CN116606684A - 一种电动汽车传动液及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种电动汽车传动液及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及润滑油组合物领域,具体为一种电动汽车传动液及制备方法,以重量份数计,包括:基础油91‑95份、粘度指数改进剂2‑4份、功能性添加剂3‑5份、消泡剂0.03‑0.05份,本发明所制备的传动液具有优异的抗磨损性能和极压性能,能够有效地提高润滑油的抗磨损性能和承载能力,且抗铜腐蚀性能优良,具有优异的高低温性能、热氧化稳定性,能够降低摩擦,节能降耗,同时保证高温和低温条件下的高效能输出。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油组合物领域,具体为一种电动汽车传动液及制备方法。
背景技术
21世纪以来,石油资源的持续减少和汽车尾气造成的环境问题严重制约着人类社会的可持续发展。鉴于此,各国纷纷出台政策法规推进新能源汽车的发展。最具代表性的新能源汽车是电动汽车,电动汽车的驱动系统主要采用驱动电机+单级/两级减速器的方式,没有离合器和同步器,减速器直接与电机连接,传动比较简单。
但随着电动汽车驱动系统不断向高转速、高功率密度、高电压、集成冷却的方向发展,新一代高性能电动汽车多采用“三合一”的集成式驱动系统,即将电机、减速器、电机控制器耦合的驱动系统。在这种集成式驱动系统中,油品需要长期与含铜的电气元件接触,因而对油品的耐腐蚀性能和耐磨性能等提出了新的技术要求,传统的传动液已不能满足需求。
发明内容
发明目的:针对上述技术问题,本发明提出了一种电动汽车传动液及制备方法。
所采用的技术方案如下:
一种电动汽车传动液,以重量份数计,包括:
基础油91-95份、粘度指数改进剂2-4份、功能性添加剂3-5份、消泡剂0.03-0.05份。
进一步地,还包括式1化合物;
其中,Ar1和Ar2相同或不同,各自独立的选自C1-25烃基和式2基团;
其中,M为O或S,R1和R2相同或不同,各自独立的为C1-25烃基;所述式1化合物的用量为基础油重量的1-3%。
进一步地,所述Ar1和Ar2相同,均为式2基团。
进一步地,式2基团中R1和R2相同或不同,各自独立的为C18-25烷基。进一步地,所述式1化合物为化合物A或化合物B;
进一步地,所述基础油为4cst基础油、6cst基础油、PAO4基础油、PAO6基础油中的任意一种或多种。
进一步地,所述粘度指数改进剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯型粘度指数改进剂和/或乙丙共聚型黏度指数改进剂。
进一步地,所述功能性添加剂包括极压抗磨剂、抗氧剂、清净剂、分散剂、摩擦改进剂中的任意一种或多种。
进一步地,所述功能性添加剂包括抗氧剂和清净剂,所述抗氧剂和清净剂的重量比为1-5:1-5。
本发明还提供了一种电动汽车传动液的制备方法,具体如下:
先将基础油加入反应釜,然后加入粘度指数改进剂、功能性添加剂和式1化合物,升温至40-50℃搅拌均匀,再加入消泡剂,高速搅拌10-30min恢复室温即可。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供了一种电动汽车传动液,具有粘度指数高,在高温下仍能保证其具有良好的润滑和密封性能,抗氧化性能优异,150℃条件下的旋转氧弹不低于800min,提高传动液的使用寿命,终身免维护,铜腐蚀保护性能好,铜片腐蚀小于1b(121℃),避免电机中铜线腐蚀,能够有效降低摩擦,节能降耗,保持变速顺畅,同时保证高温和低温条件下的高效能输出。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1所制备的传动液照片。
具体实施方式
实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。本发明未提及的技术均参照现有技术,除非特别指出,以下实施例和对比例为平行试验,采用同样的处理步骤和参数。
实施例1:
一种电动汽车传动液,以重量份数计,包括:
PAO4基础油65份、PAO6基础油28份、化合物A1.5份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯型粘度指数改进剂3份、巴斯夫抗氧剂IRGANOX L57 1份、磺酸盐清净剂2份、非硅消泡剂PX-3841 0.05份。
化合物A的结构式及制备方法如下:
氮气保护下,在装有搅拌器、温度计、冷凝管和分水器的500mL四口烧瓶中,加入1.62g 2-乙胺基苯并三唑、12.7g二(十八烷基)二硫代磷酸、2.76g碳酸钾和200mL甲苯,迅速搅拌升温至85℃,滴加10mL 37%甲醛水溶液,恒温反应2h后,减压蒸馏除去水后升温至105℃继续反应2h,再减压蒸馏除去甲苯,所得固体拌样通过柱层析分离(DCM:MeOH=20:1)得到化合物A,分子式C82H160N4O4P2S4,ESI-MS(m/z)(M+):计算值1455.08,实测值1455.22,元素分析计算值C,67.63;H,11.07;N,3.85;O,4.39;P,4.25;S,8.81;计算值:C,67.50;H,11.12;N,3.89;O,4.23;P,4.26;S,8.92。
上述电动汽车传动液的制备方法:
先将PAO4基础油、PAO6基础油加入反应釜,然后加入聚甲基丙烯酸酯型粘度指数改进剂、巴斯夫抗氧剂IRGANOX L57、磺酸盐清净剂和化合物A,升温至50℃搅拌均匀,再加入非硅消泡剂PX-3841,高速搅拌30min恢复室温即可。
实施例2:
一种电动汽车传动液,以重量份数计,包括:
PAO4基础油65份、PAO6基础油30份、化合物A 1.5份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯型粘度指数改进剂4份、巴斯夫抗氧剂IRGANOX L57 1份、磺酸盐清净剂3份、非硅消泡剂PX-3841 0.05份。
化合物A的结构式及制备方法同实施例1;
上述电动汽车传动液的制备方法:
先将PAO4基础油、PAO6基础油加入反应釜,然后加入聚甲基丙烯酸酯型粘度指数改进剂、巴斯夫抗氧剂IRGANOX L57、磺酸盐清净剂和化合物A,升温至50℃搅拌均匀,再加入非硅消泡剂PX-3841,高速搅拌30min恢复室温即可。
实施例3:
一种电动汽车传动液,以重量份数计,包括:
PAO4基础油65份、PAO6基础油26份、化合物A1.5份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯型粘度指数改进剂2份、巴斯夫抗氧剂IRGANOX L57 1份、磺酸盐清净剂1份、非硅消泡剂PX-3841 0.03份。
化合物A的结构式及制备方法同实施例1;
上述电动汽车传动液的制备方法:
先将PAO4基础油、PAO6基础油加入反应釜,然后加入聚甲基丙烯酸酯型粘度指数改进剂、巴斯夫抗氧剂IRGANOX L57、磺酸盐清净剂和化合物A,升温至50℃搅拌均匀,再加入非硅消泡剂PX-3841,高速搅拌30min恢复室温即可。
对比例1:
与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,用二烷基二硫代磷酸-甲醛-脂肪胺缩合物代替化合物A。
对比例2:
与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,用苯三唑脂肪胺盐代替化合物A。
性能测试:
分别将实施例1-3及对比例1-2中所制备传动液作为试样进行性能测试,测试结果如下表1所示:
表1:
试验项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 测试方法 |
100℃运动粘度,mm2/s | 6.42 | 6.36 | 6.40 | 5.72 | 5.51 | GB/T 265-1988 |
粘度指数 | 185 | 180 | 182 | 166 | 159 | GB/T 1995-1988 |
表观粘度@-40℃,mPa.s | 10060 | 9968 | 10023 | 9402 | 8350 | ASTM D2983 |
旋转氧弹(150℃),min | 880 | 860 | 875 | 855 | 840 | ASTM D2272 |
铜片腐蚀(121℃,3h) | 1b | 1b | 1b | 2d | 3a | ASTM D130 |
磨斑直径,mm | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.48 | 0.52 | NB/SH/T 0189 |
动摩擦系数 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.117 | 0.124 | SH/T 0762 |
由上表1可知,本发明所制备的传动液具有优异的抗磨损性能和极压性能,且对铜的腐蚀性能,具有优异的高低温性能、热氧化稳定性,能够降低传动过程中的摩擦,节能降耗,同时保证高温和低温条件下的高效能输出。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种电动汽车传动液,其特征在于,以重量份数计,包括:
基础油91-95份、粘度指数改进剂2-4份、功能性添加剂3-5份、消泡剂0.03-0.05份。
2.如权利要求1所述的电动汽车传动液,其特征在于,还包括式1化合物;
其中,Ar1和Ar2相同或不同,各自独立的选自C1-25烃基和式2基团;
其中,M为O或S,R1和R2相同或不同,各自独立的为C1-25烃基;
所述式1化合物的用量为基础油重量的1-3%。
3.如权利要求2所述的电动汽车传动液,其特征在于,所述Ar1和Ar2相同,均为式2基团。
4.如权利要求2所述的电动汽车传动液,其特征在于,式2基团中R1和R2相同或不同,各自独立的为C18-25烷基。
5.如权利要求2所述的电动汽车传动液,其特征在于,所述式1化合物为化合物A或化合物B;
6.如权利要求2所述的电动汽车传动液,其特征在于,所述基础油为4cst基础油、6cst基础油、PAO4基础油、PAO6基础油中的任意一种或多种。
7.如权利要求2所述的电动汽车传动液,其特征在于,所述粘度指数改进剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯型粘度指数改进剂和/或乙丙共聚型黏度指数改进剂。
8.如权利要求2所述的电动汽车传动液,其特征在于,所述功能性添加剂包括极压抗磨剂、抗氧剂、清净剂、分散剂、摩擦改进剂中的任意一种或多种。
9.如权利要求8所述的电动汽车传动液,其特征在于,所述功能性添加剂包括抗氧剂和清净剂,所述抗氧剂和清净剂的重量比为1-5:1-5。
10.一种如权利要求2所述的电动汽车传动液的制备方法,其特征在于,具体如下:
先将基础油加入反应釜,然后加入粘度指数改进剂、功能性添加剂和式1化合物,升温至40-50℃搅拌均匀,再加入消泡剂,高速搅拌10-30min恢复室温即可。
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