CN116606171A - Agricultural waste aerobic composting device - Google Patents
Agricultural waste aerobic composting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116606171A CN116606171A CN202310750952.4A CN202310750952A CN116606171A CN 116606171 A CN116606171 A CN 116606171A CN 202310750952 A CN202310750952 A CN 202310750952A CN 116606171 A CN116606171 A CN 116606171A
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- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 70
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/986—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being liquid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an agricultural waste aerobic composting device which comprises a composting box, wherein an exhaust port is formed in the top of the composting box, an arc-shaped porous filter plate is arranged in the composting box, a material inlet and a material outlet are formed in the side wall of the composting box, a side door for opening and closing the material inlet and the material outlet is arranged on the composting box, a hollow main shaft is rotatably arranged in the composting box, a driving shaft is coaxially rotatably arranged in the hollow main shaft, and a plurality of spiral stirring assemblies are arranged on the hollow main shaft. The compost box adopts a sealing structure, so that the odor of a composting workshop can be reduced, and the good working condition of the composting process is ensured; the spiral stirring assembly can sufficiently stir materials, and the materials can be fully contacted with air discharged from the air vent in the stirring process of the materials, so that the composting fermentation speed is improved, the materials in the hollow stirring shaft can be discharged through the inner-layer spiral blades, the air vent is prevented from being blocked, and the materials are ensured to be normally ventilated; the spiral stirring assembly can also discharge materials out of the compost bin through the feeding and discharging holes, so that the material discharge can be conveniently performed, and the material discharge efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of waste treatment, in particular to an agricultural waste aerobic composting device.
Background
The production of crop straw per year reaches 8 hundred million tons and the production of livestock and poultry manure reaches 30 hundred million tons. Crop straws are crushed to the surface layer of soil in a straw returning mode, which causes loose and hardened surface layer soil and influences the germination and cold resistance of seeds. If the livestock manure is discharged without treatment, the livestock manure not only seriously pollutes the environment, but also is a resource waste.
Aerobic composting is an effective way for recycling agricultural wastes such as straw, livestock manure and the like, and a composting product is a good organic fertilizer. At present, composting modes are coarser, most of the composting modes are directly stacked in a box body, odor and sewage can be generated in the composting process, the temperature and oxygen content in the composting process can also be changed, and the problems of poor composting site working condition, large composting odor, difficult sewage treatment, insufficient contact of materials and oxygen, uncontrollable temperature and the like exist in the existing composting equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide an aerobic composting device for agricultural waste to achieve the purposes of convenient and rapid composting and automatic control of composting.
In order to achieve the aim, the application provides an agricultural waste aerobic composting device, which comprises a composting box, wherein an exhaust port is arranged at the top of the composting box, an arc-shaped porous filter plate is arranged in the composting box, an inner cavity of the composting box is divided into an upper composting chamber and a lower percolate collecting chamber by the arc-shaped porous filter plate, a feeding and discharging port is formed in the side wall of the composting box and above the arc-shaped porous filter plate, a side door for opening and closing the feeding and discharging port is arranged on the composting box, a hollow main shaft is rotatably arranged in the composting box, a driving shaft is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the hollow main shaft, and a plurality of spiral stirring assemblies are arranged on the hollow main shaft; the spiral stirring assembly comprises a U-shaped groove body, a hollow stirring shaft, an outer layer spiral blade, an inner shaft and an inner layer spiral blade, wherein the U-shaped groove body is fixedly arranged on the hollow main shaft, one end of the hollow stirring shaft extends into the hollow main shaft in a sealing way and is rotationally connected with the hollow main shaft, the outer layer spiral blade is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow stirring shaft, the outer layer spiral blade is positioned in the U-shaped groove body and is matched with the U-shaped groove body, a plurality of air vents are formed in the hollow stirring shaft, the inner shaft is coaxially rotationally arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow stirring shaft, the inner layer spiral blade matched with the inner cavity of the hollow stirring shaft is arranged on the outer wall of the inner shaft, the driving shaft is in bidirectional transmission connection with the hollow stirring shaft and is in unidirectional transmission connection with the inner shaft through a transmission mechanism, and the hollow stirring shaft and the inner shaft are in relative motion state when rotating simultaneously; the device also comprises an aeration mechanism, and the hollow main shaft is communicated with the aeration mechanism.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a first driving bevel gear, a first driven bevel gear, a second driving bevel gear, a second driven bevel gear, a one-way clutch and a transmission shaft, wherein the first driven bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the hollow stirring shaft, the first driving bevel gear and the second driving bevel gear are fixedly arranged on the driving shaft, the first driving bevel gear is meshed with the first driven bevel gear, the transmission shaft is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the hollow stirring shaft, the second driven bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft, the second driving bevel gear is meshed with the second driven bevel gear, the transmission shaft is connected with the inner shaft in one-way transmission through the one-way clutch, and the rotation direction of the hollow stirring shaft and the rotation direction of the inner shaft are opposite.
Preferably, the spiral stirring assembly is provided with two groups, the two groups of spiral stirring assemblies are circumferentially arranged at intervals of 180 degrees, the spiral stirring assemblies of each group are all distributed along the axial direction of the hollow main shaft at equal intervals, the two groups of spiral stirring assemblies are distributed in a staggered manner, and the stirring ranges of the two groups of spiral stirring assemblies are provided with overlapping areas.
Preferably, the aeration mechanism comprises an aeration fan, an aeration pipeline and an aeration tank, wherein one end of the aeration pipeline is connected with the output end of the aeration fan, the other end of the aeration pipeline is communicated with the aeration tank, and one end of the hollow main shaft is rotatably and hermetically arranged in the aeration tank.
Preferably, the hollow main shaft is driven to rotate through a first driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism comprises a first driving motor, a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear is arranged at the output end of the first driving motor, the driven gear is arranged on the hollow main shaft, and the driving gear is connected with the driven gear in a meshed manner.
Preferably, the hollow stirring shaft is driven to rotate through a second driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism comprises a second driving motor, a driving belt pulley, a driven belt pulley and a transmission belt, the driving belt pulley is arranged at the output end of the second driving motor, one end of the hollow stirring shaft extends out of the hollow main shaft in a sealing mode and is provided with the driven belt pulley, and the driving belt pulley is connected with the driven belt pulley through the transmission belt in a transmission mode.
Preferably, the side door is hinged on the compost bin through a hinge, a power push rod is also hinged on the compost bin, and the output end of the power push rod is hinged with the side door.
Preferably, an on-line monitoring thermometer is installed in the hollow main shaft, a detection end of the on-line monitoring thermometer extends out of the hollow main shaft, a connecting rod coaxially arranged with the hollow main shaft is fixed in the hollow main shaft, an electric slip ring is installed on the connecting rod, a rotating end of the electric slip ring is connected with the connecting rod, a fixed end of the electric slip ring is fixedly connected with the aeration tank, and the on-line monitoring thermometer is electrically connected with the electric slip ring.
Preferably, a check valve is mounted on the exhaust port.
Preferably, a liquid outlet communicated with the percolate collecting chamber is arranged at one side of the bottom of the compost bin, and a liquid outlet valve is arranged on the liquid outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
the compost box adopts a sealing structure, materials enter and exit from a feed inlet and exit through a side door, odor generated by composting is discharged in a concentrated way through an exhaust port, percolate generated by composting is automatically collected into a percolate collecting chamber, odor in a composting workshop is reduced, and good working conditions in the composting process are ensured;
the outer helical blades are driven to rotate around the hollow main shaft and simultaneously rotate, so that materials at positions far away from the center of the compost box, particularly at the bottom of the compost box, can be continuously pushed to the center of the compost box by the outer helical blades, the materials are fully stirred, the materials can be fully contacted with air discharged from the air vent in the stirring process, the materials are more directly contacted with oxygen, the aeration effect is better, and the materials are more fully combined with the oxygen, so that the composting fermentation speed is improved;
the inner layer helical blade is driven to rotate relative to the hollow stirring shaft, so that the inner layer helical blade conveys materials in the hollow stirring shaft in a direction away from the hollow main shaft, the materials are discharged out of the hollow stirring shaft, the blockage of a vent hole is avoided, and the normal ventilation to the materials is ensured;
after composting, through drive spiral stirring subassembly circulation rotation to feed inlet department, through drive cavity (mixing) shaft reverse rotation, outer helical blade pushes away the material in the U-shaped cell body to the direction of keeping away from compost case center department, and the material in the U-shaped cell body is discharged the compost case through the feed inlet after being released the U-shaped cell body by outer helical blade, can be convenient for carry out the discharge, improves discharge efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is another state diagram (discharging state) of fig. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2A;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a portion of the helical mixing assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a side view of the helical mixing assembly of FIG. 1;
in the figure, 1, a compost bin; 2. an exhaust port; 3. arc porous filter plates; 4. a composting chamber; 5. a percolate collection chamber; 6. a material inlet and a material outlet; 7. a side door; 8. a hollow main shaft; 9. a drive shaft; 10. a spiral stirring assembly; 11. a U-shaped groove body; 12. a hollow stirring shaft; 13. an outer helical blade; 14. an inner shaft; 15. an inner layer helical blade; 16. a vent; 17. a transmission mechanism; 18. an aeration mechanism; 19. a first drive bevel gear; 20. a first driven bevel gear; 21. a second drive bevel gear; 22. a second driven bevel gear; 23. a one-way clutch; 24. a transmission shaft; 25. an aeration fan; 26. an aeration pipe; 27. an aeration box; 28. a first driving motor; 29. a second driving motor; 30. a power push rod; 31. monitoring a thermometer on line; 32. a connecting rod; 33. an electrical slip ring; 34. a non-return valve; 35. and a liquid outlet.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be readily understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The present application may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, whereby the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, an embodiment of the present application provides an aerobic composting device for agricultural waste, which includes a composting box 1, wherein the composting box 1 may be wrapped with a heat insulation material, or may be a double-layer heat insulation structure, and heat loss in the composting process is reduced by heat insulation, so that the composting temperature is ensured, and the composting efficiency is improved. The top of the compost box 1 is provided with an exhaust port 2, an arc-shaped porous filter plate 3 is arranged in the compost box 1, the inner cavity of the compost box 1 is divided into a compost chamber 4 at the upper side and a percolate collecting chamber 5 at the lower layer by the arc-shaped porous filter plate 3, the arc-shaped porous filter plate 3 can bear compost materials, so that the compost materials are in the compost chamber 4, a supporting frame can be additionally arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped porous filter plate 3 for supporting so as to improve the bearing performance of the compost materials, and the percolate collecting chamber 5 can collect percolate generated in the composting process for centralized treatment; a material inlet and outlet port 6 is formed in the side wall of the compost bin 1 and above the arc porous filter plate 3, the material inlet and outlet port 6 is in a strip shape, the length of the material inlet and outlet port 6 is the same as the length of the inner cavity of the compost bin 1, materials in the compost bin 1 can be pushed and discharged fully and laterally, a side door 7 for opening and closing the material inlet and outlet port 6 is arranged on the compost bin 1, when the side door 7 is opened, the material can be fed and discharged through the material inlet and outlet port 6, and when the side door 7 is closed, the side door 7 seals the material inlet and outlet port 6, so that the inside of the compost bin 1 can keep a sealed environment; the composting box 1 is rotatably provided with a hollow main shaft 8, the hollow main shaft 8 is specifically rotatably arranged on the composting box 1 through a sealed bearing, a driving shaft 9 is coaxially rotatably arranged in the hollow main shaft 8, a mounting frame is specifically fixed in the hollow main shaft 8, the driving shaft 9 is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame through a bearing, and a plurality of spiral stirring assemblies 10 are arranged on the hollow main shaft 8; the spiral stirring assembly 10 comprises a U-shaped groove body 11, a hollow stirring shaft 12, an outer layer spiral blade 13, an inner shaft 14 and an inner layer spiral blade 15, wherein the U-shaped groove body 11 is fixedly arranged on a hollow main shaft 8, the section of the shaft section of the hollow main shaft 8 positioned in the compost box 1 is of a hollow square structure, the U-shaped groove body 11 is convenient to fixedly install, one end of the U-shaped groove body 11, which is far away from the hollow main shaft 8, is of an opening structure, so that the material is convenient to discharge to a material inlet and outlet 6, one end of the hollow stirring shaft 12 extends into the hollow main shaft 8 in a sealing way and is rotationally connected with the hollow main shaft 8, in particular, one end of the hollow stirring shaft 12 is rotationally arranged in the hollow main shaft 8 through a sealing bearing, the outer layer spiral blade 13 is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow stirring shaft 12, the outer helical blade 13 is positioned in the U-shaped groove 11 and is matched with the U-shaped groove 11, a plurality of air vents 16 are formed in the hollow stirring shaft 12, the inner shaft 14 is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow stirring shaft 12, the inner helical blade 15 matched with the inner cavity of the hollow stirring shaft 12 is arranged on the outer wall of the inner shaft 14, the driving shaft 9 is in bidirectional transmission connection with the hollow stirring shaft 12 through a transmission mechanism 17 and is in unidirectional transmission connection with the inner shaft 14, and the inner helical blade 15 can rotate relative to the hollow stirring shaft 12 when the hollow stirring shaft 12 and the inner shaft 14 simultaneously rotate, so that materials entering the hollow stirring shaft 12 are conveyed, the materials in the hollow stirring shaft 12 are discharged out of the hollow stirring shaft 12, and the air vents 16 are prevented from being blocked; also comprises an aeration mechanism 18, and the hollow main shaft 8 is communicated with the aeration mechanism 18.
In the embodiment, agricultural wastes such as crop straws and livestock manure are added into the compost bin 1 by opening the side door 7, and after the side door 7 is closed, the compost bin 1 is sealed, and odor can be discharged from the exhaust port 2; intermittently blowing air to the hollow main shaft 8 through the aeration mechanism 18, and aerating materials through the hollow main shaft 8, the hollow stirring shaft 12 and the air vent 16; the hollow main shaft 8 is driven to slowly rotate along the first direction, so that the spiral stirring assembly 10 is driven to rotate, and materials at different positions are stirred; the driving shaft 9 is driven to rotate rapidly along the first direction, the hollow stirring shaft 12 is driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism 17, the outer helical blades 13 push materials in the U-shaped groove 11 to the center of the compost bin 1, namely the hollow main shaft 8, so that materials far away from the center of the compost bin 1, particularly the bottom of the compost bin 1, can be continuously pushed to the center of the compost bin 1 by the outer helical blades 13, the materials are fully stirred, the materials can be fully contacted with air discharged by the air vent 16 in the stirring process of the materials, the materials are more directly contacted with oxygen, and the aeration effect is better; the hollow main shaft 8 and the driving shaft 9 are intermittently rotated and synchronously operated with the aeration mechanism 18, so that the oxygen demand of materials in the composting process can be ensured, and the heat loss can be reduced, thereby realizing rapid composting;
in the process of stirring materials, the materials possibly enter the air vent 16 to block the hollow stirring shaft 12, so when the driving shaft 9 rotates along the first direction, the transmission mechanism 17 also drives the inner shaft 14 to rotate, the inner layer helical blades 15 rotate relative to the hollow stirring shaft 12, so that the materials entering the hollow stirring shaft 12 are conveyed, the materials in the hollow stirring shaft 12 are conveyed in a direction away from the hollow main shaft 8, and the hollow stirring shaft 12 is discharged, so that the blocking of the air vent 16 is avoided;
when the temperature of the pile body is above 50 ℃ and lasts for 10 days, after the composting process is finished, as shown in fig. 2, the side door 7 can be opened, and a part of the spiral stirring assemblies 10 which are in the same row are driven to rotate to a horizontal posture by driving the hollow main shaft 8 to slowly rotate for a certain angle along a first direction, the U-shaped groove bodies 11 of the part of the spiral stirring assemblies 10 are upward at the moment, one ends of the U-shaped groove bodies 11, which are far away from the hollow main shaft 8, face the feeding and discharging holes 6, and at the moment, the hollow main shaft 8 is stopped from being driven to rotate, so that the part of the spiral stirring assemblies 10 keep the horizontal posture, and the discharging is facilitated; then the driving shaft 9 is driven to rotate for preset time along a second direction opposite to the first direction, the transmission mechanism 17 drives the hollow stirring shaft 12 to reversely rotate, the outer layer spiral blades 13 push the materials in the U-shaped groove body 11 to a direction away from the center of the compost bin 1, and the materials in the U-shaped groove body 11 are pushed out of the U-shaped groove body 11 by the outer layer spiral blades 13 and then are discharged out of the compost bin 1 through the feeding and discharging holes 6; the hollow main shaft 8 is then driven to rotate a preset angle in a first direction, so that the next spiral stirring assembly 10 rotates to the position of the feeding and discharging port 6, discharging is performed again, and the circulation is performed until the materials in the compost bin 1 are emptied.
It is noted that the driving shaft 9 is in unidirectional transmission connection with the inner shaft 14 of the hollow stirring shaft 12 through the transmission mechanism 17, and when the driving shaft 9 rotates along the second direction, the inner shaft 14 is not driven to rotate, so that the inner layer helical blades 15 are prevented from pushing the material in the hollow stirring shaft 12 to the direction of the hollow main shaft 8.
In a specific embodiment, in order to realize bidirectional transmission connection between the driving shaft 9 and the hollow stirring shaft 12 and unidirectional transmission connection between the driving shaft 9 and the inner shaft 14, the transmission mechanism 17 comprises a first driving bevel gear 19, a first driven bevel gear 20, a second driving bevel gear 21, a second driven bevel gear 22, a unidirectional clutch 23 and a transmission shaft 24, wherein the first driven bevel gear 20 is fixedly installed on the hollow stirring shaft 12, the first driving bevel gear 19 and the second driving bevel gear 21 are fixedly installed on the driving shaft 9, the first driving bevel gear 19 is in meshed connection with the first driven bevel gear 20, the transmission shaft 24 is coaxially and rotatably installed in the hollow stirring shaft 12, in particular, a mounting frame is fixedly installed in the hollow stirring shaft 12, the transmission shaft 24 is rotatably installed on the mounting frame through a bearing, the second driven bevel gear 22 is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft 24, the second driving bevel gear 21 is in meshed connection with the second driven bevel gear 22, the transmission shaft 24 is in unidirectional transmission connection with the inner shaft 14 through the unidirectional clutch 23, and the hollow stirring shaft 12 is opposite to the rotation direction of the inner shaft 14.
In this embodiment, when the driving shaft 9 rotates along the first direction, the driving shaft 9 drives the first driving bevel gear 19 and the second driving bevel gear 21 to rotate, the first driving bevel gear 19 drives the first driven bevel gear 20 and the hollow stirring shaft 12 to rotate, and the outer layer helical blades 13 rotate to stir the materials; the second driving bevel gear 21 drives the second driven bevel gear 22 and the transmission shaft 24 to rotate, and the rotation directions of the hollow stirring shaft 12 and the transmission shaft 24 are opposite, so that the inner layer spiral blades 15 can rotate at a high speed relative to the hollow stirring shaft 12, materials entering the hollow stirring shaft 12 can be quickly pushed out, blocking is avoided, and the aeration of the air vent 16 to the materials is affected. When the driving shaft 9 rotates along the second direction, the hollow stirring shaft 12 synchronously rotates, the outer helical blade 13 discharges materials, and the driving shaft 24 can not drive the inner shaft 14 to rotate due to the one-way clutch 23, so that when the outer helical blade 13 discharges materials, the inner helical blade 15 can rotate at a high speed relative to the hollow stirring shaft 12, the materials entering the hollow stirring shaft 12 can be rapidly pushed out, blocking is avoided, and the air vent 16 is influenced to aerate the materials.
In a specific embodiment, for increasing the stirring effect, two sets of spiral stirring assemblies 10 are arranged, the two sets of spiral stirring assemblies 10 are circumferentially arranged at intervals of 180 degrees, the spiral stirring assemblies 10 of each set are all equidistantly arranged along the axis direction of the hollow main shaft 8, the two sets of spiral stirring assemblies 10 are staggered, namely, one set of spiral stirring assemblies 10 are located at the gap of the initial position where the other set of spiral stirring assemblies 10 are located after rotating 180 degrees, and the stirring ranges of the two sets of spiral stirring assemblies 10 have overlapping areas.
In this embodiment, two sets of spiral stirring assemblies 10 are provided, and the stirring ranges of the two sets of spiral stirring assemblies 10 have overlapping areas, so that materials at the positions where one set of spiral stirring assemblies 10 cannot stir, namely, adjacent gaps of the sets of spiral stirring assemblies 10, can be stirred by the other set of spiral stirring assemblies 10, stirring dead angles can be reduced, sufficient stirring of the materials can be realized, and the materials can be discharged sufficiently during discharging; during discharging, the hollow main shaft 8 is intermittently driven to rotate 180 degrees, so that the two groups of spiral stirring assemblies 10 alternately rotate to the position of the feeding and discharging port 6 for discharging.
In a specific embodiment, to supply air to the rotating hollow main shaft 8, the aeration mechanism 18 comprises an aeration fan 25, an aeration pipeline 26 and an aeration tank 27, wherein one end of the aeration pipeline 26 is connected with the output end of the aeration fan 25, the other end of the aeration pipeline is communicated with the aeration tank 27, one end of the hollow main shaft 8 is rotatably and hermetically installed in the aeration tank 27, and the specific hollow main shaft 8 can be rotatably installed in the aeration tank 27 through a sealing bearing to realize rotary and hermetic connection with the aeration tank 27. The aeration fan 25 supplies air to the aeration tank 27 through the aeration pipe 26, and the pressurized air in the aeration tank 27 directly enters the hollow main shaft 8.
In a specific embodiment, in order to facilitate the driving of the hollow spindle 8 to rotate at a preset angle at a low speed and accurately, the hollow spindle 8 is provided to rotate by a first driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism includes a first driving motor 28, a driving gear and a driven gear, the first driving motor 28 is a servo motor, or a stepping motor with a worm gear reducer, the position of the first driving motor 28 is fixed to the compost bin 1, the first driving motor 28 may be mounted on the top of the aeration bin 27 or on a frame fixedly connected to the compost bin 1, the driving gear is mounted at the output end of the first driving motor 28, the driven gear is mounted on the hollow spindle 8, and the driving gear is engaged with the driven gear. The first driving motor 28 drives the driven gear and the hollow main shaft 8 to rotate sequentially through the driving gear.
In a specific embodiment, in order to facilitate driving the hollow stirring shaft 12 to rotate, the hollow stirring shaft 12 is arranged to drive to rotate through a second driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism comprises a second driving motor 29, a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a transmission belt, the second driving motor 29 can be a variable frequency motor, the stirring speed of the outer layer spiral blade 13 can be adjusted, the second driving motor 29 can be fixedly connected with the compost box 1, the driving pulley is arranged at the output end of the second driving motor 29, one end of the hollow stirring shaft 12 is hermetically extended out of the hollow main shaft 8 and is provided with the driven pulley, one end of the specific hollow stirring shaft 12 is connected with the hollow main shaft 8 through a sealing bearing, the sealing transmission connection is realized, and the air blown in by the aeration mechanism 18 is prevented from escaping from the position of the hollow stirring shaft 12 penetrating out of the hollow main shaft 8 through the transmission belt. The second driving motor 29 drives the driven pulley and the hollow stirring shaft 12 to rotate through the driving pulley and the driving belt.
In a specific embodiment, in order to facilitate opening and closing the side door 7, the side door 7 is hinged on the compost bin 1 through a hinge, a power push rod 30 is further hinged on the compost bin 1, and the output end of the power push rod 30 is hinged with the side door 7. The power push rod 30 is an electric push rod, or a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, the number of the power push rods 30 is two, the two power push rods 30 work synchronously, when the telescopic ends of the power push rods 30 extend, the side door 7 is driven to downwards rotate to close the material inlet and outlet 6, and otherwise, when the telescopic ends of the power push rods 30 shrink, the side door 7 is driven to upwards rotate to open the material inlet and outlet 6.
In a specific embodiment, in order to detect the compost temperature conveniently, an on-line monitoring thermometer 31 is installed in the hollow main shaft 8, the detection end of the on-line monitoring thermometer 31 extends out of the hollow main shaft 8, a connecting rod 32 coaxially arranged with the hollow main shaft 8 is fixed in the hollow main shaft 8, an electric slip ring 33 is installed on the connecting rod 32, the rotating end of the electric slip ring 33 is connected with the connecting rod 32, the fixed end of the electric slip ring 33 is fixedly connected with the aeration tank 27, and the on-line monitoring thermometer 31 is electrically connected with the electric slip ring 33. The detection end of the online monitoring thermometer 31 is positioned at the outer side of the hollow main shaft 8, so that the composting temperature can be directly detected, the online monitoring thermometer 31 is electrically connected with the electric slip ring 33 through a wire, and the electric slip ring 33 is connected with an external industrial personal computer through a wire, so that composting temperature data can be conveniently obtained; through setting up connecting rod 32 for the rotation end and the online monitoring thermometer 31 of electric slip ring 33 can keep relatively static when cavity main shaft 8 rotates, avoid the wire winding disorder.
In one embodiment, the exhaust port 2 is provided with a non-return valve 34. The check valve 34 can keep the compost bin 1 airtight, and the odor in the compost bin 1 can be discharged from the exhaust port 2 at the top of the compost bin through the check valve 34 and collected and treated.
In a specific embodiment, a liquid outlet 35 communicated with the percolate collecting chamber 5 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the compost bin 1, and a liquid outlet valve is arranged on the liquid outlet 35. The percolate collecting chamber 5 can collect percolate generated in the composting process, and the drain valve is opened to drain the percolate collected in the percolate collecting chamber 5 through the drain port 35.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise. When the first direction is clockwise, the second direction is counterclockwise; conversely, when the "second direction" is clockwise, the "first direction" is counterclockwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an agricultural waste aerobic composting device, including compost case (1), its characterized in that, compost case (1) top is equipped with gas vent (2), install arc porous filter plate (3) in compost case (1), arc porous filter plate (3) divide into compost room (4) and lower floor's percolate collecting chamber (5) of compost case (1) inner chamber, feed and discharge gate (6) have been seted up on compost case (1) lateral wall and are located arc porous filter plate (3) top, install side door (7) that are used for opening and close feed and discharge gate (6) on compost case (1), hollow main shaft (8) are installed in compost case (1) rotation, drive shaft (9) are installed to coaxial rotation in hollow main shaft (8), install a plurality of spiral stirring subassembly (10) on hollow main shaft (8); the spiral stirring assembly (10) comprises a U-shaped groove body (11), a hollow stirring shaft (12), an outer layer spiral blade (13), an inner shaft (14) and an inner layer spiral blade (15), wherein the U-shaped groove body (11) is fixedly arranged on a hollow main shaft (8), one end of the hollow stirring shaft (12) extends into the hollow main shaft (8) in a sealing mode and is rotationally connected with the hollow main shaft (8), the outer layer spiral blade (13) is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow stirring shaft (12), the outer layer spiral blade (13) is positioned in the U-shaped groove body (11) and is matched with the U-shaped groove body (11), a plurality of air vents (16) are formed in the hollow stirring shaft (12), the inner shaft (14) is coaxially and rotationally arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow stirring shaft (12), the inner layer spiral blade (15) matched with the inner cavity of the hollow stirring shaft (12) is arranged on the outer wall of the inner shaft (14), the driving shaft (9) is in bidirectional transmission connection with the hollow stirring shaft (12) through a transmission mechanism (17) and is in unidirectional transmission connection with the inner shaft (14), and the relative motion state is achieved when the hollow stirring shaft (12) and the inner shaft (14) rotate simultaneously. The device also comprises an aeration mechanism (18), and the hollow main shaft (8) is communicated with the aeration mechanism (18).
2. The agricultural waste aerobic composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism (17) comprises a first drive bevel gear (19), a first driven bevel gear (20), a second drive bevel gear (21), a second driven bevel gear (22), a one-way clutch (23) and a transmission shaft (24), the first drive bevel gear (20) is fixedly mounted on the hollow stirring shaft (12), the first drive bevel gear (19) and the second drive bevel gear (21) are fixedly mounted on the driving shaft (9), the first drive bevel gear (19) is in meshed connection with the first drive bevel gear (20), the transmission shaft (24) is coaxially rotatably mounted in the hollow stirring shaft (12), the second driven bevel gear (22) is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft (24), the second drive bevel gear (21) is in meshed connection with the second driven bevel gear (22), the transmission shaft (24) is in one-way transmission connection with the inner shaft (14) through the one-way clutch (23), and the hollow stirring shaft (12) is opposite to the rotation direction of the inner shaft (14).
3. The agricultural waste aerobic composting device according to claim 1, wherein the spiral stirring assemblies (10) are arranged in two groups, the two groups of spiral stirring assemblies (10) are circumferentially arranged at 180 degrees, the spiral stirring assemblies (10) of each group are equidistantly arranged along the axial direction of the hollow main shaft (8), the two groups of spiral stirring assemblies (10) are staggered, and the stirring ranges of the two groups of spiral stirring assemblies (10) have overlapping areas.
4. The agricultural waste aerobic composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aeration mechanism (18) comprises an aeration fan (25), an aeration pipe (26) and an aeration tank (27), one end of the aeration pipe (26) is connected with the output end of the aeration fan (25) and the other end is communicated with the aeration tank (27), and one end of the hollow main shaft (8) is rotatably and hermetically arranged in the aeration tank (27).
5. The agricultural waste aerobic composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hollow main shaft (8) is driven to rotate by a first driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism comprises a first driving motor (28), a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear is installed at the output end of the first driving motor (28), the driven gear is installed on the hollow main shaft (8), and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear.
6. The agricultural waste aerobic composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hollow stirring shaft (12) is driven to rotate by a second driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism comprises a second driving motor (29), a driving belt pulley, a driven belt pulley and a transmission belt, the driving belt pulley is installed at the output end of the second driving motor (29), one end of the hollow stirring shaft (12) is sealed to extend out of the hollow main shaft (8) and is provided with the driven belt pulley, and the driving belt pulley is connected with the driven belt pulley by the transmission belt.
7. The agricultural waste aerobic composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side door (7) is hinged on the composting box (1) by a hinge, a power push rod (30) is hinged on the composting box (1), and the output end of the power push rod (30) is hinged with the side door (7).
8. The agricultural waste aerobic composting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein an on-line monitoring thermometer (31) is installed in the hollow main shaft (8), a detection end of the on-line monitoring thermometer (31) extends out of the hollow main shaft (8), a connecting rod (32) coaxially arranged with the hollow main shaft (8) is fixed in the hollow main shaft (8), an electric slip ring (33) is installed on the connecting rod (32), a rotating end of the electric slip ring (33) is connected with the connecting rod (32), a fixed end of the electric slip ring (33) is fixedly connected with the aeration tank (27), and the on-line monitoring thermometer (31) is electrically connected with the electric slip ring (33).
9. The agricultural waste aerobic composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a check valve (34) is mounted on the exhaust port (2).
10. The agricultural waste aerobic composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a liquid discharge port (35) communicated with the percolate collecting chamber (5) is arranged at one side of the bottom of the composting box (1), and a liquid discharge valve is arranged on the liquid discharge port (35).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310750952.4A CN116606171A (en) | 2023-06-25 | 2023-06-25 | Agricultural waste aerobic composting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310750952.4A CN116606171A (en) | 2023-06-25 | 2023-06-25 | Agricultural waste aerobic composting device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116606171A true CN116606171A (en) | 2023-08-18 |
Family
ID=87683728
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310750952.4A Withdrawn CN116606171A (en) | 2023-06-25 | 2023-06-25 | Agricultural waste aerobic composting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116606171A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117002974A (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-11-07 | 常州市福欧车辆配件有限公司 | Stirring and distributing machine for automobile felt production line and distributing method thereof |
| CN118439892A (en) * | 2024-07-08 | 2024-08-06 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Device for fixing carbon and nitrogen elements in agriculture and forestry waste composting process by utilizing biochar |
-
2023
- 2023-06-25 CN CN202310750952.4A patent/CN116606171A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117002974A (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-11-07 | 常州市福欧车辆配件有限公司 | Stirring and distributing machine for automobile felt production line and distributing method thereof |
| CN117002974B (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2024-02-23 | 常州市福欧车辆配件有限公司 | Stirring and distributing machine for automobile felt production line and distributing method thereof |
| CN118439892A (en) * | 2024-07-08 | 2024-08-06 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Device for fixing carbon and nitrogen elements in agriculture and forestry waste composting process by utilizing biochar |
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Application publication date: 20230818 |