CN116711512B - Multifunctional precision seeder and seed metering device replacement method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional precision seeder and seed metering device replacement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116711512B CN116711512B CN202311001727.7A CN202311001727A CN116711512B CN 116711512 B CN116711512 B CN 116711512B CN 202311001727 A CN202311001727 A CN 202311001727A CN 116711512 B CN116711512 B CN 116711512B
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- transmission mechanism
- seed
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001057636 Dracaena deremensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/18—Machines for depositing quantities of seed at intervals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C19/00—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
- A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
- F16H7/06—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members with chains
Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional precision planter and a method for replacing a seed metering device thereof, wherein the multifunctional precision planter comprises a planter main body, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a first seed metering device and a second seed metering device, wherein the upper end of the planter main body is provided with an assembly cavity with an open upper end, the left and right opposite inner side walls of the assembly cavity are respectively a first inner side wall and a second inner side wall, and the front side of the assembly cavity is provided with a main transmission shaft which is arranged along left and right extension; when a first transmission mechanism is arranged on the first inner side wall of the assembly cavity, the first seed sowing device is detachably arranged in the assembly cavity, and a first seed sowing transmission shaft of the first seed sowing device is detachably connected with a power output end of the first transmission mechanism through a clutch mechanism; when a second transmission mechanism is arranged on the second inner side wall of the assembly cavity, the second seed sowing device is detachably arranged in the assembly cavity, a seed sowing chain wheel is arranged on a second seed sowing transmission shaft of the second seed sowing device, and the seed sowing chain wheel is detachably connected with a power output end of the second transmission mechanism through a seed sowing chain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field related to agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional precision seeder and a seed metering device replacement method thereof.
Background
In recent decades, with the development of agricultural mechanical technology, crop yield is greatly improved, and farmland cultivation is finer and finer, so that the sowing mechanical function of the sowing mechanical device is required to be strong. Aiming at the existing seeder industry, the seeder is from small to large, various, and is in full view. Some planters are only capable of planting a single crop, such as corn, with a relatively single planting. Some sowing machines are push-type, and the working efficiency is very low. Moreover, most of the current cultivation modes are the cultivation modes of soil turning and ridging, and the cultivation modes cannot realize soil protection cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multifunctional precision planter and a seed metering device replacement method thereof, which aim to solve one or more of the technical problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a multifunctional precision planter, includes seeder main part, first drive mechanism, second drive mechanism, first seed metering ware and second seed metering ware, seeder main part upper end has the open assembly chamber in upper end, two inside walls that the assembly chamber is left and right sides are first inside wall and second inside wall respectively, the front side in assembly chamber is equipped with along controlling the main drive shaft that extends to arrange, can dismantle installation first drive mechanism and second drive mechanism on first inside wall and the second inside wall respectively, first drive mechanism's power input end and second drive mechanism's power input end respectively with the both ends transmission connection about the main drive shaft;
when the first transmission mechanism is arranged on the first inner side wall of the assembly cavity, the first seed sowing device is detachably arranged in the assembly cavity, and a first seed sowing transmission shaft of the first seed sowing device is detachably connected with the power output end of the first transmission mechanism through a clutch mechanism and transmits force;
when the second transmission mechanism is arranged on the second inner side wall of the assembly cavity, the second seed sowing device is detachably arranged in the assembly cavity, a seed sowing chain wheel is arranged on a second seed sowing transmission shaft of the second seed sowing device, and the seed sowing chain wheel is detachably connected with the power output end of the second transmission mechanism through a seed sowing chain and transmits power.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the multifunctional precision planter, through arranging the two seed metering devices and matching with the two transmission mechanisms, the replacement and independent transmission of the two seed metering devices can be realized, and the sowing of crops with different sowing requirements can be realized.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the first transmission mechanism adopts a first chain and sprocket transmission mechanism, and the main transmission shaft is in transmission connection with a first seed sowing transmission shaft of the first seed sowing device through the first chain and sprocket transmission mechanism;
the first chain sprocket transmission mechanism further comprises a first driving sprocket, a first driving chain, a first transition double sprocket, a driven chain and a driven sprocket, wherein the first driving sprocket is coaxially arranged on the main transmission shaft and is close to the first inner side wall, the first transition double sprocket and the driven sprocket are respectively arranged on the first inner side wall of the assembly cavity, the driven sprocket is positioned at the rear side of the first transition double sprocket, the first driving sprocket is in transmission connection with one sprocket of the first transition double sprockets through the first driving chain, and the other sprocket of the first transition double sprocket is in transmission connection with the driven sprocket through the driven chain; the first seed sowing device comprises a first seed sowing transmission shaft and a second seed sowing transmission shaft, wherein the first seed sowing transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the driven sprocket through a clutch mechanism.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the chain and sprocket transmission mechanism is adopted, so that power transmission is facilitated, and disassembly and assembly in the assembly cavity are also facilitated.
Further, two clamping plates which are arranged in a front-back extending mode are arranged on the front side of the first seed sowing device, a clamping interface is arranged on the front side of each clamping plate, and a clamping groove is formed in the rear side of the first seed sowing device; the first inner side wall and the second inner side wall of the assembly cavity are respectively provided with a clamping shaft, and the two clamping plates are respectively clamped on the two clamping shafts in a one-to-one correspondence manner through self clamping interfaces; the assembly cavity is internally provided with a clamping clamp, the clamping clamp is positioned at the rear side of the clamping shaft, and the clamping clamp is clamped in the clamping groove.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the arrangement of the clamping plate and the clamping clamp can be matched with the clutch mechanism, so that the first seed sowing device is stably clamped and fixed in the assembly cavity, and the cultivation requirement is facilitated.
Further, the clutch mechanism comprises a connecting disc, a first clamping connection rod and a second clamping connection rod, one end of the first seed transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the connecting disc, a first hinge shaft is arranged in the connecting disc along the radial direction, the middle part of the first hinge shaft is elastically connected in the connecting disc through a torsion spring, two ends of the first hinge shaft extend out of the periphery of the connecting disc and are respectively and vertically connected with the first clamping connection rod, two second clamping connection rods are respectively fixed at the power output end of the first transmission mechanism, and the second clamping connection rods are arranged in an extending manner along the axial direction parallel to the connecting disc; when the torsion spring does not accumulate elasticity, the first clamping rods extend along the axial direction parallel to the connecting disc, and the two first clamping rods are respectively in dislocation clamping connection with the two second clamping rods.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the power transmission between the first transmission mechanism and the first seed transmission shaft can be realized through the limit fit between the first clamping rod and the second clamping rod on the clutch mechanism, and the mutually independent setting between the first transmission mechanism and the first seed transmission shaft can also be realized through the separate arrangement between the first clamping rod and the second clamping rod on the clutch mechanism.
Further, the clutch mechanism further comprises a limit strip and an elastic steel sheet, the limit strip extends along the periphery of the connecting disc, connecting arms are respectively fixed at two ends of the limit strip, the connecting arms are rotationally connected with one side, close to the first seed sowing transmission shaft, of the connecting disc through a second hinge shaft, the elastic steel sheet is further fixed at one side, close to the first seed sowing transmission shaft, of the connecting disc, and the other end of the elastic steel sheet is connected with the middle of the limit strip; the limiting strip is arranged close to the peripheral side wall of the connecting disc under the action of the elastic steel sheet, the limiting strip is pulled to be far away from the peripheral side wall of the connecting disc, the two first clamping rods are pulled to be arranged on the peripheral side of the connecting disc after rotating, the limiting strip is loosened to return to the original position under the action of the elastic steel sheet and clamped and limited to the free ends of the two first clamping rods, and the free ends of the two first clamping rods are limited to one side, deviating from the second clamping rods, of the two ends of the limiting strip.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the elastic steel sheet is matched with the limiting strips, so that the first clamping connection rod can be limited on the peripheral side wall of the connecting disc, and the first clamping connection rod and the second clamping connection rod can be independently arranged.
Further, the second transmission mechanism adopts a second chain sprocket transmission mechanism, and the main transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the seed sowing chain through the second chain sprocket transmission mechanism;
the second chain sprocket transmission mechanism comprises a second driving sprocket, a second driving chain and a second transition double sprocket, wherein the second driving sprocket is coaxially arranged on the main transmission shaft and is close to the second inner side wall, the second transition double sprocket is arranged on the second inner side wall of the assembly cavity, the second driving sprocket is in transmission connection with one sprocket of the second transition double sprocket through the second driving chain, and the other sprocket of the second transition double sprocket is in transmission connection with the seed sowing sprocket through the seed sowing chain.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the chain and sprocket transmission mechanism is adopted, so that power transmission is facilitated, and disassembly and assembly in the assembly cavity are also facilitated.
Further, an L-shaped front fixing plate is arranged on the front side of the second seed sowing device, a rear fixing plate is arranged on the rear side of the second seed sowing device, and the L-shaped front fixing plate and the rear fixing plate are fixed in the assembly cavity through bolts respectively.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the second seed metering device can be stably installed in the assembly cavity by adopting the L-shaped front fixing plate and the rear fixing plate.
Further, the first seed metering device adopts a finger-clamping type equal-plant-spacing seed metering device, and the second seed metering device adopts a finger-clamping type unequal-plant-spacing seed metering device.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the seeding devices of different types are adopted, so that the seeding of crops with different seeding requirements can be realized.
Further, a stubble cleaning and weeding mechanism is arranged at the front side of the bottom of the seeder main body, a ditching disc assembly and a depth limiting wheel assembly are arranged in the middle of the bottom of the seeder main body, and a pressing wheel assembly is arranged at the rear side of the bottom of the seeder main body; the rear side of the upper end of the seeder main body is also provided with a fertilizer box, the bottom of the fertilizer box is provided with a fertilizer pipe, and the fertilizer pipe extends to the rear side of the ditching disc assembly.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the multifunctional precision seeder simultaneously has the functions of stubble cleaning, ditching, seeding, applying fertilizer, compacting and the like, can realize the cultivation requirement of straw coverage, reduces soil erosion and wind erosion, prints sand storm, and protects soil and moisture.
The seed metering device replacement method of the multifunctional precision planter is realized by adopting the multifunctional precision planter and comprises the following steps of:
when the first seed sowing device is selected, a first transmission mechanism is arranged on the first inner side wall of the assembly cavity and is in transmission connection with the main transmission shaft, the second transmission mechanism is detached, then the first seed sowing device is arranged in the assembly cavity, and the first seed sowing transmission shaft of the first seed sowing device is in transmission connection with the power output end of the first transmission mechanism through a clutch mechanism;
when the second seed metering device is selected, the second transmission mechanism is arranged on the second inner side wall of the assembly cavity and is in transmission connection with the main transmission shaft, the first transmission mechanism is detached, then the second seed metering device is arranged in the assembly cavity, and the second seed metering transmission shaft of the second seed metering device is in transmission connection with the power output end of the second transmission mechanism through the seed metering chain and the seed metering chain wheel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the seed metering device replacement method is simple and convenient to operate, and meets the requirement of being put into use after quick replacement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a multifunctional precision planter in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a first seed metering device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the front view of a second seed metering device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a second seed metering device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of a first transmission mechanism in an assembly chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a multi-functional precision planter of the present invention equipped with a first seed metering device;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional structure of a multifunctional precision planter equipped with a first seed metering device according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a second transmission mechanism in an assembly chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a multi-functional precision planter of the present invention equipped with a second seed metering device.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
100. a planter body; 101. a first inner sidewall; 102. a second inner sidewall; 103. a main drive shaft; 104. the clamping shaft; 105. a clamping clamp;
200. a first transmission mechanism; 201. a first drive sprocket; 202. a first drive chain; 203. a first transition double sprocket; 204. a driven chain; 205. a driven sprocket; 206. a first tensioning mechanism;
300. a second transmission mechanism; 301. a second drive sprocket; 302. a second drive chain; 304. a second tensioning mechanism;
400. a first seed metering device; 401. a first seed metering transmission shaft; 402. a clamping plate; 403. a card interface; 404. a clamping groove;
500. a second seed metering device; 501. a second seed metering transmission shaft; 502. seed metering sprocket; 503. a seed metering chain; 504. an L-shaped front fixing plate; 505. a rear fixing plate; 507. a jackscrew;
600. a clutch mechanism; 601. a connecting disc; 602. a first clamping rod; 603. a second clamping rod; 604. a first hinge shaft; 605. a second hinge shaft; 606. a limit bar; 607. an elastic steel sheet; 608. a connecting arm;
700. stubble cleaning and grass pulling mechanism; 701. a trenching disk assembly; 702. a depth stop wheel assembly; 703. a press wheel assembly; 704. a fertilizer box; 705. and (5) a fertilizer pipe.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the multifunctional precision planter in this embodiment includes a planter main body 100, a first transmission mechanism 200, a second transmission mechanism 300, a first seed sowing device 400 and a second seed sowing device 500, an assembly cavity with an open upper end is provided at an upper end of the planter main body 100, two opposite inner side walls on left and right sides of the assembly cavity are respectively a first inner side wall 101 and a second inner side wall 102, a main transmission shaft 103 extending from left and right is provided at a front side of the assembly cavity, the main transmission shaft is used for power input, the first inner side wall 101 and the second inner side wall 102 can be detachably provided with a first transmission mechanism 200 and a second transmission mechanism 300, and a power input end of the first transmission mechanism 200 and a power input end of the second transmission mechanism 300 are respectively connected with left and right ends of the main transmission shaft 103;
when the first transmission mechanism 200 is installed on the first inner sidewall 101 of the assembly cavity, the first seed metering device 400 is detachably installed in the assembly cavity, and the first seed metering transmission shaft 401 of the first seed metering device 400 is detachably connected with the power output end of the first transmission mechanism 200 through the clutch mechanism 600 and performs power transmission;
when the second transmission mechanism 300 is mounted on the second inner sidewall 102 of the assembly cavity, the second seed metering device 500 is detachably mounted in the assembly cavity, a seed metering sprocket 502 is disposed on a second seed metering transmission shaft 501 of the second seed metering device 500, and the seed metering sprocket 502 is detachably connected with a power output end of the second transmission mechanism 300 through a seed metering chain 503 and performs force transmission.
As shown in fig. 7, the first transmission mechanism 200 of the present embodiment adopts a first chain sprocket transmission mechanism, and the main transmission shaft 103 is in transmission connection with a first seed metering transmission shaft 401 of the first seed metering device 400 through the first chain sprocket transmission mechanism; the first chain sprocket transmission mechanism further comprises a first driving sprocket 201, a first driving chain 202, a first transition double sprocket 203, a driven chain 204 and a driven sprocket 205, wherein the first driving sprocket 201 is coaxially installed on the main transmission shaft 103 and is arranged close to the first inner side wall 101, the first transition double sprocket 203 and the driven sprocket 205 are respectively installed on the first inner side wall 101 of the assembly cavity, the driven sprocket 205 is positioned at the rear side of the first transition double sprocket 203, the first driving sprocket 201 is in transmission connection with one sprocket of the first transition double sprockets 203 through the first driving chain 202, and the other sprocket of the first transition double sprocket 203 is in transmission connection with the driven sprocket 205 through the driven chain 204; the first seed metering device 400 has a first seed metering transmission shaft 401 in driving connection with the driven sprocket 205 through a clutch mechanism 600. The first inner side wall 101 is further provided with a first tensioning mechanism 206 for tensioning the first driving chain 202. The chain and sprocket transmission mechanism is adopted, so that power transmission is facilitated, and disassembly and assembly in the assembly cavity are also facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2, 8 and 9, the front side of the first seed metering device 400 in this embodiment is provided with two clamping plates 402 extending from front to back, the front side of the clamping plates 402 is provided with a clamping interface 403, and the rear side of the first seed metering device 400 is provided with a clamping slot 404; the first inner side wall 101 and the second inner side wall 102 of the assembly cavity are respectively provided with a clamping shaft 104, and two clamping plates 402 are respectively clamped on the two clamping shafts 104 in a one-to-one correspondence manner through self clamping interfaces 403; the assembly cavity is internally provided with a clamping clamp 105, the clamping clamp 105 is positioned at the rear side of the clamping shaft 104, and the clamping clamp 105 is clamped in the clamping groove 404. The arrangement of the clamping plate and the clamping clamp can be matched with the clutch mechanism, so that the first seed sowing device is stably clamped and fixed in the assembly cavity, and the cultivation requirement is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the clutch mechanism 600 of the present embodiment includes a connection disc 601, a first clamping rod 602 and a second clamping rod 603, one end of the first seed-metering transmission shaft 401 is coaxially connected with the connection disc 601, a first hinge shaft 604 is radially disposed in the connection disc 601, the middle of the first hinge shaft 604 is elastically connected in the connection disc 601 through a torsion spring, two ends of the first hinge shaft 604 extend from the circumferential side of the connection disc 601 and are respectively and vertically connected with the first clamping rod 602, two second clamping rods 603 are respectively fixed at the power output end of the first transmission mechanism 200, and the second clamping rods 603 are arranged in an extending manner parallel to the axial direction of the connection disc 601; when the torsion spring does not accumulate elastic force, the first clamping rods 602 are arranged along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the connecting disc 601, and the two first clamping rods 602 are respectively in dislocation clamping connection with the two second clamping rods 603. The power transmission between the first transmission mechanism and the first seed transmission shaft can be realized through the limit fit between the first clamping rod and the second clamping rod on the clutch mechanism, and the mutually independent setting between the first transmission mechanism and the first seed transmission shaft can also be realized through the separate arrangement between the first clamping rod and the second clamping rod on the clutch mechanism.
As shown in fig. 3, the clutch mechanism 600 of the present embodiment further includes a limit bar 606 and an elastic steel sheet 607, where the limit bar 606 extends along a circumferential side of the connection disc 601, two ends of the limit bar 606 are respectively fixed with a connection arm 608, the connection arm 608 is rotationally connected with one side of the connection disc 601, which is close to the first seed transmission shaft 401, through a second hinge shaft 605, one side of the connection disc 601, which is close to the first seed transmission shaft 401, is also fixed with the elastic steel sheet 607, and the other end of the elastic steel sheet 607 is connected with a middle part of the limit bar 606; the limiting strips 606 are arranged close to the peripheral side wall of the connecting disc 601 under the action of the elastic steel sheet 607, the limiting strips 606 are pulled to be far away from the peripheral side wall of the connecting disc 601, the two first clamping rods 602 are pulled to be arranged on the peripheral side of the connecting disc 601 after rotating, the limiting strips 606 are loosened to return under the action of the elastic steel sheet 607 and clamp and limit the free ends of the two first clamping rods 602, and the free ends of the two first clamping rods 602 are limited on one side, away from the second clamping rods 603, of the two ends of the limiting strips 606. The elastic steel sheet is matched with the limiting strips, so that the first clamping connection rod can be limited on the peripheral side wall of the connecting disc, and the first clamping connection rod and the second clamping connection rod can be independently arranged.
As shown in fig. 10, the second transmission mechanism 300 of the present embodiment adopts a second chain sprocket transmission mechanism, and the main transmission shaft 103 is in transmission connection with the seed metering chain 503 through the second chain sprocket transmission mechanism; the second chain sprocket transmission mechanism comprises a second driving sprocket 301, a second driving chain 302 and a second transition double sprocket, the second driving sprocket 301 is coaxially installed on the main transmission shaft 103 and is close to the second inner side wall 102, the second transition double sprocket is installed on the second inner side wall 102 of the assembly cavity, one sprocket of the second transition double sprocket 301 and the other sprocket of the second transition double sprocket are in transmission connection through the second driving chain 302, and the other sprocket of the second transition double sprocket and the seed sowing sprocket 502 are in transmission connection through the seed sowing chain 503. The second inner side wall 102 is further provided with a second tensioning mechanism 304 for tensioning the second driving chain 302. The chain and sprocket transmission mechanism is adopted, so that power transmission is facilitated, and disassembly and assembly in the assembly cavity are also facilitated.
As shown in fig. 4-6 and 11, an L-shaped front fixing plate 504 is disposed on the front side of the second seed metering device 500 in this embodiment, a rear fixing plate 505 is disposed on the rear side of the second seed metering device 500, and the L-shaped front fixing plate 504 and the rear fixing plate 505 are respectively fixed in the assembly cavity by bolts. The second seed metering device can be stably installed in the assembly cavity by adopting the L-shaped front fixing plate and the rear fixing plate.
In one specific scheme of this embodiment, the first seed metering device 400 adopts a finger-clip type equal-plant-spacing seed metering device, and the second seed metering device 500 adopts a finger-clip type unequal-plant-spacing seed metering device; or/and, the shell of the first seed sowing device 400 is made by adopting an injection molding process, and the shell of the second seed sowing device 500 is cast by adopting metal; the core body of both seed metering devices is plastic, but the finger grip and spring are metallic (e.g., steel material). The seeding devices of different types are adopted, so that the seeding of crops with different seeding requirements can be realized. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first seed metering device and the second seed metering device may be replaced by different specifications, and in general, the first seed metering device 400 may be a seed metering device with a finger-clip type or other plant spacing, for example, a seed metering device disclosed in CN 202335229U and a finger-clip type precision seeding tray, which is generally manufactured by an injection molding process, and may be used for seeding crops with equal plant spacing, such as corn, etc., so that the clutch structure is used for better stability of the transmission structure. The second seed metering device 500 can be a finger-clamping type unequal plant spacing seed metering device, such as the seed metering device disclosed by the publication No. CN 210641357U and the patent name of an unequal plant spacing double-row corn seed metering device, is generally formed by metal casting, can be used for sowing two corn plants in a single hole, has unequal hole-hole distances, but adopts a certain proportion of sowing modes, and has better stability by adopting a chain sprocket transmission structure.
As shown in fig. 1 and 7-11, a stubble cleaning and weeding mechanism 700 is arranged at the front side of the bottom of the planter main body 100 in the embodiment, a ditching disc assembly 701 and a depth wheel assembly 702 are arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the planter main body 100, and a pressing wheel assembly 703 is arranged at the rear side of the bottom of the planter main body 100; the rear side of the upper end of the seeder body 100 is also provided with a fertilizer box 704, the bottom of the fertilizer box 704 is provided with a fertilizer pipe 705, and the fertilizer pipe 705 extends to the rear side of the ditching disc assembly 701. The multifunctional precision seeder simultaneously has the functions of stubble cleaning, ditching, seeding, applying fertilizer, compacting and the like, can realize the cultivation requirement of straw coverage, reduces soil erosion and wind erosion, prints sand storm, and protects soil and moisture.
Specifically, the stubble cleaning and weeding mechanism 700, the ditching disc assembly 701, the depth limiting wheel assembly 702, the pressing wheel assembly 703 and the fertilizer box 704 of the embodiment are all of structures commonly used in the existing precision seeder, and the stubble cleaning and weeding mechanism has the function of pressing the straw stubble and soil on the ground into a deep trench for removing the straw covered on the ground. The ditching disc assembly consists of two discs and has the function of widening the deep ditches on the ground to a certain width, so that the seeds can be conveniently adjusted into the ditches. The fertilizer pipe is used for spreading the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the seed ditch. The purpose of the pinch roller assembly is to cover and compact the seeds and the fertilizer. The function of the wheel depth limiting assembly is to limit the ditching depth of the ditching disc.
The multifunctional precision planter of the embodiment can realize the replacement and independent transmission of the two seed metering devices by arranging the two seed metering devices and matching with the two transmission mechanisms, and can realize the sowing of crops with different sowing demands. The seed metering device of the embodiment adopts two seed metering devices with different functions, and can be used for sowing corn, soybean, sorghum, wheat, rapeseeds, grains and other crops. The seeding mode of removing straw and weeds, ditching, seeding, fertilizing and compacting into a whole can also be realized.
The embodiment also provides a seed metering device replacement method of the multifunctional precision planter, which is realized by adopting the multifunctional precision planter and comprises the following steps:
when the first seed metering device 400 is selected, the first transmission mechanism 200 is arranged on the first inner side wall 101 of the assembly cavity and is in transmission connection with the main transmission shaft 103, the second transmission mechanism 300 is detached, then the first seed metering device 400 is arranged in the assembly cavity, and the first seed metering transmission shaft 401 of the first seed metering device 400 is in transmission connection with the power output end of the first transmission mechanism 200 through the clutch mechanism 600;
when the second seed metering device 500 is selected, the second transmission mechanism 300 is installed on the second inner side wall 102 of the assembly cavity and is in transmission connection with the main transmission shaft 103, the first transmission mechanism 200 is detached, then the second seed metering device 500 is installed in the assembly cavity, and the second seed metering transmission shaft 501 of the second seed metering device 500 is in transmission connection with the power output end of the second transmission mechanism 300 through the seed metering chain 503 and the seed metering chain wheel 502.
The replacement method of the seed metering device is simple and convenient to operate, and meets the requirements of being put into use after quick replacement.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The multifunctional precision seeder is characterized by comprising a seeder main body, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a first seed sowing device and a second seed sowing device, wherein an assembly cavity with an open upper end is arranged at the upper end of the seeder main body, the left and right opposite inner side walls of the assembly cavity are respectively a first inner side wall and a second inner side wall, a main transmission shaft which is arranged in a left and right extending manner is arranged at the front side of the assembly cavity, the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism can be detachably arranged on the first inner side wall and the second inner side wall respectively, and the power input end of the first transmission mechanism and the power input end of the second transmission mechanism are respectively in transmission connection with the left and right ends of the main transmission shaft;
when the first transmission mechanism is arranged on the first inner side wall of the assembly cavity, the first seed sowing device is detachably arranged in the assembly cavity, and a first seed sowing transmission shaft of the first seed sowing device is detachably connected with the power output end of the first transmission mechanism through a clutch mechanism and transmits force;
when the second transmission mechanism is arranged on the second inner side wall of the assembly cavity, the second seed sowing device is detachably arranged in the assembly cavity, a seed sowing chain wheel is arranged on a second seed sowing transmission shaft of the second seed sowing device, and the seed sowing chain wheel is detachably connected with a power output end of the second transmission mechanism through a seed sowing chain and transmits power;
the clutch mechanism comprises a connecting disc, a first clamping connection rod and a second clamping connection rod, wherein one end of a first seed transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the connecting disc, a first hinge shaft is arranged in the connecting disc along the radial direction, the middle part of the first hinge shaft is elastically connected in the connecting disc through a torsion spring, two ends of the first hinge shaft extend out of the periphery of the connecting disc and are respectively and vertically connected with the first clamping connection rod, two second clamping connection rods are respectively fixed at the power output end of the first transmission mechanism, and the second clamping connection rods are arranged in an extending manner along the axial direction parallel to the connecting disc; when the torsion spring does not accumulate elastic force, the first clamping connection rods extend along the axial direction parallel to the connecting disc, and the two first clamping connection rods are respectively in dislocation clamping connection with the two second clamping connection rods;
the clutch mechanism further comprises a limit strip and an elastic steel sheet, the limit strip is arranged along the peripheral side of the connecting disc in an extending mode, connecting arms are respectively fixed at two ends of the limit strip, the connecting arms are rotatably connected with one side, close to the first row of transmission shafts, of the connecting disc through a second hinge shaft, the elastic steel sheet is further fixed at one side, close to the first row of transmission shafts, of the connecting disc, and the other end of the elastic steel sheet is connected with the middle of the limit strip; the limiting strip is arranged close to the peripheral side wall of the connecting disc under the action of the elastic steel sheet, the limiting strip is pulled to be far away from the peripheral side wall of the connecting disc, the two first clamping rods are pulled to be arranged on the peripheral side of the connecting disc after rotating, the limiting strip is loosened to return to the original position under the action of the elastic steel sheet and clamped and limited to the free ends of the two first clamping rods, and the free ends of the two first clamping rods are limited to one side, deviating from the second clamping rods, of the two ends of the limiting strip.
2. The multifunctional precision planter according to claim 1, wherein the first transmission mechanism adopts a first chain sprocket transmission mechanism, and the main transmission shaft is in transmission connection with a first seed sowing transmission shaft of the first seed sowing device through the first chain sprocket transmission mechanism;
the first chain sprocket transmission mechanism further comprises a first driving sprocket, a first driving chain, a first transition double sprocket, a driven chain and a driven sprocket, wherein the first driving sprocket is coaxially arranged on the main transmission shaft and is close to the first inner side wall, the first transition double sprocket and the driven sprocket are respectively arranged on the first inner side wall of the assembly cavity, the driven sprocket is positioned at the rear side of the first transition double sprocket, the first driving sprocket is in transmission connection with one sprocket of the first transition double sprockets through the first driving chain, and the other sprocket of the first transition double sprocket is in transmission connection with the driven sprocket through the driven chain; the first seed sowing device comprises a first seed sowing transmission shaft and a second seed sowing transmission shaft, wherein the first seed sowing transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the driven sprocket through a clutch mechanism.
3. The multifunctional precision planter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the front side of the first seeding apparatus is provided with two clamping plates extending from front to back, the front side of the clamping plates is provided with a clamping interface, and the rear side of the first seeding apparatus is provided with a clamping groove; the first inner side wall and the second inner side wall of the assembly cavity are respectively provided with a clamping shaft, and the two clamping plates are respectively clamped on the two clamping shafts in a one-to-one correspondence manner through self clamping interfaces; the assembly cavity is internally provided with a clamping clamp, the clamping clamp is positioned at the rear side of the clamping shaft, and the clamping clamp is clamped in the clamping groove.
4. The multifunctional precision planter according to claim 1, wherein the second transmission mechanism adopts a second chain sprocket transmission mechanism, and the main transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the seed sowing chain through the second chain sprocket transmission mechanism;
the second chain sprocket transmission mechanism comprises a second driving sprocket, a second driving chain and a second transition double sprocket, wherein the second driving sprocket is coaxially arranged on the main transmission shaft and is close to the second inner side wall, the second transition double sprocket is arranged on the second inner side wall of the assembly cavity, the second driving sprocket is in transmission connection with one sprocket of the second transition double sprocket through the second driving chain, and the other sprocket of the second transition double sprocket is in transmission connection with the seed sowing sprocket through the seed sowing chain.
5. The multifunctional precision planter according to claim 1 or 4, wherein an L-shaped front fixing plate is arranged on the front side of the second seed sowing device, a rear fixing plate is arranged on the rear side of the second seed sowing device, and the L-shaped front fixing plate and the rear fixing plate are respectively fixed in the assembly cavity through bolts.
6. The multifunctional precision planter according to claim 1, wherein the first seed metering device is a finger-grip type equal-plant-spacing seed metering device and the second seed metering device is a finger-grip type unequal-plant-spacing seed metering device.
7. The multifunctional precision planter according to claim 1, wherein a stubble cleaning and weeding mechanism is arranged on the front side of the bottom of the planter body, a ditching disc assembly and a depth limiting wheel assembly are arranged in the middle of the bottom of the planter body, and a pressing wheel assembly is arranged on the rear side of the bottom of the planter body; the rear side of the upper end of the seeder main body is also provided with a fertilizer box, the bottom of the fertilizer box is provided with a fertilizer pipe, and the fertilizer pipe extends to the rear side of the ditching disc assembly.
8. A method for replacing a seed metering device of a multifunctional precision planter, characterized in that the method is realized by adopting the multifunctional precision planter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
when the first seed sowing device is selected, a first transmission mechanism is arranged on the first inner side wall of the assembly cavity and is in transmission connection with the main transmission shaft, the second transmission mechanism is detached, then the first seed sowing device is arranged in the assembly cavity, and the first seed sowing transmission shaft of the first seed sowing device is in transmission connection with the power output end of the first transmission mechanism through a clutch mechanism;
when the second seed metering device is selected, the second transmission mechanism is arranged on the second inner side wall of the assembly cavity and is in transmission connection with the main transmission shaft, the first transmission mechanism is detached, then the second seed metering device is arranged in the assembly cavity, and the second seed metering transmission shaft of the second seed metering device is in transmission connection with the power output end of the second transmission mechanism through the seed metering chain and the seed metering chain wheel.
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| CN202311001727.7A CN116711512B (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Multifunctional precision seeder and seed metering device replacement method thereof |
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