CN110886103A - 一种酸性数码印花底浆及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种酸性数码印花底浆及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN110886103A
CN110886103A CN201911238285.1A CN201911238285A CN110886103A CN 110886103 A CN110886103 A CN 110886103A CN 201911238285 A CN201911238285 A CN 201911238285A CN 110886103 A CN110886103 A CN 110886103A
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corn fiber
polyacrylic acid
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梁志光
詹伟彬
易宗应
覃赵华
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Guangzhou Qiang Xin New Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种酸性数码印花底浆及其制备方法,该印花底浆由以下重量百分含量的组分组成:增稠剂1.5~3%、助溶剂2~5%、吸湿剂2~5%、苹果酸1~1.6%、壳聚糖季铵盐0.5~0.8%、氯化钠0.5~2.5%、硫酸铵1~3%和余量的水;所述增稠剂由玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸和钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物组成,按重量计,其中玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:(1.2~2):(1~2)。本发明的酸性数码印花底浆,将增稠剂与助溶剂、吸湿剂、缓染剂氯化钠、酸性助剂硫酸铵组合使用,改善了印花浆料的K/S值和渗化率,提高了保水率,色牢度,抗菌以及抗皱性能,可用于锦纶印花工艺中。

Description

一种酸性数码印花底浆及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及数码印花技术领域,尤其涉及一种酸性数码印花底浆及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
数码印花是将花样图案通过数字形式输入到计算机,通过计算机印花分色描稿系统(CAD)编辑处理,再由计算机控制微压电式喷墨嘴把专用染液直接喷射到纺织品或其它介质上,形成所需的各种高精度的图案。
酸性染料染色一般都是芳香族的磺酸钠盐,含有磺酸基、羟基等基团,少数为羧酸钠盐在水中电离成色素酸阴离子,能与纤维上的氨基或酰胺基相结合,故能用于毛、丝等蛋白质纤维和聚酰胺类合成纤维的染色和印花。酸性染料色泽鲜艳,染色牢度好。这类染料大多在酸性液中染色,因此称为酸性染料染色。丝/毛/锦纶织物的主体成份是蛋白质由于具有游离的胺基,所以,酸性数码印花主要用于丝/毛/锦纶胶织物领域。酸性数码印花底浆是在丝/毛/锦纶胶织物数码印花过程中作为酸性染料上染纤维的介质,为染料上染纤维提供帮助的化学品复合物。数码印花底浆对墨水有良好的吸收、容纳作用,可促使染料在湿热状态下与纤维结合,获得特定的印花效果。现有技术中的数码印花浆料保水性差,手感差,鲜艳度差,得色量不高。
发明内容
为解决上述现有技术中存在的缺点和不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种酸性数码印花底浆及其制备方法和应用。
为实现其目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
一种酸性数码印花底浆,由以下重量百分含量的组分组成:增稠剂1.5~3%、助溶剂2~5%、吸湿剂2~5%、苹果酸1~1.5%、壳聚糖季铵盐0.5~0.8%、氯化钠0.5~2.5%、硫酸铵1~3%和余量的水;所述增稠剂由玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸和钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物组成,所述玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物的重量比为玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:(1.2~2):(1~2)。
本发明的酸性数码印花底浆,将增稠剂与助溶剂、吸湿剂、苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐、缓染剂氯化钠、酸性助剂硫酸铵组合使用,可改善印花浆料的K/S值和渗化率,提高了保水率,色牢度、提高抗皱性能、抑菌能力。其中增稠剂采用玉米纤维胶,玉米纤维胶是通过过氧化氢的碱性溶液从玉米纤维中提取得到,其具有高度支化的结构,玉米纤维胶的糖基构成为:D-木糖,L-阿拉伯糖,半乳糖,葡萄糖醛酸。本发明通过将玉米纤维胶与具有增稠作用的高分子聚合物聚丙烯酸以及有机无机增稠复合物钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺进行搭配,取得了增稠的协同增效作用,可提高玉米纤维胶的增稠效果;本发明的氯化钠为一种中性电解质,具有缓染作用,使纤维面料均匀染色,不产生色花,且钠离子与锦纶纤维内部存在浓度差,有助于染料进入纤维内部,加快染料分子的流动性,提供染料上染率;酸性助剂硫酸铵其作用是锦纶面料在汽蒸时不断分解释放出氨气,使纤维内部所处环境酸性逐渐增大,给酸性染料上染锦纶纤维提供了良好的上色条件,保证了染料的上色率。苹果酸具有抗皱、抑菌且同时还能够提高天然染料印花的色牢度,申请人发现将苹果酸与大分子壳聚糖季铵盐和聚丙烯酸进行复配,能够提高织物的抗皱性能,同时,苹果酸与壳聚糖季铵盐可同时促进浆料对织物的抗菌、固色能力。
优选地,所述玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物的重量比为玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:(1.5~1.8):(1.5~1.8)。本申请发明人发现,当三者在此特定范围内配比时,具有更优异的4-5级,K/S值、渗化率、PVI、抗电解质能力。
更优选地,所述玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物的重量比为玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.6:1.6。
当玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物用量符合上述条件时,印花底浆的各项性能更佳。
优选地,所述苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐的重量比为苹果酸:壳聚糖季铵盐的=2:1。当苹果酸与壳聚糖季铵盐采用此比例进行组合时,具有抑菌、固色的协同增效作用。
优选地,助溶剂为二甲苯磺酸和/或二甘醇醚。所述吸湿剂为甘油。
本发明还提供了一种所述的酸性数码印花底浆的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将增稠剂按重量配比加入去离子水中混合均匀搅拌,静置8~18小时,得到混合原糊;
2)将助溶剂、吸湿剂、氯化钠、苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐、硫酸铵加入步骤(1)水中,搅拌均匀;得到所述的酸性数码印花底浆。
本发明另一目的在于提供上述的酸性数码印花底浆在锦纶印花工艺中的应用。
除此之外,本发明还提供一种数码印花工艺,其包括以下步骤:使用上述的酸性数码印花底浆对织物进行预处理、数码印花、高温汽蒸、固色、水洗和烘干。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:本发明的酸性数码印花底浆,将增稠剂与助溶剂、吸湿剂、缓染剂氯化钠、苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐、酸性助剂硫酸铵组合使用,可改善印花浆料的K/S值和渗化率,提高保水率,色牢度,抗皱性能和抑菌效果。
具体实施方式
为更好的说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点,本发明通过下列实施例进一步说明。显然,下列实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。应理解,本发明实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术效果,而非用于限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明的钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物的制备方法为将占钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物的总质量25%钠基蒙脱土的加入到质量浓度为30%的丙烯酰胺水溶液中混合均匀,在6000rpm的转速下打浆10分钟,静置浸泡12小时,再在5000rpm的转速下打浆5分钟,充分水化后将混合液转移至反应器中,在搅拌下滴加引发剂过硫酸铵水溶液,使加入的过硫酸铵与丙烯酰胺质量比为1:350,通氮除氧后置于40℃水浴装置内恒温聚合2小时,反应结束后产物于50℃真空干燥,粉碎至200目得钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物。
本发明玉米纤维胶的提取方法参考[冯慧敏,黄强,李超,玉米纤维胶的理化性质和抗氧化活性研究,现代食品科技]中玉米纤维胶CFG1的制备。
实施例1、一种酸性数码印花底浆
一种酸性数码印花底浆,由以下重量百分含量的组分组成:增稠剂2.5%、二甲苯磺酸3%、甘油3%、苹果酸1.2%、壳聚糖季铵盐0.6%、氯化钠1%、硫酸铵1.5%和余量的水。
所述增稠剂包括玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物,按重量计,其中玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.6:1.6。
实施例2、一种酸性数码印花底浆
一种酸性数码印花底浆,由以下重量百分含量的组分组成:增稠剂1.5%、二甘醇醚2%、甘油2%、苹果酸1%、壳聚糖季铵盐0.5%、氯化钠0.5%、硫酸铵1%和余量的水。
所述增稠剂包括玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物,按重量计,其中玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.6:1.6。
实施例3、一种酸性数码印花底浆
一种酸性数码印花底浆,由以下重量百分含量的组分组成:增稠剂3%、二甲苯磺酸3%、二甘醇醚2%、甘油5%、苹果酸1.4%、壳聚糖季铵盐0.7%、氯化钠2.5%、硫酸铵3%和余量的水。
所述增稠剂包括玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物,按重量计,其中玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.6:1.6。
实施例4、一种酸性数码印花底浆
一种酸性数码印花底浆,由以下重量百分含量的组分组成:增稠剂2.8%、二甘醇醚3%、甘油3%、苹果酸1.6%、壳聚糖季铵盐0.8%、氯化钠1%、硫酸铵2%和余量的水。
所述增稠剂包括玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物,按重量计,其中玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.6:1.6。
对比例1、一种酸性数码印花底浆
一种酸性数码印花底浆,包括以下重量百分含量的组分:海藻酸钠2.5%、二甲苯磺酸3%、甘油3%、氯化钠1%、硫酸铵1.5%和余量的水。
实施例5、一种数码印花工艺
以锦纶面料为例,取本发明所述酸性数码印花底浆,采用浸轧式上浆机器对锦纶面料进行预处理,烘干后经过数码印花、高温汽蒸、固色、水洗,烘干得到数码印花织物样品。
实施例6、性能测试
取本发明实施例1~4以及对比例1制备的酸性数码印花底浆按照实施例5所述印花工艺制备得到相应的织物,按照以下(一)~(二)方法对上述织物进行印花牢度测试、K/S值和渗化率测试,测试结果如下表1所示。
(一)印花牢度测试
1、织物摩擦色牢度测试:
按照GB/T 3920-2008《纺织品·色牢度试验·耐摩擦色牢度》要求,对试样进行耐摩擦色牢度测试。
按照GB251-1995《评定沾色用灰色样卡》评定摩擦色牢度。
2、织物皂洗色牢度测试:
按照GB/T 3921.1-2008《纺织品·色牢度试验·耐皂洗色牢度》要求,对试样进行耐皂洗色牢度测试。
按照GB250-1995《评定变色用灰色样卡》评定皂洗色牢度。
(二)K/S值、渗化率测定
得色量的测定:用COLOR-Eye7000A电脑测色配色仪测定织物K/S值。K/S值越大,得色越深。
渗化率的测定:通过电脑绘制点样,各组试样取直径为2cm的2圆点20个,通过电脑扫描仪扫描点样织物,扫描仪的设置为dpi,亮度为-75,对比度为50。所得图像用北京大恒视觉图像公司的CPAS图像处理软件分析,设置的图像容差为140(与电脑软件分析色点边缘的颜色梯度有关)。通过图像分析可得到点样样品中墨点的面积(mm2),以20个墨点每一个点的渗化率相加后的平均值为评测指标,计算如下式所示:
渗化率=(工艺处理后的点样面积-打印后的点样面积)/打印后的点样面积×100%。
表1
测试样品 摩擦色牢度 皂洗色牢度 渗化率% K/S值
实施例1 4-5 4-5 8.10 17.89
实施例2 4 4 8.54 16.99
实施例3 4 4~5 8.69 17.25
实施例4 4 4 8.21 17.02
对比例1 3-4 3-4 8.78 15.21
从上表的结果可看出:本发明实施例1~4制备得到的酸性数码印花底浆对锦纶织物进行处理得到的印花织物与普通酸性数码印花底浆相比,印花色泽更鲜艳,色牢度可以达到4-5级,同时由于色量得到提高,印花织物的花型更加丰满,颜色更加艳丽,K/S值、渗化率得到了很好的改善,尤其以实施例1制得的酸性底浆性能最优。
实施例7
本实施例考察了增稠剂对印花底浆性能的影响,本实施例按照实施例1的配方,仅改变增稠剂的种类与配比,增稠剂的重量百分含量为2.5%,按照表2配比添加到配方中,对所述浆料进行耐电解质性能、K/S值、渗化率测试,其中PVI、K/S值、渗化率测试测试方法同实施例6相同;
数码印花浆料的PVI:用NDJ-1旋转式粘度计,在温度25℃下测试出,用于标准数码印花浆料的粘稠性。
耐电解质性能:以粘度保留率表示,将上述复合糊料加入0.05%Nacl白浆粘度,粘度保留率=η加Nacl后加Nacl前,粘度保留率越高,耐电解质性能越好。
上述性能测试结果见表3。
表2
试验组 增稠剂的组分及重量比
试验组1 玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1:0.8
试验组2 玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.2:1
试验组3 玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.5:1.5
试验组4 玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.6:1.6
试验组5 玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.8:1.8
试验组6 玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:2:2
试验组7 玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:2.5:2
试验组8 玉米纤维胶
试验组9 聚丙烯酸
试验组10 钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物
试验组11 玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸=1:1.6
试验组12 玉米纤维胶:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.6
试验组13 聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1.6:1.6
表3
Figure BDA0002304391760000071
Figure BDA0002304391760000081
从表3结果可知,当增稠剂的含量为2.5%时,改变其种类与配比,其各项性能均会改变,试验组1~7为改变了玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物的配比,其中试验组2~6优于试验组1、试验组7,而试验组3~5优于其他试验组,尤其是试验组4的色牢度可以达到4-5级,K/S值、渗化率、PVI、抗电解质能力最佳,该试验组制备得到增稠剂具有优异的增稠能力,抗电解质性能、高得色量。试验组8~13为仅改变了增稠剂的种类,分别为仅含有玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物三种成分的一种或两种或三种成分,其各个含量配比与试验组4相同,从表3数据结果可知,其中性能均不如本发明,表明当增稠剂的三种成分按照特定比例进行组合时,有最优的协同作用,进一步提高了浆料的粘稠性,提高了印花底浆渗化率、着色能力。
实施例8
本实施例共设置实验组14~20,各试验组重量百分含量配方以及测试结果如表4所示;分别测试织物的其抗皱性能、抑菌性能、印花牢度测试、K/S值的测定;其中,印花牢度测试、K/S值测试方法如同实施例6,抗皱性能、抑菌性能的测试方法为:
干态抗皱回复角:按照GB/T3819《纺织品织物折痕回复性的测定》中的垂直法测定干态抗皱回复角,以经向加纬向表示。
抑菌功能测试:GB20944.3-2008-T纺织品抑菌功能的评价第3部分。
表4
Figure BDA0002304391760000091
从表4中可知,从实施例1与试验组14~16可知,在聚丙烯酸、苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐的总含量不变的情况下,缺少了聚丙烯酸、苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐其中一种成分,织物的抗皱性能下降二十度左右,表明聚丙烯酸、苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐三者之间具有协同作用,可进一步提供织物的抗皱性能,使该数码印花浆料可用于数码印花。从实施例1与实验组17~20可知,在其他成分相同情况下,改变苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐的种类与配比,发现将影响抑菌性能以及色牢度,且当苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐缺少其中一种成分时,其抑菌性能以及色牢度均下降明显,说明苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐具有抗菌、提高色牢度的功能。尤其是当苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐重量比为2:1时,其效果最佳。
最后应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种酸性数码印花底浆,其特征在于,由以下重量百分含量的组分组成:增稠剂1.5~3%、助溶剂2~5%、吸湿剂2~5%、苹果酸1~1.6%、壳聚糖季铵盐0.5~0.8%、氯化钠0.5~2.5%、硫酸铵1~3%和余量的水;所述增稠剂由玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸和钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物组成,所述玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物的重量比为玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:(1.2~2):(1~2)。
2.如权利要求1所述的酸性数码印花底浆,其特征在于,所述玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物的重量比为玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:(1.5~1.8):(1.5~1.8)。
3.如权利要求2所述的酸性数码印花底浆,其特征在于,所述玉米纤维胶、聚丙烯酸、钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物的重量比为玉米纤维胶:聚丙烯酸:钠基蒙脱土/聚丙基酰胺复合物=1:1.6:1.6。
4.如权利要求1所述的酸性数码印花底浆,其特征在于,所述苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐的重量比为苹果酸:壳聚糖季铵盐=2:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的酸性数码印花底浆,其特征在于,助溶剂为二甲苯磺酸和/或二甘醇醚。
6.如权利要求1所述的酸性数码印花底浆,其特征在于,所述吸湿剂为甘油。
7.一种如权利要求1~6任一项所述的酸性数码印花底浆的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将增稠剂按重量配比加入去离子水中混合均匀搅拌,静置8~18小时,得到混合原糊;
2)将助溶剂、吸湿剂、氯化钠、硫酸铵、苹果酸、壳聚糖季铵盐加入步骤1)水中,搅拌均匀;得到所述的酸性数码印花底浆。
8.一种如权利要求1~6任一项所述的酸性数码印花底浆在数码印花工艺中的应用。
9.一种数码印花工艺,其特征在于,包括使用如权利要求1~6任一项所述的酸性数码印花底浆对织物进行预处理、数码印花、高温汽蒸、固色、水洗和烘干步骤。
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