CN116855312A - 一种抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116855312A CN116855312A CN202310958698.7A CN202310958698A CN116855312A CN 116855312 A CN116855312 A CN 116855312A CN 202310958698 A CN202310958698 A CN 202310958698A CN 116855312 A CN116855312 A CN 116855312A
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- tea oil
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法及应用，制备方法包括山茶籽选取，清理除杂，干燥脱壳，粉碎，一次浸提，二次浸提以及混合提取等步骤；本发明提供的抗氧化茶油提取物，能够促进皮肤对茶油提取物中营养物质的吸收；能提高茶油提取物的生物活性及稳定性；能够使得山茶油的成品在抗氧化方面效果更加的明显，通过皮肤外用途径可用于保护皮肤免受紫外线辐射等氧化损伤，并抵抗由此引起的皮肤老化现象，具有较好的抗氧化性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物提取技术领域，更具体的说是涉及一种抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法及应用。
背景技术
山茶油(又名野山茶油，茶籽油，油茶籽油)取自油茶树的种籽；山茶油的制作过程可分为：去壳，晒干，粉碎，榨油，过滤，全过程均为物理方法，因此它是真正的纯天然绿色食用油；茶油中不含芥酸，胆固醇、黄曲霉素和其它添加剂；经测试：茶油中不饱和脂肪酸高达90％以上，油酸达到80～83％，亚油酸达到7～13％，并富含蛋白质和维生素A、B、D、E等，尤其是它所含的丰富的亚麻酸是人体必需而又不能合成的。
茶油中含有多种功能性成分，对于维持心血管系统的功能，提高人体免疫力，降低胆固醇，预防和治疗高血压具有明显功效；现已被广泛开发开应用在医药、化妆品、化工等领域；目前，有不少关于茶油在护肤方面的研究，大多数是将直接从油茶籽中提取茶油后与其他表面活性剂等成分混合而成；茶油对肌肤的亲和力不强；茶油的提取工艺也较为粗糙，导致茶油中活性成分大量流失，抗氧化性等也较差，且油茶果中的营养物未得到充分利用。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法及应用，旨在解决上述技术问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、山茶籽选取，选取优良山茶籽，剔除坏籽、不良品；
S2、清理除杂，将选取好的山茶籽进行清洗除杂；
S3、干燥脱壳，将山茶籽通过烘干机烘干，并进入脱壳机中进行脱壳；
S4、粉碎：将脱壳后的山茶籽粉碎成粉末，加入其质量30-40％的处理液混匀，压实后，先在低温环境冷藏处理10-12h，然后采用高温蒸汽处理20-30min，冷却，制得茶籽粉；
S5、一次浸提：将茶籽粉与有机酸提取液混合，在40-45℃水浴提取1-1.5h，过滤，得浸提液A以及滤渣A；
S6、二次浸提：向滤渣A中加入生物碱提取液混合，在30-40℃水浴提取2-3h后，利用压滤机压滤，制得浸提液B；
S7、混合：将浸提液A、浸提液B以及复合提取物混合，过滤离心分离，去除杂质，在30-40℃下搅拌处理20-30min后，减压浓缩至膏状，即得茶油提取物。
优选的，所述步骤S4中，所述低温环境是指-4～-2℃；所述高温蒸汽为200-220℃蒸汽。
优选的，所述步骤S4中，处理液的原料组成包括酒石酸钾、碳酸氢钠、甘露醇以及骨粉。
优选的，所述步骤S5中，茶籽粉与有机酸提取液按1:3的质量比混合。
优选的，所述步骤S5中，有机酸提取液由以下原料制成：杜仲叶、酢浆草、柳树叶、喜树叶、五味子、柠檬皮以及马齿笕。
优选的，所述步骤S6中，滤渣A中加入生物碱提取液按1:5的质量比混合。
优选的，所述步骤S6中，生物碱提取液由以下原料制成：油茶叶、麻黄、黄连、莨菪、厚朴、钩藤以及博落回。
优选的，所述步骤S7中，复合提取物为茶多酚、迷迭香提取物、竹叶抗氧化剂和葡萄籽提取物中的任意一种或多种的组合物，并且复合提取物在添加前均进行脱色处理。
本发明还提供了抗氧化茶油提取物的应用，抗氧化茶油提取物作为化妆品基质或添加剂。
经由上述的技术方案可知，与现有技术相比，本发明公开提供了一种抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法及应用，具有以下有益效果：
本发明在制备过程中采用处理液对茶籽粉进行处理；处理液中的酒石酸钾、碳酸氢钠具有很好的膨化特性，甘露醇对细胞有较强的穿透性，在高温蒸汽的处理下，能有效破坏油茶籽的细胞结构，提高其营养物质的溶出率；骨粉中含有丰富的胶原蛋白，与茶油提取物相互作用后，能提高油茶提取物的生物相容性，促进皮肤对茶油提取物中营养物质的吸收；采用先冷藏后高温蒸汽的处理方式，能进一步效破坏油茶籽的细胞结构；采用有机酸提取液和生物碱提取液先后对茶籽粉进行提取，有机酸提取液、生物碱提取液具有酸性、碱性，能有效将茶籽粉中的不饱和脂肪酸等营养物质及浸提出来，有机酸提取液、生物碱提取液中含有生物活性物质与浸出的营养物质相互作用后，能提高茶油提取物的生物活性及稳定性；本发明添加茶多酚、迷迭香提取物、竹叶抗氧化剂和葡萄籽提取物的复合提取物，能够使得山茶油的成品在抗氧化方面效果更加的明显，制备得到的抗氧化茶油提取物具有较好的抗氧化性，并且通过添加的复合提取物也可以提升山茶油成品的风味，提高市场的认可度。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本发明实施例公开了一种抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、山茶籽选取，选取优良山茶籽，剔除坏籽、不良品；
S2、清理除杂，将选取好的山茶籽进行清洗除杂；
S3、干燥脱壳，将山茶籽通过烘干机烘干，并进入脱壳机中进行脱壳；
S4、粉碎：将脱壳后的山茶籽粉碎成粉末，加入其质量35％的处理液混匀，压实后，先在低温环境冷藏处理11h，然后采用高温蒸汽处理25min，冷却，制得茶籽粉；其中，低温环境是指-3℃；高温蒸汽为200℃蒸汽；处理液的原料组成按重量份数包括10w％酒石酸钾、8w％碳酸氢钠、0.1w％甘露醇以及10w％骨粉；
S5、一次浸提：将茶籽粉与有机酸提取液混合，在40-45℃水浴提取1-1.5h，过滤，得浸提液A以及滤渣A；其中，茶籽粉与有机酸提取液按1:3的质量比混合；有机酸提取液按重量份计由以下原料制成：6份杜仲叶、3份酢浆草、8份柳树叶、3份喜树叶、3份五味子、6份柠檬皮、6份马齿笕；有机酸提取液的制备方法为：将各原料混合粉碎，加8倍80％乙醇混合均匀，以40Hz的超声波提取10min，过滤，得滤液和药渣，备用；减压回收滤液中的乙醇获得浓缩液，将浓缩液稀20倍，制得有机酸提取液。
S6、二次浸提：向滤渣A中加入生物碱提取液混合，在30-40℃水浴提取2-3h后，利用压滤机压滤，制得浸提液B；其中，滤渣A中加入生物碱提取液按1:5的质量比混合；生物碱提取液按重量份计由以下原料制成：3份油茶叶、8份麻黄、8份黄连、3份莨菪、4份厚朴、6份钩藤、10份博落回；生物碱提取液的制备方法为：将各原料混合粉碎，加8倍80％甲醇混合均匀，水浴加热到30℃，以30Hz的超声波提提取25min，过滤，得滤液和药渣，备用；减压回收滤液中的甲醇获得浓缩液，将浓缩液稀20倍，制得生物碱提取液。
S7、混合：将浸提液A、浸提液B以及复合提取物混合，过滤离心分离，去除杂质，在30-40℃下搅拌处理20-30min后，减压浓缩至膏状，即得茶油提取物。其中，复合提取物为茶多酚、迷迭香提取物、竹叶抗氧化剂和葡萄籽提取物中的任意一种或多种的组合物，并且复合提取物在添加前均进行脱色处理。
该得到的茶油提取物可作为化妆品基质或添加剂。
实施例2
本发明实施例公开了一种抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、山茶籽选取，选取优良山茶籽，剔除坏籽、不良品；
S2、清理除杂，将选取好的山茶籽进行清洗除杂；
S3、干燥脱壳，将山茶籽通过烘干机烘干，并进入脱壳机中进行脱壳；
S4、粉碎：将脱壳后的山茶籽粉碎成粉末，加入其质量35％的处理液混匀，压实后，先在低温环境冷藏处理11h，然后采用高温蒸汽处理25min，冷却，制得茶籽粉；其中，低温环境是指-4℃；高温蒸汽为200℃蒸汽；处理液的原料组成按重量份数包括11w％酒石酸钾、9w％碳酸氢钠、0.2w％甘露醇以及9w％骨粉；
S5、一次浸提：将茶籽粉与有机酸提取液混合，在40-45℃水浴提取1-1.5h，过滤，得浸提液A以及滤渣A；其中，茶籽粉与有机酸提取液按1:3的质量比混合；有机酸提取液按重量份计由以下原料制成：7份杜仲叶、4份酢浆草、9份柳树叶、4份喜树叶、3份五味子、6份柠檬皮、6份马齿笕；有机酸提取液的制备方法为：将各原料混合粉碎，加8倍80％乙醇混合均匀，以40Hz的超声波提取10min，过滤，得滤液和药渣，备用；减压回收滤液中的乙醇获得浓缩液，将浓缩液稀20倍，制得有机酸提取液。
S6、二次浸提：向滤渣A中加入生物碱提取液混合，在30-40℃水浴提取2-3h后，利用压滤机压滤，制得浸提液B；其中，滤渣A中加入生物碱提取液按1:5的质量比混合；生物碱提取液按重量份计由以下原料制成：4份油茶叶、9份麻黄、10份黄连、4份莨菪、4份厚朴、8份钩藤、15份博落回；生物碱提取液的制备方法为：将各原料混合粉碎，加8倍80％甲醇混合均匀，水浴加热到40℃，以40Hz的超声波提提取25min，过滤，得滤液和药渣，备用；减压回收滤液中的甲醇获得浓缩液，将浓缩液稀20倍，制得生物碱提取液。
S7、混合：将浸提液A、浸提液B以及复合提取物混合，过滤离心分离，去除杂质，在40℃下搅拌处理30min后，减压浓缩至膏状，即得茶油提取物。其中，复合提取物为茶多酚、迷迭香提取物、竹叶抗氧化剂和葡萄籽提取物中的任意一种或多种的组合物，并且复合提取物在添加前均进行脱色处理。
该得到的茶油提取物可作为化妆品基质或添加剂。
急性经口实验：
本发明的茶油提取物给小鼠灌胃，观察7天，对小鼠的LD50>25.0g/kg，是临床推荐剂量的90倍(儿童临床推荐剂量0.25g/kg)，小鼠以45.0g/kg，容积为30ml/kg灌胃，灌胃后受试小鼠活动自如，12小时后出现活动减少，12小时后无1只小鼠死亡，全部实验小鼠毛紧贴身，有光泽，饮食、粪便及其它情况均无异常。7天后受试动物体重均有增加。根据临床观察结果及急毒实验结果，证明该茶油提取物质量是安全的。
皮肤致敏实验：
选取白豚鼠12只，体重(180±30)g，为清洁级(II级)；背部两侧剃毛，硫化钠快速脱毛，温水冲水干净，待皮肤干燥后，涂抹甘油；24h后，开始涂覆茶油提取物；去毛区皮肤无损伤者留作完整皮肤实验组(6只)；去毛区皮肤用针头作多处“井”字形划破，且只限于划破皮肤，不伤及皮下组织，以皮肤上有出血点为度，此种皮肤有损伤的动物留作损伤皮肤实验组(6只)；每天定时涂覆茶油提取物2次，每只豚鼠背部一侧涂覆茶油提取物，另一侧对称位置涂覆空白基质；连续涂覆三天后，清洗涂覆处皮肤，观察皮肤情况，拍照；三天急性皮肤刺激实验显示，各组豚鼠外观体征、行为活动、进食、排泄均正常；无异常瘙痒行为，所有动物体重增长正常，受药部位皮肤无红斑、无水肿、无色素沉着、无出血点、无皮肤粗糙、无皮肤菲薄，未见豚鼠出现咳嗽、抽搐等过敏反应；从涂覆茶油提取物至观察期结束，全部动物情况良好，无一死亡。
试验例：本发明方法制备得到的抗氧化茶油提取物对紫外线照射下豚鼠皮肤的防护作用；
选取健康状态的60只豚鼠，随机分为三组；
A组为阴性对照组，豚鼠背部受试区不外用抗氧化茶油提取物且不照射紫外线；
B组为照射对照组，豚鼠背部受试区不外用抗氧化茶油提取物，但接受紫外线照射；
C组为外用抗氧化茶油提取物组，豚鼠背部受试区外用抗氧化茶油提取物后接受紫外线照射。
每次照射前，将豚鼠背部皮肤5cm×6cm范围内毛剃光，C组用棉棒涂抗氧化茶油提取物；将受试豚鼠放入照射箱，同时照射长波紫外线(UVA)和中波紫外线(UVB)，每周照射3次，共照射15周。
结果对比：
A组豚鼠皮肤未出现异常。
B组经紫外线照射1周后，照射部位开始出现红斑，随着照射时间的延长，红斑面积逐渐扩大并加重。
C组在照射5周后才出现红斑，且红斑面积明显小于B组。
本试验例证实本发明方法制备得到的抗氧化茶油提取物通过皮肤外用途径可用于保护皮肤免受紫外线辐射等氧化损伤，并抵抗由此引起的皮肤老化现象，具有较好的抗氧化性。
此外，本发明所提供的抗氧化茶油提取物，富含角鲨烯、茶皂素、生物碱等活性物质，稳定好，生物相容性好；将其与羧甲基纤维素、蔗糖酯混合制成护发素，具有有效修复毛鳞片，增强头发的韧性，同时具有调理秀发、滋润发丝的作用。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、山茶籽选取，选取优良山茶籽，剔除坏籽、不良品；
S2、清理除杂，将选取好的山茶籽进行清洗除杂；
S3、干燥脱壳，将山茶籽通过烘干机烘干，并进入脱壳机中进行脱壳；
S4、粉碎：将脱壳后的山茶籽粉碎成粉末，加入其质量30-40％的处理液混匀，压实后，先在低温环境冷藏处理10-12h，然后采用高温蒸汽处理20-30min，冷却，制得茶籽粉；
S5、一次浸提：将茶籽粉与有机酸提取液混合，在40-45℃水浴提取1-1.5h，过滤，得浸提液A以及滤渣A；
S6、二次浸提：向滤渣A中加入生物碱提取液混合，在30-40℃水浴提取2-3h后，利用压滤机压滤，制得浸提液B；
S7、混合：将浸提液A、浸提液B以及复合提取物混合，过滤离心分离，去除杂质，在30-40℃下搅拌处理20-30min后，减压浓缩至膏状，即得茶油提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中，所述低温环境是指-4～-2℃；所述高温蒸汽为200-220℃蒸汽。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中，处理液的原料组成包括酒石酸钾、碳酸氢钠、甘露醇以及骨粉。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S5中，茶籽粉与有机酸提取液按1:3的质量比混合。
5.根据权利要求4所述的抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S5中，有机酸提取液由以下原料制成：杜仲叶、酢浆草、柳树叶、喜树叶、五味子、柠檬皮以及马齿笕。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S6中，滤渣A中加入生物碱提取液按1:5的质量比混合。
7.根据权利要求6所述的抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S6中，生物碱提取液由以下原料制成：油茶叶、麻黄、黄连、莨菪、厚朴、钩藤以及博落回。
8.根据权利要求1所述的抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S7中，复合提取物为茶多酚、迷迭香提取物、竹叶抗氧化剂和葡萄籽提取物中的任意一种或多种的组合物，并且复合提取物在添加前均进行脱色处理。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的抗氧化茶油提取物的制备方法制得的抗氧化茶油提取物的应用，其特征在于，抗氧化茶油提取物作为化妆品基质或添加剂。
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