CN116751117A - 一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法 - Google Patents
一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CO XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical group [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000877463 Lanio Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010813 internal standard method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法。该方法以甘油为底物,在可见光照射下,Mn掺杂CdS(Mn/CdS)作为光催化剂,甘油发生光催化脱水,得到液相产物丙酮醇和气相产物合成气。本发明提供了一种新的甘油脱水制备丙酮醇的方法,条件温和,产品选择性高,具有很好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气(H2+CO)的方法。
背景技术
丙酮醇是一种重要的化学品,可用于制取药物、香料、染料,也可以用来作为有机合成中间体、硝酸纤维素的溶剂、肽合成保护剂等。传统的丙酮醇的合成方法,采用甘油为底物,在高温200-400℃下,酸性或者碱性氧化物作为催化剂在气相中获得。
Chang曾报道过用共沉淀法和煅烧法制备的5% Na/CeO2碱性金属氧化物作为催化剂,在连续固定床中进行甘油气相反应,在350℃下将甘油转化为丙酮醇,甘油的转化率达到20%。Batiot-Dupeyrat等人使用碱性催化剂氧化镧和钙钛矿LaNiO3在400-500℃下,在气相中转化纯甘油,结果发现对于丙酮醇的选择性最高为26.5%,但甘油在液相中聚合形成了重产物。热催化过程通常具有产物稳定性差、副反应多以及选择性低等缺点。本发明以光催化甘油得到丙酮醇和合成气,可以在适宜的温度下转化,避免产生积炭以及副反应多、选择性低等问题。
本发明采用甘油为原料,在可见光光照条件下,惰性气体保护,在室温下就可以得到液相产物丙酮醇并且伴随气相产物合成气,丙酮醇的选择性高,实验条件温和,具有很好的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决现有技术存在的技术问题,提供一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气(H2+CO)的方法。
本发明的技术方案:
一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,具体如下:所述的方法以甘油为底物,在可见光光照条件下,惰性气体氛围中,在催化剂作用下,甘油发生光催化脱水,得到液相产物丙酮醇和气相产物合成气(H2+CO)。
进一步的,所述的催化剂用量与甘油质量之比为20-50wt%,优选为50wt%。
进一步的,所述的催化剂为金属掺杂的硫化镉。更进一步的,所述的掺杂的金属为Fe、Co、Cu、Pt、Mn中的一种。优选的,所述的催化剂为锰掺杂的硫化镉Mn/CdS。
进一步的,所述的掺杂的金属作为金属活性组分于催化剂中的质量含量为1-10wt%,优选为3wt%。
进一步的,所述的惰性气体为不含氧气和氢气的气体,如氮气、氩气等。
进一步的,反应温度在15-60℃,反应时间为6-48h。
进一步的,反应前需要将甘油溶于溶剂中,所述的溶剂为乙腈、水混合溶剂。其中乙腈体积占总溶剂的0-95%,优选为95%。进一步的,所述的可见光光照的波长为300-500nm。
本发明具有如下特点:本发明提供了一种新的甘油脱水到丙酮醇的过程,在可见光激发下,底物分子本身不会吸光,需要采用光催化剂,本发明发现Mn/CdS可以实现在可见光作用下,甘油脱去一分子水,生成液相产物丙酮醇。本发明方法条件温和,产物选择性高,具有很好的应用前景。本发明催化体系简单、高效、副产物少、催化剂用量少、催化剂可循环使用。
具体实施方式:
下面通过具体实施例对本发明进行说明,但本发明实施不局限于这些实施例:
实施例1-5:向带有磁力搅拌子的光反应管中分别加入10mg甘油,5mg Mn/CdS,1mL不同比例的乙腈与水混合溶剂,通入氩气置换空气,密闭反应管。选用波长为455nm的LED光,光强为18w,在30℃下反应24h,反应结束后,加入内标氦气,气相产物合成气采用内标法在气相色谱中进行分析,液相产物丙酮醇采用外标法在液相色谱中进行分析。结果见表1。
表1溶剂配比影响甘油转化到丙酮醇和合成气
分析表1中结果可知,当乙腈与水的体积比为9.5:0.5时,丙酮醇的生成速率是最快的。
实施例6-10:向带有磁力搅拌子的光反应管中分别加入10mg甘油,5mg不同金属掺杂CdS催化剂,1mL乙腈与水混合溶剂,体积比为9.5:0.5,通入氩气置换空气,密闭反应管。选用波长为455nm的LED光,光强为18w,在30℃下反应24h,用气相色谱和液相色谱对反应管内气体和液体进行定性定量分析,结果见表2。
表2不同金属掺杂CdS催化剂影响甘油转化到丙酮醇和合成气
分析表2中结果可知,不同金属掺杂硫化镉都可以催化甘油转化为丙酮醇和合成气,而锰掺杂硫化镉作为催化剂时,丙酮醇的生成速率是最快的。
实施例11-15:向带有磁力搅拌子的光反应管中分别加入10mg甘油,5mg不同质量含量的Mn掺杂CdS,1mL乙腈与水混合溶剂,体积比为9.5:0.5,通入氩气置换空气,密闭反应管。选用波长为455nm的LED光,光强为18w,在30℃下反应24h,用气相色谱和液相色谱对反应管内气体和液体进行定性定量分析,结果见表3。
表3 Mn的掺杂量影响甘油转化到丙酮醇和合成气
分析表3中结果可知,不同含量的Mn掺杂硫化镉作为催化剂都能催化甘油转化为丙酮醇和合成气,而当Mn的掺杂量为3wt%时,丙酮醇的生成速率最快。
Claims (10)
1.一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,其特征在于,具体如下:所述的方法以甘油为底物,在可见光光照条件下,惰性气体氛围中,在催化剂作用下,甘油发生光催化脱水,得到液相产物丙酮醇和气相产物合成气。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,其特征在于,所述的催化剂用量与甘油质量之比为20-50wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,其特征在于,所述的催化剂为金属掺杂的硫化镉。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,其特征在于,掺杂的金属为Fe、Co、Cu、Pt、Mn中的一种。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,其特征在于,掺杂的金属作为金属活性组分于催化剂中的质量含量为1-10wt%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,其特征在于,所述的惰性气体为不含氧气和氢气的气体。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,其特征在于,反应温度在15-60℃,反应时间为6-48h。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,其特征在于,所述的可见光光照的波长为300-500nm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,其特征在于,反应前需要将甘油溶于溶剂中,所述的溶剂为乙腈、水混合溶剂;其中乙腈体积占总溶剂的0-95%。
10.根据权利要求5所述的一种甘油光催化转化制备丙酮醇和合成气的方法,其特征在于,掺杂的金属作为金属活性组分于催化剂中的质量含量为3wt%。
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