CN106025405B - A kind of power battery fails quick monitoring alarm and method - Google Patents

A kind of power battery fails quick monitoring alarm and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106025405B
CN106025405B CN201610585189.4A CN201610585189A CN106025405B CN 106025405 B CN106025405 B CN 106025405B CN 201610585189 A CN201610585189 A CN 201610585189A CN 106025405 B CN106025405 B CN 106025405B
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thermistor
battery cell
battery
wheatstone bridge
series
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CN106025405A (en
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王云鹏
杨世春
孙康风
徐健
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Beihang University
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Beihang University
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Priority to DE202017103777.0U priority patent/DE202017103777U1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of quick monitoring alarm of power battery failure and methods, for each battery cell thermal failure monitoring, alarming series-parallel in power battery pack, the warning device includes several thermistors, two thermistors sample line, DC power supply and data acquisition board, each thermistor is secured directly or indirectly on series-parallel each battery cell respectively and each thermistor is sequentially connected in series and Wheatstone bridge is integrally formed, data acquisition board acquires the first voltage signal of the first thermistor sampling line transmission based on Wheatstone bridge principle and acquires the second voltage signal of the second thermistor sampling line transmission, calculate the potential difference between first voltage signal and second voltage signal, potential difference is compared judgement with voltage threshold and exports alarm signal when being greater than voltage threshold.The simple exquisiteness of the warning device structure, cost is relatively low, high sensitivity, realizes the real-time monitoring of power battery pack temperature, improves the safety and reliability of power battery pack heat management.

Description

A kind of power battery fails quick monitoring alarm and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium ion, fill more particularly to a kind of quick monitoring, alarming of power battery failure It sets and method.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery has many advantages, such as that specific energy is high, has extended cycle life, and is widely used in portable consumer electronics In, in recent years, as energy-saving and emission-reduction pressure increases, lithium ion battery has gradually obtained in electric car field more and more extensive With.Although the larger raising of the reliability of single lithium ion battery may be implemented in the prior art, failure probability is about For the millionth order of magnitude, but in battery car application, lithium ion battery usually requires big by realizing in series and parallel In groups (i.e. composition battery modules), influencing each other between groups of battery modules be easy to cause battery failure and then causes scale Cell safety accident.Along with electric automobile work condition complexity, and the reliability of the battery management of current electric car is poor, therefore And cannot accomplish to protect comprehensively for the various failures of battery, lithium ion battery failure would generally cause catastrophic failure, cause The safety accident of current electric car takes place frequently, and has seriously affected using and promoting for electric car.
Lithium ion battery failure is primarily referred to as battery and fails because of aging or fail because of thermal runaway.Battery is due to aging Failure refers to that battery capacity constantly decays after battery functions, and internal resistance increase causes power of battery ability to decline, and then leads Cause failure；Usual ageing failure anticipated that, it can use the characterization such as mileage by battery charging and discharging and vehicle.Battery Thermal runaway refers to that battery battery diaphragm after temperature is more than certain critical value melts, and inside battery acutely chemically reacts, and causes quickly The reaction that heat release is even exploded, thermal runaway failure can cause major accident, therefore be the emphasis of battery failure prediction and protection.Mesh The preceding prior art cannot avoid battery thermal runaway completely, therefore focus mainly on improving battery list for the protection of battery thermal runaway Flame resistant heat insulation material is arranged that is, between battery cell or fire proofing is arranged between battery modules, prevents for the thermal stability of body Battery cell thermal runaway or local cell thermal runaway cause entire power battery pack thermal runaway.This passive protection must can not It is few, but battery management usually requires to predict battery thermal runaway in time, current battery management system, which is mostly based on temperature, to be come in advance Battery thermal runaway is surveyed, thousands of batteries monomers are generally included in power battery pack system, if realizing every batteries monomer temperature Monitoring, then need thousands of a temperature sensors, lead to problems such as it is difficult to install, at high cost, therefore so far in the prior art very The whole monitoring that can be realized the temperature of each batteries of power battery monomer less, that is, can not achieve all batteries monomer thermal runaway Monitoring；And when battery thermal runaway will occur, battery surface temperature and internal temperature may have bigger difference, existing to set The measurement method sensibility for setting temperature sensor is lower, so measurement and the serious lag of prediction, easily cause biggish economic damage It becomes estranged security impairments.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to for existing power battery pack system heat management can not be real existing for the monitoring of battery thermal runaway The monitoring of existing all batteries monomer thermal runaway, and, measurement and prediction lower using the measurement method sensibility of temperature sensor The problems such as serious lag, provides a kind of power battery failure quick monitoring alarm, using in series-parallel each battery cell On thermistor is respectively set, and each thermistor is sequentially connected in series the structure that Wheatstone bridge is integrally formed, in conjunction with number It is compared using Wheatstone bridge measurement end potential difference with voltage threshold according to collection plate and judges whether to export alarm signal.The prison Measuring alarming device structure is simple, cost is relatively low, and high sensitivity, practicability are high, realizes each series-parallel battery in power battery pack The real-time monitoring of monomer surface temperature improves the safety and reliability of power battery pack heat management.The invention further relates to one The quick alarming method by monitoring of kind power battery failure.
Technical scheme is as follows:
The quick monitoring alarm of a kind of power battery failure, for each battery cell heat series-parallel in power battery pack Failure monitor alarm, which is characterized in that adopted including several thermistors, two thermistor sampling lines, DC power supply and data Collect plate, each thermistor is secured directly or indirectly on series-parallel each battery cell respectively and each thermistor is sequentially connected in series company It connecing and Wheatstone bridge is integrally formed, the first vertex of the Wheatstone bridge connects DC power supply, and the of the Wheatstone bridge Two vertex sample line by the first thermistor and are connected with data acquisition board, the third vertex ground connection of the Wheatstone bridge, 4th vertex of the Wheatstone bridge samples line by the second thermistor and is connected with data acquisition board；The data acquisition Plate acquires the first voltage signal and acquisition the second temperature-sensitive electricity of the first thermistor sampling line transmission based on Wheatstone bridge principle The second voltage signal of resistance sampling line transmission, calculates the potential difference between the first voltage signal and second voltage signal, will The potential difference is compared judgement with voltage threshold and exports alarm signal when being greater than voltage threshold.
The respectively arranged thermistor number being sequentially connected in series is all the same on four bridge arms of the Wheatstone bridge.
When each thermistor is arranged on battery cell indirectly, the monitoring alarm further includes thermally conductive sheet, described Thermally conductive sheet is arranged in the battery modules that more than two battery cells are formed and is made in battery modules by the thermally conductive sheet Battery cell operating temperature is with uniformity, and the thermistor is arranged on thermally conductive sheet.
The thermally conductive sheet is copper sheet, and the middle position of copper sheet is arranged in the thermistor.
The voltage threshold is -0.5~+0.5V.
The thermistor is posive temperature coefficient thermistor.
The direct current power source voltage value is 5V；
And/or the monitoring alarm further includes temperature sensor and temperature sampling line, the temperature sensor setting In on any one of battery cell and the temperature sensor is connected with data acquisition board by temperature sampling line；
And/or the monitoring alarm further includes voltage sample line, between the adjacent battery cell of any two It is connected by voltage sample line with data acquisition board.
The quick alarming method by monitoring of a kind of power battery failure, for each battery cell heat series-parallel in power battery pack Failure monitor alarm, which is characterized in that thermistor directly or indirectly is respectively set on series-parallel each battery cell, it will be each The thermistor, which is sequentially connected in series, is integrally formed Wheatstone bridge, and the first vertex of the Wheatstone bridge is connected direct current Second vertex of the Wheatstone bridge is sampled line by the first thermistor and is connected with data acquisition board, by institute by power supply State Wheatstone bridge third vertex ground connection, by the 4th vertex of the Wheatstone bridge by the second thermistor sample line with Data acquisition board is connected；Then Wheatstone bridge principle is based on by the data acquisition board and acquires the first thermistor sampling line The first voltage signal of transmission and the second voltage signal for acquiring the sampling line transmission of the second thermistor, calculate the first voltage Potential difference between signal and second voltage signal, then the potential difference is compared judgement with voltage threshold and is being greater than electricity Alarm signal is exported when pressing threshold value.
The respectively arranged thermistor number being sequentially connected in series is homogeneous on four bridge arms of the Wheatstone bridge formed Together；
It is in more than two batteries and/or when thermistor is respectively set on series-parallel each battery cell indirectly Thermally conductive sheet is set in the battery modules that monomer is formed and the work temperature of the battery cell in battery modules is made by the thermally conductive sheet Spend it is with uniformity, by thermistor be arranged on thermally conductive sheet.
Temperature sensor is set on any one of battery cell and the temperature sensor is passed through into temperature sampling Line is connected with data acquisition board；
And/or it will be connected by voltage sample line with data acquisition board between the adjacent battery cell of any two It connects.
Technical effect of the invention is as follows:
The quick monitoring alarm of a kind of power battery failure of the present invention, for each battery in power battery pack Monomer thermal failure monitoring, alarming, using thermistor, and each thermistor are respectively set on series-parallel each battery cell It is sequentially connected in series the structure that Wheatstone bridge is integrally formed, combined data collection plate utilizes Wheatstone bridge measurement end (i.e. favour Between the second vertex and the 4th vertex of stone electric bridge) potential difference be compared with voltage threshold judge whether export alarm signal Number.The simple exquisite, wiring of the monitoring alarm structure is simply, cost is relatively low, the high, practicability using sensitivity of thermistor Height dexterously utilizes Wheatstone bridge measurement end potential difference indirect reaction/embodiment battery cell surface temperature change, can be with needle Early warning is carried out to the thermal runaway of battery cells all in power battery pack, overcomes present battery heat management all electricity unable to monitor Slower problem is reacted in pond monomer temperature and thermal runaway early warning, realizes each series-parallel battery cell surface in power battery pack The real-time monitoring and failure prediction of temperature, and detection accuracy and early warning speed are improved, improve power battery pack heat pipe The safety and reliability of reason.
Each thermistor can be set up directly on respectively on series-parallel each battery cell, i.e., uniformly distributed on each battery cell surface Set thermistor；Or each thermistor is arranged in indirectly respectively on series-parallel each battery cell, at this time by thermally conductive Piece is arranged thermally conductive sheet in battery modules and makes in battery modules for the battery modules that more than two battery cells are formed Battery cell operating temperature is with uniformity, and thermistor is arranged on thermally conductive sheet in realization and battery modules and battery modules Battery cell be indirectly connected with, thermally conductive sheet can preferably conduct heat, not only contribute in this way in battery modules battery cell work Temperature consistency, and be conducive to the temperature of multiple battery cells in single thermosensitive resistance measurement battery modules, further drop Low cost and space.When some battery cell temperature in battery modules is higher, also can quickly reflect on thermistor, And then realize all battery cell temperature monitorings in battery modules.
The invention further relates to a kind of quick alarming method by monitoring of power battery failure, alarming method by monitoring of the present invention It is corresponding with the above-mentioned power battery quick monitoring alarm of failure, it will be appreciated that be based on above-mentioned power proposed by the present invention The alarming method by monitoring that the quick monitoring alarm of battery failure is realized, alarming method by monitoring application is simple, and practicability is high, It may be implemented efficiently, quickly and accurately that power battery fails quick monitoring, alarming, and improve integral power battery pack heat management Safety and reliability and battery cell failure Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time ability, it is dynamic to be suitable for new green environment protection electric vehicle The popularization and use of power battery pack heat management monitoring.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that power battery of the present invention fails the structural schematic diagram of quick monitoring alarm.
Fig. 2 is that power battery of the present invention fails a kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of quick monitoring alarm.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the thermistor of the connection of Wheatstone bridge involved in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of thermistor arrangement of the present invention.
Each label lists as follows in figure:
1- data acquisition board；2- battery cell；3- thermistor；4- voltage sample line；5- temperature sensor；6- Temperature sampling line；The first thermistor of 701- samples line；The second thermistor of 702- samples line；8- thermistor connecting line； 9- thermally conductive sheet.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The invention discloses a kind of quick monitoring alarms of power battery failure, for each battery in power battery pack Monomer thermal failure monitoring, alarming, as shown in Figure 1, including 3, two thermistor sampling lines 701 and 702 of several thermistors, straight Galvanic electricity source and data acquisition board 1, each thermistor 3 are secured directly or indirectly on series-parallel each battery cell 2 and each respectively Thermistor 3, which is sequentially connected in series, is integrally formed Wheatstone bridge, and the first vertex of Wheatstone bridge connects DC power supply, Hui Si Second vertex of energization bridge samples line 701 by the first thermistor and is connected with data acquisition board 1, the third of Wheatstone bridge Vertex ground connection, the 4th vertex of Wheatstone bridge sample line 702 by the second thermistor and are connected with data acquisition board 1；Number The first voltage signal and acquisition that first thermistor sampling line 701 transmits are acquired based on Wheatstone bridge principle according to collection plate 1 Second thermistor samples the second voltage signal that line 702 transmits, and calculates between first voltage signal and second voltage signal Potential difference is compared judgement with voltage threshold and exports alarm signal when being greater than voltage threshold by potential difference.In other words, The present invention utilizes Wheatstone bridge measurement end (i.e. between the second vertex and the 4th vertex of Wheatstone bridge) potential difference reaction/body The temperature change on existing 2 surface of battery cell, and then provide warning information.
The number of thermistor 3 on four bridge arms of above-mentioned Wheatstone bridge may be the same or different, as long as root Corresponding voltage threshold is rationally set according to application request to carry out accurately and precisely multilevel iudge and export alarm signal ?.It will be appreciated that (being usually made of several battery modules) in practical application in power battery pack, battery mould The number of series-parallel battery cell is usually even number in group, and usually can be correspondingly divided into four groups of composition thermistors Four bridge arms of the identical Wheatstone bridge of number, so corresponding voltage threshold can be set to -0.5~+0.5V at this time.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is that power battery of the present invention fails a kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of quick monitoring alarm, In, Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the thermistor 3 of the connection of Wheatstone bridge involved in Fig. 2.As shown in Figures 2 and 3,12 Battery cell 2 constitutes a battery modules in power battery pack by way of series connection, in 12 concatenated each batteries (i.e. 2 surface of battery cell) corresponds respectively on monomer 2 is directly arranged 12 3 (i.e. R of thermistor1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、 R7、R8、R9、R10、R11And R12), which can be posive temperature coefficient thermistor, preferably PT100, at 0 DEG C Resistance value is 100 Ω, and the resistance value at 100 DEG C is 138.5 Ω；As shown in figure 3, thermistor 3 is connected by thermistor Line 8, which is sequentially connected in series, is integrally formed Wheatstone bridge, and the first vertex of Wheatstone bridge connects DC power supply Vcc(in low pressure control In system application, V can be setccVoltage value is 5V), the second vertex of Wheatstone bridge samples line 701 by the first thermistor It is connected with data acquisition board 1 and (is not shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), the third vertex of Wheatstone bridge is grounded GND, favour stone electricity 4th vertex of bridge samples line 702 by the second thermistor and is connected with data acquisition board 1 and (is not shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3)； Data acquisition board 1 acquires the first voltage signal of the first thermistor sampling transmission of line 701 based on Wheatstone bridge principle and adopts Collect the second voltage signal that the second thermistor sampling line 702 transmits, calculates between first voltage signal and second voltage signal Potential difference, potential difference is compared with voltage threshold to judgement and exports alarm signal when being greater than voltage threshold.Such as Fig. 3 institute Showing, it is 3 that the respectively arranged thermistor number being sequentially connected in series is all the same on four bridge arms of the Wheatstone bridge, therefore And corresponding voltage threshold can be set to -0.5~+0.5V at this time.
Each thermistor 3 can be set up directly on respectively on series-parallel each battery cell 2, i.e., on each 2 surface of battery cell It is arranged with thermistor 3.3 arrangement of thermistor can also be as shown in figure 4, when battery be arranged in each thermistor indirectly When on monomer, which further includes thermally conductive sheet 9, and the battery that more than two battery cells 2 are formed is arranged in thermally conductive sheet 9 Make 2 operating temperature of battery cell in battery modules with uniformity in mould group and by thermally conductive sheet 9, thermistor 3 is arranged On thermally conductive sheet 9；Thermally conductive sheet 9 is preferably copper sheet and thermistor 3 is arranged in the middle position of copper sheet, to realize preferable pass Thermal effect not only realizes the temperature that single thermistor 3 measures multiple batteries in parallel connection monomers 2 in this way, and it is more to be more advantageous to guarantee The temperature consistency of a battery cell 2.It in practical applications, such as may be lesser such as using capacity for certain battery modules 18650 batteries, it usually needs multiple battery cells 2 are first in parallel to connect again to constitute battery modules, for such battery modules, The battery cell 2 of multiple parallel connection then can only arrange a thermistor 3 in the manner described above, further reduce costs and Space can quickly be reflected thermally conductive when the temperature of some battery cell 2 in plurality of batteries in parallel connection monomer 2 is higher On the thermistor 3 being arranged on piece 9, to realize the monitoring of all 2 temperature of battery cell in battery modules.
It is highly preferred that quick monitoring alarm further includes temperature as shown in Fig. 2, power battery proposed by the present invention fails Sensor 5 and temperature sampling line 6, temperature sensor 5 is set on any one battery cell 2 and temperature sensor 5 passes through temperature Degree sampling line 6 is connected with data acquisition board 1, temperature sensor 5 can arrange according to actual needs it is several, such as can be every It is respectively provided with one on a 2 surface of battery cell, embodiment as shown in Figure 2 only arranges one, further can directly monitor electricity The surface temperature of each battery cell 2 in Chi Mo group, to realize the auxiliary to monitoring alarm proposed by the present invention；The monitoring report Alarm device further includes voltage sample line 4, passes through voltage sample line 4 and number between any two adjacent battery cells 2 Be connected according to collection plate 1, voltage sample line 4 can arrange according to actual needs it is several, such as can be in every two battery cell 2 Between draw one, embodiment as shown in Figure 2 only arranges two, and (battery modules in Fig. 2 amount to 12 batteries monomers 2 string Connection, can draw 13 voltage sample lines 4), it further can directly acquire in battery modules between every two battery cell 2 Voltage value, to realize the auxiliary to monitoring alarm proposed by the present invention.
The fail working principle of quick monitoring alarm of power battery of the present invention is described as follows:
With reference to Fig. 3,12 3 (i.e. R of thermistor1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11And R12) pass through temperature-sensitive electricity Resistance connecting line 8 is sequentially connected in series and constitutes Wheatstone bridge, and the first vertex of Wheatstone bridge connects DC power supply Vcc, Hui Si Second vertex of energization bridge samples line 701 by the first thermistor and is connected with data acquisition board 1, the third of Wheatstone bridge Vertex is grounded GND, and the 4th vertex of Wheatstone bridge samples line 702 by the second thermistor and is connected with data acquisition board 1； Wheatstone bridge connection type is applied to sensitivity with higher when measurement resistance, is had according to circuit balancing principle:
(R1+R2+R3)/(R4+R5+R6)=(R10+R11+R12)/(R7+R8+R9) (1)
Wherein, R1=R2=R3=R4=R5=R6=R7=R8=R9=R10=R11=R12, the resistance value at 0 DEG C is 100 Ω, the resistance value at 100 DEG C are 138.5 Ω；Corresponding voltage threshold can be set to -0.5~+0.5V at this time.
From formula (1) as can be seen that when the normal work of battery cell 2 each in battery modules, the table of each battery cell 2 Face temperature-difference is little, and circuit is in equilibrium state, so Wheatstone bridge measurement end (i.e. the second vertex of Wheatstone bridge and Between 4th vertex) there is no potential difference, i.e. potential difference between first voltage signal and second voltage signal is 0, falls into voltage In threshold range, therefore it is judged as normal condition and does not export alarm signal；When some battery cell 2 in battery modules occurs When abnormal work, the surface temperature of the battery cell 2 changes, causes resistance variations, usually temperature steeply rise, resistance Value increased dramatically, and each 2 temperature difference of battery cell is caused to differ greatly, and circuit is in non-equilibrium state, so Wheatstone bridge measures Holding (i.e. between the second vertex and the 4th vertex of Wheatstone bridge), there are potential differences, i.e. first voltage signal and second voltage letter Potential difference between number is not 0, when its numerical value is beyond outside voltage threshold range, is judged as abnormal state and output alarm signal Number, it preferably can be set are as follows: when its numerical value is beyond outside voltage threshold range, judge that battery i.e. may hair for abnormal state Raw dangerous, then exporting level-one alarm signal reduces battery charging and discharging electric current to higher level's battery management system to control, so that battery 2 surface temperature of monomer reduces, so that Wheatstone bridge measurement end potential difference is fallen after rise within the scope of voltage threshold, then solution of alarming It removes；If its numerical value exports secondary alarm signal to higher level's battery management beyond the outer certain time of voltage threshold range System carries out the processing such as second-level alarm investigation to control, and rapidly and efficiently judges battery cell operation irregularity to realize, in turn Whether monitoring battery cell failure, and battery thermal runaway can be further predicted accordingly.
It fails quick alarming method by monitoring the invention further relates to a kind of power battery, for series-parallel in power battery pack Each battery cell thermal failure monitoring, alarming, the specific steps are as follows: directly or indirectly set respectively on series-parallel each battery cell Thermistor is set, each thermistor is sequentially connected in series, Wheatstone bridge is integrally formed, by the first vertex of Wheatstone bridge DC power supply (in low voltage control application, it is 5V that its voltage value, which can be set) is connected, the second vertex of Wheatstone bridge is led to It crosses the first thermistor sampling line to be connected with data acquisition board, the third vertex of Wheatstone bridge is grounded, by favour stone electricity 4th vertex of bridge samples line by the second thermistor and is connected with data acquisition board；Then by data acquisition board be based on favour this Logical electrical bridge principle acquires the first voltage signal of the first thermistor sampling line transmission and acquisition the second thermistor sampling line passes Defeated second voltage signal, calculates the potential difference between first voltage signal and second voltage signal, then by potential difference and voltage Threshold value is compared judgement and exports alarm signal when being greater than voltage threshold.
It preferably, is in more than two electricity when thermistor is respectively set on series-parallel each battery cell indirectly Thermally conductive sheet is set in the battery modules that pond monomer is formed and makes the battery cell operating temperature in battery modules by thermally conductive sheet It is with uniformity, thermistor is arranged on thermally conductive sheet, which is preferably copper sheet and sets in the middle position of copper sheet Set thermistor；Thermistor can be posive temperature coefficient thermistor, preferably PT100；
Further, the respectively arranged thermistor number being sequentially connected in series on four bridge arms of the Wheatstone bridge of formation All the same, then correspondingly voltage threshold is -0.5~+0.5V at this time；
It is highly preferred that temperature sensor can be arranged on any one battery cell and the temperature sensor passes through temperature Sampling line is connected with data acquisition board, and the temperature on any one battery cell surface is monitored with real-time acquisition；
It can also will be connected by voltage sample line with data acquisition board between the adjacent battery cell of any two, with Voltage value (i.e. each node voltage value in battery modules) between the adjacent battery cell of any two of acquisition monitoring in real time.
It should be pointed out that specific embodiment described above can make those skilled in the art that the present invention be more fully understood It creates, but do not limit the invention in any way is created.Therefore, although this specification creates the present invention referring to drawings and examples It makes and has been carried out detailed description, it will be understood by those skilled in the art, however, that still can modify to the invention Or equivalent replacement, in short, the technical solution and its improvement of all spirit and scope for not departing from the invention, should all contain It covers in the protection scope of the invention patent.

Claims (8)

  1. The quick monitoring alarm 1. a kind of power battery fails, loses for each battery cell heat series-parallel in power battery pack Imitate monitoring, alarming, which is characterized in that including several thermistors, two thermistor sampling lines, DC power supply and data acquisition Plate, each thermistor is secured directly or indirectly on series-parallel each battery cell respectively and each thermistor is sequentially connected in series It is integrally formed Wheatstone bridge, the first vertex of the Wheatstone bridge connects DC power supply, and the second of the Wheatstone bridge Vertex samples line by the first thermistor and is connected with data acquisition board, the third vertex ground connection of the Wheatstone bridge, institute The 4th vertex for stating Wheatstone bridge samples line by the second thermistor and is connected with data acquisition board；The data acquisition board The first voltage signal and the second thermistor of acquisition of the sampling line transmission of the first thermistor are acquired based on Wheatstone bridge principle The second voltage signal for sampling line transmission, calculates the potential difference between the first voltage signal and second voltage signal, by institute It states potential difference to be compared judgement with voltage threshold and export alarm signal when being greater than voltage threshold, when each thermistor is indirect It is arranged when on battery cell, the monitoring alarm further includes thermally conductive sheet, and the thermally conductive sheet is arranged in more than two batteries In the battery modules that monomer is formed and by the thermally conductive sheet battery cell operating temperature in battery modules is had consistent Property, the thermistor is arranged on thermally conductive sheet；Each thermistor is posive temperature coefficient thermistor.
  2. The quick monitoring alarm 2. power battery according to claim 1 fails, which is characterized in that the favour stone electricity The respectively arranged thermistor number being sequentially connected in series is all the same on four bridge arms of bridge.
  3. The quick monitoring alarm 3. power battery according to claim 1 or 2 fails, which is characterized in that described thermally conductive Piece is copper sheet, and the middle position of copper sheet is arranged in the thermistor.
  4. The quick monitoring alarm 4. power battery according to claim 2 fails, which is characterized in that the voltage threshold For -0.5~+0.5V.
  5. The quick monitoring alarm 5. power battery according to claim 1 or 2 fails, which is characterized in that the direct current Supply voltage value is 5V；
    And/or the monitoring alarm further includes temperature sensor and temperature sampling line, the temperature sensor, which is set to, appoints On one battery cell of meaning and the temperature sensor is connected by temperature sampling line with data acquisition board；
    And/or the monitoring alarm further includes voltage sample line, is passed through between the adjacent battery cell of any two Voltage sample line is connected with data acquisition board.
  6. The quick alarming method by monitoring 6. a kind of power battery fails, loses for each battery cell heat series-parallel in power battery pack Imitate monitoring, alarming, which is characterized in that thermistor, Jiang Gesuo directly or indirectly is respectively set on series-parallel each battery cell It states thermistor and is sequentially connected in series and Wheatstone bridge is integrally formed, the first vertex of the Wheatstone bridge is connected into direct current Second vertex of the Wheatstone bridge is sampled line by the first thermistor and is connected with data acquisition board by source, will be described The third vertex of Wheatstone bridge is grounded, and the 4th vertex of the Wheatstone bridge is sampled line and number by the second thermistor It is connected according to collection plate；Then Wheatstone bridge principle is based on by the data acquisition board and acquires the first thermistor sampling line biography The second voltage signal of defeated first voltage signal and acquisition the second thermistor sampling line transmission, calculates the first voltage letter Potential difference number between second voltage signal, then the potential difference is compared judgement with voltage threshold and is being greater than voltage Alarm signal is exported when threshold value, when thermistor is respectively set on series-parallel each battery cell indirectly, be two with Thermally conductive sheet is set in the battery modules that upper battery cell is formed and makes the battery cell in battery modules by the thermally conductive sheet Operating temperature is with uniformity, and thermistor is arranged on thermally conductive sheet.
  7. The quick alarming method by monitoring 7. power battery according to claim 6 fails, which is characterized in that the favour of formation The respectively arranged thermistor number being sequentially connected in series is all the same on four bridge arms of stone electric bridge.
  8. The quick alarming method by monitoring 8. power battery according to claim 6 or 7 fails, which is characterized in that any one Temperature sensor is set on a battery cell and the temperature sensor is passed through into temperature sampling line and data acquisition board phase Connection；
    And/or it will be connected by voltage sample line with data acquisition board between the adjacent battery cell of any two.
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