CN116941412B

CN116941412B - Intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machine

Info

Publication number: CN116941412B
Application number: CN202310864729.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹坤; 欧伟洪; 王鸣益
Original assignee: Guangdong Shengnong Agricultural Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Shengnong Agricultural Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-14
Filing date: 2023-07-14
Publication date: 2024-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 2043-07-14
Also published as: CN116941412A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of potato harvesting machines, and discloses an intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machine, which comprises a frame which is hung on travelling equipment, wherein a vine cutting device and a harvesting device are arranged on the frame, the vine cutting device is used for cutting vines of potato crops against the ground, collecting the cut vines, juicing the vines, directly discharging juice formed by juicing into soil, and directly discharging dregs into a field ridge, or arranging a cloth bag at a dregs discharging position to collect dregs, wherein the dregs can be used as feed for feeding livestock, and the harvesting device is used for harvesting rhizomes of the potato crops in a flat spade mode; the invention can solve the problem that the residual vines on the rootstock are wound on the harvesting device, can avoid the vines from scattering in the field, influence the subsequent rootstock harvesting process and the crop planting in the next season, and can quickly fertilize the field, and the rootstock is not scratched in the harvesting process, so that the product phase of the rootstock is kept intact.

Description

Intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of potato harvesting machines, in particular to an intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machine.

Background

Tuber crops refer to sweet potatoes, potatoes and the like, the tuber crops have the characteristics of high-ridge planting and flourishing vines, especially sweet potatoes, sweet potato vines can be usually grown to a plurality of meters long, and the vines are wound together, so that in the prior art, the sweet potatoes are harvested by adopting a two-section operation mode: cutting vines into pieces by a vine cutting machine, returning the vines to the field, and digging sweet potato rootstocks by a harvester; there are some disadvantages to this approach: a. the two-section type operation mode has the problems of more field laying times and low operation efficiency; b. in the existing vine cutting machine technology, vine cutting and returning are carried out, on one hand, fertilizer is fertilized as fertilizer, on the other hand, the vine is enabled to not influence harvesting of sweet potatoes by a harvester, but: compared with sweet potato rootstocks, the sweet potato vine is longer and more, the vine is wound between the vine and the vine, and sweet potato leaves on the vine are wider, but the vine cutting machine technology generally uses a vine cutting device to cut the vine while advancing and rotating at high speed, so the vine cutting mode has the problems of low vine cutting efficiency, larger broken vine size formed by vine cutting and poor vine cutting effect, wherein the broken vine after cutting is generally piled on the soil surface, the broken vine size can affect the subsequent sweet potato rootstock harvesting, and on the other hand, the broken vine has low rotting efficiency, long time is required to finish fertilizer fields, and the planting of crops in the next season is delayed; the poor vine cutting effect means that after the vine is cut, part of the vine still remains connected with the sweet potato rhizome, and when the sweet potato rhizome is harvested subsequently, the part of the vine is easy to wind on a harvester, and the harvesting process is influenced.

Based on the above, the invention provides an intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machine.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background, the invention provides an intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machine.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.

The utility model provides an intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machinery, including hanging the frame that sets up on advancing equipment, install vine cutting device and harvesting apparatus in the frame, the vine cutting device is used for cutting the vine of tuber crop against ground to collect the vine after the cutting, squeeze juice to the vine and handle, the juice that the juice formed is discharged into soil, when harvesting tuber crop, harvesting apparatus is located the rear of vine cutting device along frame direction of movement, and harvesting apparatus is used for harvesting tuber of tuber crop with the flat shovel mode.

Further, one end of the frame is extended with a gathering head, a cylinder column which is vertically arranged is arranged between the gathering head and the frame, and a notch is arranged on one side of the cylinder column facing the gathering head;

the vine cutting device comprises a cutting mechanism, a traction mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a juice squeezing mechanism and a driving source, wherein the cutting mechanism is used for cutting vines against the ground, the traction mechanism is used for dragging the cut vines to move towards the inside of the head, the pushing mechanism is used for gathering the vines to be in a beam shape and pushing the beam-shaped vines to move towards the crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism is arranged in a barrel column and used for cutting the vines, the cut vines are dragged into the juice squeezing mechanism, juice is squeezed by the juice squeezing mechanism, and the driving source is used for providing power for the cutting mechanism, the traction mechanism, the pushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism and the juice squeezing mechanism.

Further, cutting mechanism sets up the free end at the closing head, cutting mechanism includes fixed plate and fly leaf that is on a parallel with frame width direction, fixed plate and closing head fixed connection, fly leaf and fixed plate constitute sliding fit, one side vertical extension that the fixed plate deviates from the frame has fixed teeth, fixed teeth is provided with the multiunit along the extending direction array of fixed plate, one side vertical extension that the fly leaf deviates from the frame has movable teeth, the extending direction array of fly leaf is provided with the multiunit along the movable tooth, cutting mechanism is still including being used for driving the fly leaf to take place reciprocating motion's drive unit one.

Further, the traction mechanism comprises horizontal augers arranged in the gathering head, the horizontal augers are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned at two sides of the gathering head along the length direction of the frame, and the distance between the two groups of horizontal augers is decreased along the length direction of the frame and is pointed to the stirring mechanism by the cutting mechanism.

Further, the pushing mechanism is arranged between the two groups of horizontal augers and comprises an outer cylinder shell which is hollow in the interior and axially parallel to the length direction of the frame, a convex shaft extends from the end part of the outer cylinder shell, and the convex shaft can rotate;

the outer cylinder shell is internally provided with a convex column assembly, the convex column assembly comprises a fixed support arranged in the outer cylinder shell, a mounting rod is arranged on the fixed support along the radial sliding of the outer cylinder shell, a first spring used for driving the mounting rod to move away from the axial lead of the outer cylinder shell is further arranged on the fixed support, one side of the mounting rod, which is away from the axial lead of the outer cylinder shell, is provided with a plurality of groups along the axial array of the outer cylinder shell, the side surface of the mounting rod, which is along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder shell, is provided with a convex strip, two side surfaces of the convex strip, which are along the axial direction of the outer cylinder shell, are provided with first inclined surfaces, and the distance between the first inclined surfaces is gradually reduced along the sliding direction of the mounting rod and the direction, which is pointed by the axial lead of the outer cylinder shell, of the convex column extends out of the outer cylinder shell in an initial state.

Further, a driving member is arranged in the outer cylinder shell, the driving member comprises a screw rod coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder shell, the protruding shaft is in a hollow shaft shape, one end of the screw rod penetrates through the protruding shaft, and the screw rod is fixedly arranged;

the driving component further comprises a guide rod which is arranged in the outer cylinder shell and parallel to the screw rod, a driving support is slidably arranged on the guide rod, a second spring is sleeved outside the guide rod, the elastic force of the second spring is used for driving the driving support to move close to the cutting mechanism, a second inclined surface is arranged on the driving support, the second inclined surface is parallel to the first inclined surface close to the cutting mechanism, and in the moving process of the driving support away from the cutting mechanism, the second inclined surface is contacted with the first inclined surface.

Further, the driving support is provided with screw thread units, the screw thread units are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned at two sides of the screw rod, each screw thread unit comprises a connecting body which is radially and slidably arranged on the driving support along the screw rod, one side of the connecting body, facing the screw rod, is provided with internal threads matched with the screw rod, and the internal threads and the screw rod form screw thread matching;

the connecting body is also provided with a pin rod in a sliding manner, the sliding direction of the pin rod is perpendicular to the axial direction of the screw rod and perpendicular to the sliding direction of the connecting body, and the outer part of the pin rod is sleeved with a spring III;

The thread unit further comprises a fixed rod which is arranged in the outer cylinder shell and parallel to the screw rod, a switching groove is formed in one side, facing the connecting body, of the fixed rod, the free end of the pin rod is slidably positioned in the switching groove, and the elastic force of the spring III is used for driving the pin rod to move close to the bottom of the switching groove;

the length direction of the notch of the switching groove is parallel to the axial direction of the outer cylinder shell, the switching groove comprises an inner groove close to the screw rod and an outer groove positioned on one side of the inner groove away from the screw rod, the inner groove is communicated with the outer groove through connecting grooves, two groups of connecting grooves are arranged and are respectively positioned at two ends of the inner groove, the connecting groove close to the cutting mechanism is a first connecting groove, and the other group of connecting grooves is a second connecting groove;

the groove bottoms of the first connecting grooves are obliquely arranged, the distance between the groove bottoms and the groove openings increases gradually along the direction that the outer grooves point to the inner grooves, the groove bottoms of the second connecting grooves are obliquely arranged, and the distance between the groove bottoms and the groove openings decreases gradually along the direction that the outer grooves point to the inner grooves;

the groove bottom of the inner groove comprises a flat groove bottom I, a flat groove bottom II and a chute bottom I arranged between the flat groove bottom I and the flat groove bottom II, wherein the flat groove bottom I is close to the cutting mechanism, the flat groove bottom II is positioned at one side of the inclined groove bottom I, which is away from the flat groove bottom I, and the distance between the flat groove bottom I and the groove opening is larger than the distance between the flat groove bottom II and the groove opening;

The groove bottom of the outer groove comprises a flat groove bottom III, a flat groove bottom IV and a chute bottom II arranged between the flat groove bottom III and the flat groove bottom IV, wherein the flat groove bottom III is close to the cutting mechanism, the flat groove bottom IV is positioned on one side of the inclined groove bottom II, which is away from the flat groove bottom III, and the distance between the flat groove bottom III and the groove opening is larger than the distance between the flat groove bottom IV and the groove opening.

Further, a push ring is sleeved outside the outer cylinder shell, a convex frame connected with the driving support is arranged on the inner ring surface of the push ring, and an avoidance opening for avoiding the convex frame is formed in the outer circular surface of the outer cylinder shell;

the balance assembly is arranged at one end of the outer cylinder shell, facing the cylinder column, and comprises a balance frame, wherein sliding fit along the axial direction of the outer cylinder shell is formed between the balance frame and the outer cylinder shell, a spring IV for elastically driving the balance frame to move close to the cutting mechanism is arranged between the balance frame and the outer cylinder shell, an inclined plane III is arranged on the balance frame, the inclined plane III is attached to the inclined plane I close to the cylinder column, and the spring IV is in a compression state in an initial state.

Further, the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring cutter cage and a vertical auger which are vertically arranged in the cylinder column, the vertical auger is positioned in the stirring cutter cage, and the outer surface of the vertical auger is close to the inner surface of the stirring cutter cage;

The juice extracting mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder column, and the feeding end of the juice extracting mechanism is communicated with the cylinder column.

Further, the harvesting device comprises a harvesting frame, a sliding fit in the vertical direction is formed between the harvesting frame and the frame, the harvesting frame is driven to move upwards or downwards by a telescopic piece arranged on the frame, a shovel head is arranged on one side of the harvesting frame, which faces towards the gathering head, a conveying unit is arranged on the harvesting frame, and a conveying belt of the conveying unit is in a hollowed-out shape.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. in the invention, the vine cutting device is used for cutting vines of tuber crops against the ground, collecting the cut vines, carrying out juice squeezing treatment on the vines, directly discharging juice formed by juice squeezing into soil, directly discharging dregs into ridges, or arranging a cloth bag at a dregs discharging position to collect the dregs, wherein the dregs can be used as feed for feeding livestock; when the tuber crops are harvested, the harvesting device is positioned at the rear of the vine cutting device along the moving direction of the frame, and the harvesting device is used for harvesting the rhizome of the tuber crops in a flat shovel mode; therefore, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the vine cutting device is used for cutting vines of tuber crops against the ground, so that the vines can be separated from the rootstocks, and the problem that the vines remained on the rootstocks are wound on the harvesting device can not occur during the subsequent harvesting of the rootstocks;

The juicing treatment is convenient for fertilizing the field on one hand, and on the other hand, the vines can be compressed so as to prevent the vines from scattering in the field, and the subsequent rhizome harvesting process and the crop planting in the next season are influenced;

2. the flat shovel mode is selected, so that when the rhizomes of tuber crops are harvested in the flat shovel mode, the rhizomes are not scratched, and the quality of the rhizomes is kept intact;

in addition, after the juice in the vine cutting process flows into the soil, the moisture content of the vine in the harvesting period is 80%, so that the juice is high, the soil can be quickly wetted, the resistance to the movement of the shovel head is reduced, the tuber of the tuber crops can be harvested in a flat shovel mode, if the juice does not wet the soil, the resistance to the movement of the shovel head is reduced, the tuber of the tuber crops is positioned in the soil, the soil hardening and other conditions can cause larger resistance to the movement of the shovel head, the tuber crops are harvested in a flat shovel mode, the shovel head is easily worn, the service life of the shovel head is shortened, and the reliability is low;

in addition, the in-process of harvesting rhizome can turn over the soil, loosen the soil, make juice and soil misce bene, loosen the soil and add juice misce bene, can make the field fertility more sufficient, and when planting the crops of next season, need not turn over the cultivation again and loosen the soil, direct planting can, the practicality is higher.

2. According to the invention, when the cutting device cuts the vines, the pushing mechanism is used for gathering the vines together to form a bundle shape, and then the bundle-shaped vines are pushed to move towards the crushing mechanism, so that the cutting effect and the cutting efficiency of the vines are higher.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a harvesting device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a frame and vine cutting apparatus;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a frame;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a vine cutting apparatus;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cutting mechanism;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a traction mechanism and a shredding mechanism;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a first push mechanism;

FIG. 9 is a second schematic illustration of a pushing mechanism;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram III of a pushing mechanism;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a balancing assembly;

FIG. 12 is a partial schematic view of a first drive member;

FIG. 13 is a partial schematic view II of a driving member;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a securing lever;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a juice extractor mechanism;

FIG. 16 is a second schematic illustration of a juice extractor mechanism;

fig. 17 is a schematic view of a drive source, a cutting shaft, a shredding shaft, a first drive shaft, and a second drive shaft.

The reference numerals in the drawings are:

100. a frame; 101. gathering the heads; 102. a cylinder column;

200. a vine cutting device; 210. a cutting mechanism; 211. a fixing plate; 212. a fixed tooth; 213. a movable plate; 214. a movable tooth; 215. a linkage hole; 216. a linking disc; 217. a protruding pin; 218. a cutting shaft; 220. a traction mechanism; 221. a horizontal auger; 230. a pushing mechanism; 231. an outer cartridge housing; 232. a push ring; 233. a post assembly; 2331. a fixed bracket; 2332. a first spring; 2333. a mounting rod; 2334. a convex column; 2335. a convex strip; 234. a driving member; 2341. a screw rod; 2342. a drive bracket; 2343. a guide rod; 2344. a second spring; 2345. a connecting body; 2346. a pin rod; 2347. a third spring; 2348. a fixed rod; 2349. a switching groove; 235. a balancing assembly; 2351. a balancing stand; 2352. a spring IV; 240. a mincing mechanism; 241. a mincing knife cage; 242. a vertical auger; 243. a crushing shaft; 250. a juice extracting mechanism; 251. a receiving body; 2511. a receiving hole; 252. pushing the plug; 2521. a sealing plate; 253. a first connecting rod; 254. a first driving shaft; 255. a juice extracting tube; 2551. a liquid discharge pipe; 2552. a slag discharge pipe; 256. pressing and plugging; 2561. a second connecting rod; 2562. a third connecting rod; 2563. a fourth connecting rod; 257. a second driving shaft; 260. a driving source;

300. A harvesting device; 301. harvesting a frame; 302. a shovel head; 303. a conveying unit; 304. a telescoping member.

Detailed Description

In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention for achieving the intended purpose, the following detailed description will refer to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-17, an intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machine comprises a frame 100, wherein the frame 100 is suspended on travelling equipment, such as a tractor, a crawler, and the like, and is moved in a field by the travelling equipment with the frame 100.

The vine cutting device 200 and the harvesting device 300 are installed on the frame 100, wherein:

the vine cutting device 200 is used for cutting vines of tuber crops against the ground, collecting the cut vines, squeezing the vines, directly discharging juice formed by squeezing into soil, and directly discharging dregs into ridges, or arranging a cloth bag at a dregs discharging position to collect dregs, wherein the dregs can be used as feed for feeding livestock; because the vine cutting device 200 is used for cutting vines of tuber crops against the ground, the vines and the rootstocks can be separated, when the subsequent rootstocks are gathered, the problem that the residual vines on the rootstocks are wound on the harvesting device 300 can not occur, on one hand, the juice squeezing treatment is convenient for fertilizing the field, and on the other hand, the vines can be compressed so as not to scatter in the field, so that the harvesting process of the subsequent rootstocks and the crop planting in the next season are influenced.

When harvesting the tuber crops, the harvesting device 300 is positioned behind the vine cutting device 200 along the moving direction of the frame 100, and the harvesting device 300 is used for harvesting the rhizome of the tuber crops in a flat shovel mode; the spade mode is selected because the juice in the vine cutting process wets the soil after flowing into the soil, the resistance of the spade 302 in the harvesting device 300 when moving can be reduced, the spade mode is used for harvesting the tubers of the tuber crops, the tubers of the tuber crops cannot be scratched, the tuber crops are kept intact, if the juice wets the soil, the resistance of the spade 302 when moving is reduced, the spade 302 is subjected to larger resistance when moving due to the conditions of the tubers of the tuber crops being positioned in the soil, the soil hardening and the like, the harvesting device 300 is easily worn by the spade mode, the service life of the harvesting device 300 is shortened, and the reliability is not high; in addition, since the harvesting device 300 is located at the rear of the vine cutting device 200, in the process of harvesting the roots, soil is ploughed and loosened, juice is uniformly mixed with the soil, soil loosening and juice mixing are uniform, the field fertility is more sufficient, and when crops in the next season are planted, the roots are directly planted without ploughing and loosening the soil, so that the practicability is higher.

Vine cutting device 200:

as shown in fig. 4, one end of the frame 100 extends with a gathering head 101, when harvesting tuber crops, the gathering head 101 is located right in front of the frame 100 along the moving direction, a cylinder 102 arranged vertically is arranged between the gathering head 101 and the frame 100, and a gap is formed on one side of the cylinder 102 facing the gathering head 101.

As shown in fig. 5, the vine cutting device 200 comprises a cutting mechanism 210, a traction mechanism 220, a pushing mechanism 230, a crushing mechanism 240 and a juice squeezing mechanism 250, wherein the cutting mechanism 210 is used for cutting vines against the ground, the traction mechanism 220 is used for pulling the cut vines to move towards the gathering head 101, the pushing mechanism 230 is used for pulling the vines in the gathering head 101 to move towards the barrel column 102, the crushing mechanism 240 is arranged in the barrel column 102 and is used for cutting the vines, the cut vines are pulled into the juice squeezing mechanism 250, juice is squeezed by the juice squeezing mechanism 250, and the juice directly flows into the field.

Cutting mechanism 210:

as shown in fig. 6, the cutting mechanism 210 is disposed at a free end of the head collecting device 101, the cutting mechanism 210 includes a fixed plate 211 and a movable plate 213 parallel to a width direction of the frame 100, wherein the fixed plate 211 is fixedly connected with the head collecting device 101, the movable plate 213 and the fixed plate 211 form a sliding fit, one side of the fixed plate 211, which is away from the frame 100, extends vertically to form a fixed tooth 212, the fixed teeth 212 are disposed in an array along an extending direction of the fixed plate 211, one side of the movable plate 213, which is away from the frame 100, extends vertically to form a movable tooth 214, and the movable tooth 214 is disposed in an array along an extending direction of the movable plate 213.

The cutting mechanism 210 further includes a first driving unit for driving the movable plate 213 to reciprocate, specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the first driving unit includes a cutting shaft 218 vertically disposed on the head 101, a linkage disc 216 is coaxially disposed at the bottom of the cutting shaft 218, a protruding pin 217 is eccentrically disposed on a lower end surface of the linkage disc 216, a protruding plate extends on a side of the movable plate 213 facing away from the movable teeth 214, a linkage hole 215 is disposed on the protruding plate, a guiding direction of the linkage hole 215 is parallel to a length direction of the frame 100, and a bottom of the protruding pin 217 is slidably disposed in the linkage hole 215.

The operation of the cutting mechanism 210 is represented as:

when the travelling equipment pulls the vine cutting machine to travel, the lower end surface of the fixed plate 211 is close to the ground, meanwhile, the cutting shaft 218 rotates together with the linkage disc 216, the movable plate 213 is driven to reciprocate through the cooperation of the convex pin 217 and the linkage hole 215, and in the reciprocating process, the cutting of the vine is realized through the cooperation of the fixed teeth 212 and the movable teeth 214.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, the outer part of the first driving unit is matched with the first cover for preventing vines from being wound on the first driving unit.

Traction mechanism 220:

as shown in fig. 7, the traction mechanism 220 includes a horizontal auger 221 disposed in the gathering head 101, where the horizontal auger 221 is provided with two groups and is respectively located at two sides of the gathering head 101 along the length direction of the frame 100, and the distance between the two groups of horizontal augers 221 decreases along the length direction of the frame 100 and is directed by the cutting mechanism 210 to the direction of the stirring mechanism 240.

The crushing shaft 243 which is vertically arranged is arranged on the gathering head 101, the crushing shaft 243 is in power connection with the horizontal auger 221 through a bevel gear set, the crushing shaft 243 is correspondingly provided with two sets, further, the gathering head 101 is provided with a second housing for hiding the crushing shaft 243, the input end of the horizontal auger 221 extends into the second housing, and the second housing has the same function as the first housing.

The operation of traction mechanism 220 is represented as:

when the invention advances, the cut vines enter the gathering head 101, and at the same time, the stirring shaft 243 rotates to drive the horizontal auger 221 to rotate through the bevel gear set, and the vines are pulled to move towards the barrel column 102 through the horizontal auger 221.

Pushing mechanism 230:

as shown in fig. 8-14, the pushing mechanism 230 is disposed between two sets of horizontal augers 221.

The pushing mechanism 230 includes an outer cylinder housing 231 which is hollow in the interior and axially parallel to the length direction of the frame 100, a male shaft extending from an end of the outer cylinder housing 231, an input end of the male shaft extending into the first housing and forming a power connection with the cutting shaft 218, and rotation of the cutting shaft 218 driving rotation of the outer cylinder housing 231 together.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, a boss component 233 is disposed in the outer cylinder housing 231, the boss component 233 includes a fixing bracket 2331 disposed in the outer cylinder housing 231, a mounting rod 2333 is slidably mounted on the fixing bracket 2331 along a radial direction of the outer cylinder housing 231, a first spring 2332 for driving the mounting rod 2333 to move away from an axial line of the outer cylinder housing 231 is further disposed on the fixing bracket 2331, a boss 2334 extends from one side of the mounting rod 2333 away from the axial line of the outer cylinder housing 231, a plurality of groups of bosses 2334 are disposed along an axial array of the outer cylinder housing 231, a convex bar 2335 is disposed on a side of the mounting rod 2333 along a circumferential direction of the outer cylinder housing 231, the two sides of the convex bar 2335 along the axial direction of the outer cylinder housing 231 are inclined planes, a distance between the two groups of inclined planes decreases along a sliding direction of the mounting rod 2333 and is directed toward an outer circular plane by the axial line of the outer cylinder housing 231, and a side surface near the convex bar 2334 is disposed as a plane.

As shown in fig. 10, a driving member 234 is further disposed in the outer cylinder 231, for driving the mounting rod 2333 to move near the axis of the outer cylinder 231, and in combination with the first spring 2332, the boss 2334 extends out of the outer cylinder 231 or retracts into the outer cylinder 231, and a avoiding hole for avoiding the boss 2334 is formed on the outer surface of the outer cylinder 231.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the driving member 234 includes a screw 2341 coaxially disposed within the outer cylinder housing 231, the male shaft having a hollow shaft shape, and one end of the screw 2341 passing through the male shaft and being coupled to the first housing.

The driving member 234 further includes a guide rod 2343 disposed in the outer cylinder housing 231 and parallel to the screw rod 2341, a driving support 2342 is slidably mounted on the guide rod 2343, a second spring 2344 is further sleeved on the outer portion of the guide rod 2343, and the elastic force of the second spring 2344 is used for driving the driving support 2342 to move close to the cutting mechanism 210.

The driving support 2342 is provided with a second inclined plane which is parallel to the first inclined plane close to the cutting mechanism 210 and is contacted with the first inclined plane when the driving support 2342 moves away from the cutting mechanism 210, and then, when the driving support 2342 continues to move, the mounting rod 2333 is driven to move close to the axial lead of the outer cylinder shell 231 through the cooperation of the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, a screw unit is provided on the driving bracket 2342, and the screw unit is used for connection between the driving bracket 2342 and the screw rod 2341.

Specifically, the screw units are provided with two groups and are respectively located at two sides of the screw rod 2341, the screw units comprise a connecting body 2345 which is installed on the driving support 2342 in a sliding manner along the radial direction of the screw rod 2341, one side of the connecting body 2345, which faces the screw rod 2341, is provided with internal threads matched with the screw rod 2341, the internal threads and the screw rod 2341 form threaded connection, and when the connecting body 2345 is far away from the screw rod 2341, the internal threads and the screw rod 2341 are separated from threaded connection.

The connecting body 2345 is also provided with a pin rod 2346 in a sliding manner, the sliding direction of the pin rod 2346 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the screw rod 2341 and perpendicular to the sliding direction of the connecting body 2345, and a spring III 2347 is sleeved outside the pin rod 2346.

As shown in fig. 10 and 14, the screw unit further includes a fixing rod 2348 disposed in the outer cylinder housing 231 and parallel to the screw rod 2341, a switching groove 2349 is disposed on a side of the fixing rod 2348 facing the connecting body 2345, the free end of the pin 2346 is slidably disposed in the switching groove 2349, and the elastic force of the spring three 2347 is used for driving the pin 2346 to move close to the bottom of the switching groove 2349.

The notch length direction of the switching groove 2349 is parallel to the axial direction of the outer cylinder housing 231.

The switching groove 2349 comprises an inner groove close to the screw rod 2341 and an outer groove positioned on one side of the inner groove away from the screw rod 2341, wherein the inner groove and the outer groove are communicated through connecting grooves, two groups of connecting grooves are arranged at two ends of the inner groove respectively, the connecting groove close to the cutting mechanism 210 is a first connecting groove, and the other group of connecting grooves is a second connecting groove.

The first connecting groove is arranged obliquely, the distance between the groove bottom and the notch increases gradually along the direction that the outer groove points to the inner groove, the second connecting groove is arranged obliquely, and the distance between the groove bottom and the notch decreases gradually along the direction that the outer groove points to the inner groove.

The groove bottom of the inner groove comprises a flat groove bottom I, a flat groove bottom II and a chute bottom I arranged between the flat groove bottom I and the flat groove bottom II, wherein the flat groove bottom I is close to the cutting mechanism 210, the flat groove bottom II is positioned on one side of the inclined groove bottom I, which is away from the flat groove bottom I, and the distance between the chute bottom I and the notch decreases along the direction of the flat groove bottom I towards the flat groove bottom II, that is, the distance between the flat groove bottom I and the notch is larger than the distance between the flat groove bottom II and the notch.

The groove bottom of the outer groove comprises a flat groove bottom III, a flat groove bottom IV and a chute bottom II arranged between the flat groove bottom III and the flat groove bottom IV, wherein the flat groove bottom III is close to the cutting mechanism 210, the flat groove bottom IV is positioned on one side of the inclined groove bottom II, which is away from the flat groove bottom III, and the distance between the chute bottom II and the notch increases gradually along the direction of the flat groove bottom III towards the flat groove bottom IV, that is, the distance between the flat groove bottom III and the notch is larger than the distance between the flat groove bottom IV and the notch.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a push ring 232 is sleeved outside the outer cylinder shell 231, a convex frame connected with a driving bracket 2342 is arranged on the inner ring surface of the push ring 232, and an avoidance opening for avoiding the convex frame is formed on the outer circular surface of the outer cylinder shell 231.

The operation of the pushing mechanism 230 is as follows:

while the horizontal auger 221 pulls the vine toward the barrel 102, the cutting shaft 218 drives the outer barrel 231 to rotate, i.e., the lead screw 2341 rotates relative to the outer barrel 231, for ease of description, the relative rotation of the lead screw 2341 is illustrated as an example:

in the initial state, the free end of the pin 2346 is located in the inner groove, and the connecting body 2345 and the screw rod 2341 form a threaded fit, so that the screw rod 2341 rotates to drive the connecting body 2345 to move, the connecting body 2345 drives the driving support 2342 to move together, that is, the driving support 2342 moves away from the cutting mechanism 210, and the driving support 2342 moves together with the push ring 232: firstly, when the inclined plane II arranged on the driving bracket 2342 is not contacted with the inclined plane I arranged on the raised bar 2335, the raised bar 2334 extends out of the outer cylinder shell 231, the outer cylinder shell 231 rotates to enable the vines in the gathering head 101 to be wound on the outer cylinder shell 231 through the raised bar 2334, more vines are wound on the outer cylinder shell 231 along with the rotation of the outer cylinder shell 231, then when the inclined plane II is contacted with the inclined plane I, the driving bracket 2342 moves continuously to drive the mounting bar 2333 to move close to the axial line of the outer cylinder shell 231 in a matching manner, the raised bar 2334 is retracted into the outer cylinder shell 231, the spring 2332 is compressed, and meanwhile, the pushing ring 232 moves to push the vines on the outer cylinder shell 231 to move close to the cylinder 102; in general terms, namely: the vines are folded and pushed, so that the vines are folded and stacked to be in a bundle shape, and the vines are pushed to move towards the stirring mechanism 240, so that the vines can be stirred intensively, and the stirring effect are better;

In the moving process of the driving bracket 2342, the second spring 2344 is compressed, the pin rod 2346 is driven by the first inclined groove bottom of the inner groove, the third spring 2347 is compressed, when the driving bracket 2342 moves to the farthest distance, the free end of the pin rod 2346 is positioned at the joint of the inner groove and the second connecting groove, at the moment, the third spring 2347 releases elasticity, the free end of the pin rod 2346 is matched with the inclined groove bottom of the second connecting groove, the pin rod 2346 moves to the outer groove, the threaded fit of the connecting groove 2345 and the screw rod 2341 is withdrawn, the second spring 2344 releases elasticity, the driving bracket 2342 moves to reversely move and reset together with the pin rod 2346, in the resetting process, the free end of the pin rod 2346 is driven by the second inclined groove bottom of the outer groove, the third spring 2347 is compressed, when the resetting is completed, the free end of the pin rod 2346 is positioned at the joint of the outer groove and the first connecting groove, the third spring 2346 releases elasticity, the connecting groove bottom is matched with the connecting groove moves together with the connecting groove 2345, the connecting groove 2345 moves to the first inclined surface, and the connecting groove 2345 is separated from the first inclined surface, and the connecting groove 2345 moves to the first inclined surface of the connecting groove 2341, and the connecting groove 2345 moves to the inclined surface 2341, and the connecting groove 2345 moves to the first inclined surface, and the connecting groove 2345 is contacted with the inclined surface, and the connecting groove 2345 is separated from the first inclined surface, and the connecting groove is moved together;

The movement of the support 2342 away from the cutting mechanism 210 is then repeated.

In summary, the pushing mechanism 230 can pull the vine in the gathering head 101 to wind and fold on the outer cylinder shell 231, and then push the vine to move towards the stirring mechanism 240 through the pushing ring 232, so that the vine is stirred intensively, and the stirring effect are better.

It should be noted that, as will be easily understood by those skilled in the art, the existing reciprocating screw technology is utilized to replace the structure of the screw 2341 with the screw thread unit in the application, but the reciprocating screw is provided with two screw thread grooves with the same pitch and opposite rotation directions on the surface, the two ends are connected by an excessive curve, the sliding block arranged in the screw groove is pushed to do axial reciprocating motion by the rotation of the reciprocating screw, and the reciprocating screw has the advantages of high precision and small abrasion, but also has the defect that the stress cannot be too large and the rotation speed cannot be too large, and a certain pushing force is needed when the pushing ring 232 is driven to push the vine, so that the reciprocating screw technology is not suitable for being used herein, and therefore, the structure of the screw 2341 with the screw thread unit is designed.

In the preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the protrusion 2334 is retracted into the outer cylinder 231 by moving the driving support 2342, and the driving support 2342 is moved by matching the first inclined surface with the second inclined surface, and when the driving support 2342 moves, the second inclined surface contacts only the first inclined surface, that is, the protrusion 2335 is pressed toward the end of the cutting mechanism 210 to drive the mounting rod 2333 to move near the axis of the outer cylinder 231, so that the protrusion 2334 is retracted into the outer cylinder 231, and the movement of the mounting rod 2333 is not smooth enough due to the stress of the end, so that the balance component 235 is further disposed in the outer cylinder 231 and is disposed at the end of the outer cylinder 231 facing the cylinder 102, which acts as a balance, so that the movement of the mounting rod 2333 is smooth.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the balancing component 235 includes a balancing frame 2351, a sliding fit is formed between the balancing frame 2351 and the outer cylinder shell 231 along the axial direction of the outer cylinder shell 231, a spring four 2352 is provided between the balancing frame 2351 and the outer cylinder shell 231 to drive the balancing frame 2351 to move close to the cutting mechanism 210, a slope three is provided on the balancing frame 2351, the slope three is attached to the slope one close to the cylinder 102, and in an initial state, the spring four 2352 is in a compressed state; in the process that the driving support 2342 drives the mounting rod 2333 to move close to the axial line of the outer cylinder shell 231, the spring IV 2352 also releases the elastic force, so that the inclined plane III is tightly attached to the inclined plane I, that is, the mounting rod 2333 is subjected to the pressure of the driving support 2342 at one end and the pressure of the balancing frame 2351 at the other end, and the pressure given by the balancing frame 2351 is smaller than the pressure given by the driving support 2342, but the balancing component 235 can play a role in balancing, so that the moving process of the mounting rod 2333 is smoother.

The mashing mechanism 240:

as shown in fig. 7, the mashing mechanism 240 includes a mashing cage 241 and a vertical auger 242 vertically installed in the barrel column 102, with the vertical auger 242 being located inside the mashing cage 241 and the outer surface of the vertical auger 242 being close to the inner surface of the mashing cage 241.

One of the two groups of crushing shafts 243 is in power connection with the crushing cutter cage 241, and the other group is in power connection with the vertical auger 242.

The operation of the mashing mechanism 240 is represented as:

the pushing mechanism 230 draws in the vines and pushes the vines toward the inside of the barrel column 102 while the mashing knife cage 241 rotates in synchronization with the vertical auger 242, which mashes the vines and pulls the mashed vines upward.

Juice extractor mechanism 250:

as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the juice extracting mechanism 250 includes a receiving body 251 disposed at an upper end of the barrel column 102, a receiving hole 2511 for communicating with the barrel column 102 is formed in a hollow interior of the receiving body 251, and the crushed vines are pulled by the vertical auger 242 and enter the receiving body 251 through the receiving hole 2511.

The juice extracting mechanism 250 further includes a juice extracting tube 255, the extending direction of the juice extracting tube 255 is parallel to the width direction of the frame 100, the juice extracting tube 255 is located at a side of the receiving body 251 facing away from the cutting mechanism 210, and the juice extracting tube 255 communicates with the receiving body 251.

The pushing plug 252 is slidably mounted in the receiving body 251 along the length direction of the machine frame 100, in an initial state, the pushing plug 252 is located at one side of the receiving hole 2511 facing the cutting mechanism 210, a driving unit II for driving the pushing plug 252 to reciprocate is further arranged on the receiving body 251, specifically, the upper end of the receiving body 251 is opened, a guiding area is arranged at the upper end of the pushing plug 252, the guiding direction of the guiding area is parallel to the width direction of the machine frame 100, a sealing plate 2521 also extends at the upper end of the pushing plug 252, in the initial state, the sealing plate 2521 is located right above the receiving hole 2511, the driving unit II comprises a driving shaft I254 which is vertically arranged, a connecting rod I253 which is horizontally arranged is arranged at the bottom of the driving shaft I254, a connecting pin I extends downwards, the bottom of the connecting pin I is slidably located in the guiding area, after entering the receiving body 251 through the receiving hole 2511, the driving shaft I254 rotates together with the connecting rod I253, and the vine of the connecting pin I rotates together with the connecting pin, and the pushing plug 252 reciprocates in the receiving body 251 through the cooperation of the guiding area, and the pushing plug 252 moves back and forth in the receiving body 251 to the receiving body 255.

The squeezing tube 255 is internally sleeved with a squeezing plug 256 in a sliding manner, the bottom of the squeezing tube 255 vertically extends downwards to form a liquid discharge tube 2551, the squeezing plug 256 and the liquid discharge tube 2551 are respectively located at two sides of the receiving body 251, a slag discharging tube 2552 extends at the tube opening of the squeezing tube 255, the tube diameter of the slag discharging tube 2552 is smaller than that of the squeezing tube 255, a driving unit III for driving the squeezing plug 256 to reciprocate is arranged on the stand 100, the driving unit III comprises a driving shaft II 257 which is vertically arranged, the bottom of the driving shaft II 257 is provided with a connecting rod IV 2563, the side surface of the squeezing plug 256 extends with a connecting rod II 2561, the squeezing tube 255 is provided with a through hole for avoiding the connecting rod II 2561, the connecting rod II 2561 is located at one side of the squeezing tube 255 which is away from the receiving body 251, the extending direction of the squeezing tube 255 is parallel to the length direction of the stand 100, and the connecting rod III 2562 is hinged between the connecting rod II 2561 and the connecting rod IV 2563; when the driving shaft II 257 rotates, the pressing plug 256 is driven to reciprocate in the juice squeezing pipe 255 through the cooperation of the connecting rod IV 2563, the connecting rod III 2562 and the connecting rod II 2561, crushed tendrils in the juice squeezing pipe 255 are squeezed, squeezed juice is discharged into a field through the liquid discharge pipe 2551, and dregs are discharged through the dreg discharge pipe 2552.

As shown in fig. 17, a driving source 260 is further installed on the frame 100, where the driving source 260 may be an engine or a combination of a generator and a motor, and is used for driving the vine cutting device 200 to operate, specifically, a transmission shaft is installed on the frame 100 and is in power connection with the driving source 260, and the transmission shaft is in power connection with the cutting shaft 218, the mashing shaft 243, the first driving shaft 254 and the second driving shaft 257 through power transmission members, and the power transmission path of the power transmission members is realized in the prior art, and is not described in detail, through the cooperation of the driving source 260 and the transmission shaft, the cutting shaft 218, the mashing shaft 243, the first driving shaft 254 and the second driving shaft 257 are driven to rotate, that is, the vine cutting device 200 is driven to operate.

The operation of the vine cutting device 200 is as follows:

when the travelling equipment pulls the invention to travel, the vines are cut off by the cutting mechanism 210 against the ground, the vines remained on the rootstock are short and small, the subsequent harvest is not affected, the cut vines enter the gathering head 101 and are pulled by the pulling mechanism 220 to move towards the stirring mechanism 240 in the travelling process of the invention, the pushing mechanism 230 can gather the vines to form bundles and push the bundles of vines to move towards the stirring mechanism 240 in the moving process, the bundles of vines are stirred by the stirring mechanism 240, the crushed vines formed by stirring are pulled by the vertical auger 242, enter the receiving body 251 through the receiving hole 2511, the squeezed vines are squeezed by the squeezing mechanism 250, the squeezed juice is discharged into the field through the liquid discharge pipe 2551, and the dregs are discharged through the dreg discharge pipe 2552.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the harvesting device 300 includes a harvesting frame 301, a sliding fit is formed between the harvesting frame 301 and the frame 100 in a vertical direction, and a telescopic member 304 disposed on the frame 100 drives the harvesting frame to move up or down, wherein the telescopic member 304 may be an electric telescopic rod technology, a hydraulic rod technology, a linear movement technology composed of a motor and a screw rod, or the like.

A shovel head 302 is arranged on one side of the harvesting frame 301, which faces towards the gathering head 101, a conveying unit 303 is further arranged on the harvesting frame 301, the conveying unit 303 is of a conventional conveying belt technology, and a conveying belt of the conveying unit 303 is in a hollowed-out shape.

The working process of the harvesting device 300 is specifically:

firstly, the harvesting frame 301 is driven to move downwards through the telescopic piece 304, so that the shovel head 302 stretches into soil to a preset depth, the preset depth is different according to different types of potato actions, the shovel head 302 does not scratch the rhizome of the tuber crops, in addition, the shovel head 302 can move downwards while advancing, and finally the shovel head 302 stretches into the soil to the preset depth, or a ditch is directly dug at the excavation starting position of a field, and the shovel head 302 is directly put into the ditch;

then, in the process of the travelling equipment traction travelling, the vine cutting device 200 is used for processing the vines in advance, so that the treated field is free of the vines, the treated field soil is irrigated by vine juice, the vine juice is more, and the moisture in the harvesting period is more than 80%, so that the field soil is irrigated by a large amount of juice and becomes wet, the abrasion of the shovel head 302 during movement can be reduced, the shovel head 302 can move to harvest the rhizomes of tuber crops, soil and the rhizomes are directly shoveled up and then are contacted with the conveying unit 303, the rhizomes are discharged from the discharge end of the conveying unit 303 when the conveying unit 303 moves, soil penetrates through the hollowed-out parts of the conveying belt and falls back into the field, and preferably, a vibrator can be arranged on the harvesting frame 301 to drive the conveying unit 303 to vibrate, the soil and the rhizomes are separated better, and the soil is also vibrated loose and falls back into the field.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an intelligence potato harvesting agricultural machinery, includes the frame that hangs the setting on advancing equipment, its characterized in that: the machine frame is provided with a vine cutting device and a harvesting device, the vine cutting device is used for cutting vines of tuber crops against the ground, the cut vines are collected, juice is squeezed from the vines, juice formed by squeezing is discharged into soil, when the tuber crops are harvested, the harvesting device is positioned behind the vine cutting device along the moving direction of the machine frame, and the harvesting device is used for harvesting rhizomes of the tuber crops in a flat shovel mode;

One end of the frame is extended with a gathering head, a cylinder column which is vertically arranged is arranged between the gathering head and the frame, and one side of the cylinder column facing the gathering head is provided with a notch;

the vine cutting device comprises a cutting mechanism, a traction mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a juice squeezing mechanism and a driving source, wherein the cutting mechanism is used for cutting the vines against the ground, the traction mechanism is used for dragging the cut vines to move towards the inside of the gathering head, the pushing mechanism is used for gathering the vines into bundles and pushing the bundles to move towards the crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism is arranged in the barrel column and used for crushing the vines, the crushed vines are dragged into the juice squeezing mechanism and are squeezed by the juice squeezing mechanism, and the driving source is used for providing power for the operation of the cutting mechanism, the traction mechanism, the pushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism and the juice squeezing mechanism;

the cutting mechanism is arranged at the free end of the head gathering, the cutting mechanism comprises a fixed plate and a movable plate which are parallel to the width direction of the frame, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the head gathering, the movable plate and the fixed plate form sliding fit, one side of the fixed plate, which is away from the frame, is vertically extended with fixed teeth, a plurality of groups of fixed teeth are arranged along the extending direction of the fixed plate in an array manner, one side of the movable plate, which is away from the frame, is vertically extended with movable teeth, a plurality of groups of movable teeth are arranged along the extending direction of the movable plate in an array manner, and the cutting mechanism further comprises a first driving unit for driving the movable plate to reciprocate;

The traction mechanism comprises two groups of horizontal augers which are arranged in the gathering head and are respectively positioned at two sides of the gathering head along the length direction of the frame, and the distance between the two groups of horizontal augers is gradually decreased along the length direction of the frame and is pointed to the stirring mechanism by the cutting mechanism;

the pushing mechanism is arranged between the two groups of horizontal augers and comprises an outer cylinder shell which is hollow in the interior and axially parallel to the length direction of the frame, a convex shaft extends from the end part of the outer cylinder shell, and the convex shaft can rotate;

the outer cylinder shell is internally provided with a convex column assembly, the convex column assembly comprises a fixed bracket arranged in the outer cylinder shell, a mounting rod is arranged on the fixed bracket along the radial direction of the outer cylinder shell in a sliding manner, a first spring used for driving the mounting rod to move away from the axial line of the outer cylinder shell is also arranged on the fixed bracket, one side of the mounting rod, which is away from the axial line of the outer cylinder shell, is provided with a plurality of groups along the axial array of the outer cylinder shell, the side surface of the mounting rod along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder shell is provided with a convex strip, two side surfaces of the convex strip along the axial direction of the outer cylinder shell are provided with first inclined surfaces, the distance between the first inclined surfaces of the two groups is gradually reduced along the sliding direction of the mounting rod and is led to the direction of the outer circular surface by the axial line of the outer cylinder shell, and in an initial state, the convex column extends out of the outer cylinder shell;

The outer cylinder shell is internally provided with a driving member, the driving member comprises a screw rod coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder shell, the protruding shaft is in a hollow shaft shape, one end of the screw rod penetrates through the protruding shaft, and the screw rod is fixedly arranged;

the driving component further comprises a guide rod which is arranged in the outer cylinder shell and parallel to the screw rod, a driving support is slidably arranged on the guide rod, a second spring is sleeved outside the guide rod, the elastic force of the second spring is used for driving the driving support to move close to the cutting mechanism, a second inclined surface is arranged on the driving support, the second inclined surface is parallel to the first inclined surface close to the cutting mechanism, and in the process that the driving support moves far away from the cutting mechanism, the second inclined surface is contacted with the first inclined surface;

the driving support is provided with a thread unit, the thread unit is provided with two groups and is respectively positioned at two sides of the screw rod, the thread unit comprises a connecting body which is radially and slidably arranged on the driving support along the screw rod, one side of the connecting body, which faces the screw rod, is provided with an internal thread matched with the screw rod, and the internal thread and the screw rod form threaded fit;

2. An intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machine according to claim 1, wherein: the outer part of the outer cylinder shell is sleeved with a push ring, the inner ring surface of the push ring is provided with a convex frame connected with the driving bracket, and the outer circular surface of the outer cylinder shell is provided with an avoidance opening for avoiding the convex frame;

3. An intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machine according to claim 2, wherein: the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring cutter cage and a vertical auger which are vertically arranged in the cylinder column, the vertical auger is positioned in the stirring cutter cage, and the outer surface of the vertical auger is close to the inner surface of the stirring cutter cage;

4. An intelligent potato harvesting agricultural machine according to claim 1, wherein: the harvesting device comprises a harvesting frame, a sliding fit in the vertical direction is formed between the harvesting frame and the frame, the harvesting frame is driven to move upwards or downwards by a telescopic piece arranged on the frame, a shovel head is arranged on one side of the harvesting frame, which faces towards the head, a conveying unit is arranged on the harvesting frame, and a conveying belt of the conveying unit is in a hollowed-out shape.