CN116520153B - Early warning protection method and system for thermal runaway of lithium battery - Google Patents

Early warning protection method and system for thermal runaway of lithium battery Download PDF

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CN116520153B
CN116520153B CN202310462677.6A CN202310462677A CN116520153B CN 116520153 B CN116520153 B CN 116520153B CN 202310462677 A CN202310462677 A CN 202310462677A CN 116520153 B CN116520153 B CN 116520153B
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CN116520153A (en
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龙希罕
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Guangdong Bolong Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention provides a lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system. The lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method comprises the following steps: performing thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery; acquiring a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set by using the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set; and acquiring comprehensive parameters by using the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters, and judging whether to perform thermal runaway early warning on the lithium battery through the comprehensive parameters. The system comprises modules corresponding to the method steps.

Description

Early warning protection method and system for thermal runaway of lithium battery
Technical Field
The invention provides a lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system, and belongs to the technical field of battery thermal runaway early warning.
Background
The high working and running performance and low pollution of the lithium battery lead the application scene of the lithium battery to be very wide, so the safety of lithium ions is the problem to be considered first in the use process of the battery. In recent years, thermal runaway accidents of battery systems based on lithium ion batteries are endless, and therefore, early warning protection against thermal runaway is a necessary means for safe operation of lithium batteries.
However, the internal state of the lithium ion battery is difficult to directly measure, and when the lithium ion battery is cascaded with multiple battery blocks, the prediction and monitoring of the lithium ion battery in cascade cannot be unified due to the difference of the operation formation of each battery block, so that the lithium battery system in cascade with multiple battery blocks cannot perform high-accuracy thermal runaway early warning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for early warning and protecting thermal runaway of a lithium battery, which are used for solving the problem of poor accuracy of early warning of the rapid thermal runaway of a cascaded lithium battery in the prior art, and the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
a lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method comprises the following steps:
performing thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery;
acquiring a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set by using the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set;
And acquiring comprehensive parameters by using the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters, and judging whether to perform thermal runaway early warning on the lithium battery through the comprehensive parameters.
Further, performing thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery, including:
detecting temperature rise, voltage rise and air pressure rise of the lithium battery, and acquiring temperature rise data, voltage rise data and air pressure rise data as a first detection data set;
detecting voltage dip of the lithium battery, and acquiring voltage dip data as a second detection data set;
and detecting the current heat generation amount of the lithium battery to obtain the current total heat generation amount of the lithium battery as a third detection data set.
Further, acquiring, with the first, second, and third detection data sets, first, second, and third prediction parameters corresponding to the first, second, and third detection data sets, includes:
acquiring a first prediction parameter by combining the first detection data set with a first comprehensive model;
Specifically, the first prediction parameters are as follows:
U 1 ＝f(V ij )·λ 1 +f(T ij )·λ 2 +f(P ij )·λ 3
wherein U is 1 Representing a first prediction parameter; v (V) ij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented, and i=1, 2, … …, m, j=1, 2, … …, n; t (T) ij Representing a battery temperature value corresponding to a jth lithium battery in an ith unit time; p (P) ij Representing the battery air pressure value corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery;
specifically, f (V ij )、f(T ij ) And f (P) ij ) The corresponding model of (a) is as follows:
wherein abs () represents a positive value in which the calculation result is a positive number among a plurality of calculation results generated by the function in brackets; m is m abs1 Indicating the voltage difference value of the lithium battery in the ith and the ith-1 th unit timeNumber of positive values; m is m abs2 The number of the temperature difference values of the lithium battery being positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; m is m abs3 The number of the lithium battery air pressure difference values which are positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; c (C) 1 Indicating that the voltage rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds the voltage rising amplitude consistency difference index delta V 1 In the cascade lithium batteries, the quantity of the lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time is increased by the lithium batteries with voltage increasing amplitude exceeding the voltage increasing amplitude consistency difference index; c (C) 2 When the temperature rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds a temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation of the lithium battery with the temperature rising amplitude exceeding the temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index in the single time in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; c (C) 3 When the air pressure rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index delta P, the quantity of lithium batteries which are affected by radiation in a unit time by the lithium batteries with the air pressure rising amplitude exceeding the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented;
at the same time, the weight value lambda 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is: lambda (lambda) 1 The value range of (2) is 0.12-0.18; and lambda is 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is as follows:
wherein k is 1 Represents abs (V) per unit time in a cascade lithium battery ij -V (i-1)j ) The number of lithium batteries of the obtained positive value; k (k) 2 Represents the presence of abs only (V ij -V (i-1)j ) And abs (T) ij -T (i-1)j ) Two itemsMeanwhile, the number of the lithium batteries is positive; k (k) 3 Represents abs (V) ij -V (i-1)j )、abs(T ij -T (i-1)j ) And abs (P) ij -P (i-1)j ) The three items are simultaneously positive lithium battery numbers;
acquiring a second prediction parameter by combining the second detection data set with a second comprehensive model; wherein the second prediction parameters are as follows:
wherein U is 2 Representing a second predicted parameter; v (V) pij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented; c (C) 4 Indicating that the voltage drop amplitude of a lithium battery exceeds the voltage drop amplitude consistency difference index DeltaV in a single time 2 In the cascade lithium batteries, the voltage drop amplitude exceeds the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time, wherein the quantity of the lithium batteries is equal to the difference index of the voltage drop amplitude;
and acquiring a third prediction parameter by combining the third detection data set with a third comprehensive model. Wherein the third prediction parameter is as follows:
wherein U is 3 Representing a third predicted parameter; c ej Represents the specific heat capacity of the jth lithium battery; c (C) 2 When the temperature rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds a temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation of the lithium battery with the temperature rising amplitude exceeding the temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index in the single time in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; t (T) j Representing the current battery external surface temperature value corresponding to the jth lithium battery; t (T) 0j The critical temperature of thermal runaway corresponding to the jth lithium battery is represented; t represents the current jth runtimeLong.
Further, the method for obtaining the comprehensive parameter by using the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter, and judging whether to perform thermal runaway early warning on the lithium battery through the comprehensive parameter comprises the following steps:
the comprehensive module is used for acquiring the current corresponding comprehensive parameters of the lithium battery by utilizing the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters in combination with the parameter comprehensive model;
and the judging and early warning module is used for comparing the comprehensive parameters with the comprehensive parameter threshold, and alarming and disconnecting the power supply path of the lithium battery when the comprehensive parameters exceed the comprehensive parameter threshold.
Further, the parameter synthesis model is as follows:
U＝u 1 ·U 1 +u 2 ·U 2 +u 3 ·U 3
wherein U represents a comprehensive parameter; u (u) 1 、u 2 And u 3 Respectively representing adjustment coefficients corresponding to the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery; lambda (lambda) 4 And lambda (lambda) 5 Respectively representing weight coefficients corresponding to the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; q represents the number of physical quantities of the target object monitored by the thermal runaway prediction of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system; q (Q) 1 、Q 2 And Q 3 Respectively representing the number of physical quantities of the target object adopted in the process of obtaining the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; ts represents the maximum value of the theoretical transition time between the early warning of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery and the occurrence of the thermal runaway phenomenon; t (T) 1 、T 2 And T 3 The corresponding representation respectively causes the thermal runaway phenomenon to occur by taking the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter as main factorsAt present, the lithium battery reaches theoretical transition time between the early warning of thermal runaway and the occurrence of the thermal runaway phenomenon.
A lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system, the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system comprising:
the real-time detection module is used for carrying out thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery;
a prediction parameter obtaining module, configured to obtain a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter, and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set, and the third detection data set by using the first detection data set, the second detection data set, and the third detection data set;
and the early warning judging module is used for acquiring the comprehensive parameters by utilizing the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters and judging whether the lithium battery is subjected to thermal runaway early warning or not through the comprehensive parameters.
Further, the real-time detection module includes:
the first detection module is used for detecting temperature rise, voltage rise and air pressure rise of the lithium battery, and acquiring temperature rise data, voltage rise data and air pressure rise data as a first detection data set;
the second detection module is used for detecting voltage dip of the lithium battery, and acquiring the voltage dip data as a second detection data set;
and the third detection module is used for detecting the current heat generation amount of the lithium battery, and obtaining the current total heat generation amount of the lithium battery as a third detection data set.
Further, the prediction parameter acquisition module includes:
a first prediction parameter acquisition model for acquiring a first prediction parameter by using the first detection data set in combination with a first comprehensive model;
specifically, the first prediction parameters are as follows:
U 1 ＝f(V ij )·λ 1 +f(T ij )·λ 2 +f(P ij )·λ 3
wherein U is 1 Representing a first prediction parameter; v (V) ij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented, and i=1, 2, … …, m, j=1, 2, … …, n; t (T) ij Representing a battery temperature value corresponding to a jth lithium battery in an ith unit time; p (P) ij Representing the battery air pressure value corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery;
specifically, f (V ij )、f(T ij ) And f (P) ij ) The corresponding model of (a) is as follows:
wherein abs () represents a positive value in which the calculation result is a positive number among a plurality of calculation results generated by the function in brackets; m is m abs1 The number of the voltage difference values of the lithium batteries in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is positive; m is m abs2 The number of the temperature difference values of the lithium battery being positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; m is m abs3 The number of the lithium battery air pressure difference values which are positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; c (C) 1 Indicating that the voltage rising amplitude of a lithium battery exceeds the voltage rising amplitude consistency difference index delta V 1 In the cascade lithium battery, the lithium battery with the voltage rising amplitude exceeding the voltage rising amplitude consistency difference index is in one unitThe number of lithium cells affected by radiation within the cell compartment; c (C) 2 When the temperature rise amplitude of one lithium battery exceeds the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the number of lithium batteries affected by radiation in one unit time of the lithium batteries with the temperature rise amplitude exceeding the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; c (C) 3 When the air pressure rising amplitude of one lithium battery exceeds the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index delta P, the number of lithium batteries which are affected by radiation in a unit time by the lithium batteries with the air pressure rising amplitude exceeding the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented;
at the same time, the weight value lambda 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is: lambda (lambda) 1 The value range of (2) is 0.12-0.18; and lambda is 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is as follows:
wherein k is 1 Represents abs (V) per unit time in a cascade lithium battery ij -V (i-1)j ) The number of lithium batteries of the obtained positive value; k (k) 2 Represents the presence of abs only (V ij -V (i-1)j ) And abs (T) ij -T (i-1)j ) The two lithium batteries are positive values at the same time; k (k) 3 Represents abs (V) ij -V (i-1)j )、abs(T ij -T (i-1)j ) And abs (P) ij -P (i-1)j ) The three items are simultaneously positive lithium battery numbers;
a second prediction parameter acquisition model for acquiring a second prediction parameter by using the second detection data set in combination with a second comprehensive model; wherein the second prediction parameters are as follows:
wherein U is 2 Representing a second predicted parameter; v (V) pij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented; c (C) 4 Indicating that the voltage drop amplitude of a lithium battery exceeds the voltage dip amplitude consistency difference index delta V 2 In the cascade lithium batteries, the voltage drop amplitude exceeds the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time, wherein the quantity of the lithium batteries is equal to the difference index of the voltage drop amplitude;
and the third prediction parameter acquisition model is used for acquiring a third prediction parameter by combining the third detection data set with a third comprehensive model. Wherein the third prediction parameter is as follows:
wherein U is 3 Representing a third predicted parameter; c ej Represents the specific heat capacity of the jth lithium battery; c (C) 2 When the temperature rise amplitude of one lithium battery exceeds the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the number of lithium batteries affected by radiation in one unit time of the lithium batteries with the temperature rise amplitude exceeding the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; t (T) j Representing the current battery external surface temperature value corresponding to the jth lithium battery; t (T) 0j The critical temperature of thermal runaway corresponding to the jth lithium battery is represented; t represents the current j-th operation time.
Further, the early warning judging module includes:
the comprehensive module is used for acquiring the current corresponding comprehensive parameters of the lithium battery by utilizing the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters in combination with the parameter comprehensive model;
And the early warning module is used for comparing the comprehensive parameters with the comprehensive parameter threshold, and alarming and disconnecting the power supply path of the lithium battery when the comprehensive parameters exceed the comprehensive parameter threshold.
Further, the parameter synthesis model is as follows:
U＝u 1 ·U 1 +u 2 ·U 2 +u 3 ·U 3
wherein U represents a comprehensive parameter; u (u) 1 、u 2 And u 3 Respectively representing adjustment coefficients corresponding to the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery; lambda (lambda) 4 And lambda (lambda) 5 Respectively representing weight coefficients corresponding to the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; q represents the number of physical quantities of the target object monitored by the thermal runaway prediction of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system; q (Q) 1 、Q 2 And Q 3 Respectively representing the number of physical quantities of the target object adopted in the process of obtaining the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; ts represents the maximum value of the theoretical transition time between the early warning of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery and the occurrence of the thermal runaway phenomenon; t (T) 1 、T 2 And T 3 And correspondingly representing theoretical transition time from the early warning of the thermal runaway to the occurrence of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery when the thermal runaway phenomenon is caused by the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter serving as main factors.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method and the system for protecting the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium battery, disclosed by the invention, the comprehensive thermal runaway prediction parameters aiming at the lithium battery can be obtained in a fusion mode according to the prediction parameters obtained by the multiple physical index quantities of different lithium ion battery blocks in each unit time, and the accuracy of the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium ion battery in a multi-battery block cascading state can be effectively improved in the mode. Meanwhile, as the operation parameters of each lithium ion battery block are comprehensively considered, the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system provided by the invention can be used for carrying out high-accuracy thermal runaway early warning on lithium batteries with various cascade structures, and the application universality of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system is improved. Meanwhile, the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction of the cascade lithium battery can be further improved by comprehensively evaluating multi-angle parameters such as voltage, temperature, air pressure, heat generation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for early warning and protecting a thermal runaway of a lithium battery according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a system block diagram of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a thermal runaway early warning protection method for a lithium battery, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, performing thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery;
s2, acquiring a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set by using the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set;
and S3, acquiring comprehensive parameters by using the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters, and judging whether to perform thermal runaway early warning on the lithium battery through the comprehensive parameters.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: firstly, performing thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery; at this stage, the lithium battery is monitored in real time and thermal runaway detection is performed. This may be achieved by using sensors or other related devices for acquiring the first-pass parameters. And acquiring a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery in real time in the operation process of the lithium battery through monitoring the lithium battery. These data sets may include information about battery temperature, battery voltage, battery capacity, etc.
Then, acquiring a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set by using the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set; and acquiring comprehensive parameters by using the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters, and judging whether to perform thermal runaway early warning on the lithium battery through the comprehensive parameters. And acquiring the comprehensive parameters by using the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters. These synthetic parameters may be calculated from the predictive model and the real-time detection data. The integrated parameters may reflect the health of the lithium battery and the possible risk of thermal runaway. The embodiment uses the comprehensive parameters to judge whether the thermal runaway early warning is needed for the lithium battery. If a possible thermal runaway risk is predicted, an early warning signal will be sent out in order to take corresponding measures to protect the safety of the lithium battery and the surrounding environment.
The technical scheme has the effects that: according to the thermal runaway early warning protection method for the lithium battery, disclosed by the embodiment, the comprehensive thermal runaway prediction parameters aiming at the lithium battery can be obtained in a fusion mode according to the prediction parameters obtained by the multiple physical index quantities of different lithium ion battery blocks in each unit time, and the accuracy of the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium ion battery in a multi-battery-block cascading state can be effectively improved in the mode. Meanwhile, the operation parameters of each lithium ion battery block are comprehensively considered, so that the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method provided by the embodiment can perform high-accuracy thermal runaway early warning aiming at the lithium batteries with various cascade structures, and the application universality of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system is improved. Meanwhile, the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction of the cascade lithium battery can be further improved by comprehensively evaluating multi-angle parameters such as voltage, temperature, air pressure, heat generation and the like.
According to one embodiment of the invention, thermal runaway detection is performed on the lithium battery in real time, and a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery are obtained, including:
s101, detecting temperature rise, voltage rise and air pressure rise of the lithium battery, and acquiring temperature rise data, voltage rise data and air pressure rise data as a first detection data set;
s102, performing voltage dip detection on the lithium battery to obtain voltage dip data as a second detection data set;
and S103, detecting the current heat generation amount of the lithium battery to obtain the current total heat generation amount of the lithium battery, and taking the current total heat generation amount of the lithium battery as a third detection data set.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: firstly, detecting temperature rise, voltage rise and air pressure rise of the lithium battery, and acquiring temperature rise data, voltage rise data and air pressure rise data as a first detection data set; at this stage, the lithium battery is subjected to detection of temperature rise, voltage rise and air pressure rise. These detection data are used as a first detection data set. These data can be used to determine whether the lithium battery is in an overheated, overcharged or overvoltage condition.
Then, carrying out voltage dip detection on the lithium battery to obtain voltage dip data as a second detection data set; at this stage, the lithium battery is subjected to voltage dip detection. If a voltage dip is detected, the voltage dip data is acquired and used as a second detection data set. The voltage dip detection can be used for judging whether the lithium battery is in the over-discharge state or the short circuit state or not.
And finally, detecting the current heat generation amount of the lithium battery to obtain the current total heat generation amount of the lithium battery as a third detection data set. At this stage, the lithium battery will be subjected to detection of the current heat generation amount. This will obtain the total heat production of the lithium battery currently in question and take it as a third test data set. These data may be used to determine whether the lithium battery is in an overload or other overload condition.
The technical scheme has the effects that: according to the thermal runaway early warning protection method for the lithium battery, disclosed by the embodiment, the comprehensive thermal runaway prediction parameters aiming at the lithium battery can be obtained in a fusion mode according to the prediction parameters obtained by the multiple physical index quantities of different lithium ion battery blocks in each unit time, and the accuracy of the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium ion battery in a multi-battery-block cascading state can be effectively improved in the mode. Meanwhile, the operation parameters of each lithium ion battery block are comprehensively considered, so that the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method provided by the embodiment can perform high-accuracy thermal runaway early warning aiming at the lithium batteries with various cascade structures, and the application universality of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system is improved. Meanwhile, the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction of the cascade lithium battery can be further improved by comprehensively evaluating multi-angle parameters such as voltage, temperature, air pressure, heat generation and the like.
The first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set are integrated, and the health condition of the lithium battery is analyzed through the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set so as to provide corresponding health monitoring and warning information, and a user can be helped to take corresponding measures in time to protect the safety of the lithium battery and surrounding environment.
An embodiment of the present invention, acquiring, using the first detection data set, the second detection data set, and the third detection data set, a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter, and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set, and the third detection data set, includes:
s201, acquiring a first prediction parameter by combining the first detection data set with a first comprehensive model;
specifically, the first prediction parameters are as follows:
U 1 ＝f(V ij )·λ 1 +f(T ij )·λ 2 +f(P ij )·λ 3
wherein U is 1 Representing a first prediction parameter; v (V) ij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented, and i=1, 2, … …, m, j=1, 2, … …, n; t (T) ij Representing a battery temperature value corresponding to a jth lithium battery in an ith unit time; p (P) ij Representing the battery air pressure value corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery;
specifically, f (V ij )、f(T ij ) And f (P) ij ) The corresponding model of (a) is as follows:
wherein abs () represents a positive value in which the calculation result is a positive number among a plurality of calculation results generated by the function in brackets; m is m abs1 The number of the voltage difference values of the lithium batteries in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is positive; m is m abs2 The number of the temperature difference values of the lithium battery being positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; m is m abs3 The number of the lithium battery air pressure difference values which are positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; c (C) 1 Indicating that the voltage rising amplitude of a lithium battery exceeds the voltage rising amplitude consistency difference index delta V 1 In the cascade lithium batteries, the quantity of the lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time is increased by the lithium batteries with voltage increasing amplitude exceeding the voltage increasing amplitude consistency difference index; c (C) 2 Represents a lithiumWhen the temperature rise amplitude of the battery exceeds the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index delta T, in the cascade lithium batteries, the number of lithium batteries affected by radiation of the lithium batteries with the temperature rise amplitude exceeding the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index in one unit time; c (C) 3 When the air pressure rising amplitude of one lithium battery exceeds the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index delta P, the number of lithium batteries which are affected by radiation in a unit time by the lithium batteries with the air pressure rising amplitude exceeding the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented;
at the same time, the weight value lambda 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is: lambda (lambda) 1 The value range of (2) is 0.12-0.18; and lambda is 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is as follows:
wherein k is 1 Represents abs (V) per unit time in a cascade lithium battery ij -V (i-1)j ) The number of lithium batteries of the obtained positive value; k (k) 2 Represents the presence of abs only (V ij -V (i-1)j ) And abs (T) ij -T (i-1)j ) The two lithium batteries are positive values at the same time; k (k) 3 Represents abs (V) ij -V (i-1)j )、abs(T ij -T (i-1)j ) And abs (P) ij -P (i-1)j ) The three items are simultaneously positive lithium battery numbers;
s202, acquiring a second prediction parameter by combining the second detection data set with a second comprehensive model; wherein the second prediction parameters are as follows:
wherein U is 2 Representing a second predicted parameter; v (V) pij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented; c (C) 4 Indicating that the voltage drop amplitude of a lithium battery exceeds the voltage dip amplitude consistency difference index delta V 2 In the cascade lithium batteries, the voltage drop amplitude exceeds the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time, wherein the quantity of the lithium batteries is equal to the difference index of the voltage drop amplitude;
s203, acquiring a third prediction parameter by combining the third detection data set with a third comprehensive model. Wherein the third prediction parameter is as follows:
wherein U is 3 Representing a third predicted parameter; c ej Represents the specific heat capacity of the jth lithium battery; c (C) 2 When the temperature rise amplitude of one lithium battery exceeds the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the number of lithium batteries affected by radiation in one unit time of the lithium batteries with the temperature rise amplitude exceeding the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; t (T) j Representing the current battery external surface temperature value corresponding to the jth lithium battery; t (T) 0j The critical temperature of thermal runaway corresponding to the jth lithium battery is represented; t represents the current j-th operation time length; m is M j Indicating the quality of the j-th cell.
The principle and effect of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the thermal runaway early warning protection method for the lithium battery, disclosed by the embodiment, the comprehensive thermal runaway prediction parameters aiming at the lithium battery can be obtained in a fusion mode according to the prediction parameters obtained by the multiple physical index quantities of different lithium ion battery blocks in each unit time, and the accuracy of the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium ion battery in a multi-battery-block cascading state can be effectively improved in the mode. Meanwhile, the operation parameters of each lithium ion battery block are comprehensively considered, so that the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method provided by the embodiment can perform high-accuracy thermal runaway early warning aiming at the lithium batteries with various cascade structures, and the application universality of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system is improved. Meanwhile, the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction of the cascade lithium battery can be further improved by comprehensively evaluating multi-angle parameters such as voltage, temperature, air pressure, heat generation and the like.
Meanwhile, the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter are obtained through the mode, so that corresponding prediction parameters can be generated aiming at different thermal runaway index physical quantities, and the accuracy and the comprehensiveness of thermal runaway monitoring are effectively improved. On the other hand, the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter which are obtained through the first comprehensive model, the second comprehensive model and the third comprehensive model can effectively improve the following performance and the matching performance of the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter with the battery running state, and further effectively improve the accuracy of the parameters for the battery thermal runaway characterization. Meanwhile, under the battery cascade state, particularly under the condition that the actual specification parameters of each battery module are different, the accuracy of comprehensive evaluation prediction of the whole battery running state can be further improved by aiming at different observation indexes through the first comprehensive model, the second comprehensive model and the third comprehensive model. Under the condition of battery cascading, the problems of increased accuracy of overall battery thermal runaway detection and overall battery evaluation errors and poor timeliness caused by the fact that actual specification parameters of all battery modules are different are prevented.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter are used for obtaining the comprehensive parameter, and whether the thermal runaway early warning is carried out on the lithium battery is judged through the comprehensive parameter, and the method comprises the following steps:
S301, acquiring a current corresponding comprehensive parameter of the lithium battery by utilizing a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter in combination with a parameter comprehensive model;
s302, comparing the comprehensive parameters with the comprehensive parameter threshold, and when the comprehensive parameters exceed the comprehensive parameter threshold, alarming and disconnecting the power supply path of the lithium battery.
Wherein, the parameter comprehensive model is as follows:
U＝u 1 ·U 1 +u 2 ·U 2 +u 3 ·U 3
wherein U represents a comprehensive parameter; u (u) 1 、u 2 And u 3 Respectively representing adjustment coefficients corresponding to the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery; lambda (lambda) 4 And lambda (lambda) 5 Respectively representing weight coefficients corresponding to the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; q represents the number of physical quantities of the target object monitored by the thermal runaway prediction of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system; q (Q) 1 、Q 2 And Q 3 Respectively representing the number of physical quantities of the target object adopted in the process of obtaining the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; ts represents the maximum value of the theoretical transition time between the early warning of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery and the occurrence of the thermal runaway phenomenon; t (T) 1 、T 2 And T 3 And correspondingly representing theoretical transition time from the early warning of the thermal runaway to the occurrence of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery when the thermal runaway phenomenon is caused by the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter serving as main factors.
The working principle and the effect of the technical scheme are as follows: firstly, combining a parameter comprehensive model and utilizing a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter to obtain a comprehensive parameter currently corresponding to the lithium battery; and comparing the comprehensive parameter with the comprehensive parameter threshold, and when the comprehensive parameter exceeds the comprehensive parameter threshold, alarming and disconnecting the power supply path of the lithium battery.
According to the thermal runaway early warning protection method for the lithium battery, disclosed by the embodiment, the comprehensive thermal runaway prediction parameters aiming at the lithium battery can be obtained in a fusion mode according to the prediction parameters obtained by the multiple physical index quantities of different lithium ion battery blocks in each unit time, and the accuracy of the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium ion battery in a multi-battery-block cascading state can be effectively improved in the mode. Meanwhile, the operation parameters of each lithium ion battery block are comprehensively considered, so that the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method provided by the embodiment can perform high-accuracy thermal runaway early warning aiming at the lithium batteries with various cascade structures, and the application universality of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system is improved. Meanwhile, the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction of the cascade lithium battery can be further improved by comprehensively evaluating multi-angle parameters such as voltage, temperature, air pressure, heat generation and the like.
On the other hand, the comprehensive parameters obtained through the parameter comprehensive model can effectively improve the accuracy of obtaining the battery comprehensive parameters according to the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters, and the comprehensive monitoring accuracy of the comprehensive parameters on the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cascaded by the multi-battery blocks, improve the matching performance of the thermal runaway comprehensive monitoring and the comprehensive parameters and the actual running condition of the lithium battery cascaded by the multi-battery blocks and the accuracy of the characterization reaction, prevent the problem that the thermal runaway phenomenon occurs in the battery due to the fact that the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium battery cascaded by the multi-battery blocks is not timely, and also prevent the problem that the thermal runaway monitoring accuracy is reduced due to the fact that the number of the cascaded battery blocks is large.
The embodiment of the invention provides a lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system, as shown in fig. 2, comprising:
the real-time detection module is used for carrying out thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery;
a prediction parameter obtaining module, configured to obtain a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter, and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set, and the third detection data set by using the first detection data set, the second detection data set, and the third detection data set;
And the early warning judging module is used for acquiring the comprehensive parameters by utilizing the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters and judging whether the lithium battery is subjected to thermal runaway early warning or not through the comprehensive parameters.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: firstly, carrying out thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time through a real-time detection module to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery; at this stage, the lithium battery is monitored in real time and thermal runaway detection is performed. This may be achieved by using sensors or other related devices for acquiring the first-pass parameters. And acquiring a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery in real time in the operation process of the lithium battery through monitoring the lithium battery. These data sets may include information about battery temperature, battery voltage, battery capacity, etc.
Then, a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set are acquired by a prediction parameter acquisition module by using the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set; and finally, acquiring comprehensive parameters by using the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters through an early warning judging module, and judging whether to perform thermal runaway early warning on the lithium battery through the comprehensive parameters. The integrated parameters may reflect the health of the lithium battery and the possible risk of thermal runaway. The embodiment uses the comprehensive parameters to judge whether the thermal runaway early warning is needed for the lithium battery. If a possible thermal runaway risk is predicted, an early warning signal will be sent out in order to take corresponding measures to protect the safety of the lithium battery and the surrounding environment.
The technical scheme has the effects that: according to the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system provided by the embodiment, the comprehensive thermal runaway prediction parameters aiming at the lithium battery can be obtained according to the mode that the prediction parameters obtained by the multiple physical index quantities of different lithium ion battery blocks in each unit time are fused, and the accuracy of the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium ion battery in the multi-battery block cascading state can be effectively improved through the mode. Meanwhile, because the operation parameters of each lithium ion battery block are comprehensively considered, the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system provided by the embodiment can perform high-accuracy thermal runaway early warning on lithium batteries with various cascade structures, and the application universality of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system is improved. Meanwhile, the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction of the cascade lithium battery can be further improved by comprehensively evaluating multi-angle parameters such as voltage, temperature, air pressure, heat generation and the like.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the real-time detection module includes:
the first detection module is used for detecting temperature rise, voltage rise and air pressure rise of the lithium battery, and acquiring temperature rise data, voltage rise data and air pressure rise data as a first detection data set;
The second detection module is used for detecting voltage dip of the lithium battery, and acquiring the voltage dip data as a second detection data set;
and the third detection module is used for detecting the current heat generation amount of the lithium battery, and obtaining the current total heat generation amount of the lithium battery as a third detection data set.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: firstly, detecting temperature rise, voltage rise and air pressure rise of the lithium battery through a first detection module, and acquiring temperature rise data, voltage rise data and air pressure rise data as a first detection data set; at this stage, the lithium battery is subjected to detection of temperature rise, voltage rise and air pressure rise. These detection data are used as a first detection data set. These data can be used to determine whether the lithium battery is in an overheated, overcharged or overvoltage condition.
Then, performing voltage dip detection on the lithium battery by using a second detection module to obtain voltage dip data as a second detection data set; at this stage, the lithium battery is subjected to voltage dip detection. If a voltage dip is detected, the voltage dip data is acquired and used as a second detection data set. The voltage dip detection can be used for judging whether the lithium battery is in the over-discharge state or the short circuit state or not.
And finally, detecting the current heat generation amount of the lithium battery through a third detection module to obtain the current total heat generation amount of the lithium battery, and taking the current total heat generation amount of the lithium battery as a third detection data set. At this stage, the lithium battery will be subjected to detection of the current heat generation amount. This will obtain the total heat production of the lithium battery currently in question and take it as a third test data set. These data may be used to determine whether the lithium battery is in an overload or other overload condition.
The technical scheme has the effects that: according to the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system provided by the embodiment, the comprehensive thermal runaway prediction parameters aiming at the lithium battery can be obtained according to the mode that the prediction parameters obtained by the multiple physical index quantities of different lithium ion battery blocks in each unit time are fused, and the accuracy of the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium ion battery in the multi-battery block cascading state can be effectively improved through the mode. Meanwhile, the operation parameters of each lithium ion battery block are comprehensively considered, so that the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method provided by the embodiment can perform high-accuracy thermal runaway early warning aiming at the lithium batteries with various cascade structures, and the application universality of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system is improved. Meanwhile, the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction of the cascade lithium battery can be further improved by comprehensively evaluating multi-angle parameters such as voltage, temperature, air pressure, heat generation and the like.
The first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set are integrated, and the health condition of the lithium battery is analyzed through the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set so as to provide corresponding health monitoring and warning information, and a user can be helped to take corresponding measures in time to protect the safety of the lithium battery and surrounding environment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the prediction parameter acquisition module includes:
a first prediction parameter acquisition model for acquiring a first prediction parameter by using the first detection data set in combination with a first comprehensive model;
specifically, the first prediction parameters are as follows:
U 1 ＝f(V ij )·λ 1 +f(T ij )·λ 2 +f(P ij )·λ 3
wherein U is 1 Representing a first prediction parameter; v (V) ij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented, and i=1, 2, … …, m, j=1, 2, … …, n; t (T) ij Representing a battery temperature value corresponding to a jth lithium battery in an ith unit time; p (P) ij Representing the battery air pressure value corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery;
specifically, f (V ij )、f(T ij ) And f (P) ij ) The corresponding model of (a) is as follows:
/>
Wherein abs () represents a positive value in which the calculation result is a positive number among a plurality of calculation results generated by the function in brackets; m is m abs1 The number of the voltage difference values of the lithium batteries in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is positive; m is m abs2 The number of the temperature difference values of the lithium battery being positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; m is m abs3 The number of the lithium battery air pressure difference values which are positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; c (C) 1 Indicating that the voltage rise of a lithium battery exceeds the voltage riseDegree consistency difference index DeltaV 1 In the cascade lithium batteries, the quantity of the lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time is increased by the lithium batteries with voltage increasing amplitude exceeding the voltage increasing amplitude consistency difference index; c (C) 2 When the temperature rise amplitude of one lithium battery exceeds the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the number of lithium batteries affected by radiation in one unit time of the lithium batteries with the temperature rise amplitude exceeding the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; c (C) 3 When the air pressure rising amplitude of one lithium battery exceeds the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index delta P, the number of lithium batteries which are affected by radiation in a unit time by the lithium batteries with the air pressure rising amplitude exceeding the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented;
At the same time, the weight value lambda 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is: lambda (lambda) 1 The value range of (2) is 0.12-0.18; and lambda is 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is as follows:
wherein k is 1 Represents abs (V) per unit time in a cascade lithium battery ij -V (i-1)j ) The number of lithium batteries of the obtained positive value; k (k) 2 Represents the presence of abs only (V ij -V (i-1)j ) And abs (T) ij -T (i-1)j ) The two lithium batteries are positive values at the same time; k (k) 3 Represents abs (V) ij -V (i-1)j )、abs(T ij -T (i-1)j ) And abs (P) ij -P (i-1)j ) The three items are simultaneously positive lithium battery numbers;
a second prediction parameter acquisition model for acquiring a second prediction parameter by using the second detection data set in combination with a second comprehensive model; wherein the second prediction parameters are as follows:
wherein U is 2 Representing a second predicted parameter; v (V) pij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented; c (C) 4 Indicating that the voltage drop amplitude of a lithium battery exceeds the voltage dip amplitude consistency difference index delta V 2 In the cascade lithium batteries, the voltage drop amplitude exceeds the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time, wherein the quantity of the lithium batteries is equal to the difference index of the voltage drop amplitude;
and the third prediction parameter acquisition model is used for acquiring a third prediction parameter by combining the third detection data set with a third comprehensive model. Wherein the third prediction parameter is as follows:
Wherein U is 3 Representing a third predicted parameter; c ej Represents the specific heat capacity of the jth lithium battery; c (C) 2 When the temperature rise amplitude of one lithium battery exceeds the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the number of lithium batteries affected by radiation in one unit time of the lithium batteries with the temperature rise amplitude exceeding the temperature rise amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; t (T) j Representing the current battery external surface temperature value corresponding to the jth lithium battery; t (T) 0j The critical temperature of thermal runaway corresponding to the jth lithium battery is represented; t represents the current j-th operation time.
The working principle and the effect of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system provided by the embodiment, the comprehensive thermal runaway prediction parameters aiming at the lithium battery can be obtained according to the mode that the prediction parameters obtained by the multiple physical index quantities of different lithium ion battery blocks in each unit time are fused, and the accuracy of the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium ion battery in the multi-battery block cascading state can be effectively improved through the mode. Meanwhile, because the operation parameters of each lithium ion battery block are comprehensively considered, the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system provided by the embodiment can perform high-accuracy thermal runaway early warning on lithium batteries with various cascade structures, and the application universality of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system is improved. Meanwhile, the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction of the cascade lithium battery can be further improved by comprehensively evaluating multi-angle parameters such as voltage, temperature, air pressure, heat generation and the like.
Meanwhile, the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter are obtained through the mode, so that corresponding prediction parameters can be generated aiming at different thermal runaway index physical quantities, and the accuracy and the comprehensiveness of thermal runaway monitoring are effectively improved. On the other hand, the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter which are obtained through the first comprehensive model, the second comprehensive model and the third comprehensive model can effectively improve the following performance and the matching performance of the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter with the battery running state, and further effectively improve the accuracy of the parameters for the battery thermal runaway characterization. Meanwhile, under the battery cascade state, particularly under the condition that the actual specification parameters of each battery module are different, the accuracy of comprehensive evaluation prediction of the whole battery running state can be further improved by aiming at different observation indexes through the first comprehensive model, the second comprehensive model and the third comprehensive model. Under the condition of battery cascading, the problems of increased accuracy of overall battery thermal runaway detection and overall battery evaluation errors and poor timeliness caused by the fact that actual specification parameters of all battery modules are different are prevented.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the early warning judgment module includes:
The comprehensive module is used for acquiring the current corresponding comprehensive parameters of the lithium battery by utilizing the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters in combination with the parameter comprehensive model;
and the early warning module is used for comparing the comprehensive parameters with the comprehensive parameter threshold, and alarming and disconnecting the power supply path of the lithium battery when the comprehensive parameters exceed the comprehensive parameter threshold.
Wherein, the parameter comprehensive model is as follows:
U＝u 1 ·U 1 +u 2 ·U 2 +u 3 ·U 3
wherein U represents a comprehensive parameter; u (u) 1 、u 2 And u 3 Respectively representing adjustment coefficients corresponding to the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery; lambda (lambda) 4 And lambda (lambda) 5 Respectively representing weight coefficients corresponding to the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; q represents the number of physical quantities of the target object monitored by the thermal runaway prediction of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system; q (Q) 1 、Q 2 And Q 3 Respectively representing the number of physical quantities of the target object adopted in the process of obtaining the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; ts represents the maximum value of the theoretical transition time between the early warning of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery and the occurrence of the thermal runaway phenomenon; t (T) 1 、T 2 And T 3 And correspondingly representing theoretical transition time from the early warning of the thermal runaway to the occurrence of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery when the thermal runaway phenomenon is caused by the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter serving as main factors.
The working principle and the effect of the technical scheme are as follows: firstly, acquiring a current corresponding comprehensive parameter of a lithium battery by combining a parameter comprehensive model through a comprehensive module and utilizing a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter; and then comparing the comprehensive parameters with the comprehensive parameter threshold by utilizing an early warning module, and when the comprehensive parameters exceed the comprehensive parameter threshold, alarming and disconnecting the power supply path of the lithium battery.
According to the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system provided by the embodiment, the comprehensive thermal runaway prediction parameters aiming at the lithium battery can be obtained according to the mode that the prediction parameters obtained by the multiple physical index quantities of different lithium ion battery blocks in each unit time are fused, and the accuracy of the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium ion battery in the multi-battery block cascading state can be effectively improved through the mode. Meanwhile, because the operation parameters of each lithium ion battery block are comprehensively considered, the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system provided by the embodiment can perform high-accuracy thermal runaway early warning on lithium batteries with various cascade structures, and the application universality of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method and system is improved. Meanwhile, the accuracy of thermal runaway prediction of the cascade lithium battery can be further improved by comprehensively evaluating multi-angle parameters such as voltage, temperature, air pressure, heat generation and the like.
On the other hand, the comprehensive parameters obtained through the parameter comprehensive model can effectively improve the accuracy of obtaining the battery comprehensive parameters according to the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters, and the comprehensive monitoring accuracy of the comprehensive parameters on the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cascaded by the multi-battery blocks, improve the matching performance of the thermal runaway comprehensive monitoring and the comprehensive parameters and the actual running condition of the lithium battery cascaded by the multi-battery blocks and the accuracy of the characterization reaction, prevent the problem that the thermal runaway phenomenon occurs in the battery due to the fact that the thermal runaway early warning of the lithium battery cascaded by the multi-battery blocks is not timely, and also prevent the problem that the thermal runaway monitoring accuracy is reduced due to the fact that the number of the cascaded battery blocks is large.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (4)

1. The lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Performing thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery;
acquiring a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set by using the first detection data set, the second detection data set and the third detection data set;
acquiring comprehensive parameters by using the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters, and judging whether to perform thermal runaway early warning on the lithium battery through the comprehensive parameters;
acquiring, by using the first detection data set, the second detection data set, and the third detection data set, a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter, and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set, and the third detection data set, including:
acquiring a first prediction parameter by combining the first detection data set with a first comprehensive model;
the first prediction parameters are as follows:
U 1 ＝f(V ij )·λ 1 +f(T ij )·λ 2 +f(P ij )·λ 3
wherein U is 1 Representing a first prediction parameter; v (V) ij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented, and i=1, 2, … …, m, j=1, 2, … …, n; t (T) ij Representing a battery temperature value corresponding to a jth lithium battery in an ith unit time; p (P) ij Representing the battery air pressure value corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery;
f(V ij )、f(T ij ) And f (P) ij ) The corresponding model of (a) is as follows:
wherein abs () represents a positive value in which the calculation result is a positive number among a plurality of calculation results generated by the function in brackets; m is m abs1 The number of the voltage difference values of the lithium batteries in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is positive; m is m abs2 The number of the temperature difference values of the lithium battery being positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; m is m abs3 The number of the lithium battery air pressure difference values which are positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; c (C) 1 Indicating that the voltage rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds the voltage rising amplitude consistency difference index delta V 1 In the cascade lithium batteries, the quantity of the lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time is increased by the lithium batteries with voltage increasing amplitude exceeding the voltage increasing amplitude consistency difference index; c (C) 2 When the temperature rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds a temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation of the lithium battery with the temperature rising amplitude exceeding the temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index in the single time in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; c (C) 3 When the air pressure rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index delta P, the quantity of lithium batteries which are affected by radiation in a unit time by the lithium batteries with the air pressure rising amplitude exceeding the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented;
at the same time, the weight value lambda 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is: lambda (lambda) 1 The value range of (2) is 0.12-0.18; and lambda is 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is as follows:
wherein k is 1 Represents abs (V) per unit time in a cascade lithium battery ij -V (i-1)j ) The number of lithium batteries of the obtained positive value; k (k) 2 Represents the presence of abs only (V ij -V (i-1)j ) And abs (T) ij -T (i-1)j ) The two lithium batteries are positive values at the same time; k (k) 3 Represents abs (V) ij -V (i-1)j )、abs(T ij -T (i-1)j ) And abs (P) ij -P (i-1)j ) The three items are simultaneously positive lithium battery numbers;
acquiring a second prediction parameter by combining the second detection data set with a second comprehensive model; wherein the second prediction parameters are as follows:
wherein U is 2 Representing a second predicted parameter; v (V) pij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented; c (C) 4 Indicating that the voltage drop amplitude of a lithium battery exceeds the voltage drop amplitude consistency difference index DeltaV in a single time 2 In the cascade lithium batteries, the voltage drop amplitude exceeds the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time, wherein the quantity of the lithium batteries is equal to the difference index of the voltage drop amplitude;
and acquiring a third prediction parameter by using the third detection data set and combining a third comprehensive model, wherein the third prediction parameter is as follows:
wherein U is 3 Representing a third predicted parameter; c ej Represents the specific heat capacity of the jth lithium battery; c (C) 2 When the temperature rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds a temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation of the lithium battery with the temperature rising amplitude exceeding the temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index in the single time in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; t (T) j Representing the current battery external surface temperature value corresponding to the jth lithium battery; t (T) 0j The critical temperature of thermal runaway corresponding to the jth lithium battery is represented; t is t j Representing the running time of the current jth lithium battery;
acquiring the comprehensive parameters by using the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters, and judging whether to perform thermal runaway early warning on the lithium battery through the comprehensive parameters, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter are utilized to obtain the current corresponding comprehensive parameter of the lithium battery by combining the parameter comprehensive model;
Comparing the comprehensive parameters with a comprehensive parameter threshold, and alarming and disconnecting a power supply path of the lithium battery when the comprehensive parameters exceed the comprehensive parameter threshold;
the parameter synthesis model is as follows:
U＝u 1 ·U 1 +u 2 ·U 2 +u 3 ·U 3
wherein U represents a comprehensive parameter; u (U) 1 、U 2 And U 3 Respectively representing a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter; u (u) 1 、u 2 And u 3 Respectively representing adjustment coefficients corresponding to the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively represent lithiumThe voltage change, temperature change and air pressure change of the battery correspond to weight values; lambda (lambda) 4 And lambda (lambda) 5 Respectively representing weight coefficients corresponding to the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; q represents the number of physical quantities of the target object monitored by the thermal runaway prediction of the lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection system; q (Q) 1 、Q 2 And Q 3 Respectively representing the number of physical quantities of the target object adopted in the process of obtaining the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; ts represents the maximum value of the theoretical transition time between the early warning of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery and the occurrence of the thermal runaway phenomenon; t (T) 1 、T 2 And T 3 And correspondingly representing theoretical transition time from the early warning of the thermal runaway to the occurrence of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery when the thermal runaway phenomenon is caused by the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter serving as main factors.
2. The method for thermal runaway early warning protection of a lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein performing thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery comprises:
detecting temperature rise, voltage rise and air pressure rise of the lithium battery, and acquiring temperature rise data, voltage rise data and air pressure rise data as a first detection data set;
detecting voltage dip of the lithium battery to obtain voltage dip data as a second detection data set;
and detecting the current heat generation amount of the lithium battery to obtain the current total heat generation amount of the lithium battery as a third detection data set.
3. The utility model provides a lithium cell thermal runaway early warning protection system which characterized in that, lithium cell thermal runaway early warning protection system includes:
the real-time detection module is used for carrying out thermal runaway detection on the lithium battery in real time to obtain a first detection data set, a second detection data set and a third detection data set corresponding to the lithium battery;
a prediction parameter obtaining module, configured to obtain a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter, and a third prediction parameter corresponding to the first detection data set, the second detection data set, and the third detection data set by using the first detection data set, the second detection data set, and the third detection data set;
The early warning judging module is used for acquiring comprehensive parameters by utilizing the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters and judging whether to perform thermal runaway early warning on the lithium battery or not through the comprehensive parameters;
the prediction parameter acquisition module comprises:
a first prediction parameter acquisition model for acquiring a first prediction parameter by using the first detection data set in combination with a first comprehensive model;
the first prediction parameters are as follows:
U 1 ＝f(V ij )·λ 1 +f(T ij )·λ 2 +f(P ij )·λ 3
wherein U is 1 Representing a first prediction parameter; v (V) ij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented, and i=1, 2, … …, m, j=1, 2, … …, n; t (T) ij Representing a battery temperature value corresponding to a jth lithium battery in an ith unit time; p (P) ij Representing the battery air pressure value corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery;
specifically, f (V ij )、f(T ij ) And f (P) ij ) The corresponding model of (a) is as follows:
wherein abs () represents a positive value in which the calculation result is a positive number among a plurality of calculation results generated by the function in brackets; m is m abs1 The number of the voltage difference values of the lithium batteries in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is positive; m is m abs2 The number of the temperature difference values of the lithium battery being positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; m is m abs3 The number of the lithium battery air pressure difference values which are positive values in the ith unit time and the ith-1 th unit time is represented; c (C) 1 Indicating that the voltage rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds the voltage rising amplitude consistency difference index delta V 1 In the cascade lithium batteries, the quantity of the lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time is increased by the lithium batteries with voltage increasing amplitude exceeding the voltage increasing amplitude consistency difference index; c (C) 2 When the temperature rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds a temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation of the lithium battery with the temperature rising amplitude exceeding the temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index in the single time in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; c (C) 3 When the air pressure rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index delta P, the quantity of lithium batteries which are affected by radiation in a unit time by the lithium batteries with the air pressure rising amplitude exceeding the air pressure rising amplitude consistency difference index in the cascade lithium batteries is represented;
at the same time, the weight value lambda 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is: lambda (lambda) 1 The value range of (2) is 0.12-0.18; and lambda is 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 The value condition of (2) is as follows:
wherein k is 1 Represents abs (V) per unit time in a cascade lithium battery ij -V (i-1)j ) The number of lithium batteries of the obtained positive value; k (k) 2 Represents the presence of abs only (V ij -V (i-1)j ) And abs (T) ij -T (i-1)j ) The two lithium batteries are positive values at the same time; k (k) 3 Represents abs (V) ij -V (i-1)j )、abs(T ij -T (i-1)j ) And abs (P) ij -P (i-1)j ) The three items are simultaneously positive lithium battery numbers;
a second prediction parameter acquisition model for acquiring a second prediction parameter by using the second detection data set in combination with a second comprehensive model; wherein the second prediction parameters are as follows:
wherein U is 2 Representing a second predicted parameter; v (V) pij The voltage value of the thermal runaway voltage detection point corresponding to the jth lithium battery in the ith unit time is represented; c (C) 4 Indicating that the voltage drop amplitude of a lithium battery exceeds the voltage drop amplitude consistency difference index DeltaV in a single time 2 In the cascade lithium batteries, the voltage drop amplitude exceeds the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation in a unit time, wherein the quantity of the lithium batteries is equal to the difference index of the voltage drop amplitude;
and a third prediction parameter acquisition model for acquiring a third prediction parameter by using the third detection data set in combination with a third comprehensive model, wherein the third prediction parameter is as follows:
Wherein U is 3 Representing a third predicted parameter; c ej Represents the specific heat capacity of the jth lithium battery; c (C) 2 When the temperature rising amplitude of a lithium battery in a single time exceeds a temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index delta T, the quantity of lithium batteries affected by radiation of the lithium battery with the temperature rising amplitude exceeding the temperature rising amplitude consistency difference index in the single time in the cascade lithium batteries is represented; t (T) j Representing the current battery external surface temperature value corresponding to the jth lithium battery; t (T) 0j The critical temperature of thermal runaway corresponding to the jth lithium battery is represented; t is t j Representing the running time of the current jth lithium battery;
the early warning judging module comprises:
the comprehensive module is used for acquiring the current corresponding comprehensive parameters of the lithium battery by utilizing the first prediction parameters, the second prediction parameters and the third prediction parameters in combination with the parameter comprehensive model;
the early warning module is used for comparing the comprehensive parameters with a comprehensive parameter threshold value, and alarming and disconnecting a power supply channel of the lithium battery when the comprehensive parameters exceed the comprehensive parameter threshold value;
the parameter synthesis model is as follows:
U＝u 1 ·U 1 +u 2 ·U 2 +u 3 ·U 3
wherein U represents a comprehensive parameter; u (U) 1 、U 2 And U 3 Respectively representing a first prediction parameter, a second prediction parameter and a third prediction parameter; u (u) 1 、u 2 And u 3 Respectively representing adjustment coefficients corresponding to the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 And lambda (lambda) 3 Respectively representing the weight values corresponding to the voltage change, the temperature change and the air pressure change of the lithium battery; lambda (lambda) 4 And lambda (lambda) 5 Respectively representing weight coefficients corresponding to the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; q represents target pair monitored by thermal runaway prediction of lithium battery thermal runaway early warning protection systemLike the number of physical quantities; q (Q) 1 、Q 2 And Q 3 Respectively representing the number of physical quantities of the target object adopted in the process of obtaining the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter; ts represents the maximum value of the theoretical transition time between the early warning of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery and the occurrence of the thermal runaway phenomenon; t (T) 1 、T 2 And T 3 And correspondingly representing theoretical transition time from the early warning of the thermal runaway to the occurrence of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery when the thermal runaway phenomenon is caused by the first prediction parameter, the second prediction parameter and the third prediction parameter serving as main factors.
4. The lithium battery thermal runaway warning protection system of claim 3, wherein the real-time detection module comprises:
the first detection module is used for detecting temperature rise, voltage rise and air pressure rise of the lithium battery, and acquiring temperature rise data, voltage rise data and air pressure rise data as a first detection data set;
The second detection module is used for carrying out voltage dip detection on the lithium battery, and obtaining voltage dip data as a second detection data set;
and the third detection module is used for detecting the current heat generation amount of the lithium battery, and obtaining the current total heat generation amount of the lithium battery as a third detection data set.
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