CN116747846A - 一种纳米锌复合除臭剂及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种纳米锌复合除臭剂及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116747846A CN116747846A CN202310740813.3A CN202310740813A CN116747846A CN 116747846 A CN116747846 A CN 116747846A CN 202310740813 A CN202310740813 A CN 202310740813A CN 116747846 A CN116747846 A CN 116747846A
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- Prior art keywords
- nano zinc
- stirring
- nano
- zinc composite
- combination
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
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- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
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- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/14—Diatomaceous earth
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
- A61L9/014—Deodorant compositions containing sorbent material, e.g. activated carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
- B01D53/8612—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8634—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/024—Compounds of Zn, Cd, Hg
- B01J20/0244—Compounds of Zn
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Abstract
本发明涉及除臭用品技术领域,具体涉及一种纳米锌复合除臭剂及其制备方法与应用。将纳米锌混合液和抗菌助剂、表面活性剂混合后加入活化剂,进行活化,随后再加入螯合剂,继续进行活化;活化反应结束后,向体系中加入稳定剂,即制得纳米锌复合液。将硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭混合研磨,制得前驱物;将水与变性淀粉、无机盐混合,得到第二混合物;将前驱物和第二混合物混合加热搅拌,再向体系中加入纳米锌复合液搅拌混匀,即得纳米锌复合除臭剂。本发明制备得到的纳米锌复合除臭剂具有快速除臭特性,同时具有长效抗菌性,解决微生物繁殖问题,材料安全无毒,可降解,对环境友好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及除臭用品技术领域,具体涉及一种纳米锌复合除臭剂及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
在空间除臭领域内,人们常会用到一些固体除臭颗粒产品,如家居日用的除味包,宠物用的除臭颗粒等,这类除臭颗粒产品多以硅藻土或活性炭为基材制备而成,分为物理吸附型和香味掩盖型两大类。
物理吸附型除臭颗粒以吸附空气中或液体中的臭味分子为主要方式,比如活性炭颗粒,其存在一个重要指标——吸附饱和度,当除臭颗粒达到吸附饱和度后,其除臭效果将明显降低,甚至出现饱和后再释放的现象,致使未被吸附的异味再度散发至空气中;其次,由于消费者对于此类除臭颗粒的饱和度无法明确判断,即除臭颗粒没有一个固定的使用期限,导致很多消费者都不知道该何时对颗粒进行更换,此为这类除臭颗粒的使用不方便之处;目前市面产品会在普通除臭颗粒中添加各种香味,又或者添加多种植物提取成分进行辅助除味,香味只是对臭味进行了掩盖,而起不到真正除臭的效果,而植物提取成分的除臭效率较低,多数作用亦是共同掩盖臭味,无法从根源上消除NH3、H2S、硫醇和硫醚类臭味物质。
在充斥臭味的环境中,还存在一个微生物不断繁殖的难题,微生物是产生臭味的一个根源问题,也是造成环境微生物超标的重要因素,在宠物环境除臭方面尤为重要,而现有的除臭颗粒大多不具备此项性能,部分以植物提取成分做辅助抑菌作用,其控制微生物繁殖的能力较弱。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种纳米锌复合除臭剂及其制备方法与应用。
发明思路:将含有粒径为8nm~95nm的纳米锌混合液进行复配和稳定后与粒径为10~3000目的硅藻土进行结合,纳米级别的锌与硅藻土进行协同作用,在提高颗粒吸附性能的同时,显著增强了颗粒的除味效果。当向硅藻土中加入纳米级别的锌粒子时,具有比表面效应和小尺寸效应的锌粒子可以充分均匀的分散在硅藻土的孔隙中,在孔隙表面形成纳米锌层,协同硅藻土使得对有害物质的吸附作用更为明显;另一方面,锌具有催化作用,不同于香味的掩盖作用,锌的高活性表面使得其在处理臭味分子的过程中起到催化分解作用,使得颗粒的除味除臭效果相比于单一的硅藻土或者单一的纳米锌复合除臭剂有显著的增加。此外,抗菌剂通常需要以液体状态与细菌等进行有效接触,从而起到抗菌作用,但是不能进行持续抗菌,本发明将锌固化结合于硅藻土与活性炭的孔隙中,表面含有的锌粒子与细菌等进行接触抗菌而不被损耗,从而达到持续抗菌和持续除臭的目的。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
本发明公开了一种纳米锌复合除臭剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)向纳米锌混合液中加入抗菌助剂、表面活性剂,得到第一混合液;向第一混合液中加入活化剂,搅拌进行第一活化反应,得到活化液A;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的活化液A中加入螯合剂,继续搅拌进行第二活化反应,得到活化液B;活化反应结束后,向活化液B中加入稳定剂,搅拌混匀,即制得纳米锌复合液;
(3)将硅藻土与绒毛浆进行混合研磨,制得前驱物A;向前驱物A中加入活性炭混合研磨,制得前驱物B;
(4)将水与变性淀粉、无机盐混合,加热搅拌均匀,得到第二混合物;
(5)向步骤(3)得到的前驱物B中加入步骤(4)得到的第二混合物,加热搅拌,随后向混合体系中加入步骤(2)得到的纳米锌复合液,搅拌混匀,静置,造粒,干燥,即得纳米锌复合除臭剂。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,所述纳米锌混合液中溶剂为水,纳米锌混合液中纳米锌粒子的浓度为48~52wt%,纳米锌粒子的粒径为8nm~95nm;所述抗菌助剂为有机抗菌剂;所述有机抗菌剂为双胍类抗菌剂、有机醛类抗菌剂、季铵盐类抗菌剂和杂环类抗菌剂中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述表面活性剂为非离子表面活性剂;所述非离子表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯和聚醚中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述活化剂为天然环糊精、修饰环糊精和有机羧酸中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述天然环糊精为α-环糊精、β-环糊精和γ-环糊精中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述修饰环糊精为多元酸修饰环糊精、氨基酸修饰环糊精、多肽修饰环糊精、寡肽修饰环糊精和壳聚糖修饰环糊精中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述有机羧酸为柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸和水杨酸中的任意一种或几种的组合。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,优选地,所述纳米锌混合液中溶剂为水,纳米锌混合液中纳米锌粒子的浓度为50wt%,纳米锌粒子的粒径为8nm~95nm。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,优选地,所述抗菌助剂为有机抗菌剂;所述有机抗菌剂为双胍类抗菌剂、有机醛类抗菌剂、季铵盐类抗菌剂和杂环类抗菌剂中的任意一种或几种的组合,更优选为季铵盐类抗菌剂;所述双胍类抗菌剂为聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐PHMB;所述有机醛类抗菌剂为戊二醛;所述季铵盐类抗菌剂为十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵;所述杂环类抗菌剂为异噻唑啉酮。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,优选地,所述非离子表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚或脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯,更优选为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚;所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚AEO-10;所述壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-10;所述脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯为油酸聚氧乙烯酯OEO-115。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,优选地,所述活化剂为天然环糊精、修饰环糊精和有机羧酸中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述天然环糊精为β-环糊精;所述修饰环糊精为氨基酸修饰环糊精或壳聚糖修饰环糊精,更优选为氨基酸修饰环糊精;所述氨基酸修饰环糊精为色氨酸修饰β-环糊精;所述有机羧酸为柠檬酸。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为20~60:10~40:4~20:10~30;所述搅拌进行第一活化反应,搅拌速率为1000~4000rpm,活化反应温度为45~90℃,活化反应时间为1~3h。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,优选地,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为25~55:10~40:4~20:10~30;进一步优选地,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为40:10~40:4~20:10~30。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,优选地,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为20~60:15~35:4~20:10~30;进一步优选地,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为20~60:30:4~20:10~30。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,优选地,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为20~60:10~40:5~9:10~30;进一步优选地,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为20~60:10~40:8:10~30。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,优选地,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为20~60:10~40:4~20:12~18;进一步优选地,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为20~60:10~40:4~20:16。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,优选地,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为25~55:15~35:5~9:12~18;进一步优选地,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为40:30:8:16。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中,优选地,所述搅拌进行第一活化反应,搅拌速率为1500~3500rpm,活化反应温度为50~85℃,活化反应时间为1.5~2.5h;进一步优选地,所述搅拌进行第一活化反应,搅拌速率为2500rpm,活化反应温度为80℃,活化反应时间为2h。
在一些实施例中,步骤(2)中,所述螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸、氨基三乙酸和柠檬酸铵中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述稳定剂为甘油、羧甲基纤维素钠、海藻酸钠和羟丙基纤维素中的任意一种或几种的组合。
在一些实施例中,步骤(2)中,优选地,所述的螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸;所述稳定剂为甘油、羧甲基纤维素钠或海藻酸钠,更优选为甘油。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中纳米锌混合液与步骤(2)中螯合剂、稳定剂的质量比为20~60:1~3:2~6。
在一些实施例中,优选地,步骤(1)中纳米锌混合液与步骤(2)中螯合剂、稳定剂的质量比为20~60:1.2~2.8:2~6;进一步优选地,步骤(1)中纳米锌混合液与步骤(2)中螯合剂、稳定剂的质量比为20~60:2:2~6。
在一些实施例中,优选地,步骤(1)中纳米锌混合液与步骤(2)中螯合剂、稳定剂的质量比为20~60:1~3:2.5~5.5;进一步优选地,步骤(1)中纳米锌混合液与步骤(2)中螯合剂、稳定剂的质量比为20~60:1~3:4。
在一些实施例中,优选地,步骤(1)中纳米锌混合液与步骤(2)中螯合剂、稳定剂的质量比为20~60:1.2~2.8:2.5~5.5;进一步优选地,步骤(1)中纳米锌混合液与步骤(2)中螯合剂、稳定剂的质量比为20~60:2:4。
在一些实施例中,步骤(2)中,所述搅拌进行第二活化反应,搅拌速率为600~2000rpm,活化反应温度为35~80℃,活化反应时间为0.5~1.5h。
在一些实施例中,步骤(2)中,优选地,所述搅拌进行第二活化反应,搅拌速率为800~1600rpm,活化反应温度为50~70℃,活化反应时间为0.75~1.25h;进一步优选地,所述搅拌进行第二活化反应,搅拌速率为1000rpm,活化反应温度为60℃,活化反应时间为1h。
在一些实施例中,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土为改性高孔硅藻土、复合硅藻土和天然硅藻土中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述硅藻土的粒径为10~3000目;所述活性炭为煤质活性炭、木质活性炭和合成材料活性炭中的任意一种或几种的组合。
在一些实施例中,步骤(3)中,优选地,所述硅藻土为天然硅藻土;所述硅藻土的粒径为100~800目,更优选为325目;所述活性炭为煤质活性炭或木质活性炭;所述煤质活性炭为粉状煤质活性炭;所述木质活性炭为粉状木质活性炭、柱状木质活性炭或椰壳活性炭,更优选为粉状木质活性炭。
在一些实施例中,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭的质量比为35~65:5~25:5~15。
在一些实施例中,优选地,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭的质量比为40~60:5~25:5~15;进一步优选地,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭的质量比为48:5~25:5~15。
在一些实施例中,优选地,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭的质量比为35~65:6~20:5~15;进一步优选地,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭的质量比为35~65:10:5~15。
在一些实施例中,优选地,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭的质量比为35~65:5~25:6~12;进一步优选地,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭的质量比为35~65:5~25:7。
在一些实施例中,优选地,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭的质量比为40~60:6~20:6~12;进一步优选地,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭的质量比为48:10:7。
在一些实施例中,步骤(4)中,所述变性淀粉为氧化淀粉、交联淀粉、阳离子淀粉和接枝淀粉中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述无机盐为氯化钙、氯化钠、磷酸钙、碳酸氢钙和磷酸氢钙中的任意一种或几种的组合。
在一些实施例中,步骤(4)中,优选地,所述变性淀粉为氧化淀粉或交联淀粉;所述氧化淀粉为羟丙基二淀粉磷酸酯;所述交联淀粉为磷酸化交联二淀粉磷酸酯或乙酰化二淀粉磷酸酯,更优选为磷酸化交联二淀粉磷酸酯;所述无机盐为氯化钙、氯化钠或碳酸氢钙,更优选为碳酸氢钙。
在一些实施例中,步骤(4)中,所述水与变性淀粉、无机盐的质量比为5~20:4~12:1~5;所述加热搅拌,搅拌速率为750~850rpm,加热温度为58~62℃。
在一些实施例中,步骤(4)中,优选地,所述水与变性淀粉、无机盐的质量比为8~16:4~12:1~5;进一步优选地,所述水与变性淀粉、无机盐的质量比为12:4~12:1~5。
在一些实施例中,步骤(4)中,优选地,所述水与变性淀粉、无机盐的质量比为5~20:8~12:1~5;进一步优选地,所述水与变性淀粉、无机盐的质量比为5~20:9:1~5。
在一些实施例中,步骤(4)中,优选地,所述水与变性淀粉、无机盐的质量比为5~20:4~12:2~4;进一步优选地,所述水与变性淀粉、无机盐的质量比为5~20:4~12:3。
在一些实施例中,步骤(4)中,优选地,所述水与变性淀粉、无机盐的质量比为8~16:8~12:2~4;进一步优选地,所述水与变性淀粉、无机盐的质量比为12:9:3。
在一些实施例中,步骤(4)中,优选地,所述加热搅拌,搅拌速率为800rpm,加热温度为60℃。
在一些实施例中,步骤(5)中,前驱物B中的硅藻土与第二混合物中的变性淀粉、纳米锌复合液的质量比为35~65:4~12:5~15;所述加热搅拌,加热温度为60~95℃,搅拌速率为800~1600rpm;所述静置,静置时间为18~30h。
在一些实施例中,步骤(5)中,优选地,前驱物B中的硅藻土与第二混合物中的变性淀粉、纳米锌复合液的质量比为35~65:4~12:6~14;进一步优选地,前驱物B中的硅藻土与第二混合物中的变性淀粉、纳米锌复合液的质量比为35~65:4~12:9。
在一些实施例中,步骤(5)中,优选地,所述加热搅拌,加热温度为65~90℃,搅拌速率为900~1200rpm;所述静置,静置时间为20~28h;进一步优选地,所述加热搅拌,加热温度为80℃,搅拌速率为1100rpm;所述静置,静置时间为24h。
上述的制备方法制备得到的纳米锌复合除臭剂也在本发明的保护范围之内。
上述的纳米锌复合除臭剂在家居和/或宠物的抑菌和/或除臭中的应用也在本发明的保护范围之内。
具体来说,上述的纳米锌复合除臭剂在家居抑菌、家居除臭、宠物抑菌、宠物除臭中的任意一种场合或几种的组合场合中的应用也在本发明的保护范围之内。
其中,所述抑菌为抑制大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌或白色念珠菌;所述除臭为消减氨、硫化氢或甲硫醚的臭味。
上述制备方法中使用的纳米锌是公认的具有抗菌作用的材料,其具有一定的抗菌能力,但普通的纳米锌抗菌作用较弱,可采用改性或复配的方式以提高纳米锌的抗菌效果;同时,纳米级别的锌具有纳米材料的独特效应:比表面效应,小尺寸效应,将纳米锌与吸附性高分子材料相互结合,充分发挥了纳米材料的特性,经检测证实,制备而成的纳米锌复合除臭剂具有更加高效的除臭性能。
有益效果:
(1)本发明制备得到的纳米锌复合除臭剂具有快速除臭特性,同时经环糊精活化处理的纳米锌具备更优的催化分解特性和持久性,有利于活化处理的纳米锌提高稳定性,在使用时更是达到持续性祛味除臭的目的,同时利用纳米锌的长效性使其具备了长效抗菌性,解决微生物繁殖问题,材料安全无毒,可降解,对环境友好。
(2)本发明制备得到的纳米锌复合除臭剂具有快速除臭性,利用纳米锌的催化分解特性将吸附异味与分解异味的功能充分契合。
(3)本发明使用的稳定剂能够提高纳米锌复合除臭剂的稳定性,保证其在使用过程中的均一稳定性,不分层,不团聚。
(4)本发明提供的纳米锌复合除臭剂具有优异的除臭效果,其对氨气、硫化氢、甲硫醚等主要臭味物质的去除率>90%,对金黄色葡萄球菌及大肠杆菌的抑菌率≥95.9%,具有优异的长效抗菌效果,取已使用7天的纳米锌复合除臭剂进行检测,除臭率>90%,抑菌率仍为≥95.8%。
(5)本发明提供的纳米锌复合除臭剂安全无毒,对环境友好,可应用于多种场合,环保无污染。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做更进一步的具体说明,本发明的上述和/或其他方面的优点将会变得更加清楚。
图1为本发明纳米锌复合除臭剂的抗菌效果图。
图2为本发明纳米锌复合除臭剂使用7天后的长效抗菌效果图。
图3为本发明纳米锌复合除臭剂使用14天后的长效抗菌效果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细的描述,但并不以此作为对本申请保护范围的限定。
实施例1
(1)向20质量份含有粒径为8nm~95nm锌粒子的纳米锌混合液(溶剂为水,混合液中纳米锌粒子的浓度为50wt%)加入40质量份戊二醛,20质量份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚AEO-10,混合搅拌制成第一混合液;向第一混合液中加入11质量份柠檬酸,4000rpm搅拌,在90℃下进行活化反应3h后,制得活化液A。
(2)向步骤(1)得到的活化液A中加入3质量份柠檬酸铵,2000rpm搅拌,在80℃下进行活化反应1.5h后,制得活化液B;活化反应结束后,向活化液B中加入6质量份羧甲基纤维素钠,搅拌混匀,制得纳米锌复合液。
(3)将38质量份100目天然硅藻土(东风牌)与20质量份绒毛浆进行混合研磨,制得前驱物A;向前驱物A中加入8质量份粉状煤质活性炭(绿川吉),搅拌混合,研磨制得前驱物B。
(4)向12份蒸馏水中加入8质量份羟丙基二淀粉磷酸酯、3质量份氯化钠,在60℃,800rpm条件下加热搅拌均匀,得到第二混合物。
(5)将步骤4制得的第二混合物加入到步骤3制得的前驱物B中,在60℃下搅拌,搅拌转速为800rpm,同时缓慢加入步骤2制得的纳米锌复合液9质量份,混合搅拌均匀,静置18h后置于制粒机中进行造粒,干燥成型,制得纳米锌复合除臭剂。
实施例2
(1)向40质量份含有粒径为8nm~95nm锌粒子的纳米锌混合液(溶剂为水,混合液中纳米锌粒子的浓度为50wt%)加入30质量份十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵,8质量份壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-10,混合搅拌制成第一混合液;向第一混合液中加入16质量份色氨酸修饰β-环糊精,2500rpm搅拌,在85℃下进行活化反应2h后,制得活化液A。
(2)向步骤(1)得到的活化液A中加入2质量份乙二胺四乙酸,1000rpm搅拌,在60℃下进行活化反应1h后,制得活化液B;活化反应结束后,向活化液B中加入4质量份甘油,搅拌混匀,制得纳米锌复合液。
(3)将48质量份325目天然硅藻土(东风牌)与10质量份绒毛浆进行混合研磨,制得前驱物A;向前驱物A中加入7质量份粉状木质活性炭(绿川吉),搅拌混合,研磨制得前驱物B。
(4)向12份蒸馏水中加入9质量份磷酸化交联二淀粉磷酸酯、3质量份碳酸氢钙,在60℃,800rpm条件下加热搅拌均匀,得到第二混合物。
(5)将步骤4制得的第二混合物加入到步骤3制得的前驱物B中,在80℃下搅拌,搅拌转速为1100rpm,同时缓慢加入步骤2制得的纳米锌复合液9质量份,混合搅拌均匀,静置24h后置于制粒机中进行造粒,干燥成型,制得纳米锌复合除臭剂。
实施例3
(1)向60质量份含有粒径为8nm~95nm锌粒子的纳米锌混合液(溶剂为水,混合液中纳米锌粒子的浓度为50wt%)加入10质量份异噻唑啉酮,17质量份壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-10,混合搅拌制成第一混合液;向第一混合液中加入10质量份β-环糊精,1000rpm搅拌,在45℃下进行活化反应1h后,制得活化液A。
(2)向步骤(1)得到的活化液A中加入1质量份乙二胺四乙酸,600rpm搅拌,在35℃下进行活化反应0.5h后,制得活化液B;活化反应结束后,向活化液B中加入2质量份海藻酸钠,搅拌混匀,制得纳米锌复合液。
(3)将35质量份800目天然硅藻土(东风牌)与25质量份绒毛浆进行混合研磨,制得前驱物A;向前驱物A中加入15质量份柱状木质活性炭(绿川吉),搅拌混合,研磨制得前驱物B。
(4)向14份蒸馏水中加入4质量份磷酸化交联二淀粉磷酸酯、1质量份氯化钙,在60℃,800rpm条件下加热搅拌均匀,得到第二混合物。
(5)将步骤4制得的第二混合物加入到步骤3制得的前驱物B中,在95℃下搅拌,搅拌转速为1600rpm,同时缓慢加入步骤2制得的纳米锌复合液5质量份,混合搅拌均匀,静置30h后置于制粒机中进行造粒,干燥成型,制得纳米锌复合除臭剂。
实施例4
(1)向45质量份含有粒径为8nm~95nm锌粒子的纳米锌混合液(溶剂为水,混合液中纳米锌粒子的浓度为50wt%)加入20质量份聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐PHMB,8质量份油酸聚氧乙烯酯OEO-115,混合搅拌制成第一混合液;向第一混合液中加入20质量份壳聚糖环糊精,2500rpm搅拌,在85℃下进行活化反应2h后,制得活化液A。
(2)向步骤(1)得到的活化液A中加入3质量份氨基三乙酸,1000rpm搅拌,在60℃下进行活化反应1h后,制得活化液B;活化反应结束后,向活化液B中加入4质量份海藻酸钠,搅拌混匀,制得纳米锌复合液。
(3)将65质量份325目天然硅藻土(东风牌)与5质量份绒毛浆进行混合研磨,制得前驱物A;向前驱物A中加入5质量份椰壳活性炭(绿川吉),搅拌混合,研磨制得前驱物B。
(4)向10份蒸馏水中加入4质量份乙酰化二淀粉磷酸酯、1质量份氯化钠,在60℃,800rpm条件下加热搅拌均匀,得到第二混合物。
(5)将步骤4制得的第二混合物加入到步骤3制得的前驱物B中,在95℃下搅拌,搅拌转速为1100rpm,同时缓慢加入步骤2制得的纳米锌复合液9质量份,混合搅拌均匀,静置24h后置于制粒机中进行造粒,干燥成型,制得纳米锌复合除臭剂。
对比例1:纳米锌复合液的制备
(1)向40质量份含有粒径为8nm~95nm锌粒子的纳米锌混合液(溶剂为水,混合液中纳米锌粒子的浓度为50wt%)加入30质量份十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵,8质量份壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-10,混合搅拌制成第一混合液;向第一混合液中加入16质量份柠檬酸,2500rpm搅拌,在85℃下进行活化反应2h后,制得活化液A。
(2)向步骤(1)得到的活化液A中加入2质量份乙二胺四乙酸,1000rpm搅拌,在60℃下进行活化反应1h后,制得活化液B;活化反应结束后,向活化液B中加入4质量份海藻酸钠,搅拌混匀,制得纳米锌复合液。
对比例2:不含纳米锌复合液的复合除臭剂的制备
(1)将48质量份粒径为10~3000目的325目天然硅藻土(东风牌)与10质量份绒毛浆进行混合研磨,制得前驱物A;向前驱物A中加入7质量份椰壳活性炭(绿川吉),搅拌混合,研磨制得前驱物B。
(2)向12份蒸馏水中加入9质量份乙酰化二淀粉磷酸酯、3质量份碳酸氢钙,在60℃,800rpm条件下加热搅拌均匀,得到第二混合物。
(3)将步骤2制得的第二混合物加入到步骤1制得的前驱物B中,在80℃下搅拌,搅拌转速为1100rpm,同时缓慢加入9质量份蒸馏水,混合搅拌均匀,静置24h后置于制粒机中进行造粒,干燥成型,制得不含纳米锌复合液的复合除臭剂。
实施例5
根据QB_T 2761-2006室内空气净化产品净化效果的测定方法和计算方法进行测定并计算,测试本发明实施例1~4和对比例1~2制备的产品的净化除臭效果,具体参见表1。
表1净化除臭效果
根据QB_T 2761-2006室内空气净化产品净化效果的测定方法和计算方法进行测定并计算,将纳米锌复合除臭剂放置于猫砂盆内进行正常使用,于7日、14日后进行取样检测纳米锌复合除臭剂(实施例1~4)的净化除臭效果,具体结果见表2。
表2本实验例模拟纳米锌复合除臭剂的长效除臭效果
根据WS/T650-2019《抗菌和抑菌效果评价方法》的检测方法和计算方法进行测定并计算,测试本发明实施例1~4和对比例1~2的复合除臭剂的抗菌效果,具体参见表3。
表3抗菌效果
实施例1~4和对比例1~2制备的复合除臭剂的抗菌检测试验中微生物培养的结果图如图1所示,结果表明:本发明的纳米锌复合除臭剂具有较好的抗菌效果,而单独的纳米锌复合液或不含纳米锌复合液的复合除臭剂抗菌效果差。
根据WS/T650-2019《抗菌和抑菌效果评价方法》的检测方法和计算方法进行测定并计算,将纳米锌复合除臭剂放置于猫砂盆内进行正常使用,于7日、14日后进行取样检测纳米锌复合除臭剂的抗菌效果,具体结果见表4。
表4本实验例模拟纳米锌复合除臭剂的长效抗菌效果
将纳米锌复合除臭剂放置于猫砂盆内进行正常使用,于7日、14日后进行取样检测纳米锌复合除臭剂的抗菌效果,具体的抗菌检测试验中微生物培养的结果图如图2、图3所示,结果表明:日常使用7天或14天后纳米锌复合除臭剂仍然具有较好的抗菌作用。
从表2和表4可见,本发明的纳米锌复合除臭剂具有较好的长效除臭效果和长效抗菌效果,日常使用14天后仍然具有大于等于90%的净化除臭效果和大于等于94%的抗菌作用。
上述的实验结果表明:纳米锌在载体上使用时体现物理抗菌与催化除臭的长效特性,本发明将长效而稳定的纳米锌与吸附性高分子材料相互结合,发挥纳米材料的特性,弥补单一吸附材料的缺陷,协同提升对臭味因子的吸附与分解,达到持续性祛味除臭的目的,同时提升载体长效抗菌方面的技术优势,解决微生物繁殖引起的臭味与微生物污染问题,通过实施例与对比例的数据表明,本发明的实施例具备优良的除臭和抗菌性能,弥补如对比例所示除臭抗菌性能较弱的缺陷,同时结合纳米锌材料的安全无毒、对环境友好的特性,综合提升技术优势。
本发明提供了一种纳米锌复合除臭剂及其制备方法与应用的思路及方法,具体实现该技术方案的方法和途径很多,以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。
Claims (14)
1.一种纳米锌复合除臭剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)向纳米锌混合液中加入抗菌助剂、表面活性剂,得到第一混合液;向第一混合液中加入活化剂,搅拌进行第一活化反应,得到活化液A;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的活化液A中加入螯合剂,继续搅拌进行第二活化反应,得到活化液B;活化反应结束后,向活化液B中加入稳定剂,搅拌混匀,即制得纳米锌复合液;
(3)将硅藻土与绒毛浆进行混合研磨,制得前驱物A;向前驱物A中加入活性炭混合研磨,制得前驱物B;
(4)将水与变性淀粉、无机盐混合,加热搅拌均匀,得到第二混合物;
(5)向步骤(3)得到的前驱物B中加入步骤(4)得到的第二混合物,加热搅拌,随后向混合体系中加入步骤(2)得到的纳米锌复合液,搅拌混匀,静置,造粒,干燥,即得纳米锌复合除臭剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述纳米锌混合液中溶剂为水,纳米锌混合液中纳米锌粒子的浓度为48~52wt%,纳米锌粒子的粒径为8nm~95nm;所述抗菌助剂为有机抗菌剂;所述有机抗菌剂为双胍类抗菌剂、有机醛类抗菌剂、季铵盐类抗菌剂和杂环类抗菌剂中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述表面活性剂为非离子表面活性剂;所述非离子表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯和聚醚中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述活化剂为天然环糊精、修饰环糊精和有机羧酸中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述天然环糊精为α-环糊精、β-环糊精和γ-环糊精中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述修饰环糊精为多元酸修饰环糊精、氨基酸修饰环糊精、多肽修饰环糊精、寡肽修饰环糊精和壳聚糖修饰环糊精中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述有机羧酸为柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸和水杨酸中的任意一种或几种的组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述纳米锌混合液与抗菌助剂、表面活性剂、活化剂的质量比为20~60:10~40:4~20:10~30;所述搅拌进行第一活化反应,搅拌速率为1000~4000rpm,活化反应温度为45~90℃,活化反应时间为1~3h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸、氨基三乙酸和柠檬酸铵中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述稳定剂为甘油、羧甲基纤维素钠、海藻酸钠和羟丙基纤维素中的任意一种或几种的组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中纳米锌混合液与步骤(2)中螯合剂、稳定剂的质量比为20~60:1~3:2~6。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述搅拌进行第二活化反应,搅拌速率为600~2000rpm,活化反应温度为35~80℃,活化反应时间为0.5~1.5h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土为改性高孔硅藻土、复合硅藻土和天然硅藻土中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述硅藻土的粒径为10~3000目;所述活性炭为煤质活性炭、木质活性炭和合成材料活性炭中的任意一种或几种的组合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述硅藻土与绒毛浆、活性炭的质量比为35~65:5~25:5~15。
9.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述变性淀粉为氧化淀粉、交联淀粉、阳离子淀粉和接枝淀粉中的任意一种或几种的组合;所述无机盐为氯化钙、氯化钠、磷酸钙、碳酸氢钙和磷酸氢钙中的任意一种或几种的组合。
10.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述水与变性淀粉、无机盐的质量比为5~20:4~12:1~5;所述加热搅拌,搅拌速率为750~850rpm,加热温度为58~62℃。
11.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,前驱物B中的硅藻土与第二混合物中的变性淀粉、纳米锌复合液的质量比为35~65:4~12:5~15;所述加热搅拌,加热温度为60~95℃,搅拌速率为800~1600rpm;所述静置,静置时间为18~30h。
12.权利要求1~11中任意一项所述的制备方法制备得到的纳米锌复合除臭剂。
13.权利要求12所述的纳米锌复合除臭剂在家居和/或宠物的抑菌和/或除臭中的应用。
14.根据权利要求13所述的应用,其特征在于,所述抑菌为抑制大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌或白色念珠菌;所述除臭为消减氨、硫化氢或甲硫醚的臭味。
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