day, until two age locust;
(7) imago breeding: in culturing locust adult device, temperature is 25-35 ℃ locust input in two ages, and the cotton-shaped bright straw feed of the capacity of throwing something and feeding makes its ramp;
(8) insect dregs collection: take out to culture the locust sand in the locust adult device, through sterilization, oven dry process the product vegetable feed;
(9) imago killing:, when growth rate slows down, promptly adopt nontoxic mode to kill when the locust feed intake obviously descends;
(10) adult processing: the adult of killing is selected the human food that is of fine quality, all the other with conventional method sterilization, oven dry, pulverize product locust powder, be animals ' protein forage.
2. intensive stalk cultivating locust according to claim 1 produces the method for feed, and it is characterized in that: described locust is all phytophagy locusts of the Insecta Pterigota orthoptera of animal classification theory.
3. intensive stalk cultivating locust according to claim 1 produces the method for feed, it is characterized in that: the bed of laying eggs of described locust breeding is made up of fine sand, and a thickness of laying eggs is 4-6cm.
4. intensive stalk cultivating locust according to claim 1 produces the method for feed, it is characterized in that: take out pieces of an egg after the slaking of described locust egg collection, soaked 30-50 minute with concentration 2-4%, temperature 15-25 ℃ formalin solution, used the clear water rinsing again 30-50 minute, twice repeatedly.
5. intensive stalk cultivating locust according to claim 1 produces the method for feed, it is characterized in that: it is that high-tension current is killed or the alcohol spraying is killed that described nontoxic mode is killed.
6. intensive stalk cultivating locust adult device, comprise the portable enclosed construction that support, framework constitute, it is characterized in that: be provided with interlaced insect-carrying layer between multilayer, multiple row and each row that constitute by movable separated shelf in the framework on the removable support, be provided with the top board of tool feed dispensing port above the framework, four facades of framework and bottom surface are provided with the anti-net of escaping, framework has the insect dregs collection device, has plastic foil outside framework, has paulin on this plastic foil.
7. according to the described intensive stalk cultivating locust of claim 6 adult device, it is characterized in that: described anti-to escape net be the metal material net.
8. according to the described intensive stalk cultivating locust of claim 6 adult device, it is characterized in that: described shelf is made of the mesh-like material, and described insect-carrying layer floor height is 4-7cm.
9. according to the described intensive stalk cultivating locust of claim 6 adult device, it is characterized in that: the bottom surface of described insect dregs collection device and horizontal plane tilt, and the side of insect dregs collection device is provided with the insect dregs collection mouth.
CNB021136246A 2002-04-15 2002-04-15 Method for producing fodder by intensive stalk cultivating locust Expired - Fee Related CN1169433C (en)

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WO2007094652A2 (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-23 Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico Method for the intensive cultivation of contaminant-free locusts and derivatives thereof for human consumption

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CN102805053B (en) * 2012-08-21 2014-02-19 贵州博康生物工程有限公司 Quick and intensive straw management method based on ecological conversion via housefly metabolism
CN104106500A (en) * 2014-08-08 2014-10-22 太仓市永发农场专业合作社 Locust breeding method
CN104770326B (en) * 2015-02-04 2017-06-16 周敬维 locust breeding new model and technology
CN109006701A (en) * 2018-07-30 2018-12-18 嵊州陌桑高科股份有限公司 A kind of shelf and its cultural method convenient for cultivation
CN110447606A (en) * 2019-09-19 2019-11-15 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 A kind of Insect Ecology rearing-box
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007094652A2 (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-23 Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico Method for the intensive cultivation of contaminant-free locusts and derivatives thereof for human consumption
WO2007094652A3 (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-10-25 Univ Mexico Nacional Autonoma Method for the intensive cultivation of contaminant-free locusts and derivatives thereof for human consumption

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