CN116831224A - Preparation method of fermented pennisetum sinese feed - Google Patents

Preparation method of fermented pennisetum sinese feed Download PDF

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CN116831224A
CN116831224A CN202310926492.6A CN202310926492A CN116831224A CN 116831224 A CN116831224 A CN 116831224A CN 202310926492 A CN202310926492 A CN 202310926492A CN 116831224 A CN116831224 A CN 116831224A
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feed
pennisetum hydridum
preparation
pennisetum
silage
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CN116831224B (en
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亐开兴
胡柠檬
胡映开
刘丽仙
李国涛
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Chuxiong Normal University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
    • A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
    • A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
    • A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pennisetum hydridum silage, and in particular relates to a preparation method of fermented pennisetum hydridum cattle feed, which comprises the following steps: selecting whole plants of the pennisetum hydridum in a 3-month growing period and harvesting the whole plants of the pennisetum hydridum in 200-300 cm; cutting the jujun grass into filaments with the length of 2-3 cm, and airing until the water content is 60-65%; 3% corn flour, 1% molasses and 0.3% microbial inoculum are added into each ton of crushed pennisetum hydridum according to the mass ratio, the microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing EM bacterial stock solution and armillaria mellea extract according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and then fermentation is carried out according to a conventional management method.

Description

Preparation method of fermented pennisetum sinese feed
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pennisetum hydridum silage, and particularly relates to a preparation method of fermented pennisetum hydridum cattle feed.
Background
Pasture is the basis of all ruminant diets, and thus the digestibility of pasture has significance for livestock dry matter feed intake, rumen function and productivity (raffinato et al, 2017). Studies have shown that improving the rumen fermentation capacity of high quality silage fed to livestock is as beneficial as feeding concentrate, as it can increase the energy supply of volatile fatty acids and the protein supply of microbial protein synthesis.
The pennisetum sinese (Pennisetum giganteum) is a high-quality pasture, belongs to perennial gramineous crops, and has the excellent characteristics of high growth speed, strong reproductive performance, high nutritive value, strong stress resistance and the like. The jujun grass has great potential in the aspects of ecological environment maintenance, animal husbandry development, energy development and utilization and the like, however, because of the high and firm bamboo-shaped structure, the jujun grass is difficult to silage, so that the digestion and utilization of the jujun grass feed in ruminants are reduced, and the silage research of partial jujun grass is available at present, but the effect is unsatisfactory, so that the fermentation quality of the jujun grass is further improved, and the variety of the feed of the ruminants is necessary.
Armillaria mellea Armillaria mellea (Vahl. Ex Fr.) Quel is a facultative parasitic fungus of Tricholomataceae, also a fungus for both medicine and food, also called Lentinus Edodes, quercus, etc., and its extracellular product contains various active substances, such as laccase, cellulase, and xylanase; polysaccharides: armillariella mellea polysaccharide; terpenes: aromatic acid esters of crude ibrutin sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes, etc.; phenolic compounds and their glycosides, and various amino acids and trace elements, etc., have been studied mainly at present for their medicinal effects after cultivation, extraction and separation of active ingredients.
Methane is greenhouse gas, the emission amount is less than that of carbon dioxide, but the greenhouse effect is 25 times that of the equivalent carbon dioxide, so that the radiation and the greenhouse effect can be enhanced, and methane emitted by animal husbandry each year occupies 16% of the global emission amount and is the largest methane emission source in human activities. Among them, methane emission from ruminants is about 73% of animal husbandry emission, and methane regulation and emission reduction is an important field of ruminant nutrition research. The fermentation treatment can improve the nutritive value of the feed, and reduce indigestible fibers, anti-nutritional factors, toxins and the like in the feed. The type of carbohydrate in the ration is an important factor affecting methane emissions from ruminants, which can be affected by affecting rumen pH or the type, quantity, and product of rumen microorganisms. Therefore, the nutrient structure of the feed is improved, the nutrient utilization and the nutrition regulation technology are used for effectively controlling and reducing the generation of methane gas, the feed utilization rate can be improved, the production cost is saved, the damage of methane to the atmosphere can be reduced, and the dual benefits of environment and economy are obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of fermented huge fungus grass cattle feed, which is used for improving the quality of the huge fungus grass feed and enriching animal feed sources.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a preparation method of fermented pennisetum hydridum cattle feed comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting whole plants of the pennisetum hydridum in a 3-month growing period and harvesting the whole plants of the pennisetum hydridum in 200-300 cm;
(2) Cutting the jujun grass into filaments with the length of 2-3 cm, and airing until the water content is 60-65%;
(3) Every ton of crushed pennisetum hydridum is added with 3 percent of corn flour, 1 percent of molasses and 0.3 percent of
The microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing EM bacterial stock solution and armillaria mellea A9 extracting solution according to a volume ratio of 1:1, and then silage fermentation is carried out according to a conventional management method.
Further, the corn meal is crushed and then is sieved by a 50-mesh sieve.
Further, the preparation method of the armillaria mellea A9 extract comprises the following steps: inoculating Armillariella mellea A9 into liquid fermentation medium, culturing at 25deg.C in 180r/min shaking table for 10d, taking out fermentation broth, centrifuging at 5000r/min for 20min, and removing precipitate to obtain Armillariella mellea A9 extract.
Further, the liquid fermentation medium is: 3% of potato powder, 1% of glucose, 1% of peptone, 0.1% of yeast extract and KH 2 PO 4 0.15％、MgSO 4 0.075％、CaCl 2 0.01% of vitamin B 1 0.001%, the balance deionized water, pH6.0.
The provided jujun grass feed is mainly applied to feeding of ruminants, further, the ruminants are cattle, further, the ruminants are beef cattle, and preferably, the mass ratio of the jujun grass feed to the concentrate is 6:4 when the beef cattle are fed.
The invention achieves the technical effects that:
the preparation method of the fermented huge fungus grass cattle feed provided by the invention prepares and obtains the huge fungus grass feed, has excellent sensory score and good palatability, remarkably improves the carbohydrate content of the huge fungus grass feed, and obviously reduces the daily average discharge amount of methane, improves the feed utilization rate, saves the production cost and is environment-friendly through beef cattle feeding experiments.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples, which are conducted under conventional conditions or under conditions suggested by the manufacturer, without reference to specific conditions. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Example 1
1. Silage raw material and additive
Harvesting whole jujun grass in a 3-month growth period and 200-300 cm, cutting the cut jujun grass into filaments with the length of 2-3 cm by using a forage grass hay cutter, airing until the water content is 60-65% for standby, crushing corn meal, sieving the crushed corn meal with a 50-mesh sieve for standby, and obtaining an EM bacterial stock solution with the effective microorganism content of 300 hundred million CFU/ml and purchased from Xu Zhousen field biotechnology Co., ltd; armillariella mellea A9 is purchased from the agricultural university of China strain experiment center; molasses contains 47% of sugar, and is purchased from Shandong Jinchangxin chemical engineering Co.
Preparing an armillaria mellea A9 extracting solution:
armillariella mellea slant strain is inoculated onto solid PDA (potato 200 g, glucose 20 g, agar 15 g, distilled water 1000 ml natural pH,121 deg.C sterilized for 20 min) plate, and dark culture is performed for 14d. Taking hypha with consistent growth vigor under an ultra-clean bench by using a puncher, inoculating the hypha into a liquid PDA culture medium (200 g of potato, 20 g of glucose, 1000 ml of distilled water, natural PH and sterilization at 121 ℃ for 20 min), shaking and culturing at 25 ℃ for 7d at 180r/min, collecting mycelium suspension as a liquid strain, inoculating the mycelium suspension into a liquid fermentation culture medium with an inoculum size of 10%, culturing for 10d in a shaking table at 25 ℃ at 180r/min, taking out fermentation liquor, centrifuging for 20min after 5000r/min, and removing sediment to obtain the armillaria mellea A9 extract.
Liquid fermentation medium: 3% of potato powder, 1% of glucose, 1% of peptone, 0.1% of yeast extract and KH 2 PO 4 0.15％、MgSO 4 0.075％、CaCl 2 0.01% of vitamin B 1 0.001%, and the balance deionized water, adjusting the pH of the culture solution to 6.0 with sodium hydroxide or citric acid, and sterilizing at 121deg.C for 20 min.
2. Design of experiment
3% corn flour, 1% molasses and 0.3% microbial inoculum are added into each ton of standby jujun grass according to the mass ratio, the specific arrangement is as shown in table 1, and the jujun grass is wrapped and fermented by a wrapping machine. When the molasses and the microbial inoculum are used, 10L of water is added into each ton of microbial inoculum, the molasses, the microbial inoculum and the water are uniformly mixed and then sprayed on the microbial inoculum to be fermented, and after the control group is treated by the same amount of water, the microbial inoculum is put into a polyethylene plastic bag, wrapped and sealed; each treatment group was prepared with 5 packages of 100kg each, and stored for 45 days at room temperature with reference to DB 22/T2914-2018 management method.
Table 1 test design
Treatment of
CK Equal amount of water
T1 3% corn flour and 1% molasses
T2 3% corn flour, 1% molasses and 0.3% microbial inoculum (EM bacteria stock solution)
T3 3% corn flour, 1% molasses and 0.3% microbial inoculum (EM bacteria stock solution: armillaria mellea A9 extract = 1:1)
3. Measurement index
3.1 after fermentation, carrying out sensory evaluation on a feed sample, and observing the odor, color and texture of the feed according to the sensory indexes of the odor (minute), color (minute) and texture (minute) of the rice straw silage by referring to silage quality evaluation Standard of silage sensory evaluation Standard set by German agricultural Association, wherein the superior is 30-40 minutes, good is 20-30 minutes, generally 10-20 minutes, and the difference is less than 10 minutes.
3.2 nutritional ingredient determination index and method
The determination of conventional nutrients was performed according to Meng Qingxiang et al, "Whole plant jade stock manufacture and quality evaluation", zhang Chongyu et al, "application of feed Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) and Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) quick determination method in production", comprising: dry Matter (DM), crude Protein (CP), neutral wash fiber (NDF), acid wash fiber (ADF), soluble carbohydrate (WSC), etc., crude protein was assayed using the kjeldahl method.
3.3 fermentation quality determination
Taking 20.00g of silage sample, and adding 180mL of distilled water, or the mass volume ratio of silage to water is 1:9. pulverizing with high-speed pulverizer (5000 r/min), homogenizing for 1min, filtering with four layers of gauze and qualitative filter paper, and packaging. Taking filtrate, measuring the content of organic acid (lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid) in the filtrate according to a standard DB 15/T1458-2018 method, and measuring the content of ammonia nitrogen in silage by adopting a colorimetric method, wherein the pH value is measured in time after the preparation of the leaching solution, and the organic acid and the ammonia nitrogen are measured within 24 hours after the preparation of the leaching solution.
4. Conclusion(s)
4.1 analysis of nutrient Components in Megasphaera
From Table 2, it can be seen that the pennisetum DM content is within the range of conventional silage.
TABLE 2 analysis of Megasphaera nutrition composition before treatment (Dry basis)
4.2 analysis of the sensory scores of the pennisetum hydridum fermented feeds by different treatments
As can be seen from table 3, under different treatments, the sensory average score of the treated group is significantly higher than that of the control group, the total score is significantly improved compared with the control group, which means that the corn flour and molasses are added to improve the palatability of the pennisetum hydridum silage, and the sensory total score is significantly improved after the microbial inoculum is added to the T2 and T3 compared with the control group, which means that the flora further improves the flavor, texture and palatability of the pennisetum silage.
TABLE 3 influence of different treatments on the organoleptic score of pennisetum hydridum fermented feed
Project Color Smell of Texture of Total score Grade
CK 9.37±0.52Cc 6.62±0.29Cc 5.61±0.22Cc 21.61±0.34Dd Good grade (good)
T1 9.31±0.48Cc 8.57±0.58Bb 6.51±0.51Bb 24.39±0.52Cc Good grade (good)
T2 10.52±0.40Bb 11.64±0.55Aa 7.01±0.57ABb 29.17±0.51Bb Good grade (good)
T3 11.83±0.19Aa 12.00±1.00Aa 7.85±0.27Aa 31.68±1.16Aa Excellent (excellent)
Note that: different lowercase letters indicate that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate that the difference is extremely significant (P < 0.01).
4.3 analysis of nutrient content and fermentation quality of pennisetum hydridum fermented feed by different treatment modes
As can be seen from tables 4 and 5, the NDF of the T2 group and the NDF of the T3 group are both reduced on the basis of the basic matrix, wherein the reduction of the T3 group is more remarkable, the ADF of the T3 group is remarkably reduced, the CP content of the T2 group and the CP content of the T3 group are remarkably increased, the dry matter loss amount of the T3 group is minimum, the lactic acid/acetic acid values of the T1 group, the T2 group and the T3 group are both remarkably increased, and in addition, the acrylic acid value and the ammonia nitrogen content of the T2 group and the T3 group are both remarkably reduced.
Table 4 effect of different treatments on the nutritional ingredients of pennisetum feed (dry matter basis) units: % of (B)
Project DM CP NDF ADF WSC
CK 27.78±1.48ABb 6.27±0.10Dd 73.66±0.24Aa 50.01±1.20Aa 1.95±0.05ABb
T1 28.71±0.13Bb 7.03±0.23Cc 72.59±0.40Ab 49.82±0.57Aa 1.84±0.10Bb
T2 29.08±1.21ABab 9.44±0.29Bb 71.04±0.10Cc 50.72±0.72Aa 2.20±0.40ABab
T3 30.02±0.42Aa 10.75±0.14Aa 66.18±0.72Dd 44.49±0.84Bb 2.24±0.22Aa
Note that: different lowercase letters indicate that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate that the difference is extremely significant (P < 0.01).
TABLE 5 influence of different treatments on fermentation quality of Mesona Jujunensis feed
Note that: different lowercase letters indicate that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate that the difference is extremely significant (P < 0.01).
The pH value of the silage is closely related to the quality of fermentation of the silage, and the influence on the silage quality after the microbial inoculum is added is mainly reflected in that firstly, the pH value is reduced by rapid acid production, and the fermentation speed is accelerated; and secondly, the content of a fermentation end product is changed, so that the nutrient substances of the silage are more effectively preserved. The higher concentration of lactic acid in the treatment group T3 is probably due to the fact that on one hand, the extracellular enzyme of the armillaria mellea plays a role, the enzyme hydrolyzes lignin, cellulose and the like, more usable substrates are provided for fermentation of attached lactic acid bacteria, on the other hand, corn meal and molasses also provide fermentation substrates of different component elements, after the EM bacterial liquid is added, the concentration of lactic acid is remarkably increased, the EM bacterial liquid contains various beneficial bacteria including lactic acid bacteria groups, yeast bacteria groups and the like, and sufficient substrate concentration and combination of various components can provide more sufficient material guarantee for bacterial proliferation, promote bacterial growth and propagation, and accelerate formation of mycoprotein, so that the content of CP in silage is improved.
Under the condition that only EM bacterial liquid is added, the ADF content is little in change, the NDF content is obviously reduced compared with a control, but after the armillaria mellea extract is added, the ADF and the NDF are obviously reduced, neutral washing fibers and acid washing fibers are the parts which are not easy to digest in the feed, the quality of the feed is influenced by the content of the ADF and the NDF, and the ADF and the NDF have a certain effect on the decomposition of the fibers under the condition that the EM bacterial liquid is added, so that the quality of the feed can be improved to a certain extent, but the overall quality of the feed is improved, the conversion rate of the feed in the rumen of animals is improved, and more exploration is needed.
Example 2
The experiment was carried out in a cattle farm, and 20 Siemens calves with a weight of (300+ -5) kg were randomly divided into 2 groups of 10 replicates each, 1 for each, and the T2-treated group of Jujun grass silage was fed to group A, the T3-treated group of Jujun grass silage was fed to group B, the pre-experiment was carried out for 10 days, and the experimental period was 60 days. The test fattening cattle of each treatment group are independently fed and eat and drink water freely. Raising and managing according to the raising management mode of the large-scale cattle farm, and periodically immunizing and expelling insects.
Ration ratio base ration reference NRC (2012) recommended nutrient levels for beef cattle were formulated for reference (table 6), concentrate was granulated. The feed is fed by adopting a feeding mode of first refining and then coarsening.
TABLE 6 composition and nutrient levels of ration
The concentrate consists of 70.8% of corn, 9% of distillers dried grains with corn and solubles thereof, 8% of soybean meal, 6.2% of bran, 1% of stone powder, 2% of baking soda and 3% of premix. Premix: 150000IU of vitamin A, 20000IU of vitamin D and 3000IU,Fe 3200mg,Mn 1500mg,Zn 2000mg,Cu 650mg,I 35mg,Se 10mg,Co 10mg,Ca 130g,P 30g of vitamin E.
Measurement of production performance, measurement of slaughter performance, measurement of empty stomach during the test, weighing on an empty stomach, recording the body weight at the beginning and end of the test and the feed intake during the test, measurement of growth performance indexes such as Average Daily Gain (ADG), average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI) and feed-to-weight ratio (F/G) with reference to the standard NY/T2660-2014.
Measurement of methane emission reference Liu Zhihao et al (characteristics of rumen fermentation index and methane yield for cows of different gestation periods in dry period, animal husbandry and veterinary school 2022,53 (12): 4296-4305) methane testing was performed for each experimental group using a GreenFeed measurement system.
TABLE 7 Effect of jujun grass silage feeding on bovine growth performance
Group of ADG/(kg/d) ADFI/g F/G
Group A 0.79±0.10b 6.72±0.11 6.54±0.12a
Group B 0.92±0.17a 6.84±0.36 6.15±0.11b
Note that: the same column of data shoulder marks have different letters representing significant differences (P < 0.05), and no letter representing insignificant differences (P > 0.05); the table below is the same.
TABLE 8 influence of pennisetum ensilage on bovine methane emissions
Group of Methane emission (g/d)
Group A 240.59±6.62a
Group B 167.14±7.27b
As can be seen from tables 7 and 8, the improved fermented jujun grass silage improves the average daily gain and daily feed intake of cattle, reduces the feed-to-weight ratio, improves the growth performance of the cattle, shows that the improved jujun grass silage has good quality and good palatability, and the silage after the honey fungus extract is particularly added obviously reduces the methane emission.
Methane is one of main harmful gases in a breeding environment, the harm to the environment and animals is large, methane emission of ruminants is reduced mainly by reducing the hydrogen generation amount or reducing the number of methanogens, rumen fermentation performance and the like, methane emission of ruminants can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, waste of feed energy of ruminants can be reduced, various researches on reducing methane emission exist, such as adding plant polyphenol to inhibit metabolism of methane bacteria, methane emission of the group B is reduced by 30.5% compared with that of the group A, the effect is remarkable, lignin is a main obstacle of fiber digestion because the accessibility of enzymes to cellulose and xylan is reduced, and the enzymes are adsorbed reversibly or irreversibly, so that the hydrolysis rate of structural polysaccharide is lower. In general, lignin cannot be hydrolyzed under the anaerobic condition of rumen, the digestion rate of fibers is reduced mainly through the interaction with cell wall carbohydrate, main parasitic plants of armillaria mellea are broadleaf woods arbor, extracellular enzymes of armillaria mellea contain laccase, xylanase, cellulase and other active substances which have degradation effects on lignin and cellulose, and extracellular polysaccharide, armillaria mellea acid and sesquiterpene of the armillaria mellea have medicinal effects and antibacterial effects in different directions, so that in the research, methane emission is reduced, the performance of cow rumen fermentation is improved by improving the fermented jujuga grass silage, the synthesis of propionic acid is promoted, the methane generation amount is reduced, and the number of methane bacteria is possibly inhibited by polysaccharide, laccase and other active ingredients in an armillaria mellea extract, and further analysis and research are needed.
While there has been shown and described what are at present considered to be the preferred embodiments of the invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the invention, and such changes and modifications are still considered to be the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The preparation method of the fermented pennisetum hydridum cattle feed is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Selecting whole plants of the pennisetum hydridum in a 3-month growing period and harvesting the whole plants of the pennisetum hydridum in 200-300 cm;
(2) Cutting the jujun grass into filaments with the length of 2-3 cm, and airing until the water content is 60-65%;
(3) 3% corn flour, 1% molasses and 0.3% microbial inoculum are added into each ton of crushed pennisetum hydridum according to the mass ratio, the microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing EM bacterial stock solution and armillaria mellea A9 extract according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and then silage fermentation is carried out according to a conventional management method.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the corn meal is crushed and sieved through a 50 mesh sieve.
3. The preparation method of the armillaria mellea A9 extract according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: inoculating Armillariella mellea A9 into liquid fermentation medium, culturing at 25deg.C in 180r/min shaking table for 10d, taking out fermentation broth, centrifuging at 5000r/min for 20min, and removing precipitate to obtain Armillariella mellea A9 extract.
4. A method of making according to claim 3, wherein the liquid fermentation medium is: 3% of potato powder, 1% of glucose, 1% of peptone, 0.1% of yeast extract and KH 2 PO 4 0.15％、MgSO 4 0.075％、CaCl 2 0.01% of vitamin B 1 0.001%, the balance deionized water, pH6.0.
5. Use of the pennisetum feed prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-4 in ruminant feeding.
6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the ruminant is a bovine.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the ruminant is a beef cattle.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of the jujun grass feed to the concentrate is 6:4 when feeding beef cattle.
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CN114586890A (en) * 2022-03-28 2022-06-07 福建农林大学 Method for preparing composite flora feed by utilizing juncao
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CN101708031A (en) * 2009-12-07 2010-05-19 浙江省农业科学院 Method for producing anti-stress growth promoting fodder additive
CN102599370A (en) * 2012-03-16 2012-07-25 何寒 Method for preparing pork pig feed by taking pennisetum hydridum as main raw material
CN106879821A (en) * 2017-01-11 2017-06-23 黄吉森 The method that Jujun grasses fermentation prepares cattle and sheep and Feeds of vegetarian
CN114586890A (en) * 2022-03-28 2022-06-07 福建农林大学 Method for preparing composite flora feed by utilizing juncao
CN115024388A (en) * 2022-07-04 2022-09-09 广西满意宝农牧科技有限公司 Silage containing microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof

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