CN116641245A - 一种锦纶数码印花工艺 - Google Patents

一种锦纶数码印花工艺 Download PDF

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CN116641245A
CN116641245A CN202310598597.3A CN202310598597A CN116641245A CN 116641245 A CN116641245 A CN 116641245A CN 202310598597 A CN202310598597 A CN 202310598597A CN 116641245 A CN116641245 A CN 116641245A
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萧兴水
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Shaoxing Qianyong Textile Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种锦纶数码印花工艺,该工艺提供一种上浆处方包括:瓜尔胶3~6%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1~3%、负酸的纳米二氧化硅3~8%、尿素3~5%,余量为水;通过纳米二氧化硅负载酸剂,在汽蒸的过程中,通过控制汽蒸的温度和时间,控制酸剂的释放量,从而同时适应较低pH的酸性染料染色和较高pH值的活性染料染色,同时负酸纳米二氧化硅既能够减少墨水的渗化,也能起到吸附墨水的作用,有利于提高织物K/S。

Description

一种锦纶数码印花工艺
技术领域
本发明属于织物数码印花技术领域,具体涉及一种锦纶数码印花工艺。
背景技术
锦纶的喷墨印花一般都选用活性染料和酸性染料,由于酸性染料能通过强的离子键和静电作用力与锦纶纤维的端氨基结合,获得较好的染色效果,从而成为锦纶纤维染色的首选染料;锦纶纤维对酸较为敏感,因此需要在弱酸~碱性环境中进行染色,但采用弱酸性染料染色的锦纶湿摩擦牢度和耐光色牢度差,常采用与活性染料相拼染的方式进行改进。但酸性染料和活性染料都有一个共同的缺点,即吸附上色速度较快,墨水渗透均匀性差。另外,酸性染料上染最佳pH为4.5-6,而活性染料如果以共价键交联的方式在锦纶表面上染,需要在碱性条件下进行,因此同时适用酸性染料和活性染料染色的锦纶印花工艺对染料的选择、面料的预处理都有严峻的要求。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术中的不足,提供一种锦纶数码印花工艺,该工艺提供一种上浆处方,与可控汽蒸程序相结合,可同时适用于活性染料和酸性染料墨水,并且得到匀染性佳、色牢度高的锦纶数码印花织物。
锦纶在酸性条件下染色具有以下特点:(1)在等电点(5~6)以下,锦纶的端氨基质子化为NH3 +,带磺酸基的染料与NH3 +通过离子键结合从而吸附在纤维表面;(2)在汽蒸过程中,纤维吸水膨化,使得染料能够进入纤维内部,在高温的环境中进行固化。
由于活性染料的母体大多数是酸性染料,因此活性染料通常带有磺酸基,为活性染料在酸性条件下上染织物提供条件;另外,酸性染料的分子通常比活性染料的分子大,因此其渗透性/渗化性均较活性染料大;进一步的,由于酸性染料与活性染料对酸碱的敏感性不同,最佳的上染pH值也不同;综上所述,采用单一的上浆处方或印花工艺,难以同时适应酸性染料墨水和活性染料墨水。
本发明提供一种锦纶数码印花工艺,包括以下步骤:
配置预处理浆→织物上浆→烘干(80℃)→数码印花→烘干(60~100℃)→汽蒸→水洗(热水,5min×2)→皂洗(浴比1∶20,1g/L皂洗剂DM-1522,70℃皂洗20min)→水洗(冷水,5min)→烘干(120℃)。
S1、配置预处理浆,包括以下组分:瓜尔胶3~6%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1~3%、负酸的纳米二氧化硅3~8%、尿素3~5%,余量为水。
所述负酸的纳米二氧化硅制备方法如下:
十六烷基溴化铵作为表面活性剂分散在水中,按计量比加入无水乙醇、氨水和硅酸四乙酯,搅拌3h后,用去离子水洗涤得到的溶胶,继续加入硝酸铵和无水乙醇,在80℃下回流5h,洗涤干燥后得到纳米介孔二氧化硅粉末,置于4℃冰箱中保存。
配置酸的水溶液,然后加入纳米二氧化硅粉末,超声后,离心取下层沉淀物干燥,得到负酸的纳米二氧化硅。
所述负酸的纳米二氧化硅粒径为200~400nm。
所述酸选自:磷酸二氢铵、柠檬酸、硫酸铵中的一种或组合。
S2、织物上浆:二浸二轧,轧辊压力为9.8N/cm2
S4、数码印花,墨水选择活性染料或酸性染料中的一种或组合。
S6、汽蒸:控制温度为105~200℃,蒸汽饱和度为100%,时间为10~30min。
本发明具有如下优点和有益效果:
本发明提供一种锦纶喷墨印花预处理工艺,该工艺通过纳米二氧化硅负载酸剂,在汽蒸的过程中,通过控制汽蒸的温度和时间,控制酸剂的释放量,从而同时适应较低pH的酸性染料染色和较高pH值的活性染料染色,同时负酸纳米二氧化硅既能够减少墨水的渗化,也能起到吸附墨水的作用,有利于提高织物K/S。
附图说明
图1为负酸前后的纳米二氧化硅的SEM。
具体实施方式
在本发明中,若没有特殊要求,采用的制备原料均为本领域技术人员所熟知的市售商品。下面将结合本发明中的实施例,对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
制备负酸纳米二氧化硅。
(1)称取3.11g十六烷基溴化铵作为表面活性剂分散在100mL水中,然后加入20.25g硅酸四乙酯和80mL无水乙醇,加入氨水调节pH值为8~9,搅拌3h后,用去离子水洗涤得到的溶胶,继续加入4.14g硝酸铵和100mL无水乙醇,在80℃下回流5h,洗涤干燥后得到纳米介孔二氧化硅粉末,置于4℃冰箱中保存。
(2)配置不同的酸溶液,分别为30g/100mL柠檬酸溶液、40g/100mL硫酸铵溶液、10g/100mL柠檬酸和30g/100mL硫酸铵的混合溶液,分别称取5±0.25g步骤(1)得到的纳米介孔二氧化硅粉末分散于100mL上述溶液中并超声30min,离心后取下层沉淀物干燥即得到负酸的纳米二氧化硅。
称取上述纳米介孔二氧化硅粉末和负酸的纳米二氧化硅分散于水溶液中,进行扫描电子显微镜SEM图像分析(SU9000)
实施例2
一种锦纶喷墨印花预处理工艺,包括以下步骤:
配置预处理浆→织物上浆一烘干(80℃)→数码印花→烘干(60℃)→汽蒸→水洗(热水40℃,5min×2)→皂洗(浴比1∶20,1g/L皂洗剂DM-1522,70℃皂洗20min)→水洗(冷水,5min)→烘干(120℃)。
S2、织物上浆:二浸二轧,轧辊压力为9.8N/cm2
织物为3.3tex/3.3tex(30D/30D),745根/10cm×633根/10cm,40g/m2尼丝纺。
S4、数码印花,墨水选择活性染料或酸性染料中的一种或组合。
活性墨水印花:使用VEGA5000型喷墨印花机(杭州宏华数码科技股份有限公司);使用青色、品红、黄色、黑色活性染料墨水,购自杭州宏华数码科技股份有限公司。
酸性墨水印花:使用DTBS-1638导带式数码印花机,购自成都金智达数码科技有限责任公司;使用青色、品红、黄色、黑色酸性染料墨水(丝美特),购自鸿盛数码科技股份有限公司。
预处理浆,包括以下组分:瓜尔胶5%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1%、负酸的纳米二氧化硅(柠檬酸)3%、尿素5%,余量为水。
汽蒸条件:酸性墨水印花在150℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸10min,活性墨水印花在120℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸20min。
瓜尔胶购自郑州普尔化工产品有限公司;阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺购自河南聚丙烯酰胺有限公司。
实施例3
预处理浆,包括以下组分:瓜尔胶5%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1%、负酸的纳米二氧化硅(柠檬酸)5%、尿素5%,余量为水。
汽蒸条件:酸性墨水印花在150℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸10min,活性墨水印花在120℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸20min。
其余与实施例2相同。
实施例4
预处理浆,包括以下组分:瓜尔胶5%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1%、负酸的纳米二氧化硅(柠檬酸)8%、尿素5%,余量为水。
汽蒸条件:酸性墨水印花在150℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸10min,活性墨水印花在120℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸20min。
其余与实施例2相同。
实施例5
预处理浆,包括以下组分:瓜尔胶5%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1%、负酸的纳米二氧化硅(硫酸铵)8%、尿素5%,余量为水。
汽蒸条件:酸性墨水印花在180℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸15min,活性墨水印花在150℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸20min。
其余与实施例2相同。
实施例6
预处理浆,包括以下组分:瓜尔胶5%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1%、负酸的纳米二氧化硅(柠檬酸+硫酸铵)8%、尿素5%,余量为水。
汽蒸条件:酸性墨水印花在102℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸10min。
其余与实施例2相同。
实施例7
预处理浆,包括以下组分:瓜尔胶5%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1%、负酸的纳米二氧化硅(柠檬酸+硫酸铵)8%、尿素5%,余量为水。
汽蒸条件:酸性墨水印花在150℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸10min,活性墨水印花在120℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸20min。
其余与实施例2相同。
实施例8
预处理浆,包括以下组分:瓜尔胶5%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1%、负酸的纳米二氧化硅(柠檬酸+硫酸铵)8%、尿素5%,余量为水。
汽蒸条件:酸性墨水印花在200℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸10min。
其余与实施例2相同。
对比例1
预处理浆,包括以下组分:瓜尔胶5%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1%、柠檬酸2%、硫酸铵4%、尿素5%,余量为水。
汽蒸条件:酸性墨水印花在150℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸10min,活性墨水印花在120℃饱和蒸汽中汽蒸20min。
其余与实施例2相同。
测试例1
喷印青(C)、品红(M)、黄(Y)、黑(K)单色色块,用Datacolor测色仪测定打印区域的K/S值,计算K/S之和。
测试例2
固色率测定。
式中,(K/S)f为印花织物皂洗后正面色深;(K/S)f0为印花皂洗前正面色深。
结果为青(C)、品红(M)、黄(Y)、黑(K)四个色块的平均值。
测试例3
测试墨水渗化程度。
设计圆点图案,通过扫描仪将图案扫描存入电脑,再用Image软件测出图案的面积。根据公式计算墨水在织物上的渗化度R。
式中,S-设计印花图案的面积;S′-喷墨印花完成后的图案面积。
结果为青(C)、品红(M)、黄(Y)、黑(K)四个色块的平均值。
测试例4
耐皂洗色牢度按照GB/T 3921-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐皂洗色牢度》方法测定。
耐摩擦色牢度按照GB/T 3920-2008《织品色牢度试验耐摩擦色牢度》测定。
按照品红(M)色块进行评价。
测试例1-4的结果列于表2。
表2
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种锦纶数码印花工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
配置预处理浆→织物上浆→烘干I→数码印花→烘干II→汽蒸→水洗I→皂洗→水洗II→烘干III;
所述预处理浆,按质量百分比计算,包括以下组分:瓜尔胶3~6%,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺1~3%、负酸的纳米二氧化硅3~8%、尿素3~5%,余量为水;
所述负酸的纳米二氧化硅制备方法如下:
十六烷基溴化铵作为表面活性剂分散在水中,按计量比加入无水乙醇、氨水和硅酸四乙酯,搅拌3h后,用去离子水洗涤得到的溶胶,继续加入硝酸铵和无水乙醇,在80℃下回流5h,洗涤干燥后得到纳米介孔二氧化硅粉末,置于4℃冰箱中保存;
配置酸的水溶液,然后加入纳米二氧化硅粉末,超声后,离心取下层沉淀物干燥,得到负酸的纳米二氧化硅。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦纶数码印花工艺,其特征在于,所述酸选自:磷酸二氢铵、柠檬酸、硫酸铵中的一种或组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦纶数码印花工艺,其特征在于,所述酸的水溶液的浓度为10~50g/100mL,用量与纳米二氧化硅粉末比例为100mL∶5g。
4.根据权利要求1~3任一所述的一种锦纶数码印花工艺,其特征在于,所述负酸的纳米二氧化硅粒径为200~400nm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦纶数码印花工艺,其特征在于,所述烘干I温度为80℃,烘干II温度为60~100℃,所述烘干III温度为120℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦纶数码印花工艺,其特征在于,所述水洗I为在40℃热水中水洗5min,重复两次;所述水洗II为在常温水下水洗5min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦纶数码印花工艺,其特征在于,所述皂洗为采用1g/L皂洗剂DM-1522,在70℃皂洗20min,浴比1:20。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦纶数码印花工艺,其特征在于,所述织物上浆:二浸二轧,轧辊压力为9.8N/cm2
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦纶数码印花工艺,其特征在于,所述数码印花,墨水选择活性染料或酸性染料中的一种或组合。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦纶数码印花工艺,其特征在于,所述汽蒸:控制温度为105~200℃,蒸汽饱和度为100%,时间为10~30min。
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