CN116731021A - 用于肿瘤靶向成像的荧光探针化合物及其合成方法和应用 - Google Patents
用于肿瘤靶向成像的荧光探针化合物及其合成方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- A61K49/0013—Luminescence
- A61K49/0017—Fluorescence in vivo
- A61K49/0019—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the fluorescent group, e.g. oligomeric, polymeric or dendritic molecules
- A61K49/0021—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the fluorescent group, e.g. oligomeric, polymeric or dendritic molecules the fluorescent group being a small organic molecule
- A61K49/0032—Methine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
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- A61K49/001—Preparation for luminescence or biological staining
- A61K49/0013—Luminescence
- A61K49/0017—Fluorescence in vivo
- A61K49/0019—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the fluorescent group, e.g. oligomeric, polymeric or dendritic molecules
- A61K49/0045—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the fluorescent group, e.g. oligomeric, polymeric or dendritic molecules the fluorescent agent being a peptide or protein used for imaging or diagnosis in vivo
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/02—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing at least one abnormal peptide link
- C07K5/0202—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing at least one abnormal peptide link containing the structure -NH-X-X-C(=0)-, X being an optionally substituted carbon atom or a heteroatom, e.g. beta-amino acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/02—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing at least one abnormal peptide link
- C07K5/0215—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing at least one abnormal peptide link containing natural amino acids, forming a peptide bond via their side chain functional group, e.g. epsilon-Lys, gamma-Glu
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1007—Non-condensed systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1059—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing three nitrogen atoms as heteroatoms
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于肿瘤靶向成像的荧光探针化合物及其合成方法和应用,所述化合物的结构如式I所示,对于靶向表达靶受体的肿瘤细胞具有高度亲和力和选择性,能够对表达靶受体的肿瘤细胞进行体内外示踪、受体亲和力及作用机制等相关实验的定位、定性和定量的分析,具有高度特异性、灵敏性和直观性。本发明的荧光探针在正常组织内能迅速清除,而在肿瘤部位长时间滞留,从而能达到活体诊断的作用,具备一定的临床应用前景,应用于临床术中导航。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于特异性分子靶向诊断试剂技术领域,涉及一种用于肿瘤靶向成像的荧光探针化合物及其合成方法和应用。
背景技术
癌症一直是困扰人类的世纪性难题,为此诞生了多种治疗手段,包括手术切除、化学治疗、放射治疗以及生物治疗等等。尽管手术切除恶性肿瘤组织的手段并不能做到完全清除,但是在所有可检测到的恶性肿瘤组织切除的癌症患者中,约50%未检测到该病复发,并且可能延长预期寿命或减少癌症复发的发病率,因此手术切除仍是目前最常用、最有效的治疗手段。正由于完全切除恶性肿瘤组织的重要性,所以能够确保精确和完全的鉴定恶性肿瘤组织的诊断手段具有极大的应用价值。
尽管人们已经认识到彻底除去肿瘤的重要性和一些鉴定技术在使肿瘤块显影方面的可利用性,但是许多恶性肿瘤组织仍然逃过了检测,导致疾病复发且最终导致死亡。因此,如何实现更精准、更完全的肿瘤鉴定是该领域亟待解决的核心问题。随着荧光染料的发现和应用,一种叫做“荧光引导手术”的术中导航技术逐渐成为外科手术中的“宠儿”。该技术利用特定波长激发光照射,激发肿瘤自身荧光、滞留的荧光分子或细胞摄取的外源性荧光物质发出荧光,进而引导医生对肿瘤进行精准切除。然而,由于荧光染料本身并不具备靶向性,其不仅聚集在肿瘤组织中,同时也在正常组织中发生累积,可能会导致过度切除而伤害周围正常组织,因此需要开发一种具有靶向性的荧光探针。
由于其高度受疾病限制的表达模式,叶酸受体的α同工型(FR-α)被公认为一种有前途的受体,可用于开发癌症的靶向诊断和治疗方法。同时最近有研究报道,FR-β特异性高表达于肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAM)和髓源性抑制细胞(MDSC)表面,并将其鉴定为免疫抑制性MDSC和TAM的标志物,为抗肿瘤的精准免疫治疗提供了有利工具。同时,由于叶酸受体显示出与叶酸和叶酸缀合物大致相等的结合亲和力(Kd=10-9M),并通过受体介导的内吞作用表现出内化作用,因此叶酸经常被用于肿瘤靶向诊断和治疗药物的靶头设计。
荧光素5-异硫氰酸酯(Fluorescein isothiocyanate,FITC)是一种荧光素的衍生物,用异硫氰酸酯反应基团(-N=C=S)取代了原始荧光素结构底部环上的氢原子得到的功能化的荧光素分子,具有高吸收率、优良的荧光量子产率和良好的水溶性等特点,可用于包括流式细胞术在内的广泛应用,是目前最常用的荧光标志物。相较于近红外区的菁染料,FITC的激发和发射波长更短,虽然作为荧光引导手术的显影剂其不是最佳选择,但作为一个可视化荧光探针工具,其适用性更广,例如叶酸偶联FITC的分子荧光探针EC17,是最初被应用于临床的经典FR靶向荧光探针,其已被证明可选择性的积聚在癌症中,如乳腺癌、肺腺癌、卵巢癌等。然而,由于其发射波长在可见波长范围内,EC17仍存在不能成功显现埋藏的癌结节进而导致许多隐匿性病变未被发现的问题。最新研究发现(J.Med.Chem.2018,61,9637-9646),将叶酸分子作为识别基团,通过偶联近红外区域的菁染料合成一种新型的近红外荧光探针OTL38,其照亮肿瘤组织表面以下显著深度的同时,能够在高表达叶酸受体的癌症包括卵巢癌、非小细胞肺癌等肿瘤组织中实现荧光染料的聚集,并已被初步应用于临床实验。然而,以上相关研究均采用传统的叶酸分子作为靶向配体与荧光染料缀合,不可避免的造成了受体亲和力的下降,进而导致在正常组织中发生不期望的累积。
有鉴于此,开发一系列能够以更高亲和力实现特异性的靶向肿瘤组织及体内组织成像的分子荧光探针尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于发明一种能够以更高亲和力实现特异性的靶向肿瘤组织及体内组织成像的分子荧光探针化合物,并同时提供其制备方法和应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案是:
本发明第一方面提供了一种化合物或其药学可接受的盐,所述化合物的结构如式I所示:
其中:
m选自0、1、2、3、4、或5;
W选自,饱和或不饱和的C1-C5直链或支链烃基;
Q选自饱和或不饱和的C1-C5直链或支链烃基、由一个或多个独立的R1取代或非取代的芳基,由一个或多个独立的R1取代或非取代的含有1-3个选自N、O、S的5-6元的杂芳基,一个或多个独立的R1取代或非取代的含有1-3个选自N、O、S的5-6元杂环基,一个或多个独立的R1取代或非取代的C3-C7的饱和或不饱和单环烷基;
所述R1选自卤素、NO2、CN、OH、C1-C5直链或支链烃基、C1-C5直链或支链烃氧基、CF3、OCF3;
A选自
X选自半胱氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、色氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、或任意两种缩合形成的酰胺化衍生物;
Y选自具有在可见光谱中的荧光激发和在近红外范围中的发射光谱的染料。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述C1-C5直链或支链烃基选自C1-C5烷基、C2-C5烯基、C2-C5炔基;所述C1-C5烷基选自—CH3、—CH2CH3、—CH(CH3)2、—(CH2)2CH3、—(CH2)3CH3、—(CH2)4CH3、—CH(CH3)CH2CH3、—C(CH3)3、—CH(CH3)(CH2)2CH3、—CH2CH(CH2)2CH3、—CH2C(CH2)3;
所述C2-C5烯基选自乙烯基、异丙烯基、正丙烯基、正丁烯基、异丁烯基、仲丁烯基、正戊烯基、异戊烯基;
所述C2-C5炔基选自乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基。
所述含有1-3个选自N、O、S的5-6元的杂芳基选自噻吩基、吡咯基、呋喃基、吡啶、咪唑基;
所述含有1-3个选自N、O、S的5-6元杂环基选自哌嗪基、吗啉基、哌啶、四氢吡咯基;
所述X选自半胱氨酸、酪氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、或任意两种缩合形成的酰胺化衍生物。
作为本发明进一步的改进,所述X选自半胱氨酸、酪氨酸、或任意一种与谷氨酸缩合形成的酰胺化衍生物。
作为本发明进一步的改进,所述Y选自异硫氰酸荧光素FITC、染料IR-783和S0456。
作为本发明进一步的改进,所述化合物选自:
本发明所述的“药学上可接受的盐”是指本发明化合物的盐,由本发明化合物与相对无毒的酸或碱制备。当本发明的化合物中含有相对酸性的功能团时,可以通过在纯的溶液或合适的惰性溶剂中用足够量的碱与本发明化合物的中性形式接触的方式获得碱加成盐。药学上可接受的碱包括无机碱及有机碱制备的盐,所述的无机碱的盐包括铝盐、铵盐、钙盐、铜盐、铁盐、亚铁盐、锂盐、镁盐、锰盐、亚锰盐、钾盐、钠盐、锌盐等。所述的有机无毒碱的盐,包括伯胺、仲胺和叔胺的盐,包括取取代胺和环状胺。例如:N,N’—二苄基乙二胺、二乙胺、2—二乙基氨基乙醇、2—二甲基氨基乙醇、氨基乙醇、乙醇胺、乙二胺、N—乙基吗啉、N—乙基哌啶、葡萄糖胺、氨基葡萄糖、组氨酸、羟钴胺、异丙基胺、赖氨酸、甲基葡萄糖胺、吗啉、哌嗪、哌啶、呱咤、多胺树脂、普鲁卡因、嘌呤、可可碱、三乙胺、三甲胺、三丙胺等。当本发明的化合物中含有相对碱性的官能团时,可以通过在纯的溶液或合适的惰性溶剂中用足够量的酸与这类化合物的中性形式接触的方式获得酸加成盐。药学上可接受的酸加成盐的实例包括无机酸盐,所述无机酸包括例如盐酸、氢溴酸、硝酸、碳酸、碳酸氢根、磷酸、磷酸一氢根、磷酸二氢根、硫酸、硫酸氢根、氢碘酸、亚磷酸等;以及有机酸盐,所述有机酸包括如乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、马来酸、丙二酸、苯甲酸、琥珀酸、辛二酸、反丁烯二酸、乳酸、扁桃酸、邻苯二甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸和甲磺酸等类似的酸。
本发明第二方面提供了一种包含上述化合物的组合物,其还包括至少一种药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
本发明第三方面提供了一种上述化合物在制备用于肿瘤靶向成像的肿瘤诊断试剂中的用途。
本发明第四方面提供了一种化合物在制备肿瘤精准手术导航的活体荧光成像试剂中的应用。
作为本发明一些优选的实施方案,所述肿瘤为肝癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、胰腺癌、结直肠癌中的一种或多种。
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果在于:
本发明提供的用于肿瘤靶向成像的荧光探针化合物,对于靶向表达靶受体的肿瘤细胞具有高度亲和力和选择性,能够对表达靶受体的肿瘤细胞进行体内外示踪、受体亲和力及作用机制等相关实验的定位、定性和定量的分析,具有高度特异性、灵敏性和直观性。本发明的荧光探针在正常组织内能迅速清除,而在肿瘤部位长时间滞留,从而能达到活体诊断的作用,具备一定的临床应用前景,应用于临床术中导航。
附图说明
图1为实施例制备的GT-NIR系列化合物的吸收光谱;
图2为实施例制备的GT-NIR系列化合物的激发光谱;
图3为实施例制备的GT-NIR系列化合物的发射光谱;
图4为实施例制备的化合物GT-NIR-1在体外胞内荧光成像定位试验(KB细胞);其中:(a)上、下图依次为GT-NIR-1在KB细胞胞内的荧光成像图和KB细胞胞内的空白图;(b)上、下图依次为GT-NIR-1和100倍叶酸共同在KB细胞胞内的荧光成像图和KB细胞胞内的空白图;(c)上、下图依次为GT-NIR-1在A549细胞胞内的荧光成像图和A549细胞胞内的空白图;
图5为实施例制备的化合物GT-NIR-1在体外胞内荧光成像定位试验(M2);其中:(a)上、下图依次为GT-NIR-1在M2型巨噬细胞胞内的荧光成像图和M2型巨噬细胞胞内的空白图;(b)上、下图依次为GT-NIR-1和100倍叶酸共同在M2型巨噬细胞胞内的荧光成像图和M2型巨噬细胞胞内的空白图;(c)上、下图依次为GT-NIR-1在M1型巨噬细胞胞内的荧光成像图和M1型巨噬细胞胞内的空白图;
图6为实施例制备的GT-NIR系列化合物通过流式细胞分析仪测定与KB细胞的结合亲和力;
图7为实施例制备的GT-NIR系列化合物通过流式细胞分析仪测定与M2型巨噬细胞的结合亲和力;
图8为实施例制备的GT-NIR系列化合物通过流式细胞分析仪测定与KB细胞的平衡解离常数Kd;
图9为实施例制备的GT-NIR系列化合物通过流式细胞分析仪测定与M2型巨噬细胞的平衡解离常数Kd;
图10为实施例制备的GT-FITC系列化合物的吸收光谱;
图11为实施例制备的GT-FITC系列化合物的激发光谱;
图12为实施例制备的GT-FITC系列化合物的发射光谱;
图13为实施例制备的GT-FITC系列化合物通过流式细胞分析仪测定与KB细胞的结合亲和力;
图14为实施例制备的GT-NIR系列化合物注射进KB细胞异种移植小鼠模型体内后的全身荧光成像图;
图15为实施例制备的化合物GT-NIR-4注射进A549细胞异种移植小鼠模型,以及用100×FA与GT-NIR-4共注射进KB细胞异种移植小鼠模型体内后的全身荧光成像图;
图16为实施例制备的化合物GT-NIR-1注射进KB细胞异种移植小鼠模型体内后的离体组织生物分布;其中:(a)GT-NIR-1;(b)GT-NIR-2;(c)GT-NIR-3;(d)GT-NIR-4;(e)GT-NIR-5;(f)100×FA与GT-NIR-4;
图17为实施例制备的化合物GT-NIR-4注射进A549细胞异种移植小鼠模型体内后的离体组织生物分布。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好的理解本发明。然而,本领域的技术人员容易理解,实施例所描述的具体的物料配比、工艺条件、合成路线及其结果仅用于说明本发明,而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明的内容。
实施例1底物I-1
将2,6-二氨基-4-氧嘧啶(50g,0.4mol)和乙酸钠(33.6g,0.4mol)加入水中(150ml),加热至回流后,逐滴加入与氯乙醛(60.9g,0.47mol)。反应物回流18小时后,冷却至室温,沉淀过滤,分别用水(2×50ml)和丙酮(2×50ml)洗漆,干燥后得到底物I-1。ESI-MS(m/z):151.1[Μ+H]+。
实施例2底物I-2
将底物I-1(1.5g,0.01mol)和碘(5.1g,0.02mol)溶于乙醇/水(2:1,100ml),加热至回流2小时。冷却析出沉淀,沉淀过滤,分别用I N硫代硫酸钠溶液(2×30ml)和水(2×50ml)洗涤,干燥后得到底物I-2。ESI-MS(m/z):276.9[Μ+H]+。
实施例3底物I-3
将底物I-2(2.7g,0.01mol)和乙炔醇(0.43g,0.01mol)溶于无水DMF(30ml)中,加入氯化钯(7Img,0.40mmol),三苯基膦(131mg,0.40mmol),三乙胺(10.1g,0.1mol)和碘化亚铜(304mg,1.60mmol),加热至100℃反应12h。减压蒸去溶剂,经柱色谱分离后得到底物I-3。ESI-MS(m/z):191.1[Μ+H]+。
实施例4底物I-4
将底物I-3(1.9g,0.01mol)溶于甲醇(50ml)中,加入5%钯碳(200mg),室温下催化氢化(50psi)反应I2 h。过滤,减压蒸去溶剂后得到底物I-4。ESI-MS(m/z):195.1[Μ+H]+。
实施例5底物I-5
将其(2g,0.01mol)溶于丙酮(20ml)中,冰浴冷却下滴入三氧化铬(6g,0.06mol)和硫酸(30ml)/水(90ml)的混合溶液。滴毕,冰浴下继续反应2h,随后升至室温反应过夜。乙酸乙酯(5×30ml)萃取反应液,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸去溶剂,经柱色谱分离后得到底物I-5。ESI-MS(m/z):207.1[Μ+H]+。
实施例6底物I-6
室温下将底物I-5(1.0g,5mmol)和1-轻基苯并三唑(0.8g,6mmol)溶于无水DMF(20ml)中搅拌2h,随后加入1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(1.2g,6mmol),甘氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(1.3g,10mmol)和三乙胺(1.0g,10mmol)。室温下继续反应5小时后,减压蒸去溶剂,加入Na2CO3溶液(50ml)析出沉淀。沉淀过滤后加入IN NaOH(100ml)溶解,室温反应1.5h。冰浴冷却下,用IN HCl调节pH至2-3。沉淀过滤,冷水(30ml)洗涤,干燥后得到底物I-6(860mg,65%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6):12.24(br,1H),10.81(s,1H),10.18(s,1H),8.10-8.13(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),6.03(s,2H),6.02(s,1H),3.75-3.77(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),δ=3.41(s,2H);ESI-MS(m/z):264.1[M-H]-。
实施例7底物I-7
将底物I-6(670mg,1.0eq)、2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N’,Ν’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(1.15g,1.2·eq)、O-叔丁基-L-酪氨酸叔丁酯盐酸盐(1.0g,1.2eq)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.3g,4eq)依次溶于无水DMF(30ml)中,室温反应4小时。减压蒸去溶剂,经柱色谱分离后将其(480mg,1.0eq)溶于无水二氯甲烷中,依次加入三氟乙酸(3ml,50eq)和三乙基硅烷(0.8ml,5.0eq),室温反应3小时。减压蒸去溶剂,得到底物I-7(240mg,63.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.19(s,1H),8.13(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),8.06(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),6.99(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),6.64(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),6.08(s,1H),4.35(td,J=8.4,5.4Hz,1H),3.70(ddd,J=52.2,16.8,5.7Hz,2H),3.44(s,2H),2.96–2.67(m,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ174.40,169.85,168.24,159.24,155.96,152.88,151.74,130.69,129.26,125.14,115.17,100.78,100.29,55.85,42.91,37.24,35.32;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C19H20N6O6[M+H]+:429.1517,found 429.1498。
实施例8底物Ⅱ-1
与实施例7类似的方法,得到底物Ⅱ-1(180mg,58.9%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.84(s,1H),8.25(t,J=5.9Hz,1H),7.76(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),6.21(s,2H),6.02(s,1H),4.07(q,J=5.4Hz,1H),3.73(dd,J=5.9,1.9Hz,2H),3.45(s,2H),2.83(ddd,J=48.5,13.1,5.0Hz,2H).;13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.54,172.06,168.87,168.73,159.11,152.72,151.72,125.18,125.10,100.82,100.35,55.69,42.97,40.40,40.27,40.13,39.99,39.85,39.71,39.57,35.32,27.10;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C13H16N6O5S[M+H]+:369.0976,found 369.0968。
实施例9底物Ⅲ-1
与实施例7类似的方法,得到底物Ⅲ-1(120mg,41.5%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.80(s,1H),10.19(s,1H),8.34(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),8.24(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),8.03(t,J=5.7Hz,1H),6.05(s,2H),6.00(s,1H),4.13(q,J=7.3Hz,1H),,4.05–3.92(m,1H),3.84–3.62(m,2H),3.41(s,2H),2.46–2.27(m,2H),2.19(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),1.97–1.71(m,2H);HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C18H23N7O8S[M+H]+:498.1402,found 498.1390。
实施例10底物Ⅳ-1
向2,6-二氨基嘧啶-4-酮(1.26g,10mol)在无水DMF(25ml)中的悬浮液加入1-溴-5-己炔-2-酮(0.98g,10mmol)。所得混合物在N2下于室温下搅拌3天。减压蒸发溶剂后,经柱色谱分离后得到底物Ⅳ-1(1.4g,74.0%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)10.81(s,1H),10.13(s,1H),5.98(s,2H),5.93(s,1H),2.77(t,J=2Hz,1H),2.64-2.67(m,2H),δ2.41-2.45(m,2H);HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C10H10N4O[M+H]+:203.0927,found,203.0935。
实施例10底物Ⅳ-2
在一个装有磁力搅拌器和气体入口的250毫升圆底烧瓶中,加入四(三苯基膦)钯(185mg,0.16mmol)、三乙胺(1.01g,10mmol)、对碘苯甲酸甲酯(393mg,1.5mmol)和无水DMF(20ml)。向搅拌的混合物中,在N2下加入碘化铜(30mg,0.16mmol)和底物Ⅳ-1(202mg,1mmol),并将反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。减压蒸发溶剂后,经柱色谱分离将其沉淀过滤后加入1N NaOH(100ml)溶解,室温反应1.5h。冰浴冷却下,用1N HCl调节pH至2-3。沉淀过滤,冷水(30ml)洗涤,干燥后得到底物Ⅳ-2(238mg,74.0%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.79(s,1H),10.21(s,1H),7.86(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.32(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),6.02(s,2H),5.85(s,1H),2.85(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.62(t,J=6.4Hz,2H);HRMS(APCI):Calcd forC17H14N4O3[M+H]+:323.1139,found,323.1152。
实施例11底物Ⅳ-3
将底物Ⅳ-2(322mg,1mmol)溶于甲醇(30ml)中,加入5%钯碳(100mg),室温下催化氢化(50psi)反应I2h。过滤,减压蒸去溶剂后得到白色固体,然后与实施例7类似的方法,得到底物Ⅳ-3(190mg,80.6%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.78(s,1H),10.23(s,1H),9.18(s,1H),8.38(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.69(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.25(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.06(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),6.67–6.59(m,2H),6.01(s,2H),5.85(s,1H),4.46(ddd,J=10.0,7.9,4.5Hz,1H),3.08–2.90(m,2H),2.62(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.62–1.51(m,J=3.7Hz,4H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.98,166.51,158.96,156.18,152.36,151.56,146.25,132.21,131.49,130.48,128.90,128.62,127.78,115.37,100.12,98.31,55.29,36.16,35.16,30.76,28.81,27.50;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C26H27N5O5[M+H]+:490.2085,found,490.2067。
实施例12底物Ⅳ-4
与实施例11类似的方法,得到底物Ⅳ-4(160mg,74.3%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.79(s,1H),7.94(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),6.99(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.81(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.24(s,2H),5.86(s,1H),4.26(td,J=8.1,4.5Hz,1H),2.96(ddd,J=113.8,13.7,6.4Hz,2H),2.77(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.61(p,J=3.7Hz,4H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ174.59,160.80,159.19,155.96,152.63,151.71,150.06,137.96,131.34,130.54,129.65,128.28,125.71,115.20,100.06,98.33,56.35,49.07,45.72,36.96,31.04,29.72,28.61,27.38;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C24H25N5O5S[M+H]+:496.1649,found,496.1633。
实施例13化合物GT-NIR-1
将底物I-7(42mg,0.1mmol)溶于1N NaOH(10ml)中,室温搅拌30min,加入IR-783(75mg,0.1mmol),85℃下反应。以HPLC监测反应,反应完全后,以制备液相纯化,目标馏分冻干后得墨绿色固体GT-NIR-1(34mg,28.9%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.85(s,1H),8.19(s,1H),7.81(d,J=13.9Hz,2H),7.43(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.35(t,J=8.5Hz,3H),7.32(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.16(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.13(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),6.97(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),6.27(t,J=19.0Hz,2H),6.19(d,J=14.0Hz,2H),5.97(s,1H),4.11(t,J=7.4Hz,4H),4.05–4.00(m,1H),3.57(ddd,J=58.4,17.8,6.8Hz,2H),3.37–3.27(m,2H),3.03–2.80(m,2H),2.70(t,J=6.5Hz,4H),1.78–1.66(m,10H),1.24(dd,J=15.6,4.7Hz,12H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ174.82,172.58,169.79,163.23,159.05,158.53,152.65,151.66,142.52,141.45,131.50,130.12,128.87,125.14,122.81,122.05,114.43,111.67,100.67,100.36,51.19,48.99,43.98,35.58,35.24,31.75,29.55,29.49,29.44,29.30,29.21,29.16,29.04,27.74,27.69,27.02,26.47,25.58,24.15,22.93,22.56,21.62,14.42;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C57H66N8O12S2[M-H]-:1117.4169,found,1117.4174。
实施例14化合物GT-NIR-2
与实施例13类似的方法,得到墨绿色固体GT-NIR-2(22mg,34.3%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.85(s,1H),8.67(d,J=13.9Hz,2H),8.11(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=6.2Hz,1H),7.53(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.40(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.37(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.21(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),6.26(d,J=14.2Hz,2H),6.23(s,2H),6.03(s,1H),4.16(t,J=7.7Hz,4H),4.05(q,J=5.6Hz,1H),3.68(qd,J=16.7,5.6Hz,2H),3.44(d,J=3.0Hz,2H),3.34-3.11(m,2H),2.54(t,J=7.4Hz,4H),1.81(q,J=7.4Hz,4H),1.74(hept,J=6.5,6.1Hz,6H),1.67(s,12H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.70,171.99,169.83,168.58,159.11,158.69,152.75,151.66,145.18,142.76,141.49,133.09,128.90,125.17,125.04,122.83,111.58,101.52,100.79,100.38,55.41,51.23,49.21,43.99,42.85,41.28,35.33,29.49,28.11,27.97,27.02,26.47,26.13,22.99,21.79,21.00;HRMS(APCI):Calcd forC51H62N8O11S3[M-H]-:1057.3627,found,1057.3590。
实施例15化合物GT-NIR-3
与实施例13类似的方法,得到墨绿色固体GT-NIR-3(22mg,31.2%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.00(s,1H),8.67(d,J=13.7Hz,2H),8.36(t,J=6.0Hz,1H),7.65(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),7.58(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.53(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),7.39(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.37(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.20(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),6.40(s,2H),6.27(d,J=13.9Hz,2H),6.02(s,1H),4.17(d,J=8.8Hz,4H),4.11(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),3.91(q,J=6.4Hz,1H),3.71–3.58(m,2H),3.45(s,2H),3.33–3.12(m,2H),2.56(t,J=7.4Hz,5H),2.16–2.03(m,2H),1.95–1.89(m,2H),1.80(q,J=7.4Hz,4H),1.75(q,J=7.8,7.2Hz,6H),1.67(s,12H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ174.61,172.86,172.64,172.06,171.95,170.07,168.51,159.28,152.91,151.72,145.19,142.73,141.48,133.12,128.89,125.26,125.05,122.92,111.53,101.52,100.86,100.29,55.47,53.96,51.22,49.20,43.96,43.09,41.21,35.35,32.86,28.81,28.07,27.99,26.46,26.17,22.96,22.01,20.98;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C56H69N9O14S3[M-H]-:1186.4053,found,1186.4015。
实施例16化合物GT-NIR-4
与实施例13类似的方法,得到墨绿色固体GT-NIR-4(20mg,24.3%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.82(s,1H),7.91(s,1H),7.76(d,J=13.9Hz,2H),7.57(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.33(s,2H),7.28(d,J=8.0Hz,4H),7.20(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.12(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),7.08(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.98(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.24(s,2H),6.15(d,J=14.1Hz,2H),5.83(s,1H),4.29(s,1H),4.08(s,4H),3.20–2.93(m,2H),2.67(s,4H),2.57–2.52(m,5H),1.74(d,J=23.7Hz,8H),1.61–1.51(m,2H),1.48(q,J=7.7Hz,2H),1.26–1.20(m,2H),1.12(s,12H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.09,171.86,165.87,163.30,158.33,152.58,151.70,145.89,142.42,141.44,141.28,133.58,132.74,131.45,128.88,128.39,127.51,125.05,122.61,122.06,114.21,111.60,100.57,100.05,98.29,51.18,48.83,43.90,40.39,40.12,39.98,39.84,39.70,39.56,36.61,35.10,30.60,29.49,28.78,27.69,27.59,27.44,26.43,25.94,24.10,22.96,22.91,22.87,22.56,22.20,21.19;HRMS(APCI):Calcdfor C64H73N7O11S2[M-H]-:1178.4737,found,1178.4705。
实施例17化合物GT-NIR-5
与实施例13类似的方法,得到墨绿色固体GT-NIR-5(22mg,23.3%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.82(s,1H),8.29–8.25(m,1H),7.76(d,J=13.9Hz,2H),7.49(d,J=3.9Hz,1H),7.42–7.20(m,8H),7.15(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),7.02(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.71(d,J=3.9Hz,1H),6.17(d,J=14.1Hz,2H),6.09(s,2H),5.85(s,1H),4.37(t,J=10.3Hz,1H),4.09(s,4H),3.15–2.89(m,2H),2.69(s,4H),2.65–2.57(m,2H),2.48(s,4H),1.71(d,J=17.2Hz,8H),1.57(p,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.47(q,J=7.7Hz,2H),1.23(s,4H),1.14(s,12H);13CNMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.58,171.89,163.21,161.37,159.01,158.49,152.43,151.63,150.46,142.43,141.41,141.31,137.33,132.93,131.38,131.31,130.12,128.88,128.64,125.44,125.05,122.66,122.03,114.41,111.62,100.61,100.12,98.35,55.54,51.19,49.07,48.86,43.93,36.18,35.59,31.75,30.73,29.64,29.49,29.29,29.16,28.53,27.61,27.53,27.26,27.02,26.46,24.87,24.11,22.92,22.56,21.64,21.20,14.42;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C62H71N7O11S3[M-H]-:1184.4301,found,1184.4268。
实施例18底物Ⅴ-1
将底物I-6(530mg,2mmol)、六氟磷酸苯并三唑-1-基-氧基三吡咯烷基磷(1.2g,2.4mmol)、N-叔丁氧羰基乙二胺(320mg,2mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(516mg,4mmol)依次溶于无水DMF(30ml)中,室温反应4小时。减压蒸去溶剂,经柱色谱分离后将其(407mg,1mmol)溶于无水二氯甲烷(5ml)中,加入三氟乙酸(5ml),室温反应3小时。减压蒸去溶剂,得到底物Ⅴ-1(210mg,68.4%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.26(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),8.19(t,J=5.8Hz,1H),6.14(s,2H),6.00(s,1H),3.68(d,J=5.7Hz,2H),3.42(s,2H),3.18(q,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.69(t,J=6.2Hz,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ174.18,169.89,169.56,129.70,125.15,110.55,102.76,100.72,100.32,42.82,38.39,35.46,23.46,22.95;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C12H17N7O3[M+H]+:308.1466,found 308.1478。
实施例19化合物底物Ⅴ-2
与实施例18类似的方法,得到底物Ⅴ-2(250mg,57.3%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.90(s,1H),8.31(t,J=5.9Hz,1H),8.02(t,J=5.8Hz,1H),7.60(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),6.20(s,2H),6.03(s,1H),3.86(q,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.69(d,J=5.1Hz,2H),3.45(s,2H),3.33-3.15(m,2H),2.84(t,J=5.7,4.6Hz,2H),2.11-2.01(m,2H),1.92-1.90(m,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ174.54,173.14,172.79,169.99,168.06,159.13,152.72,151.72,125.14,100.80,100.37,53.70,43.07,37.66,35.37,31.97,28.11,22.04;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C17H24N8O6[M+H]+:437.1892,found 437.1875。
实施例20底物Ⅴ-3
将底物Ⅳ-2(322mg,1mmol)溶于甲醇(30ml)中,加入5%钯碳(100mg),室温下催化氢化(50psi)反应12h。过滤,减压蒸去溶剂后得到白色固体,然后与实施例1类似的方法,得到底物Ⅴ-3(300mg,81.5%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.78(s,1H),8.72(t,J=5.5Hz,1H),7.78(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.25(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.11(s,2H),5.82(s,1H),3.40(q,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.84(t,2H),2.64(t,J=6.4Hz,2H),1.66-1.49(m,4H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.82,166.98,159.05,152.50,151.61,146.15,132.39,131.41,128.58,127.80,100.10,98.26,35.14,30.76,28.71,27.45,23.06;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C19H24N6O2[M+H]+:369.2034,found 369.2039。
实施例21底物Ⅴ-4
与实施例20类似的方法,得到底物Ⅴ-4(260mg,69.5%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.79(s,1H),8.83(t,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),6.85(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),6.14(s,2H),5.84(s,1H),3.34(q,J=11.6,5.8Hz,2H),2.80(t,J=13.1,6.5Hz,4H),1.65-1.55(m,4H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.82,161.98,159.07,152.55,151.63,150.51,137.62,131.26,128.73,125.77,100.09,98.32,31.03,29.71,28.47,27.30,23.15;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C17H22N6O2S[M+H]+:375.1598,found375.1511。
实施例22化合物GT-FITC-1
将底物Ⅴ-1(31mg,0.1mmol)溶于DMSO(1ml)中,加入5-异硫氰酸荧光素(31mg,0.1mmol),随后加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(26mg,0.2mmol)。以HPLC监测反应,反应完全后,以制备液相纯化,目标馏分冻干后得橙黄色固体GT-FITC-1(21mg,30.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.88(s,2H),9.01(s,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.12(t,J=15.3Hz,2H),7.80(dd,1H),7.15(dd,J=8.3Hz,1H),6.64(d,J=2.2Hz,2H),6.63(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.55(dd,J=8.8,2.3Hz,2H),6.07(s,2H),6.00(s,1H),3.70(d,J=5.5Hz,2H),3.58(q,2H),3.43(s,2H),3.30(q,J=6.1Hz,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ174.18,173.55,169.89,169.56,153.26,151.81,142.70,129.69,125.15,110.54,102.75,100.71,100.34,100.29,42.81,40.52,40.40,38.39,35.45,23.43,22.93;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C33H28N8O8S[M+H]+:697.1824,found 697.1811.
实施例23化合物GT-FITC-2
与实施例22类似的方法,得到橙黄色固体GT-FITC-2(20mg,24.2%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.04(s,1H),10.82(s,1H),9.96(s,1H),8.50(t,J=14.9Hz,1H),8.15(dt,J=30.1,5.9Hz,1H),7.95(dd,J=13.6,7.9Hz,1H),7.77-7.65(m,1H),7.62(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),7.12(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.66(d,2H),6.61(d,2H),6.56(dd,J=8.6,1.9Hz,2H),6.14(s,1H),6.07(s,1H),6.01(s,1H),3.96(q,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.69(d,J=5.1Hz,2H),,3.59(m,2H),3.45(s,2H),3.23(m,2H),2.14(q,J=7.7,7.2Hz,2H),1.96(dq,J=18.9,9.8,8.2Hz,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ181.05,173.64,172.69,169.95,169.38,168.21,159.17,152.74,151.70,129.70,110.72,102.74,100.74,100.34,54.22,43.80,42.92,38.28,35.38,32.22,22.94,22.84;HRMS(APCI):Calcd for C38H35N9O11S[M+H]+:826.2250,found 826.2251.
实施例24化合物GT-FITC-3
与实施例22类似的方法,得到橙黄色固体GT-FITC-3(25mg,33.1%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.79(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),8.55(t,J=6.5Hz,1H),8.33(t,1H),8.23(s,1H),7.77(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.72(s,1H),7.24(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.13(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),6.65(d,2H),6.62(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.54(dd,J=8.7,2.4Hz,2H),5.96(s,2H),5.84(s,1H),3.71(q,2H),3.49(q,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.62(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),1.67-1.45(m,4H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ158.93,152.31,151.54,146.21,132.33,131.51,129.63,128.62,127.78,102.74,100.12,98.30,39.00,35.15,30.74,28.79,27.46;HRMS(APCI):Calcd forC40H35N7O7S[M+H]+:758.2391,found 758.2381.
实施例25化合物GT-FITC-4
与实施例22类似的方法,得到橙黄色固体GT-FITC-4(23mg,30.2%)。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.80(s,1H),10.15(s,2H),8.55(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),8.23(s,2H),7.74(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),7.15(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),6.84(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),6.68(d,2H),6.61(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),6.56(dd,J=8.7,2.3Hz,2H),5.98(s,2H),5.86(s,1H),3.69(q,2H),3.46(q,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.80(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.65-1.49(m,4H);13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.98,162.11,160.00,158.94,152.37,152.32,151.57,150.67,147.73,141.64,137.47,131.39,129.52,128.77,125.80,124.58,113.08,110.19,102.72,100.12,98.36,44.01,38.79,31.00,29.71,28.51,27.29;HRMS(APCI):Calcd forC38H33N7O7S2[M+H]+:764.1956,found 764.1932.
实施例26光学性质测定
所有化合物(10μM)的吸收光谱均以PBS为溶剂,通过T9S紫外可见分光光度计在200-900nm波长范围内进行测定。所有化合物(1μM)的荧光光谱均以PBS为溶剂,通过RF-6000荧光分光光度计进行测量。结果显示,无论是GT-NIR系列化合物还是GT-FITC系列探针化合物,均具有与其相连荧光团相似的光学性质,结果见图1-3和图10-12。
实施例27体外荧光显微镜试验
为了观察GT-NIR-1化合物能否靶向进入表达叶酸受体的细胞和其进入细胞的位置,将KB和A549细胞、M2型和M1型巨噬细胞分别接种在共聚焦特定的培养皿里,密度为3×105个细胞,在37℃和5%CO2下生长24小时。然后将细胞与GT-NIR-1(1uM)孵育30分钟。为了进行竞争结合试验,将100倍叶酸(100uM)和GT-NIR-1(1uM)共同给药于KB细胞和M2型巨噬细胞,孵育30分钟。孵化后,均用PBS(pH7.4)清洗细胞三次,在775nm下激发荧光,通过共聚焦荧光显微镜观察细胞的荧光成像(图4和图5)。实验结果表明,探针GT-NIR-1能够通过靶向叶酸受体包括FRα(KB细胞)和FR-β(M2巨噬细胞)进入细胞内部,而对叶酸受体阴性的细胞(A549细胞和M1巨噬细胞)并没有出现蓄积。
实施例28GT-NIR系列探针体外亲和力试验
为了比较GT-NIR系列中不同化合物对FR的靶向亲和力,将KB细胞和M2型巨噬细胞以每孔1×106个细胞的密度接种在六孔板中。培养24h后,将培养基更换为不含叶酸的新鲜培养基,作为空白对照;加入IR783(500nM)排除假阳性的影响;将含有GT-NIR-1系列化合物(500nM)的培养基加入到不同的孔板中,分别孵育1h。将细胞用胰蛋白酶消化并用PBS(pH7.4)洗涤3次后,离心(2000rpm,5分钟)以去除未结合的探针。然后将细胞重悬于500mL PBS中并储存在黑暗中的BD Falcon管中,通过流式细胞术分析。使用FlowJo软件分析呈现统计学数据。实验结果表明,GT-NIR-5具有最高的结合亲和力,无论是FRα还是FR-β;其次是GT-NIR-4,以及GT-NIR-1。尽管GT-NIR-1,GT-NIR-2和GT-NIR-3具有相同的靶头,但是GT-NIR-2和GT-NIR-3的结合亲和力明显弱于GT-NIR-1,说明氨基酸连接基团也会影响探针的亲和力。见图6和图7。
实施例29GT-FITC系列探针的体外亲和力试验
为了比较GT-FITC系列中不同化合物对FR的靶向亲和力,将KB细胞以每孔1×106个细胞的密度接种在六孔板中。培养24h后,将培养基更换为不含叶酸的新鲜培养基,作为空白对照;加入FITC(500nM)排除假阳性的影响;将含有GT-FITC-1系列化合物(500nM)的培养基加入到不同的孔板中,分别孵育1h。将细胞用胰蛋白酶消化并用PBS(pH 7.4)洗涤3次后,离心(2000rpm,5分钟)以去除未结合的探针。然后将细胞重悬于500mL PBS中并储存在黑暗中的BD Falcon管中,通过流式细胞术分析。使用FlowJo软件分析呈现统计学数据。实验结果表明,GT-FITC-4对KB细胞具有最高的结合亲和力,其次是GT-FITC-3,以及GT-FITC-1。尽管GT-FITC-2和GT-FITC-1具有相同的靶头,但是GT-FITC-2的结合亲和力明稍弱于GT-FITC-1,说明谷氨酸在一定程度上会减弱探针的亲和力,见图13。
实施例30平衡解离常数Kd的测定
将GT-NIR系列化合物在新鲜培养基中以一定浓度连续稀释至从1nM到400nM不等,并分别与106个KB细胞和M2型巨噬细胞在4℃下孵育0.5小时,用冷PBS(pH 7.4)洗涤三次以除去未结合的探针,然后将细胞重悬于500mL PBS中并储存在黑暗中的BD Falcon管中,并用流式细胞分析仪定量荧光强度。平衡离解常数Kd通过GraphPad Prism 8.0软件绘制非线性方程曲线来计算,结果见图8和图9。
实施例31体内小动物成像试验
在皮下瘤KB荷瘤鼠模型和A549荷瘤鼠模型中,当肿瘤体积达到300-400mm3时,空白组尾静脉注射100μL生理盐水;实验组分别尾静脉给药各个探针(10nmol,注射用生理盐水100μL溶解);竞争组首先尾静脉注射100x叶酸(1μmol,溶于100μL生理盐水),15分钟后注射探针(10nmol,溶于100μL生理盐水)。通过小动物活体成像仪IVIS在750-800nm的激发光下进行成像,分别拍摄不同时间点荧光成像,依次是给药后2h,4h,8h,12h,24h,48h。全身成像8h后,将小鼠安乐死后,取出其器官并通过小动物活体成像仪IVIS对其进行组织生物分布分析。结果显示在KB荷瘤鼠中,GT-NIR-1系列化合物具有特异性靶向肿瘤成像的作用,而在A549荷瘤鼠并没有靶向肿瘤成像,而是很快从体内清除,见图14-17。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理和精神的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域技术人员依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种化合物或其药学可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述化合物的结构如式I所示:
其中:
m选自0、1、2、3、4、或5;
W选自饱和或不饱和的C1-C5直链或支链烃基;
Q选自饱和或不饱和的C1-C5直链或支链烃基、由一个或多个独立的R1取代或非取代的芳基,由一个或多个独立的R1取代或非取代的含有1-3个选自N、O、S的5-6元的杂芳基,一个或多个独立的R1取代或非取代的含有1-3个选自N、O、S的5-6元杂环基,一个或多个独立的R1取代或非取代的C3-C7的饱和或不饱和单环烷基;
所述R1选自卤素、NO2、CN、OH、C1-C5直链或支链烃基、C1-C5直链或支链烃氧基、CF3、OCF3;
A选自
X选自半胱氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、色氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、或任意两种缩合形成的酰胺化衍生物;
Y选自具有在可见光谱中的荧光激发和在近红外范围中的发射光谱的染料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种化合物或其药学可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述C1-C5直链或支链烃基选自C1-C5烷基、C2-C5烯基、C2-C5炔基;
所述C1-C5烷基选自—CH3、—CH2CH3、—CH(CH3)2、—(CH2)2CH3、—(CH2)3CH3、—(CH2)4CH3、—CH(CH3)CH2CH3、—C(CH3)3、—CH(CH3)(CH2)2CH3、—CH2CH(CH2)2CH3、—CH2C(CH2)3;
所述C2-C5烯基选自乙烯基、异丙烯基、正丙烯基、正丁烯基、异丁烯基、仲丁烯基、正戊烯基、异戊烯基;
所述C2-C5炔基选自乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基;
所述含有1-3个选自N、O、S的5-6元的杂芳基选自噻吩基、吡咯基、呋喃基、吡啶、咪唑基;
所述含有1-3个选自N、O、S的5-6元杂环基选自哌嗪基、吗啉基、哌啶、四氢吡咯基;
所述X选自半胱氨酸、酪氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、或任意两种缩合形成的酰胺化衍生物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种化合物或其药学可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述X选自半胱氨酸、酪氨酸、或任意一种与谷氨酸缩合形成的酰胺化衍生物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种化合物或其药学可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述Y选自异硫氰酸荧光素FITC、染料IR-783和S0456。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种化合物或其药学可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述化合物选自:
6.一种包含如权利要求1-5任一项所述化合物的组合物,其特征在于,其还包括至少一种药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
7.一种如权利要求1-5任一项所述的化合物在制备用于肿瘤靶向成像的肿瘤诊断试剂中的用途。
8.一种如权利要求1-5任一项所述的化合物在制备肿瘤精准手术导航的活体荧光成像试剂中的应用。
9.根据权利要求7所述的用途,其特征在于,所述肿瘤为肝癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、胰腺癌、结直肠癌中的一种或多种。
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