CN116762897B - Full-puffing creep feed and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Full-puffing creep feed and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116762897B CN116762897B CN202310852925.8A CN202310852925A CN116762897B CN 116762897 B CN116762897 B CN 116762897B CN 202310852925 A CN202310852925 A CN 202310852925A CN 116762897 B CN116762897 B CN 116762897B
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a full-expansion creep feed and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the full-expansion creep feed comprises 65-80 parts of base materials, 3-8 parts of functional additives and 1-2 parts of premix materials in parts by weight; the functional additives comprise rice peptide calcium, plant polyphenol, plant polysaccharide, zinc citrate and magnolol glycoside. The full-puffing creep feed provided by the invention has good palatability, has a food calling effect, can promote the ingestion of piglets as soon as possible, stimulates the digestive system of the piglets to mature rapidly, improves the adaptability of the gastrointestinal tract of the piglets to solid feed, promotes the development of the intestinal tract, reduces the weaning stress, and ensures the piglets to grow rapidly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of feeds, and particularly relates to a full-expansion creep feed, a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to a full-expansion creep feed capable of effectively reducing weaning stress, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the improvement of sow breeding technology, the number of the born sows is increased, and the birth weight of piglets is gradually reduced. In recent years, the lactation ability of lactating sows is greatly studied, and the lactating ability of the sows is improved, but the improvement is limited, so that the nutrition requirements of the lactating sows are difficult to meet. The self metabolism and growth speed of piglets in the lactation period are very fast, and the nutrition requirement is high, and researches show that the growth of the piglets is limited because of insufficient breast milk supply from 10 days old. The creep feed provided in early stage can meet the nutritional requirements of piglets, but the nutrition of the piglets after birth is derived from breast milk, the digestive system development is not perfect, the digestibility of foreign nutrients is low, and the dyspepsia of the piglets is easily caused, so that the intestinal health is damaged.
The growth performance of the suckling piglets directly relates to the economic benefit of pig raising industry. The early nutrition intervention can promote the intestinal function development of the piglets and improve the growth performance of the piglets, so that the piglets are promoted to eat the exogenous nutrient substances as soon as possible, the digestion and absorption of the exogenous nutrient substances by the piglets are enhanced, the nutrition requirement of the piglets is fully met, and the method is a key for promoting the rapid growth of the piglets and improving the benefit of pig raising industry.
CN111264686a discloses a method for preparing a non-antibiotic fermented soft granule creep feed for suckling piglets, which belongs to the technical field of feed and fermentation. According to the technical scheme, specific bacillus subtilis, saccharomycetes and lactobacillus are selected, seed solutions are prepared by respectively fermenting three strains, then the concentration of the thalli is respectively adjusted, the thalli are mixed according to a certain volume ratio, and then the thalli are sprayed and mixed with a suckling piglet granule creep feed which does not contain antibiotics and chemical drugs, and the mixture is packaged and fermented in a sealing way. The prepared non-antibiotic fermented soft granule creep feed has obvious regulating effect on gastrointestinal tract function of piglets, and can improve the nutritive value of feed. The feed additive is directly used as an opening material for suckling piglets, and has the advantages of good palatability, strong food calling, large feed intake, good digestion and absorption, strong diarrhea resistance, increasing the weight of weaned piglets, reducing the milk fat loss after weaning and the diarrhea rate, thereby improving the survival rate and the growth speed of the piglets.
CN106615800a discloses a piglet creep feed containing insect powder and a preparation method thereof. The piglet creep feed is prepared from the following raw materials: corn, puffed corn, broken rice, whey powder, insect powder, 46% soybean meal, plasma insect powder, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, lysine, threonine, methionine, acidulant, zinc oxide, antioxidant, compound enzyme of suckling pigs and premix of suckling pigs. The insect powder is formed by mixing one or more of housefly powder, black soldier fly powder and chrysomyia megacephala powder. According to the piglet creep feed, the insect powder is used for replacing fish meal, soybean oil and puffed soybean which are commonly used in the piglet creep feed, so that the production cost of the piglet creep feed can be reduced, the medium-chain fatty acid rich in the insect powder has strong sterilization capability, the intestinal health of piglets can be improved, the diarrhea rate of the piglets can be reduced, and the growth performance of the piglets can be improved.
Although various schemes are proposed in the prior art, the problem of piglet creep is not solved effectively. Therefore, development of a piglet creep feed with high nutritional value and easy digestion and absorption is needed, the open feeding of the piglets is promoted as soon as possible, the digestion utilization rate of the piglet to the creep feed is improved, and the problem that the growth of the piglets is affected due to the imperfect development of the digestive system of the piglets and low digestion utilization rate of the external creep feed is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a full-expansion creep feed and a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to a full-expansion creep feed capable of effectively reducing weaning stress and a preparation method and application thereof. The full-puffing creep feed provided by the invention has good palatability, has a food calling effect, can promote the ingestion of piglets as soon as possible, stimulates the digestive system of the piglets to mature rapidly, improves the adaptability of the gastrointestinal tract of the piglets to solid feed, promotes the development of the intestinal tract, reduces the weaning stress, and ensures the piglets to grow rapidly.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a full-expansion creep feed, which comprises 65-80 parts of base materials, 3-8 parts of functional additives and 1-2 parts of premix materials in parts by weight.
The functional additives comprise rice peptide calcium, plant polyphenol, plant polysaccharide, zinc citrate and magnolol glycoside.
Wherein, the parts of the base material can be 65 parts, 66 parts, 67 parts, 68 parts, 69 parts, 70 parts, 71 parts, 2 parts, 73 parts, 74 parts, 75 parts, 76 parts, 77 parts, 78 parts, 79 parts or 80 parts, etc., the parts of the functional additive can be 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts or 8 parts, etc., and the parts of the premix can be 1 part, 1.1 parts, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.7 parts, 1.8 parts, 1.9 parts or 2 parts, etc., but the invention is not limited to the above-listed values, and other non-listed values in the above-listed value ranges are equally applicable.
The full-puffing creep feed can effectively improve the palatability of the product by adopting the functional additive, has a food calling effect, can promote the ingestion of piglets as soon as possible, stimulates the digestive system of the piglets to mature rapidly, improves the adaptability of the gastrointestinal tract of the piglets to solid feed, promotes the development of intestinal tracts, reduces weaning stress and ensures the piglets to grow rapidly.
The rice peptide calcium not only can promote calcium absorption, but also can provide functional active peptide for the piglets, and the functional active peptide can be directly absorbed by the piglets, so as to provide essential amino acid for the piglets, maintain intestinal health of the piglets and improve the immunity of the piglets.
Polyphenols and polysaccharides may form polyphenol-polysaccharide complexes by non-covalent or covalent interactions. On one hand, the emulsion has excellent emulsifying property and oxidation stability, and can promote the digestion and absorption of the piglet on nutrient substances; on the other hand, the method can increase the diversity of intestinal flora, activate beneficial flora, inhibit pathogenic bacterial strain, regulate and control the metabolism of protein-sugar-fat, and promote the digestion and absorption of nutrient substances by intestinal tracts.
The magnolia glycoside has the functions of resisting bacteria, resisting oxidation, regulating immunity and the like, and the magnolia glycoside added into the feed can prevent the intestinal damage caused by dyspepsia of external nutrient substances of piglets, and improve the digestion and absorption functions of the gastrointestinal tracts of the piglets.
The zinc citrate can promote the growth of piglets, improve the immunity of the piglets, reduce diarrhea of the piglets, interact with polyphenol and improve the bioavailability of the polyphenol.
Through the compounding and synergistic effect of the specific five components, the invention can effectively improve the product performance, promote the ingestion of piglets, promote the development of intestinal tracts, reduce the weaning stress and enable the piglets to grow rapidly.
Preferably, the base comprises any one or a combination of at least two of corn, soybean, soy protein concentrate or rice flour.
Preferably, the fully puffed creep feed also comprises, by weight, 5-10 parts of whey powder, 1-5 parts of fish meal, 1-3 parts of phagostimulant and 1-3 parts of grease.
The parts of whey powder may be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts, the parts of fish meal may be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts, the parts of phagostimulant may be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts or 3 parts, the parts of fat may be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts or 3 parts, etc., but the above-mentioned values are not limited thereto, and other non-listed values in the above-mentioned value range are applicable.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the rice peptide calcium to the plant polyphenol to the plant polysaccharide to the zinc citrate to the magnoloside is (30-60): 5-10): 10-20): 1-5): 0.1-1, wherein the part of the rice peptide calcium can be 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 or 60, etc., the part of the plant polyphenol can be 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, etc., the part of the plant polysaccharide can be 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20, etc., the part of the zinc citrate can be 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, etc., the part of the magnoloside can be 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 or 1, etc., but the other non-enumerated values within the above numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the plant polyphenol comprises any one or a combination of at least two of magnolol, grape seed polyphenol, or blackberry polyphenol, preferably a combination of magnolol, grape seed polyphenol, and blackberry polyphenol.
The specific plant polyphenol can effectively improve the performance of the product, and meanwhile, the specific combination is selected, so that the effects of promoting the feeding of piglets, promoting the development of intestinal tracts and reducing the weaning stress of the product can be further improved.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the magnolol, the grape seed polyphenol and the black raspberry polyphenol is (3-5): 2-3): 1-2, wherein the part of the magnolol can be 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 or 5, and the like, the part of the grape seed polyphenol can be 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9 or 3, and the like, the part of the black raspberry polyphenol can be 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9 or 2, and the like, but the invention is not limited to the above-listed values, and other non-listed values in the above numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the plant polysaccharide comprises any one or a combination of at least two of inulin polysaccharide, salvia polysaccharide or alfalfa polysaccharide, preferably a combination of inulin polysaccharide, salvia polysaccharide and alfalfa polysaccharide.
The specific plant polysaccharide can effectively improve the performance of the product, and meanwhile, the specific combination is selected, so that the effects of promoting the feeding of piglets, promoting the intestinal development and reducing the weaning stress of the product can be further improved.
Preferably, the mass ratio of inulin polysaccharide, salvia polysaccharide and alfalfa polysaccharide is (3-6): (1-2): (2-4), wherein the number of inulin polysaccharide parts can be 3, 4, 5 or 6, and the like, the number of salvia polysaccharide parts can be 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9 or 2, and the like, the number of alfalfa polysaccharide parts can be 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 or 4, and the like, but the invention is not limited to the above-listed values, and other non-listed values in the above-listed value range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the phagostimulant comprises any one or a combination of at least two of glucose, lactose or sodium saccharin.
Preferably, the oil comprises any one or a combination of at least two of coconut oil, palm kernel oil or sunflower oil.
Preferably, the premix comprises the following components: each kg of creep feed contains FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O，300-500mg；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O，15-25mg；MnSO 4 ·H 2 O，10-20mg；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O，300-500mg；KI，0.2-0.5mg；NaSeO 3 0.5-1.0mg; VB1,1-5mg; VB2, 10-20mg; VK,3-7mg; VD3, 100-130IU; VB12, 25-35 μg; VE,15-20IU; VA,5000-8000IU; choline chloride, 50-100mg.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing the fully puffed creep feed, which comprises the following steps:
pulverizing the base material, mixing with the functional additive and the premix, mixing with water, standing, granulating, and puffing to obtain the full-puffing creep feed.
Preferably, the mixing with the functional additive and the premix further comprises mixing with whey powder, fish meal and a phagostimulant.
Preferably, the mixture with water is mixed until the humidity of the mixture is 25-40%, and the standing time is 1-3h.
Preferably, the puffing temperature is 70-100deg.C, the pressure is 0.1-0.5MPa, and the time is 10-30min.
Preferably, the pre-drying is carried out before puffing, wherein the temperature of the pre-drying is 30-50 ℃ and the time is 1-5min.
Preferably, the puffing further comprises spraying with grease.
The humidity may be 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39% or 40%, the standing time may be 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h or 3h, the swelling temperature may be 70 ℃, 75 ℃,80 ℃, 85 ℃, 90 ℃, 95 ℃,100 ℃ or the like, the pressure may be 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.5MPa or the like, the time may be 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min, 30min or the like, the pre-drying temperature may be 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃ or 50 ℃ or the like, the time may be 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min or the like, but the present invention is not limited to the above-listed values, and other values not listed in the above-mentioned value ranges are equally applicable.
By adopting specific operation steps and parameters, the preparation method can effectively improve the digestibility of piglets on products and improve the technical effect of the products.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides an application of the fully puffed creep feed in piglet creep feed preparation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a full-puffing creep feed, which can effectively improve the palatability of a product by adopting a functional additive, has a food calling effect, can promote the ingestion of piglets as soon as possible, stimulates the digestive system of the piglets to mature rapidly, improves the adaptability of the gastrointestinal tract of the piglets to solid feed, promotes the development of intestinal tracts, reduces weaning stress and ensures the piglets to grow rapidly.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means adopted by the present invention and the effects thereof, the following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in combination with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.
In the following example, grape seed polyphenol is available from Fubang biotechnology Co., shanxi under the model number 84929-27-1;
blackberry polyphenols were purchased from Tianjin peak natural products limited;
inulin polysaccharide is purchased from Shaanxi North Biotechnology Co., ltd, model 9005-80-5;
the red sage polysaccharide is purchased from Hangzhou Zhengda Qingbao pharmaceutical Co., ltd;
alfalfa polysaccharide was purchased from Ningxia vanilla biotechnology limited;
whey powder was purchased from guangzhou Yan biosciences limited;
fish meal was purchased from the international trade company, tianjin sea wav.
Rice peptide calcium was purchased from Jiangsu-Yi-Hao-added biotechnology Co.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a full-puffing creep feed, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50 parts of corn, 20 parts of soybean, 7 parts of whey powder, 3 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of functional additive, 1.5 parts of premix, 2 parts of glucose and 2 parts of coconut oil.
The functional additive consists of rice peptide calcium, plant polyphenol, plant polysaccharide, zinc citrate and magnolol glycoside, and the mass ratio of the functional additive to the magnolol peptide calcium to the plant polyphenol is 40:7:15:3:0.5;
the plant polyphenol consists of magnolol, grape seed polyphenol and black raspberry polyphenol, and the mass ratio is 4:2.5:1.5;
the plant polysaccharide consists of inulin polysaccharide, salvia polysaccharide and alfalfa polysaccharide, and the mass ratio is 5:1.5:3;
the premix comprises the following components: each kg of creep feed contains FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O，400mg；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O，20mg；MnSO 4 ·H 2 O，15mg；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O，400mg；KI，0.3mg；NaSeO 3 0.7mg; VB1,3mg; VB2, 15mg; VK,5mg; VD3, 110IU; VB12, 30 μg; VE,17IU; VA 6000IU; choline chloride, 70mg.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
peeling and crushing corn and soybean, uniformly mixing the corn and soybean with whey powder, fish meal, functional additives, glucose and premix, adding water to adjust the humidity of the mixture to 30%, standing for 2 hours, granulating by a granulator, pre-drying (40 ℃ for 3 minutes), vacuum puffing at low temperature (puffing temperature 80 ℃ and puffing pressure 0.3MPa for 20 minutes), and adding coconut oil into the vacuum puffed feed in a spraying manner to obtain the full-puffing creep feed.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a full-puffing creep feed, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
65 parts of rice, 5 parts of whey powder, 1 part of fish meal, 3 parts of functional additives, 1 part of premix, 1 part of lactose and 1 part of palm kernel oil.
The functional additive consists of rice peptide calcium, plant polyphenol, plant polysaccharide, zinc citrate and magnolol glycoside, and the mass ratio of the functional additive to the magnolol peptide calcium to the plant polyphenol is 30:5:10:1:0.1;
the plant polyphenol consists of magnolol, grape seed polyphenol and black raspberry polyphenol, and the mass ratio is 3:2:1;
the plant polysaccharide consists of inulin polysaccharide, salvia polysaccharide and alfalfa polysaccharide, and the mass ratio is 3:1:2;
each kg of premix contains FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O，300mg；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O，25mg；MnSO 4 ·H 2 O，10mg；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O，500mg；KI，0.2mg；NaSeO 3 1.0mg; VB1,1mg; VB2, 10mg; VK,7mg; VD3, 100IU; VB12, 35 μg; VE,15IU; VA,8000IU; choline chloride, 100mg.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
crushing rice, uniformly mixing the crushed rice with whey powder, fish meal, functional additives, lactose and premix, adding water to adjust the humidity of the mixture to 25%, standing for 3 hours, granulating by a granulator, pre-drying (30 ℃ for 5 min), low-temperature vacuum puffing (puffing temperature 70 ℃ and puffing pressure 0.5MPa for 30 min), and adding palm kernel oil into the vacuum puffed feed in a spraying manner to obtain the full-puffing creep feed.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a full-puffing creep feed, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80 parts of soybean, 10 parts of whey powder, 5 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of functional additive, 2 parts of premix, 2 parts of glucose and 2 parts of sunflower seed oil.
The functional additive consists of rice peptide calcium, plant polyphenol, plant polysaccharide, zinc citrate and magnolol glycoside, and the mass ratio of the functional additive to the magnolol peptide calcium to the plant polyphenol is 60:10:20:5:1;
the plant polyphenol consists of magnolol, grape seed polyphenol and black raspberry polyphenol, and the mass ratio is 5:3:2;
the plant polysaccharide consists of inulin polysaccharide, salvia polysaccharide and alfalfa polysaccharide, and the mass ratio is 6:2:4;
each kg of premix contains FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O，300mg；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O，15mg；MnSO 4 ·H 2 O，20mg；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O，300mg；KI，0.5mg；NaSeO 3 0.5mg; VB1,5mg; VB2, 20mg; VK,3mg; VD3, 130IU; VB12, 25 μg; VE,20IU; VA,5000IU; choline chloride, 100mg.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
peeling and crushing soybeans, uniformly mixing the peeled soybeans with whey powder, fish meal, functional additives, glucose and premix, adding water to adjust the humidity of the mixture to 40%, standing for 1h, granulating by a granulator, pre-drying (50 ℃ for 1 min), vacuum puffing (puffing temperature 100 ℃, puffing pressure 0.1MPa and puffing time 10 min), and adding sunflower seed oil into the vacuum puffed feed in a spraying manner to obtain the full-puffing creep feed.
Example 4
This example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder of which is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain rice peptide calcium, and the reduced fraction is proportionally distributed to plant polyphenols, polysaccharides, zinc citrate and magnolol.
Example 5
This example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder of which is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain plant polyphenols, and the reduced fraction is proportionally distributed to rice peptide calcium, polysaccharide, zinc citrate and magnolol.
Example 6
This example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder of which is identical to example 1 except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain polysaccharides, and the reduced fraction is proportionally distributed to plant polyphenols, rice peptide calcium, zinc citrate, and magnolol.
Example 7
This example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder of which is identical to example 1 except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain zinc citrate, and the reduced portion is proportionally distributed to plant polyphenols, rice peptide calcium, polysaccharides, and magnolol.
Example 8
This example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder of which was identical to example 1 except that no magnolol was included in the preparation and a reduced portion was proportionally allocated to plant polyphenols, polysaccharides, zinc citrate, and rice peptide calcium.
Example 9
The present example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder of which is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain magnolol, and a reduced portion is proportionally distributed to other plant polyphenols.
Example 10
This example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder of which is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain grape seed polyphenols and a reduced portion is proportionally distributed to other plant polyphenols.
Example 11
The present example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder of which is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain blackberry polyphenols and a reduced portion is proportionally distributed to other plant polyphenols.
Example 12
The present example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder of which is identical to example 1 except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain inulin polysaccharide, and the reduced fraction is proportionally distributed to other plant polysaccharides.
Example 13
The present example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder being the same as example 1 except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain salvia polysaccharide, and the reduced fraction is proportionally distributed to other plant polysaccharides.
Example 14
This example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the remainder of which is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain alfalfa polysaccharide and a reduced portion is proportionally distributed to other plant polysaccharides.
Example 15
This example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the process of preparation being the same as example 1 except that no water addition was used to adjust the humidity of the mixture and to allow it to stand.
Example 16
This example provides a fully expanded creep feed, the process of preparation being the same as example 1 except that no pre-drying was performed.
And (3) effect test:
the method comprises the steps of selecting 51 litter of suckling piglets with litter size, average weight of piglets and close sow child size, randomly dividing 12 piglets per litter into 17 groups, feeding 3 litter piglets per group by respectively adopting the creep feed provided in examples 1-16 and the commercial creep feed (feeding 6 times every 2 hours from 6 hours in the morning, feeding 6 times every day according to the feeding condition of piglets, adding a small amount of feed which is not fed, and recycling the feed which is not fed), weaning the piglets for 21 days, recording the daily gain, the feed ratio and the diarrhea rate of the piglets from 10 days old to 1 week weaning for 18 days, wherein the diarrhea rate = the diarrhea first time of the piglets in the test period/(the test pig number x the test days) ×100%, and calculating the average value, wherein the result is as follows:
weaning piglets from 10 days old to 21 days old:
| group of | Feed intake (g/head) | Daily gain (g) | Diarrhea Rate (%) |
| Control group | 83 | 191 | 11.62 |
| Example 1 | 268 | 232 | 3.03 |
| Example 2 | 253 | 224 | 5.05 |
| Example 3 | 257 | 228 | 4.55 |
| Example 4 | 181 | 206 | 8.84 |
| Example 5 | 226 | 216 | 9.09 |
| Example 6 | 230 | 213 | 8.59 |
| Example 7 | 198 | 210 | 8.08 |
| Example 8 | 243 | 202 | 9.34 |
| Example 9 | 238 | 215 | 8.08 |
| Example 10 | 236 | 213 | 7.58 |
| Example 11 | 233 | 211 | 8.33 |
| Example 12 | 241 | 208 | 8.08 |
| Example 13 | 235 | 210 | 7.58 |
| Example 14 | 238 | 215 | 7.83 |
| Example 15 | 260 | 230 | 3.78 |
| Example 16 | 262 | 228 | 3.53 |
Weaning piglets from 21 days to 7 days after weaning:
from the results, the creep feed provided by the invention can effectively promote the feeding of piglets, improve the weight gain of the piglets and reduce diarrhea; comparing examples 1, 4-14, it can be found that the invention further improves the effect of the product by adopting the combination of rice peptide calcium, plant polyphenol, polysaccharide, zinc citrate and magnolol glycoside to perform synergistic effect and selecting specific polyphenol and polysaccharide combination; as can be seen from comparison of examples 1 and 15 to 16, the present invention can effectively improve the effect of the product by adopting a specific preparation method.
Digestibility of piglet to creep feed
150g of each group of creep feed samples are collected by a quartering method, vacuum-packed in sample bags and marked correspondingly, and the samples are placed in a refrigerator at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ to test nutrient content. Digestion tests were performed on test day 3 (endogenous indicator method), with insoluble ash hydrochloride (AIA) as an endogenous indicator. 10mL of 10% sulfuric acid solution and 2 drops of toluene were added per 100g of fresh manure sample to fix nitrogen and prevent manure sample spoilage. And (3) fully and uniformly mixing the fecal samples collected in 3 days, selecting a proper amount of the fecal samples, placing the fecal samples in an oven (65 ℃) to be dried and crushed to constant weight, sieving the fecal samples with a 40-mesh sieve, and preserving the fecal samples at-20 ℃ for detecting the conventional nutrient content.
Digestion tests were performed with hydrochloric acid insoluble ash as an endogenous indicator. The method for measuring the general nutrients refers to feed analysis and feed quality detection technology. The method for measuring the insoluble ash content of hydrochloric acid refers to the standard "measurement of insoluble ash content of hydrochloric acid in feed" (GB/T23742). The formula for calculating the digestibility of a certain nutrient in the diet is as follows: certain nutrient digestibility (%) =100- (a1×b2)/(a2×b1) ×100; wherein A1 is the content (%) of hydrochloric acid insoluble ash in the creep feed sample; a2 is the content (%) of hydrochloric acid insoluble ash in the fecal sample; b1 is the content (%) of a certain nutrient in the creep feed sample; b2 is the content (%) of a certain nutrient in the fecal sample. The results were as follows:
| group of | Dry matter (%) | Crude protein (%) | Crude fat (%) | Crude ash (%) |
| Control group | 81 | 78 | 72 | 80 |
| Example 1 | 93 | 90 | 90 | 88 |
| Example 2 | 91 | 88 | 89 | 87 |
| Example 3 | 92 | 89 | 88 | 88 |
| Example 4 | 86 | 83 | 87 | 86 |
| Example 5 | 83 | 81 | 80 | 83 |
| Example 6 | 84 | 82 | 82 | 82 |
| Example 7 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 85 |
| Example 8 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 84 |
| Example 9 | 86 | 84 | 84 | 84 |
| Example 10 | 85 | 84 | 83 | 83 |
| Example 11 | 84 | 83 | 82 | 83 |
| Example 12 | 85 | 83 | 84 | 85 |
| Example 13 | 87 | 84 | 83 | 83 |
| Example 14 | 86 | 83 | 85 | 84 |
| Example 15 | 91 | 88 | 87 | 87 |
| Example 16 | 92 | 89 | 88 | 88 |
From the results, the creep feed provided by the invention can effectively promote digestion and absorption of piglets to feed; comparing examples 1, 4-14, it can be found that the invention further improves the effect of the product by adopting the combination of rice peptide calcium, plant polyphenol, polysaccharide, zinc citrate and magnolol glycoside to perform synergistic effect and selecting specific polyphenol and polysaccharide combination; as can be seen from comparison of examples 1 and 15 to 16, the present invention can effectively improve the effect of the product by adopting a specific preparation method.
Serum antioxidant function
After the experiment is finished, randomly selecting 3 piglets in each group, taking blood from the anterior vena cava, standing for 8 hours until serum is separated out, centrifuging for 10 minutes at 3000r/min, sub-packaging the supernatant into a centrifuge tube, and placing in a refrigerator at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for preservation to be detected. The indexes are measured by using catalase, malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity kit of Nanjing institute of biological engineering, and the measurement method is carried out according to the specification, and the result is as follows:
weaning the piglets breaks the oxidation resistance defense system of the bodies of the piglets, so that the bodies enter a stress state. The antioxidant enzymes such as catalase produced by the organism can effectively remove free radicals in the organism. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes generated by the organism directly reflects the antioxidant capacity of the organism and also relates to the health condition of the organism. The creep feed provided by the invention can obviously improve the activity of catalase in serum and obviously reduce the content of malondialdehyde in serum, and shows that the creep feed provided by the invention can increase the activity of serum antioxidant enzymes of weaned pigs, thereby improving the antioxidant capacity of the weaned pigs and further improving the anti-stress capacity of the weaned pigs.
Influence of intestinal mucosa morphology of piglets
After the weaned pigs are sampled, 1 piglet is randomly selected from each repetition for intravenous injection of pentobarbital sodium for anesthesia, carotid artery is used for bleeding, abdominal cavity is dissected, small intestine is taken from its mesentery and immediately put into ice cubes, and the small intestine is divided into duodenum, jejunum and ileum.
Taking the middle part of jejunum and the far end of ileum respectively for 2cm, gently removing the content of intestinal canal by using precooled sterile physiological saline, and preserving in 4% paraformaldehyde for observing the change of morphological structure of the intestinal canal.
Taking the jejunum and the ileum out of formaldehyde solution, dehydrating step by ethanol, embedding xylene transparent and paraffin, cutting into 5m thick slices at 20 ℃, placing the slices on a slope carrying sheet, drying at 60 ℃ for dewaxing, dyeing by H & E, and finally dehydrating the water-sealed sheet. Paraffin sections were placed under an optical microscope for determination of the fluff height and crypt depth. Under computer Image analysis software Image Pro Plus 6.0, 10 complete villi were selected on each slide to determine the height of villi and the depth of crypt corresponding to each villi. Fluff height: vertical height from the intestinal gland opening to the villus tip; recess depth: vertical height from mucosal myolayer to intestinal gland opening.
The results are as follows
From the results, the creep feed provided by the invention can effectively promote the development of intestinal tracts of piglets and improve the villus height and the ratio of the villus height to the recess depth; comparing examples 1, 4-14, it can be found that the invention further improves the effect of the product by adopting the combination of rice peptide calcium, plant polyphenol, polysaccharide, zinc citrate and magnolol glycoside to perform synergistic effect and selecting specific polyphenol and polysaccharide combination; as can be seen from comparison of examples 1 and 15 to 16, the present invention can effectively improve the effect of the product by adopting a specific preparation method.
The applicant states that the invention is illustrated by the above examples as well as the method of making and using the same, but the invention is not limited to, i.e. it is not meant that the invention must be practiced in dependence upon the above examples. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Claims (10)
1. The full-expansion creep feed is characterized by comprising 65-80 parts by weight of base materials, 3-8 parts by weight of functional additives and 1-2 parts by weight of premix;
the base material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of corn, soybean protein concentrate powder and rice flour;
the functional additive comprises rice peptide calcium, plant polyphenol, plant polysaccharide, zinc citrate and magnolol glycoside, wherein the mass ratio of the rice peptide calcium to the plant polyphenol to the plant polysaccharide to the zinc citrate to the magnolol glycoside is (30-60) to (5-10) to (10-20) to (1-5) to (0.1-1);
the plant polyphenol is a combination of magnolol, grape seed polyphenol and blackberry polyphenol, and the mass ratio of the magnolol to the grape seed polyphenol to the blackberry polyphenol is (3-5) (2-3) (1-2);
the plant polysaccharide is a combination of inulin polysaccharide, salvia polysaccharide and alfalfa polysaccharide, and the mass ratio of inulin polysaccharide to salvia polysaccharide to alfalfa polysaccharide is (3-6): 1-2): 2-4;
the full-puffing creep feed is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
pulverizing base material, mixing with functional additive and premix, mixing with water until the humidity of the mixture is 25-40%, standing for 1-3h, granulating, pre-drying, and puffing to obtain the total puffing creep feed, wherein the pre-drying temperature is 30-50deg.C for 1-5min.
2. The fully expanded creep feed of claim 1, further comprising, in parts by weight, 5-10 parts of whey powder, 1-5 parts of fish meal, 1-3 parts of a phagostimulant and 1-3 parts of grease.
3. The fully expanded creep feed of claim 2, wherein the phagostimulant comprises any one or a combination of at least two of glucose, lactose or sodium saccharin.
4. The fully expanded creep feed of claim 2, wherein the fat comprises any one or a combination of at least two of coconut oil, palm kernel oil or sunflower oil.
5. The fully expanded creep feed of claim 1, wherein the premix composition is: each kg of creep feed contains FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O，300-500 mg ；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O， 15-25mg；MnSO 4 ·H 2 O，10-20 mg；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O，300-500mg；KI，0.2-0.5 mg；NaSeO 3 0.5-1.0mg; VB1,1-5mg; VB2, 10-20 and mg; VK,3-7mg; VD3, 100-130, IU; VB12, 25-35 mug; VE,15-20IU; VA,5000-8000IU; choline chloride, 50-100mg.
6. A method of preparing a fully expanded creep feed according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
pulverizing base material, mixing with functional additive and premix, mixing with water until the humidity of the mixture is 25-40%, standing for 1-3h, granulating, pre-drying, and puffing to obtain the total puffing creep feed, wherein the pre-drying temperature is 30-50deg.C for 1-5min.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the mixing with functional additives, premix further comprises mixing with whey powder, fish meal, and phagostimulant.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the puffing is carried out at a temperature of 70-100deg.C and a pressure of 0.1-0.5MPa for a period of 10-30min.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the puffing further comprises spraying with grease.
10. Use of the fully expanded creep feed according to any one of claims 1-5 for the preparation of a piglet creep feed.
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