CN116815168A - 一种无镍型化学镀铜液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种无镍型化学镀铜液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116815168A CN116815168A CN202310842079.1A CN202310842079A CN116815168A CN 116815168 A CN116815168 A CN 116815168A CN 202310842079 A CN202310842079 A CN 202310842079A CN 116815168 A CN116815168 A CN 116815168A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plating solution
- copper
- electroless nickel
- nickel plating
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 hydantoin compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical group N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940091173 hydantoin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGWULZWUXSCWPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfanylideneimidazolidin-4-one Chemical compound O=C1CNC(=S)N1 UGWULZWUXSCWPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NMLKSJBMJPENCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+](C(C=C1)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1N(C=C1)C=CC1=C(C=C1)C=CN1C(C=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1)=C1[N+]([O-])=O)=O.Cl.Cl Chemical compound [O-][N+](C(C=C1)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1N(C=C1)C=CC1=C(C=C1)C=CN1C(C=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1)=C1[N+]([O-])=O)=O.Cl.Cl NMLKSJBMJPENCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XGPFPXALZVOKRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-3-phenyl-2-sulfanylideneimidazolidin-4-one Chemical compound O=C1C(C)NC(=S)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 XGPFPXALZVOKRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CCN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000276 potassium ferrocyanide Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound [B].CNC RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJMZMZRCABDKKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonocyanidic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C#N HJMZMZRCABDKKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical group [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940074439 potassium sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000011006 sodium potassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UWTATZPHSA-N (R)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UWTATZPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOHNSECEKFOVGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CCCCN1CC(=O)NC1=O NOHNSECEKFOVGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQQLZADYSWBCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1NC(=O)NC1=O DQQLZADYSWBCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIROYDNZEPTFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-Dimethylhydantoin Chemical compound CC1(C)NC(=O)NC1=O YIROYDNZEPTFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical class NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RKAHSAWADCFIMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(N)=S.C1=CN=CN=C1 Chemical compound NC(N)=S.C1=CN=CN=C1 RKAHSAWADCFIMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium salicylate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical class B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940001468 citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MPTQRFCYZCXJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cu+2] MPTQRFCYZCXJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZQLBQWDYEGOYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;disulfamate Chemical compound [Cu+2].NS([O-])(=O)=O.NS([O-])(=O)=O ZQLBQWDYEGOYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSDISUOETYTPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dmdm hydantoin Chemical compound CC1(C)N(CO)C(=O)N(CO)C1=O WSDISUOETYTPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003681 gluconolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical class O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002523 polyethylene Glycol 1000 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium ethoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC[O-] RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013097 stability assessment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZEMGGZBWXRYJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiouracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=S)N1 ZEMGGZBWXRYJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000329 thiouracil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
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Abstract
本发明涉及化学镀铜技术领域,具体涉及H05K3/18,更具体地,本发明涉及一种无镍型化学镀铜液及其制备方法。无镍型化学镀铜液,其成分包括铜离子源、稳定剂、还原剂、络合剂、加速剂。本发明提供的无镍型化学镀铜液,化学镀铜液中不含镍元素,不含毒性且环保,解决了含镍铜废液污染环境的问题,同时降低了废水处理成本。同时可高稳定连续地进行化学镀铜,镀层外观粉亮,镀层性能较好,抗剥离强度达行业标准,背光等级可达9级以上,沉铜速率均达行业标准。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化学镀铜技术领域,具体涉及H05K3/18,更具体地,本发明涉及一种无镍型化学镀铜液及其制备方法。
背景技术
化学镀铜为通过催化化学还原反应,将铜离子连续地还原成铜在板面上形成致密、连续的导电铜层。然而目前的化学镀铜液中为了提高镀铜速率,均会添加一定含量的镍,然而镍不仅对身体造成危害,同时不利于环保。并且在镀铜液中一旦不添加镍,则沉铜速率则显著降低,且存在高频高速高纵横比板材沉铜工艺的技术难题。
中国专利CN 107460461 A提供了一种化学镀铜溶液,然而其稳定剂由硫脲嘧啶、联吡啶和四氰基镍(II)酸钾水合物组成,其还是含有镍,对环境保护具有一定的负向影响,其沉铜速率、背光等级和铜液稳定性也还需进一步提高,且一旦该专利中一旦四氰基镍(II)酸钾水合物不添加,则又会使得镀液的稳定性差,使得镀液的稳定性以及沉铜速率无法达到较好的平衡。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的一些问题,本发明第一个方面提供了一种无镍型化学镀铜液,其成分包括铜离子源、稳定剂、还原剂、络合剂、加速剂。
在一种实施方式中,所述稳定剂为含氮五元环和/或具有联吡啶结构的含氮六元环。
优选的,所述具有联吡啶结构的含氮六元环为紫精化合物,结构如(Ⅰ)所示,
其中,R1和R2独立为C、O、N、S中至少一种原子基团组成的群组。
优选的,所述R1和R2独立选自C1-5的烷基、中任一种,其中,R8、R9和R10独立为烷基取代或未取代的含氧和/或含氮基团。
优选的,R8、R9和R10独立为羧基、硝基。
本发明C1-5的烷基可以列举的有甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、异丙基等等。
优选的,所述含氮五元环为乙内酰脲化合物,结构如(II)所示,
其中,R3、R4、R5和R6独立为含C、H、N、S、O中至少一种原子基团中组成的群组,R7为含S、N、O中至少一种原子基团中组成的群组。
优选的,R5和R6独立为C1-5烷基、H、C1-3羧基中任一种。
优选的,R3为H、C1-5羟基、C1-5烷基、苯基中任一种。
在一种实施方式中,含氮五元环选自5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲1,3-二羟甲基-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲/>1-N-丁基乙内酰脲2-硫代乙内酰脲/>苯基硫代乙内酰脲—丙氨酸/>乙内酰脲-5-乙酸/>中一种或多种。
优选的,所述具有联吡啶结构的含氮六元环选自二氯化-1,1,一二(4-羧基-苯亚甲基)-4,4,-联吡啶乙基紫精二溴化物二溴化-1,1,一二(3,4-二羧基-苯亚甲基)-4,4联吡啶
1,1'-双(2,4-二硝基苯基)-4,4'-二氯化联吡啶中一种或多种。
在一种实施方式中,所述稳定剂为1,1'-双(2,4-二硝基苯基)-4,4'-二氯化联吡啶和2-硫代乙内酰脲,重量比为1:(1-3),优选重量比为1:2。
在一种实施方式中,所述稳定剂为1,1'-双(2,4-二硝基苯基)-4,4'-二氯化联吡啶和苯基硫代乙内酰脲—丙氨酸,重量比为(0.5-2.5):(1.5-3.5),可以列举的有1:2,0.5:2,1.5:2,2.5:2,1.5:1.5,1.5:2.5,1.5:3.5等。
在一种实施方式中,所述稳定剂为1,1'-双(2,4-二硝基苯基)-4,4'-二氯化联吡啶、2-硫代乙内酰脲和苯基硫代乙内酰脲—丙氨酸,重量比为(1-1.5):(0.5-3):(1-3),可以列举的有1:2:2,1.5:0.5:2.5。
在一种实施方式中,所述稳定剂为1,1'-双(2,4-二硝基苯基)-4,4'-二氯化联吡啶和2-硫代乙内酰脲,重量比为1:(1-3),优选重量比为1:2。
化学镀铜液的稳定性及沉铜速率是评定化学镀液中的关键指标,不仅影响镀层效果,还影响着槽液的寿命。行业中通过专密配方的稳定剂,同时添加镍含量相进行组合,从而提高化学镀铜液的稳定性和速率,改善镀层的性能。但是,镍对人体健康有一定的伤害,皮肤与镍接触会造成皮炎、过敏等症状,长期接触会导致致癌。除此之外,镍对环保方面也有一定的损害,欧盟在早期已完成立法程序,全面禁止镍的使用。镍存在于镀液中对沉铜废液的处理也造成了很大的难度,增加了废水处理的费用。所以,无镍型化学镀铜技术深受人们的关注与研究,然而无镍型化学镀铜往往存在着沉铜速率较低、高频高速高纵横比板材沉铜工艺中有技术困难等问题。
现有技术中,无镍性镀铜液的沉铜速率只有0.3μm/15min左右,而本发明通过控制添加稳定剂,包括特定的紫精化合物和/或乙内酰脲化合物,结合本发明中表面活性剂等其他的成分,不仅使得铜液分解时间高于550min,同时沉铜速率高于0.7μm/15min,可能的原因是黄精化合物以及乙内酰脲化合物中含氮杂环以及合适的基团改变的活化剂表面的双电子层结构,其使得在镀铜过程中甲醛等还原剂更容易被活化,而在镀铜之前的镀液本体体系中,反而会阻碍甲醛等的活化。
在一种实施方式中,所述稳定剂在无镍型化学镀铜液的浓度为1-50ppm。
在一种实施方式中,所述加速剂在在无镍型化学镀铜液的浓度为1-100ppm。
此外,本发明化学镀铜液不含有镍,避免了镍元素的参与导致的镀液凝胶现象。
本发明所述铜离子源不作特别限定,本领域技术人员可作常规选择,可以列举的有五水硫酸铜、二水合氯化铜、醋酸铜、硝酸铜、氢氧化铜、碱式碳酸铜、氨基磺酸铜等。
本发明所述络合剂不作特别限定,本领域技术人员可作常规选择,可以列举的有酒石酸钾钠、酒石酸钠、水杨酸钠、柠檬酸盐、乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA·2Na)、喷替酸(DTPA)、次氮基乙酸(NTA)及其碱金属盐、葡萄糖酸、葡萄糖酸盐、三乙醇胺、改性乙二胺等。
本发明所述还原剂不作特别限定,本领域技术人员可作常规选择,可以列举的有甲醛、甲醛衍生物,如多聚甲醛,硼氢化物等;硼氢化物,如硼氢化钠取代物等;硼烷,如二甲胺硼烷(DMAB)等;次磷酸盐及其盐,如次磷酸钠等;对苯二酚、儿茶酚、间苯二酚以及没食子酸等。
本发明所述加速剂不作特别限定,本领域技术人员可作常规选择,可以列举的有亚铁氰化钾、硫脲、硫脲嘧啶、四羟丙基乙二胺、三乙醇胺、葡萄糖、山梨糖醇、纤维素、蔗糖、甘露糖醇和葡糖酸内脂、D型苹果酸、水杨酸、对苯二酚、邻苯二酚等。
在一种实施方式中,所述加速剂为硫脲、四羟丙基乙二胺和亚铁氰化钾,重量比为1:(2-4):(5-8),优选重量比为1:3:6。
本发明所述pH不作特别限定,本领域技术人员可作常规选择,例如无机碱、有机碱、无机酸、有机酸等。
本发明所述无机碱可以列举的有氢氧化钠、碳酸钠,氢氧化钾等,有机碱可以列举的有甲醇钠、乙醇钾、叔丁醇钾等;无机酸可以列举的有硫酸、盐酸等;有机酸可以列举的有醋酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸等。
在一种实施方式中,所述无镍型化学镀铜液还包括直链烷基苯磺酸盐和/或环氧乙烷水解产物的聚合物。
优选的,所述直链烷基苯磺酸盐的碳原子数大于15。
优选的,所述直链烷基苯磺酸盐为十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
优选的,所述环氧乙烷水解产物的聚合物的重均分子量大于等于1000。
优选的,所述环氧乙烷水解产物的聚合物为聚乙二醇。
优选的,所述无镍化学镀铜液在30-35℃的条件下,pH范围为11-13,更优选pH为12-13。
本发明第二个方面提供了一种所述无镍型化学镀铜液的制备方法,将各成分混合即得。
本发明第三个方面提供了一种使用所述无镍型化学镀铜液的沉铜工艺,包括镀件刷磨清洗—膨松—除胶—预中和—中和—整孔—微蚀—预浸—活化—还原—沉铜等工艺流程。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果:
本发明提供的无镍型化学镀铜液,化学镀铜液中不含镍元素,不含毒性且环保,解决了含镍铜废液污染环境的问题,同时降低了废水处理成本。同时可高稳定连续地进行化学镀铜,镀层外观粉亮,镀层性能较好,抗剥离强度达行业标准,背光等级可达9级以上,沉铜速率均达行业标准。
附图说明
图1-14分别为实施例1-14所述的无镍型化学镀铜液(基板为S1000-2M)的背光图;
图15-28为实施例1-14所述的化学镀铜液(基板为KB-6160板)的背光图。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式说明本发明,但不局限于以下给出的具体实施例。
实施例1-14
本发明的实施例1-14分别提供了一种无镍型化学镀铜液,分别得到沉铜浴1-14具体成分见表1。
表1
实施例1-14无镍型化学镀铜液的制备方法如下:
在烧杯中依次加入对应量的酒石酸钾钠、NaOH,并添加500mL的蒸馏水溶解,得A液;另取一烧杯依次加入相对应量的五水合硫酸铜、加入200mL蒸馏水溶解混合,再添加11mL37%甲醛,得B液;再取一烧杯依次加入实验中所相对量的硫脲、四羟丙基乙二胺、亚铁氰化钾、PEG-1000、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、1,1'-双(2,4-二硝基苯基)-4,4'-二氯化联吡啶、2-硫代乙内酰脲和苯基硫代乙内酰脲—丙氨酸,并添加200mL的蒸馏水进行溶解,得C液。将A、B、C依次按顺序混合,并用蒸馏水定容至1L,并用pH计调节镀铜液至13。
在无镍型化学镀铜液的制备过程中,严格根据表1中的成分进行添加,若添加某物质的含量为0,则不需要加入该物质。
沉铜速率性能评估:
分别使用实施例1-14的化学镀铜液镀铜,在完成化学镀铜铜工序后,对树脂板的沉铜速率进行计算,计算公式如下:
V为沉铜厚度,单位μm;M1和M2分别为沉铜前和沉铜后的质量,单位为g;ρ为铜的密度,8.9g/cm3;S为板表面积,单位为cm2。
其中化学镀铜工序如下:
(1)将待镀件在80℃,240L的膨松剂(SCC-A01H,广东硕成科技有限公司)处理6min,接着在室温下自来水冲洗1min;
(2)将待镀件放置于80℃,550L除胶剂(SCC-A02,广东硕成科技有限公司)中处理12min,接着在室温下自来水中冲洗1min;
(3)将待镀件放置于30℃的预中和剂(硫酸/双氧水体系,广东硕成科技有限公司)中处理1min,接着在室温下自来水中冲洗1min;
(4)将待镀件放置于50℃中和剂(SCC-A03H,广东硕成科技有限公司)中处理1min,之后在室温下自来水中冲洗1min;
(5)在室温下称量待镀件的重量,记录为m1,然后将待镀件放置于50℃调整剂(SCC-A04H,广东硕成科技有限公司)中处理1min,接着在室温下自来水中冲洗1min;
(6)将待镀件放置于50℃活化液(SCC-A06H,广东硕成科技有限公司)中处理45s,接着在室温下自来水中浸泡1min;
(7)将待镀件放置于35℃,180L还原剂(SCC-A07H,广东硕成科技有限公司)中处理35s;
(8)将待镀件放于温度为33℃的镀铜液中进行化学沉铜30min,之后用流动的自来水冲洗沉铜板4min,然后用吹风筒干燥每个沉铜板,对于沉铜完毕的基板再在室温下称量重量,并记录为m2。
实施例1-14的测试结果如表2:(使用待镀件S1000-2M、KB6160作为沉铜速率基板)
从表2的测试结果中可知,添加本发明中的稳定剂,可以显著提高沉铜速率。背光等级性能评估:
从每个板切割的孔壁中挑选出多个1mm厚的侧面切片,每个基板的切片放在金相光学显微镜下观察,放大倍数为50X。沉积铜膜的质量在显微镜下通过光照测定,采用欧洲背光分级表测定通孔壁覆膜厚度。背光数值显示本发明的还原组合物对背光的影响。
背光等级判别标准为:1级:透光,透光区大于90%;2级:透光,80%<透光区≤90%;3级:透光,70%<透光区≤80%;4级:透光,60%<透光区≤70%;5级:透光,50%<透光区≤60%;6级:暗光,40%<可见光区≤50%,纤维状清晰;7级:暗光,30%<可见光区≤40%,暗光呈纤维状;8级:暗光,20%<可见光区≤30%,部分暗光初呈纤维状;8.5级:暗光,10%<可见光区≤20%,始见<10点散状分布暗光;9级:暗光,5%<可见光区≤10%,始见<5散状分布暗光;9.5级:暗光,1%<可见光区≤5%,始见<2点散状分布暗光;10级:全黑。
实施例1-14测试结果如表3:
表3
其中,图1-14分别为实施例1-14所述的无镍型化学镀铜液(基板为S1000-2M)的背光图;图15-28为实施例1-14所述的化学镀铜液(基板为KB-6160板)的背光图。
从表3的测试结果中可知,添加本发明中的稳定剂,背光等级可达9级以上。
化学镀铜液稳定性评估
分别将实施例1-14得到的化学镀铜液置于烧杯中,每100ml化学镀铜液加入20mL浓度为0.18g/L的氯化钯溶液进行催化分解反应,并记录开始分解时间,测试结果如表4。
表4
从表4的测试结果中可知,添加本发明中的稳定剂,显著提高了铜液的稳定性。
抗剥离强度评估
根据沉铜速率测试中镀铜方法完成化学镀铜前工序后,将S1000-2M板面进行以下步骤:(1)清水洗净;
(2)除油除去表面油脂;
(3)使用哈林槽进行电镀铜,电镀厚度至25um,并吹干洗净;
(4)放进120℃烘箱烘烤2h;
(5)烘烤结束后,在板面上用划刀划出2cm*10cm的铜箔长条,并撕开小口;(6)放进岛津Auto Graph AGS-X系列试验机使用20mm/min的速度进行测试。测试结果见表5。
表5
从表5的测试结果中可知,添加本发明中的稳定剂,抗剥离强度达行业标准。
Claims (10)
1.一种无镍型化学镀铜液,其特征在于,其成分包括铜离子源、稳定剂、还原剂、络合剂、加速剂,所述稳定剂为含氮五元环和/或具有联吡啶结构的含氮六元环。
2.根据权利要求1所述无镍型化学镀铜液,其特征在于,所述具有联吡啶结构的含氮六元环为紫精化合物,结构如(Ⅰ)所示,
其中,R1和R2独立为C、O、N、S中至少一种原子基团组成的群组。
3.根据权利要求2所述无镍型化学镀铜液,其特征在于,所述R1和R2独立选自C1-5的烷基、中任一种,其中,R8、R9和R10独立为烷基取代或未取代的含氧和/或含氮基团。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述无镍型化学镀铜液,其特征在于,所述含氮五元环为乙内酰脲化合物,结构如(II)所示,其中,R3、R4、R5和R6独立为含C、H、N、S、O中至少一种原子基团组成的群组,R7为含S、N、O中至少一种原子基团组成的群组。
5.根据权利要求4所述无镍型化学镀铜液,其特征在于,R5和R6独立为C1-5烷基、H、C1-3羧基中任一种。
6.根据权利要求4所述无镍型化学镀铜液,其特征在于,R3为H、C1-5羟基、C1-5烷基、苯基中任一种。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述无镍型化学镀铜液,其特征在于,所述无镍型化学镀铜液还包括直链烷基苯磺酸盐和/或环氧乙烷水解产物的聚合物。
8.根据权利要求7所述无镍型化学镀铜液,其特征在于,所述无镍化学镀铜液在30-35℃的条件下,pH范围为11-13。
9.根据权利要求5-8任一项所述无镍型化学镀铜液,其特征在于,所述稳定剂在无镍型化学镀铜液的浓度为1-30ppm。
10.一种根据权利要求1-9任一项所述无镍型化学镀铜液的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:将各成分混合即得。
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