CN116784092A - Anti-jamming automatic tray taking device and anti-jamming automatic tray taking method of sunflower harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-jamming automatic tray taking device and an anti-jamming automatic tray taking method for an edible sunflower harvester, which belong to the technical field of edible sunflower harvesting and can solve the technical problems that an automatic harvester header is high in missing rate, an edible sunflower tray is easy to jam and the like.

Description

Anti-jamming automatic tray taking device and anti-jamming automatic tray taking method of sunflower harvester

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of sunflower harvesting, and particularly relates to an anti-jamming automatic tray taking device and an anti-jamming automatic tray taking method of a sunflower harvester.

Background

The edible sunflower, abbreviated as "sunflower feed", has drought tolerance, salt and alkali tolerance, strong characteristic such as adaptability, mainly distributes in regions such as inner Mongolia, xinjiang, gansu, northeast, the plant moisture content is higher when eating sunflower results, if directly results, is difficult to clean and store when the results, still needs the manual work to dry in the sun or dry after the results, therefore peasant household is at the general leading sunning link of results, adopts the disk technology of inserting of three sword one to carry out the sun-curing of sunflower dish, so called three sword one to insert to mean: the first knife cuts off the oblique stubble of the sunflower straw at a height of about 70-100 cm away from the ground surface, the fracture is an inclined plane, the last tray is convenient to insert, after the dropped sunflower tray is received, the second knife cuts off the straw on the back of the sunflower tray, the third knife cuts off the residual protruding part and the residual small part of the straw on the back of the sunflower tray, the first knife inserts the cut sunflower tray seeds upwards on the straw which is not cut down by the first knife, and at the moment, the sunflower tray is at a height of about 70-100 cm away from the ground surface, and the harvesting operation can be started after the sunflower tray is aired for 7-10 days under good weather.

In the harvesting process, the harvesting quantity directly influences the final income, is one of the most concerned problems of farmers, has low level of mechanized operation of the edible sunflower in China at present, is not complete in automatic cutting table technology, is mainly used for taking off the sunflower discs which are inserted and aired by manually replacing a cutting table and putting the sunflower discs into a seed extractor, and threshing and cleaning are completed in the edible sunflower seed extractor, and the harvesting mode generally requires 6-8 people to carry out disc-taking operation in front of the machine, so that the labor intensity is high, the operation efficiency is low, the production cost is high, and the sustainable development of the edible sunflower industry is restricted. There are also harvesters on the market that can accomplish automatic tray taking operation in the field, when this model is got the tray operation, the straw that has got the tray can take place the slope under the machine forward effort, inclination is 50 ~ 80, and the straw after the slope can topple down the straw of next plant area sunflower dish, leads to the sunflower dish to leak to gather, after accomplishing the tray operation, the sunflower dish is piled up on the header easily and is crowded, need periodic cleaning, has influenced harvesting volume and work efficiency, leads to using very little in production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the invention provides an anti-jamming automatic tray taking device and method for a sunflower harvester, which aims to solve the technical problems that a harvesting table of the harvester is high in missed harvesting rate, a sunflower tray is easy to jam and the like.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an anti-jamming automatic tray taking device of an sunflower harvester comprises an anti-jamming thumb wheel (5), a tray unit (8), a rotary knife (6) and a one-way check switch (7) arranged on the tray unit (8);

the anti-jamming shifting wheel (5), the tray unit (8) and the rotary knife (6) are sequentially arranged at the front part of the cutting table (1) from top to bottom, the one-way check switch (7), the rotary knife (6) and the anti-jamming shifting wheel (5) are sequentially arranged at the front part of the cutting table (1) from front to back, the tray unit (8) is horizontally and horizontally arranged in parallel in multiple groups at the front part of the cutting table (1), the distance of each group is 200-260 cm, the gap of each group is 50-100 mm, the anti-jamming shifting wheel (5) and the rotary knife (6) are transversely arranged at the front part of the cutting table (1) and fixedly connected to the cutting table side plates (3) at two sides of the cutting table (1), one side of the one-way check switch (7) is fixed at the position of 30-50 cm away from the cutting table (1) at the side of the tray unit (8), and the other side of the one-way check switch (7) is fixed at the position of 30-50 cm away from the cutting table (1) at the side of the adjacent tray unit (8);

the anti-jamming shifting wheel (5) comprises an anti-jamming shifting wheel shaft (4-2) and anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheets (5-1), wherein multiple groups of anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheets (5-1) are arranged in parallel in the axial direction of the anti-jamming shifting wheel shaft (4-2), the distance of each group is 200-260 cm, the number of the anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheets (5-1) of each group is 3-5, the anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheets (5-1) are uniformly distributed in the radial direction of the shaft, and the anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheets (5-1) are rectangular plates made of rubber materials;

the tray unit (8) comprises a tray (8-1), a blade handle impurity removing blade (8-2) and a supporting rib plate (8-3), wherein the length and the width of the tray (8-1) are 120cm and 15cm respectively, the front end of the tray is V-shaped, the V-shaped angle is 25-50 degrees, the included angle is a round angle, the edges of V-shaped areas on the two sides and the front are bent upwards, the blade handle impurity removing blade (8-2) is fixed on the two sides of the front section of the tray (8-1), and the supporting rib plate (8-3) is positioned below the tray (8-1) and is vertically fixed with the tray (8-1);

the rotary knife (6) comprises a rotary knife shaft (4-6) and rotary blades (6-1), wherein the rotary blades (6-1) are arranged in parallel in the axial direction of the rotary knife shaft (4-6), the distance between each group is 200-260 cm, the number of the rotary blades (6-1) in each group is 3-5, the rotary blades (6-1) are uniformly distributed in the radial direction of the shaft, and the rotary blades (6-1) are 2-5 mm thick steel plates;

the unidirectional check switch (7) comprises a stop block (7-1), a check U-shaped plate (7-2), a pin shaft (7-3), a pin shaft base (7-4) and a spring (7-5), wherein the stop block (7-1) is triangular, is fixed at a position, which is 30-50 cm away from the cutting table (1), on one side of the tray (8-1), of the pin shaft base (7-4) and is formed by two steel plates with round holes in the middle, is fixed at a position, which is 30-50 cm away from the cutting table (1), on one side of the adjacent tray (8-1), the check U-shaped plate (7-2) is a U-shaped bending plate, one side of the check U-shaped plate is fixed between the two pin shaft bases (7-4) through the pin shaft (7-3), the other side of the check U-shaped plate is in contact with the stop block (7-1) under the action of spring tension, and the spring (7-5) is fixed in a U-shaped area of the check U-shaped plate (7-2) through the pin shaft (7-3).

In the device, the thickness of the blade handle impurity removing blade (8-2) is 2-5 mm, the included angle between the lower surface and the horizontal surface is 20-45 degrees, and the horizontal length is 20-50 cm.

In the device, the rotary blade (6-1) is M-shaped, saw teeth are arranged on the inner side of the M-shaped blade, and the M-shaped blade is positioned below the gap between two adjacent tray units (8).

The invention also provides an anti-jamming automatic disc taking method for the sunflower seeds, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, guiding alignment and centralization, wherein the sunflower plants with the sunflower discs at the top ends move towards the cutting table along the gap of the tray unit (8) under the centralization and guidance of the V-shaped diversion mechanism at the front end of the tray (8-1);

step 2, cutting the petioles, namely after the sunflower plants are guided to the gap, separating and cutting a part of the petioles close to the sunflower disc or higher than the sunflower disc by petiole impurity-removing cutters (8-2) on two sides of the tray (8-1), and dropping the cut petioles to the ground surface;

step 3, automatically taking out the tray and breaking off the straw, wherein the straw below the straw is contacted with a rotary knife (6) after passing through a one-way check switch (7), the straw is separated from the tray under the non-return action of the one-way check switch (7) above the straw, the rotary pull force of the rotary knife (6) and the forward acting force of the machine, the straw is broken off by the rotary knife (6), and the broken straw falls to the ground surface;

and 4, anti-jamming, pushing the separated sunflower discs to an anti-jamming shifting wheel (5) by the next sunflower straw, shifting to a conveying belt (2) under the low-speed rotation of the anti-jamming shifting wheel (5), and completing harvesting operation.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

through the implementation of the technical scheme, the anti-jamming automatic tray taking device is installed or modified on the sunflower harvester, the technical problems that the sunflower tray is high in missing rate, the sunflower tray is jammed and the like when the harvester is used for harvesting on the market at present can be solved, the one-time harvesting of the sunflower harvester is realized, the tray taking, threshing, cleaning and other procedures can be completed in the field at one time, 6-8 people are saved, the working efficiency is improved, the layout is reasonable, the safety coefficient is high, the tray taking device can be matched with the existing combine harvester and the backpack sunflower thresher for use, the application range is wide, the popularization is strong, and the tray taking device is suitable for large-area field operation.

Drawings

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and friendship effects of the present invention more clear, the following more clear and complete description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an isometric structural view of a sunflower harvesting header of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the sunflower harvesting header of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side partial cross-sectional view of the sunflower harvesting header of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the drive reversing mechanism of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the tray unit.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an anti-congestion thumbwheel structure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a rotary knife structure.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a one-way check switch structure, a being an enlarged partial cross-sectional view.

Symbol description:

1. header, 2 conveyer belt, 3 header curb plate, 4 drive reversing mechanism, 4-1 power shaft, 4-2 anti-jamming shifting wheel axle, 4-3 reversing mechanism driving wheel axle, 4-4 reversing mechanism driven wheel axle, 4-5 reversing gear, 4-6 rotary cutter axle, 5 anti-jamming shifting wheel, 5-1 anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheet, 6 rotary cutter, 6-1 rotary blade, 7-one-way check switch, 7-1 check block, 7-2 check U-shaped plate, 7-3 pin axle, 7-4 pin axle base, 7-5 spring, 8-tray unit, 8-1 tray, 8-2 blade handle impurity removing cutter, 8-3 support rib plate.

Detailed Description

One embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiment.

The whole machine structure, as shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the anti-jamming automatic tray taking device of the sunflower harvester comprises a header (1), a conveying belt (2), a header side plate (3), a transmission reversing mechanism (4), an anti-jamming deflector wheel (5), a rotary knife (6), a one-way check switch (7) and a tray unit (8), wherein the conveying belt (2) is positioned inside the header (1), the header side plate (3) is positioned at two sides of the header (1), the transmission reversing mechanism (4) is fixed on the header side plate (3) at one side, the anti-jamming deflector wheel (5) and the rotary knife (6) are fixed on the header side plates (3) at two sides, the anti-jamming thumb wheel (5) and the rotary knife (6) are transversely arranged at the front part of the cutting table (1), one side of the one-way check switch (7) is fixed at a position, which is 30-50 cm away from the cutting table (1), of the side of the tray unit (8), the other side of the one-way check switch is fixed at a position, which is 30-50 cm away from the cutting table (1), of the side of the adjacent tray unit (8), the tray units (8) are transversely arranged in parallel in a plurality of groups at the front part of the cutting table (1), the distance between each group is 200-260 cm, the gap between each group is 50-100 mm, and the anti-jamming thumb wheel (5), the tray unit (8) and the rotary knife (6) are sequentially arranged at the front part of the cutting table (1) from top to bottom The rotary knife (6) and the anti-jamming thumb wheel (5) are arranged in the front of the header (1) from front to back in sequence.

Transmission reversing mechanism (4), as shown in fig. 4, the transmission reversing mechanism (4) includes: the automatic disc taking device comprises a power shaft (4-1), a congestion-proof driving wheel shaft (4-2), a reversing mechanism driving wheel shaft (4-3), a reversing mechanism driven wheel shaft (4-4), reversing gears (4-5) and a rotary cutter shaft (4-6), wherein the rotation direction of the power shaft (4-1) is anticlockwise, power is transmitted to the reversing mechanism driving wheel shaft (4-3) through a chain, under the meshing rotation of the two reversing gears (4-5), the reversing mechanism driven wheel shaft (4-4) finishes the change of the rotation direction, at the moment, the reversing mechanism driven wheel shaft (4-4) rotates clockwise, 2 chain wheels are arranged on the outer side of the reversing mechanism driven wheel shaft (4-4), and the power is transmitted to the congestion-proof driving wheel shaft (4-2) and the rotary cutter shaft (4-6) through the chain wheels and the chain, so that the power transmission of the congestion-proof automatic disc taking device is completed.

Tray unit (8) construction as shown in fig. 5, the tray unit (8) includes: the front end of the tray (8-1) is V-shaped, the V-shaped angle is 25-50 degrees, the included angle is a round angle, the front end of the tray (8-1) can be prevented from being directly inserted into the sunflower straw in the machine operation process, the sunflower straw is toppled down, V-shaped areas on two sides and the front are bent upwards, the reinforcing effect is achieved, and the phenomenon that the sunflower seeds scattered on the tray (8-1) fall to the ground during harvesting is avoided; the petiole impurity removing knife (8-2) is fixed on two sides of the tray (8-1), the thickness is 2-5 mm, the included angle between the blade and the horizontal surface is 20-45 degrees, the horizontal length is 20-50 cm, the petioles close to the sunflower disc or higher than the sunflower disc can be cut when the sunflower straw enters the gap of the tray unit (8), and the probability of erroneously collecting the petioles during harvesting is reduced; the supporting rib plate (8-3) is positioned under the tray (8-1) and is fixed with the tray (8-1) at 90 degrees, and plays a role in supporting the tray (8-1).

Anti-congestion thumbwheel (5) construction as shown in fig. 6, the anti-congestion thumbwheel (5) includes: the anti-jamming poking wheel poking sheet (5-1) and the anti-jamming poking wheel shaft (4-2), the anti-jamming poking wheel poking sheet (5-1) is positioned below the tray unit (8) and is a rectangular plate made of rubber or canvas, the anti-jamming poking wheel poking sheet is uniformly distributed and fixed in the axial direction of the anti-jamming poking wheel shaft (4-2), the number of the anti-jamming poking wheel poking sheets is 3-5, multiple groups of poking wheels are arranged in parallel in the radial direction of the shaft, the poking wheels rotate at a low speed, a sunflower disc can be poked to the conveying belt (2) after the disc taking operation of the harvester is completed, the sunflower disc is prevented from being jammed on the tray unit (8), and the later harvesting operation is prevented from being influenced.

The rotary blade (6) is configured such that, as shown in fig. 7, the rotary blade (6) includes: the rotary cutter shaft (4-6) and the rotary cutter blade (6-1), wherein the rotary cutter blade (6-1) is M-shaped, saw teeth are arranged on the inner side of the M-shaped of the rotary cutter blade (6-1), the rotary cutter blade (6) rotates when the machine is in front, when the rotary cutter blade (6-1) meets straws, the saw teeth on the inner side of the M-shaped can be well inserted into and clamped with the straws, the rotary cutter blade (6-1) rotates under the action of the rotating force to pull down the straws after clamping the straws, under the blocking of the one-way check switch (7), the front thrust given by the machine is matched to enable the straws to be subjected to bow-shaped deformation, finally the straws are broken, the rotary cutter blade (6-1) is positioned below the gap between two adjacent tray units (8) and is a thick steel plate with the thickness of 2-5 mm, the number of the saw teeth are 3-5 in an even distribution in the axial direction of the rotary cutter shaft (4-6), and a plurality of groups of the saw teeth are arranged in parallel in the radial direction of the rotary cutter shaft (4-6).

One-way check switch (7) configuration as shown in fig. 8, the one-way check switch (7) includes: the check box comprises a stop block (7-1), a check U-shaped plate (7-2), a pin shaft (7-3), a pin shaft base (7-4) and a spring (7-5), wherein the stop block (7-1) is a triangular cylinder and is fixed on one side of a tray (8-1) in a bending manner, the pin shaft base (7-4) is two steel plates with a round hole in the middle, the two steel plates are fixed on the bending of an adjacent tray (8-1) in parallel with the stop block (7-1), a certain gap is reserved between the two steel plates of the pin shaft base (7-4), the pin shaft (7-3) is inserted into a middle hole of the pin shaft base (7-4), the check U-shaped plate (7-2) is a U-shaped bending plate, one side of the check U-shaped plate is provided with a round hole, the round hole is fixed on the gap between the two steel plates of the pin shaft base (7-4) through the pin shaft (7-3), the other side of the check U-shaped plate is contacted with the stop block (7-1) under the action of the tension of the spring (7-5), the other side of the check U-shaped plate is pressed by the spring (7-5) under the action of the tension of the external transverse force, and the spring (7-5) rotates when the transverse force is stressed, and the spring is automatically reset under the action of the tension force; the spring (7-5) is fixed in the U-shaped area of the non-return U-shaped plate (7-2) through the pin shaft (7-3), the machine continuously moves forward during operation, the inclined straw can incline together with the sunflower disc under the action of the forward reaction force of the machine, even the inclined straw is separated from the tray (8-1), the inclined straw can prop against the next sunflower straw, the phenomenon of missed picking is caused, the device can prevent the straw from inclining, the straw is prevented from prop against the next sunflower straw after inclining, and the phenomenon of missed picking is avoided.

The specific working process of the machine is as follows:

the straw guiding and centering device has the advantages that the straw is inclined in the actual harvesting process, the inclined straw is difficult to take the tray, the V-shaped guiding mechanism is arranged at the front part of the tray (8-1) to guide the straw to the opposite direction, the straw is convenient to harvest, after the height of the cutting table is adjusted, namely, the tray (8-1) is lower than the lower surface of the sunflower tray by about 5cm to 10cm, the harvester starts to work forward, when the straw of the sunflower feeding tray with the top passes through the V-shaped guiding mechanism at the front side of the tray (8-1), the straw is displaced due to the V-shape at the front side of the tray (8-1), the straw enters a gap between the two trays (8-1), at the moment, the straw cannot incline to two sides under the acting force given by the tray (8-1), and the straw moves along the gap to approach the one-way check switch (7) along with the machine, so that the straw guiding and centering are realized.

After cutting the petioles and leading the edible sunflower straws with the sunflower discs at the top ends to the gaps, the inclined planes at the lowest parts of petiole impurity removing cutters (8-2) at the two sides of the tray (8-1) can cut a part of edible sunflower petioles close to the sunflower discs or higher than the sunflower discs in an isolated manner under the action of forward moving force of a machine, the situation that the petioles are picked by mistake during harvesting is avoided, the petioles are difficult to clean, and the cut petioles fall to the ground under the action of gravity.

Straw check, straw that the top took the sunflower dish continue to move ahead, and straw upper portion is touched non return U-shaped board (7-2), through one-way check switch (7) after overcoming spring force, and non return U-shaped board (7-2) is rebounded and is kept the original state under the tensile effort of spring (7-5), and the straw has passed one-way check switch (7) this moment to unable return, avoid the straw top to fall down a strain of sunflower straw, take place to leak to adopt the phenomenon.

The automatic tray taking and straw cutting off are carried out, the lower middle part of the straw meets a rotary knife (6) after passing through a one-way check switch (7), the rotary knife (6) rotates at a low speed under the drive of a transmission reversing mechanism (4), knife teeth on the inner side of an M shape on the rotary knife (6-1) are inserted into the straw, at this time, the straw is subjected to 3 forces, firstly, the guiding force given by a tray (8-1), secondly, the forward pushing force given by the machine forwards, thirdly, the downward force given by the rotary knife (6-1) is given by the rotary knife, the guiding force of the tray (8-1) is the force for guaranteeing that the straw is in the gap between the tray (8-1), at this time, the straw is pushed forwards for inclination 15-20 degrees after the straw is given by the forward pushing force, after the straw of the sunflower straw is obliquely contacted with the one-way check switch (7), the sunflower straw cannot be continuously inclined, the sunflower straw is arched and moves downwards under the action force given by the machine forwards, the top end of the straw is separated from the straw, at this time, the straw cannot be separated from the straw is separated from the rotary knife (6-1) by the forward pushing force, and the straw cannot be broken off by the machine, and finally, and the straw cannot fall to the place on the ground surface by the machine.

Anti-jamming, the sunflower discs harvested at the moment are held in gaps of 2 trays (8-1), under the action of forward movement of the machine, the next sunflower straw can push the sunflower discs forward below the anti-jamming thumb wheel (5), and under the low-speed rotation of the anti-jamming thumb wheel (5), the sunflower discs are poked into the conveying belt (2) by the anti-jamming thumb wheel poking sheet (5-1), so that harvesting operation is completed, and accumulation and retention of the sunflower discs on the trays can be prevented by the anti-jamming thumb wheel (5).

The harvester with the anti-jamming automatic disc-taking device can solve the technical problems of high sunflower disc missing rate, sunflower disc jamming and the like of the harvester in the market at present, realize automatic harvesting of the sunflower, save 6-8 workers compared with the backpack type popular in the market at present, enable a driver to operate the harvester by 1 person, have high harvesting efficiency and reasonable layout, can be matched with the existing combine harvester and the backpack type sunflower threshing machine for use, or can be slightly changed on the original type sunflower threshing machine for use, and has wide application and strong popularization, thereby being suitable for field operation.

Anti-jamming automatic tray taking device of sunflower harvester has the operation effects that:

the sample machine in the test is a backpack type sunflower thresher, a Raawou 904 tractor is used for providing power, the anti-jamming automatic tray taking device developed by the patent is additionally arranged in front of a cutting table of the backpack type sunflower thresher, the sample machine is manufactured by a Shennong industry equipment technology development stock limited company in Xinjiang, the test is carried out in Wuluzhuqigong county of Uluzhuguang province in Uygur autonomous region in Xinjiang, the test site is that the sunflower is inserted and aired for 7-10 days by adopting a three-knife one-insert method, the average height of the sunflower tray is 80cm, the travelling speed of the sample machine is set to be 30m/min, the test leakage rate is 1.3%, and the harvest requirement is met.

A particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The invention provides a brand new thought and method for anti-jamming automatic tray taking of the edible sunflower, and particularly realizes a plurality of methods and approaches of the technical scheme. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. An anti-jamming automatic tray taking device of an sunflower harvester comprises an anti-jamming thumb wheel (5), a tray unit (8) and a rotary knife (6) which are arranged on a header (1);

the anti-jamming shifting wheel (5), the tray unit (8) and the rotary knife (6) are sequentially arranged at the front part of the cutting table (1) from top to bottom, the one-way check switch (7), the rotary knife (6) and the anti-jamming shifting wheel (5) are sequentially arranged at the front part of the cutting table (1) from front to back, the tray unit (8) is transversely arranged at the front part of the cutting table (1) in parallel in a plurality of groups, the distance between each group is 200-260 cm, the gap between each group is 50-100 mm, and the anti-jamming shifting wheel (5) and the rotary knife (6) are transversely arranged at the front part of the cutting table (1) and are fixedly connected to the cutting table side plates (3) at two sides of the cutting table (1);

the tray unit (8) comprises a tray (8-1) and a petiole impurity removing knife (8-2), and the petiole impurity removing knife (8-2) is fixed on two sides of the front section of the tray (8-1);

the anti-jamming shifting wheel (5) comprises an anti-jamming shifting wheel shaft (4-2) and anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheets (5-1), wherein multiple groups of anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheets (5-1) are arranged in parallel in the axial direction of the anti-jamming shifting wheel shaft (4-2), the distance of each group is 200-260 cm, the number of the anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheets (5-1) of each group is 3-5, the anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheets (5-1) are uniformly distributed in the radial direction of the shaft, and the anti-jamming shifting wheel shifting sheets (5-1) are rectangular plates made of rubber materials;

the rotary knife (6) comprises a rotary knife shaft (4-6) and rotary blades (6-1), wherein multiple groups of rotary blades (6-1) are arranged in parallel in the axial direction of the rotary knife shaft (4-6), the distance between each group is 200-260 cm, the number of the rotary blades (6-1) in each group is 3-5, the rotary blades (6-1) are uniformly distributed in the radial direction of the shaft, and the rotary blades (6-1) are 2-5 mm thick steel plates.

2. The anti-congestion automatic disc removal device according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the blade handle impurity removing blade (8-2) is 2-5 mm, the included angle between the lower surface and the horizontal surface is 20-45 degrees, and the horizontal length is 20-50 cm.

3. The anti-congestion automatic disc removal device according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary blade (6-1) is M-shaped, sawteeth are arranged on the inner side of the M-shaped blade, and the M-shaped blade is positioned below the gap between two adjacent tray units (8).

4. An anti-jamming automatic disc taking method for sunflower seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, guiding alignment and centralizing, wherein the sunflower plants with the sunflower discs relatively move along the gap of the tray unit (8) under the guiding alignment and centralizing of the V-shaped diversion mechanism at the front end of the tray (8-1);

step 2, cutting the petioles, namely, after the sunflower plants are guided to the gap, separating and cutting a part of the petioles close to the sunflower disc or higher than the sunflower disc by petiole impurity removal cutters (8-2) on two sides of the tray (8-1) under the action of forward movement of the machine, and falling the cut petioles to the ground under the action of gravity;

step 3, breaking straws and automatically taking out discs, wherein the straws below the straws are contacted with a rotary knife (6) after passing through a one-way check switch (7), the straws are separated from the discs under the non-return action of the one-way check switch (7) above the straws, the rotary pull force of the rotary knife (6) and the forward acting force of the machine, the straws are broken by the rotary knife (6), and the broken straws fall to the ground surface;

and 4, anti-jamming, pushing the separated sunflower discs to an anti-jamming shifting wheel (5) by the next sunflower straw, shifting to a conveying belt (2) under the low-speed rotation of the anti-jamming shifting wheel (5), and completing harvesting operation.