CN116589861A - 水凝胶及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
水凝胶及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116589861A CN116589861A CN202211629610.9A CN202211629610A CN116589861A CN 116589861 A CN116589861 A CN 116589861A CN 202211629610 A CN202211629610 A CN 202211629610A CN 116589861 A CN116589861 A CN 116589861A
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- Prior art keywords
- solution
- modified
- epsilon
- polylysine
- gelatin
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Abstract
本发明属于功能材料技术领域,具体涉及一种水凝胶及其制备方法和应用。本发明选用ε‑聚赖氨酸接枝邻苯二酚基团得到改性ε‑聚赖氨酸,ε‑聚赖氨酸提供抗菌性,邻苯二酚有良好的湿组织粘附性;选用明胶接枝苯硼酸基团,得到改性明胶,改性明胶能够支持细胞生长,具备良好的生物相容性;选用红花多糖制成微球,以实现药效缓慢释放,促进血管再生;将以上三种成分按照比例复配形成水凝胶,得到的水凝胶具有自愈合性、可注射性,能够实现适应创面形状和持续性运动的目的,而且具有很好的抗菌性和缓释性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能材料技术领域,具体涉及一种水凝胶及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
压力性损伤(Pressure Injury,PI),又称压疮,是一个世界级的卫生保健问题,每年影响人数达数千人。随着国内外护理水平不断提升,近年来对压力性损伤重视度增加,故发病率有所下降,但仍居高位。
压力性损伤是由于身体局部,在长时间压力和剪切力的作用下,皮肤及皮下软组织受到压迫导致的局部微环境损伤、血液灌注不良、活动能力受限等影响而造成的局部损伤。压力性损伤发生后,创面的处理是治疗的关键。若处理不善易导致患者感染风险增加,尤其是昏迷、瘫痪等需长期卧床的患者,易加重其原发疾病,导致不良预后,降低患者的生活质量,给患者带来极大的痛苦,严重者甚至可危及生命。故护理压力性损伤创面、降低创面感染率、促进创面愈合是一个亟待解决的问题。
敷料作为辅助护理用品,能够在一定程度上保护压力性损伤创面。传统护理压力性损伤多采用无菌纱布、凡士林油纱为敷料,其价格低廉,但人工成本较高。近年来市面上推出了多款用于压力性损伤的新型敷料,主要有藻酸盐敷料、水胶体敷料、泡沫敷料、水凝胶敷料,有些敷料还联合了其他活性成分。不含活性成分的敷料无法支持伤口愈合,也无法提供抗菌环境;而现有的新型敷料活性成分复杂、材料昂贵导致成本较高,并且亲水性差、活性成分降解快导致换药周期短(24-48h)。因此,有必要研制一种敷料,以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的,在于提供一种水凝胶,本发明的第二个目的,在于提供该水凝胶的制备方法,本发明的第三个目的,在于提供该水凝胶的应用。
根据本发明的第一个方面,提供了一种水凝胶,按重量份数计,其原料组成包括:改性明胶5-15份,改性ε-聚赖氨酸2-4份,红花多糖微球0-7份,溶剂100份;
改性明胶主要通过明胶接枝苯硼酸基团得到;
改性ε-聚赖氨酸主要通过ε-聚赖氨酸接枝邻苯二酚基团得到。
在一些实施方式中,改性明胶的制备方法包括如下步骤:
将明胶溶解于水中,得到明胶溶液;将3-氨基苯硼酸、1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺溶解于由水和二甲基亚砜组成的溶液中,得到混合液,然后将混合液加入明胶溶液中,室温下搅拌反应1-4天,得到反应液,然后将反应液离心,取上清液进行纯化,得到改性明胶。
在一些实施方式中,改性ε-聚赖氨酸的制备方法包括如下步骤:
将ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶于水中,得到ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液;将3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶于水中,得到3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液;将1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺溶于水中,得到EDC-NHS溶液;然后将3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液、EDC-NHS溶液分别加入ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液中,搅拌均匀,得到反应液,调节反应液pH至4.5-5.5,保护气体保护下避光搅拌反应20-24小时,反应结束后对反应产物进行纯化,得到改性ε-聚赖氨酸。
在一些实施方式中,红花多糖微球的制备方法包括如下步骤:
将红花多糖溶于水中,得到红花多糖溶液;然后将甲基丙烯酸酐加入红花多糖溶液中,0-4℃冰浴搅拌20-24h,得到反应液,然后将反应液pH调节至8-10,再将反应液用水透析3-5天,透析袋截留分子量为800-1000kDa,将透析产物冻干,得到改性红花多糖;
将轻质液体石蜡与吐温80混合均匀,得到石蜡-吐温溶液;配制0.1%-0.2%蓝光引发剂溶液,随后加入改性明胶和改性红花多糖,搅拌至完全溶解,得到改性明胶-改性红花多糖溶液;用紫外线灯照射石蜡-吐温溶液并搅拌,然后向石蜡-吐温溶液内加入改性明胶-改性红花多糖溶液,形成水凝胶微球后进行离心,倒掉上层溶液仅保留微球,然后将微球进行清洗,得到红花多糖微球。
在一些实施方式中,溶剂为磷酸盐缓冲液,磷酸盐缓冲液由Na2HPO4、KH2PO4、NaCl和KCl配制而成,pH为7.4。
在一些实施方式中,改性明胶的制备方法包括如下步骤:
以重量份数计,将1.0-2.0份明胶溶解于50-100份水中,在45-50℃下搅拌至完全溶解得到明胶溶液;将1.0-2.0份3-氨基苯硼酸、1.0-2.0份1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐和0.5-1.0份N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺溶于10-20份由水和二甲基亚砜按照体积比1:1组成的溶液中,完全溶解后得到混合液,然后将混合液加入明胶溶液中,室温下搅拌反应1-4天,得到反应液,然后将反应液离心,取上清液进行纯化,得到改性明胶。
在一些实施方式中,改性ε-聚赖氨酸的制备方法包括如下步骤:
以重量份数计,将1.0-2.0份ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶于50-100份水中,得到ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液;将1.0-2.0份3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶于10-30份水中,得到3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液;将5-10份1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐和0.5-2份N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺溶于10-20份水中,得到EDC-NHS溶液;然后将3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液、EDC-NHS溶液分别加入ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液中,搅拌均匀,得到反应液,调节反应液pH至4.5-5.5,保护气体保护下避光搅拌反应20-24小时,反应结束后对反应产物进行纯化,得到改性ε-聚赖氨酸。
在一些实施方式中,用1M稀盐酸溶液调节反应液pH至4.5-5.5。
在一些实施方式中,保护气体为氮气。
在一些实施方式中,红花多糖微球的制备方法包括如下步骤:
以重量份数计,将0.5-1.0份红花多糖溶于50-100份水中,得到红花多糖溶液,然后将0.5-1.0份甲基丙烯酸酐加入红花多糖溶液中,0-4℃冰浴搅拌20-24h,得到反应液,然后将反应液pH调节至8-10,再将反应液用水透析3-5天,透析袋截留分子量为800-1000kDa,将透析产物冻干,得到改性红花多糖;
以重量份数计,将50-80份轻质液体石蜡与1-5份吐温80混合,搅拌均匀,得到石蜡-吐温溶液;配制0.5-2份0.1%-0.2%蓝光引发剂溶液,超声使粉末完全溶解,随后加入0.1-10份改性明胶和0.04-1份改性红花多糖,超声至完全溶解,得到改性明胶-改性红花多糖溶液;用紫外线灯照射石蜡-吐温溶液并搅拌,然后向石蜡-吐温溶液内加入改性明胶-改性红花多糖溶液,形成水凝胶微球后进行离心,倒掉上层溶液仅保留微球,然后将微球进行清洗,得到红花多糖微球。
在一些实施方式中,用0.1M盐酸或0.5M NaOH溶液将反应液pH调节至8-10。
在一些实施方式中,蓝光引发剂溶液的溶质是苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)磷酸锂,溶剂是水。
在一些实施方式中,将微球依次用石油醚、乙醇、去离子水清洗。
根据本发明的第二个方面,提供了上述的水凝胶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将改性明胶和改性ε-聚赖氨酸分别用溶剂溶解,得到改性明胶溶液和改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液,随后将红花多糖微球分散于改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液中,再与改性明胶溶液混合,即得。
在一些实施方式中,改性明胶溶液的浓度为20%-30%,改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液的浓度为4%-8%,红花多糖微球与改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液的料液比为(0.3-0.7):5,改性明胶溶液和改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液混合的体积比为1:1。这里所称的料液比是指红花多糖微球的质量与改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液的体积之比。当红花多糖微球的质量的单位为g时,改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液的体积的单位为mL。
根据本发明的第三个方面,提供了上述的水凝胶在制备用于压力性损伤创面的敷料中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明有益效果包括:
(1)本发明选用ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PL)接枝邻苯二酚基团得到改性ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PL-Cat),ε-PL提供抗菌性,邻苯二酚有良好的湿组织粘附性;选用明胶接枝苯硼酸基团,得到改性明胶(Gelatin-PBA),Gelatin-PBA能够支持细胞生长,具备良好的生物相容性;选用红花多糖制成微球,以实现药效缓慢释放,促进血管再生;将以上三种成分按照比例复配形成水凝胶,该水凝胶由改性ε-聚赖氨酸中的邻苯二酚基团和改性明胶中的苯硼酸基团之间形成的硼酸酯键交联形成,硼酸酯键具有酸响应性,炎症积累导致创面pH值降低时可加速红花多糖微球从水凝胶内释放,且其交联形成的水凝胶,具有自愈合性、可注射性等,能够实现适应创面形状和持续性运动的目的。
(2)本发明的水凝胶成分选用ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PL),ε-PL是一种天然抗菌肽,不受pH值影响、热稳定型好(120℃,20min)、抑菌谱广、安全性高(急性口服毒性5g/kg)、成本低廉,能够提供良好的抗菌性。
(3)本发明采用中药红花(拉丁学名:Carthamus tinctorius L.)的提取物红花多糖,利用了红花多糖抗氧化、免疫调节的活性作用,本发明先对红花多糖进行改性,使其接枝甲基丙烯基基团,然后将改性红花多糖制成微球,使其均匀分布于水凝胶中,实现药效缓慢释放的目的。
附图说明
图1为明胶、ε-聚赖氨酸和红花多糖改性前后的核磁共振氢谱图,其中,(A)明胶和改性明胶的核磁共振氢谱,(B)ε-聚赖氨酸和改性ε-聚赖氨酸的核磁共振氢谱,(C)红花多糖和改性红花多糖的核磁共振氢谱。
图2从左到右分别为改性明胶和改性ε-聚赖氨酸形成的水凝胶的小管倒置图像,水凝胶的模量时间扫描曲线图。
图3为水凝胶的自愈合性能测试的实验过程示意图。
图4为红花多糖微球在光镜下拍摄的图像。
图5为水凝胶对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抗菌作用结果,其中,(A)大肠杆菌与水凝胶共培养后的琼脂平板图像,(B)大肠杆菌琼脂平板菌落计数统计图,(C)金黄色葡萄球菌与水凝胶共培养后的琼脂平板图像,(D)金黄色葡萄球菌琼脂平板菌落计数统计图。
图6为压力性损伤创面经过14天治疗后的创面图像。
图7为压力性损伤创面经过水凝胶治疗后创面、瘢痕面积和细菌数量统计图,其中,(A)伤口面积随时间的变化图,(B)瘢痕面积统计图,(C)伤口面积比例变化图,(D)创面组织内细菌数量统计图。
图8为创面组织匀浆后稀释涂布琼脂平板的图像。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明,值得说明的是,以下实施例只是为了更好地解释本发明的内容,并不对本发明保护的范围做限制。实施例中未公开的工艺步骤为现有技术。若无特殊说明,以下原料均为市购。
以下实施例中,所用红花多糖为市场购买,厂家:慈缘生物技术有限公司;纯度:≥95%。
所用磷酸盐缓冲液的配制方法为:
先在容器中准备800mL蒸馏水,然后向蒸馏水中依次加入8gNaCl、200mg KCl、1.44g Na2HPO4、240mg KH2PO4,将溶液pH调节至7.4,然后加入蒸馏水直至溶液体积为1L。
实施例1
本实施例的水凝胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)改性明胶(Gelatin-PBA)的制备:
将2.0g明胶溶解于50mL去离子水中,在45℃下搅拌至完全溶解得到明胶溶液;然后将1.0g 3-氨基苯硼酸、1g 1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和0.5gN-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)溶于20mL由水和二甲基亚砜按照体积比1:1组成的溶液中,完全溶解后得到混合液,然后将混合液逐滴加入明胶溶液中,室温下搅拌反应3天,得到反应液,然后将反应液离心,取上清液进行纯化,即得。
(2)改性ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PL-Cat)的制备:
将2.0gε-聚赖氨酸盐溶于50mL去离子水并转移至250mL圆底烧瓶中,得到ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液;将1.71g 3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶于20mL去离子水中,得到3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液;将8.97g 1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和1.07g N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)溶于20mL去离子水中,得到EDC-NHS溶液;然后将3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液、EDC-NHS溶液分别加入ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液中并搅拌均匀,得到反应液;用1M稀盐酸溶液调节反应液pH至5.5,随后对圆底烧瓶中液体除氧,氮气保护,避光搅拌反应24小时,反应结束后对反应产物进行纯化,即得。
(3)水凝胶的制备:
将改性明胶和改性ε-聚赖氨酸分别用pH=7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液溶解得到浓度为20%的改性明胶溶液(即改性明胶的质量与磷酸盐缓冲液的体积之比为20%)和浓度为4%的改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液(即改性ε-聚赖氨酸的质量与磷酸盐缓冲液的体积之比为4%),然后将改性明胶溶液和改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液以体积比1:1混合,即得水凝胶(GPL)。
实施例2
本实施例的水凝胶的制备方法与实施例1的基本相同,区别在于,步骤(3)中,改性明胶溶液的浓度为30%。
实施例3
本实施例的负载红花多糖的水凝胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)改性明胶(Gelatin-PBA)的制备:
将2.0g明胶溶解于50mL去离子水中,在45℃下搅拌至完全溶解得到明胶溶液;然后将1.0g 3-氨基苯硼酸、1g 1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和0.5gN-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)溶于20mL由水和二甲基亚砜按照体积比1:1组成的溶液中,完全溶解后得到混合液,然后将混合液逐滴加入明胶溶液中,室温下搅拌反应3天,得到反应液,然后将反应液离心,取上清液进行纯化,即得。
(2)改性ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PL-Cat)的制备:
将2.0gε-聚赖氨酸盐溶于50mL去离子水并转移至250mL圆底烧瓶中,得到ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液;将1.71g 3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶于20mL去离子水中,得到3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液;将8.97g 1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和1.07g N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)溶于20mL去离子水中,得到EDC-NHS溶液;然后将3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液、EDC-NHS溶液分别加入ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液中并搅拌均匀,得到反应液;用1M稀盐酸溶液调节反应液pH至5.5,随后对圆底烧瓶中液体除氧,氮气保护,避光搅拌反应24小时,反应结束后对反应产物进行纯化,即得。
(3)红花多糖微球(CTLP-MPs)的制备:
称取0.5g红花多糖,转移至100mL圆底烧瓶中,磁力搅拌使其溶于50mL去离子水中,得到红花多糖溶液;然后将0.5mL甲基丙烯酸酐加入红花多糖溶液中,0℃冰浴搅拌24h,然后用0.5M NaOH溶液将反应液pH调节至9.0左右;再将反应液用去离子水透析3天,透析袋截留分子量为1000kDa,将透析产物冻干,得到改性红花多糖。
将72mL轻质液体石蜡与3mL吐温80混合,搅拌均匀,得到石蜡-吐温溶液;配制1mL0.2%蓝光引发剂苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)磷酸锂的水溶液,超声使粉末完全溶解,随后加入0.1g改性明胶和0.04g改性红花多糖,超声至完全溶解,得到改性明胶-改性红花多糖溶液;用紫外线灯照射石蜡-吐温溶液,100rpm磁力搅拌,然后向石蜡-吐温溶液内逐滴、缓慢滴加改性明胶-改性红花多糖溶液,形成水凝胶微球后以500rpm的转速离心,倒掉上层溶液仅保留微球,然后将微球依次用石油醚、乙醇、去离子水进行清洗,即得,干燥保存。
(4)负载红花多糖的水凝胶(GPL/CTLP-MPs)的制备:
将改性明胶和改性ε-聚赖氨酸分别用pH=7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液溶解得到浓度为20%的改性明胶溶液(即改性明胶的质量与磷酸盐缓冲液的体积之比为20%)和浓度为4%的改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液(即改性ε-聚赖氨酸的质量与磷酸盐缓冲液的体积之比为4%),然后将0.07g红花多糖微球分散于0.5mL改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液中,再与改性明胶溶液以体积比1:1混合,制成负载红花多糖的水凝胶(GPL/CTLP-MPs)。
对比例1
本对比例的水凝胶的制备方法与实施例1的基本相同,区别在于,步骤(3)中,改性明胶溶液的浓度为10%。
对比例2
本对比例为市购的无菌医用棉纱布。
对比例3
本对比例采用市购的亲水性含银离子的抗菌敷料Aquacel Ag,厂家Convatec,型号Ag。
为验证本发明制备的水凝胶在抗菌、自愈合、药效缓释等方面的性能,进行以下性能测试。
1、核磁共振氢谱
测试方法:500M核磁共振波谱仪(德国布鲁克公司),样品溶剂氘代水。
图1为明胶、ε-聚赖氨酸和红花多糖改性前后的核磁共振氢谱图,图中,(A)明胶和改性明胶的核磁共振氢谱,其中在7-8ppm处的化学位移代表苯硼酸上活泼氢的化学位移;(B)ε-聚赖氨酸和改性ε-聚赖氨酸的核磁共振氢谱,其中在6-7ppm处的化学位移代表邻苯二酚基团上活泼氢的化学位移;(C)红花多糖和改性红花多糖的核磁共振氢谱,其中在5.5-6.5ppm处的化学位移代表甲基丙烯酰基上活泼氢的化学位移。
2、水凝胶的刚度
测试方法:将改性明胶溶液和改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液在EP管中混合均匀后,倒放,观察水凝胶的流动情况。
用旋转流变仪(马尔文公司)测试水凝胶的刚度,频率设置为1Hz。
图2从左到右分别为实施例2制备的改性明胶溶液和改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液形成的水凝胶的小管倒置图像,水凝胶的模量时间扫描曲线。从水凝胶的小管倒置图像中可以看出管中液体在重力作用下不流动,说明水凝胶形成。从水凝胶的模量时间扫描曲线图中可以看出,改性明胶的含量越高,形成的水凝胶刚度更大。
3、水凝胶的自愈合性能
图3为实施例2制备的水凝胶的自愈合性能测试的实验过程示意图。从图中可以看出,将两块水凝胶叠加放置后二者能立刻融合成一个整体,在水下仍保持整体的状态,未出现分离。
4、红花多糖微球的光镜拍摄图像
测试方法:将实施例3制备的红花多糖微球滴加在载玻片上,置于光学显微镜下观察。
图4为红花多糖微球在光镜下拍摄的图像,从图中可以看出微球均一性较好,直径在200微米左右。
5、抗菌作用
测试方法:向含有200μL对比例2的无菌医用棉纱布、实施例2的水凝胶、实施例3的负载红花多糖的水凝胶的24孔板中分别加入100μL浓度为1×108CFU/mL的革兰氏阴性菌(大肠杆菌E.coli)和革兰氏阳性菌(金黄色葡萄球菌S.aureus),随后加入1mL LB液体培养基,放入37℃培养箱中培养24h。每组对应的菌液进行梯度稀释,涂布于LB琼脂培养基上,置于37℃培养箱中培养24h,拍照计数菌落数目。
图5为水凝胶对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抗菌作用结果,图中,(A)大肠杆菌与水凝胶共培养后的琼脂平板图像,稀释倍数分别为10-1和10-8倍;(B)大肠杆菌琼脂平板菌落计数统计图;(C)金黄色葡萄球菌与水凝胶共培养后的琼脂平板图像,稀释倍数分别为10-1和10-8倍;(D)金黄色葡萄球菌琼脂平板菌落计数统计图。
从图中可以看出,对比例2的无菌医用棉纱布的抗菌能力有限,实施例2和实施例3的水凝胶均有良好的抗菌效果,且实施例3的负载红花多糖的水凝胶的抗菌效果优于实施例2。
6、压力性损伤创面愈合情况
测试方法:选用25±5g的C57BL/6雌性小鼠,腹腔注射0.5%戊巴比妥钠(45-60mg/kg)。小鼠用动物剃毛器剔除背部及周围的毛发,并用脱毛膏脱毛,暴露的皮肤用75%的酒精消毒。在背部正中线两侧5mm处轻轻提起背部皮肤,两侧对称放置直径12mm厚5mm的强力含钕磁铁24小时为1循环,缺血2小时,再灌注22小时,共4个循环,96小时后每只小鼠产生两个创面。然后,分别用对比例2的无菌医用棉纱布,对比例3的市售的Convatec亲水性含银敷料(Aquacel Ag)、实施例2制备的水凝胶(GPL)、实施例3制备的负载红花多糖的水凝胶(GPL/CTLP-MPs)覆盖伤口,于术后3天、7天、14天、21天观察伤口愈合情况,期间不更换医用无菌纱布或水凝胶敷料。
图6为压力性损伤创面经过14天治疗后的创面图像。从图中可以看出随着时间的推移,所有组的皮肤缺损都缩小了,其中实施例3创面修复的速率最快,瘢痕面积最小。
图7为压力性损伤创面经过水凝胶治疗后创面、瘢痕面积和细菌数量统计:(A)伤口面积随时间的变化图;(B)瘢痕面积统计;(C)伤口面积比例变化;(D)创面组织内细菌数量。从图中可以看出,实施例3制备的负载红花多糖的水凝胶能够明显加快创面修复速率,减小瘢痕化面积,并且对创面细菌具有较好的抑制作用。
图8为创面组织匀浆后稀释涂布琼脂平板的图像,稀释倍数分别为10-3和10-5倍。从图中可以看出,实施例2制备的水凝胶、实施例3制备的负载红花多糖的水凝胶与市售的Aquacel Ag敷料都能够抑制创面细菌生长,其中实施例3具有最好的抑制效果。
以上所述的仅是本发明的一些具体实施方式。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明创造性构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.水凝胶,其特征在于,按重量份数计,其原料组成包括:改性明胶5-15份,改性ε-聚赖氨酸2-4份,红花多糖微球0-7份,溶剂100份;
所述改性明胶主要通过明胶接枝苯硼酸基团得到;
所述改性ε-聚赖氨酸主要通过ε-聚赖氨酸接枝邻苯二酚基团得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水凝胶,其特征在于,所述改性明胶的制备方法包括如下步骤:
将明胶溶解于水中,得到明胶溶液;将3-氨基苯硼酸、1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺溶解于由水和二甲基亚砜组成的溶液中,得到混合液,然后将混合液加入明胶溶液中,室温下搅拌反应1-4天,得到反应液,然后将反应液离心,取上清液进行纯化,得到改性明胶。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的水凝胶,其特征在于,所述改性ε-聚赖氨酸的制备方法包括如下步骤:
将ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶于水中,得到ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液;将3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶于水中,得到3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液;将1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺溶于水中,得到EDC-NHS溶液;然后将3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液、EDC-NHS溶液分别加入ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液中,搅拌均匀,得到反应液,调节反应液pH至4.5-5.5,保护气体保护下避光搅拌反应20-24小时,反应结束后对反应产物进行纯化,得到改性ε-聚赖氨酸。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的水凝胶,其特征在于,所述红花多糖微球的制备方法包括如下步骤:
将红花多糖溶于水中,得到红花多糖溶液;然后将甲基丙烯酸酐加入红花多糖溶液中,0-4℃冰浴搅拌20-24h,得到反应液,然后将反应液pH调节至8-10,再将反应液用水透析3-5天,透析袋截留分子量为800-1000kDa,将透析产物冻干,得到改性红花多糖;
将轻质液体石蜡与吐温80混合均匀,得到石蜡-吐温溶液;配制0.1%-0.2%蓝光引发剂溶液,随后加入改性明胶和改性红花多糖,搅拌至完全溶解,得到改性明胶-改性红花多糖溶液;用紫外线灯照射石蜡-吐温溶液并搅拌,然后向石蜡-吐温溶液内加入改性明胶-改性红花多糖溶液,形成水凝胶微球后进行离心,倒掉上层溶液仅保留微球,然后将微球进行清洗,得到红花多糖微球。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的水凝胶,其特征在于,所述溶剂为磷酸盐缓冲液,所述磷酸盐缓冲液由Na2HPO4、KH2PO4、NaCl和KCl配制而成,pH为7.4。
6.根据权利要求2所述的水凝胶,其特征在于,所述改性明胶的制备方法包括如下步骤:
以重量份数计,将1.0-2.0份明胶溶解于50-100份水中,在45-50℃下搅拌至完全溶解得到明胶溶液;将1.0-2.0份3-氨基苯硼酸、1.0-2.0份1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐和0.5-1.0份N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺溶于10-20份由水和二甲基亚砜按照体积比1:1组成的溶液中,完全溶解后得到混合液,然后将混合液加入明胶溶液中,室温下搅拌反应1-4天,得到反应液,然后将反应液离心,取上清液进行纯化,得到改性明胶。
7.根据权利要求3所述的水凝胶,其特征在于,所述改性ε-聚赖氨酸的制备方法包括如下步骤:
以重量份数计,将1.0-2.0份ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶于50-100份水中,得到ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液;将1.0-2.0份3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶于10-30份水中,得到3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液;将5-10份1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐和0.5-2份N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺溶于10-20份水中,得到EDC-NHS溶液;然后将3,4-二羟基苯基丙酸溶液、EDC-NHS溶液分别加入ε-聚赖氨酸盐溶液中,搅拌均匀,得到反应液,调节反应液pH至4.5-5.5,保护气体保护下避光搅拌反应20-24小时,反应结束后对反应产物进行纯化,得到改性ε-聚赖氨酸。
8.权利要求1-7任一项所述的水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
将改性明胶和改性ε-聚赖氨酸分别用溶剂溶解,得到改性明胶溶液和改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液,随后将红花多糖微球分散于改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液中,再与改性明胶溶液混合,即得。
9.根据权利要求8所述的水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述改性明胶溶液的浓度为20%-30%,所述改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液的浓度为4%-8%,所述红花多糖微球与改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液的料液比为(0.3-0.7):5,所述改性明胶溶液和改性ε-聚赖氨酸溶液混合的体积比为1:1。
10.权利要求1-7任一项所述的水凝胶在制备用于压力性损伤创面的敷料中的应用。
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