CN109521315A - Method and device for detecting internal short circuit of battery and automobile - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting internal short circuit of battery and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN109521315A CN109521315A CN201811375653.2A CN201811375653A CN109521315A CN 109521315 A CN109521315 A CN 109521315A CN 201811375653 A CN201811375653 A CN 201811375653A CN 109521315 A CN109521315 A CN 109521315A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting internal short circuit of a battery and an automobile. The method for detecting the internal short circuit of the battery comprises the following steps: acquiring a first voltage drop rate threshold and a second temperature rise rate threshold of the battery; acquiring a first voltage reduction rate value of the battery and a second temperature rise rate value of the battery; and if the first voltage drop rate value is greater than the first voltage drop rate threshold value and the second temperature rise rate value is greater than the second temperature rise rate threshold value, determining that the battery is internally short-circuited. The embodiment of the invention solves the problem that the current detection method cannot conveniently and accurately judge whether the interior of the battery is short-circuited in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile power cell more particularly to a kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection methods, dress
It sets and automobile.
Background technique
When testing battery management system, find in internal battery pack short-circuit detecting, different batteries or
Under different use environments, the Rule of judgment that short circuit occurs can be varied, such as the influence of temperature, the influence of battery core capacity.
Currently, the lithium ion battery that Vehicular dynamic battery generally can select specific energy height and have extended cycle life, safety
Emphasis always concerned by people.In actual use, the internal short-circuit of battery will cause thermal runaway phenomenon, and thermal runaway is electricity
Therefore one of the common cause of pond explosion on fire in present battery management system, can all be added to internal short-circuit of battery phenomenon
Detection.Common detection method has following four:
(1) electric current in entire circuit is monitored.This method suitable for the circuit that a section or a small amount of battery are composed in series, and
On-vehicle battery packet is usually by several battery modules, series connection tens or batteries up to a hundred.Wherein batteries short circuit, is difficult at once
Reflect in external total current, especially in charge and discharge process, electric current inherently dynamic change, thus cannot it is accurate and
When the short circuit phenomenon reflected inside entire battery pack.
(2) heat detection.The temperature change of battery is detected by pasting thermistor in battery surface, according to battery temperature
Increase rate to determine whether occur short circuit.This method easily causes erroneous judgement, because on-vehicle battery energy itself is larger, and
And heat dissipation quality and battery system the case where whether having radiator and at that time weather itself have relationship, therefore be difficult to lead to
Excess temperature variation directly judges whether that internal short-circuit phenomenon has occurred.
(3) monomer voltage abnormality detection.This is to use more method at present, employed in patent CN 106932722A
Mode be the deviation obtained between the end voltage of each battery and average voltage, when there are the corresponding deviations of any battery
When greater than safety door limit value, determine that there are the internal short-circuit hidden danger of battery.This method needs to calculate each batteries and average electricity
Corresponding deviation is pressed, is haveed the shortcomings that computationally intensive；And after multiple charge and discharge, the consistency of battery itself can become
Difference, this two o'clock can correctness to testing result and timeliness impact.
(4) capacity abnormality detection.The detection method used in 1821801 A of patent CN are as follows: by judge charging capacity with
The size of reference capacity determines, when charging capacity is higher than reference capacity, reports internal short circuit fault, otherwise, battery status
Normally.Using this method be necessary to ensure that charging capacity judgement be accurately, if calculate or parameter error, all can not be correct
The case where judging failure.10256511 B of patent CN combines (3) and (4), while detecting the voltage and battery of battery
The difference of capacity determines whether short circuit occur according to the two jointly, and this method can accurately identify short circuit phenomenon, but
It is to need just to be judged in charge and discharge cut-off, early warning cannot be issued in the first time of short circuit.
Therefore, detection method cannot facilitate in real time accurately whether short circuit determines to inside battery at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of internal short-circuit of battery detection method, device and automobile,
Solve the problems, such as that current detection method cannot facilitate in real time accurately whether short circuit determines to inside battery.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of detection method of internal short-circuit of battery is provided, comprising:
Obtain the first voltage fall off rate threshold value and second temperature increase rate threshold value of battery；
Obtain the first voltage fall off rate value of the battery and the second temperature increase rate value of the battery；
If the first voltage fall off rate value is greater than the first voltage fall off rate threshold value, and the second temperature liter
High-speed value is greater than the second temperature increase rate threshold value, it is determined that the internal short-circuit of battery.
Optionally, the first voltage fall off rate threshold value of battery is obtained, comprising:
Obtain loop current, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, rated capacity and the pressure drop rate of battery；
According to the loop current of the battery, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, rated capacity and pressure drop rate,
By following formula, the first voltage fall off rate threshold value is obtained:
Wherein, U1For the first voltage fall off rate threshold value, UcharFor the charge cutoff voltage, UdiscIt is put to be described
Electric blanking voltage, C are the rated capacity, are the pressure drop rate, I1For the loop current.
Optionally, the second temperature increase rate threshold value of battery is obtained, comprising:
According to the classification and use environment of the battery, the second temperature is obtained by pre-set configuration file and is increased
Rate-valve value.
Optionally, the first voltage fall off rate value of the battery is obtained, comprising:
Obtain the first voltage at the battery both ends and the second voltage by first time；
Described first is obtained by following formula according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the first time
Voltage decreasing rate value:
Wherein, U2For the first voltage fall off rate value, U (t2) it is the second voltage, (t1) first voltage,
For the first time.
Optionally, the second temperature increase rate value of the battery is obtained, comprising:
Obtain the first temperature of the battery and the second temperature by first time；
Described second is obtained by following formula according to first temperature, the second temperature and the first time
Temperature increase rate value:
Wherein, T (t2) it is the second temperature, T (t1) it is first temperature, t is the first time, T2It is described
Second temperature increase rate value.
According to another aspect of the invention, a kind of detection device of internal short-circuit of battery is provided, comprising:
First obtains module, for obtaining the first voltage fall off rate threshold value and second temperature increase rate threshold of battery
Value；
Second obtains module, for obtaining the first voltage fall off rate value of the battery and the second temperature of the battery
Spend increase rate value；
Determining module, for being greater than the first voltage fall off rate threshold value in the first voltage fall off rate value, and
When the second temperature increase rate value is greater than the second temperature increase rate threshold value, the internal short-circuit of battery is determined.
Optionally, the first acquisition module includes:
First acquisition unit, for obtaining loop current, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, the specified appearance of battery
Amount and pressure drop rate；
First computing unit, for according to the loop current of the battery, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, volume
Constant volume and pressure drop rate obtain the first voltage fall off rate threshold value by following formula:
Wherein, U1For first voltage fall off rate threshold value, UcharFor the charge cutoff voltage, UdiscIt is cut for the electric discharge
Only voltage, C are the rated capacity, are the pressure drop rate, I1For the loop current.
Optionally, the first acquisition module includes:
Second acquisition unit is obtained for the classification and use environment according to the battery by pre-set configuration file
Take the second temperature increase rate threshold value.
Optionally, the second acquisition module includes:
Third acquiring unit, for obtaining the first voltage at the battery both ends and by the second voltage of first time；
Second computing unit is used for according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the first time, by following
Formula obtains the first voltage fall off rate value:
Wherein, U2For the first voltage fall off rate value, U (t2) it is the second voltage, (t1) first voltage,
For the first time.
Optionally, the second acquisition module includes:
4th acquiring unit, for obtaining the first temperature of the battery and by the second temperature of first time；
Third computing unit is used for according to first temperature, the second temperature and the first time, by following
Formula obtains the second temperature increase rate value:
Wherein, T (t2) it is the second temperature, T (t1) it is first temperature, t is the first time, T2It is described
Second temperature increase rate value.
According to another aspect of the invention, a kind of automobile is provided, the detection dress including the internal short-circuit of battery
It sets.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is:
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of detection method of internal short-circuit of battery, device and automobiles.The present embodiment is main
The phenomenon that voltage decline generated when using battery short circuit and temperature increase, by by the first voltage fall off rate of the battery
Threshold value is compared with first voltage fall off rate value, and the second temperature increase rate value of the battery is warm with described second
Degree increase rate threshold value is compared, and then whether short circuit determines to the inside battery.If the first voltage decline
Rate value is greater than the first voltage fall off rate threshold value, and the second temperature increase rate value is greater than the second temperature liter
High-speed threshold value, it is determined that the internal short-circuit of battery.The present embodiment, can promptly and accurately to inside battery whether short circuit into
Row judgement, ensures the safety of people's vehicle.In addition, the present embodiment is detected for battery cell, it can accurately judge occur
The specific location of the battery of short circuit, convenient for taking countermeasure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the implementation structure charts of the detection method of the internal short-circuit of battery of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 indicates the flow chart of the detection method of the internal short-circuit of battery of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 indicates the structural block diagram of the detection device of the internal short-circuit of battery of the embodiment of the present invention；
One of the simulation block diagram of detection device of internal short-circuit of battery of Fig. 4 expression embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 indicates the two of the simulation block diagram of the detection device of the internal short-circuit of battery of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 indicates the three of the simulation block diagram of the detection device of the internal short-circuit of battery of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 indicates the four of the simulation block diagram of the detection device of the internal short-circuit of battery of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 shows the five of the simulation block diagram of the detection device of the internal short-circuit of battery of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 indicates the six of the simulation block diagram of the detection device of the internal short-circuit of battery of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 indicates the seven of the simulation block diagram of the detection device of the internal short-circuit of battery of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The exemplary embodiment that the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the present invention in attached drawing
Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the present invention without should be by embodiments set forth here
It is limited.It is to be able to thoroughly understand the present invention on the contrary, providing these embodiments, and can be by the scope of the present invention
It is fully disclosed to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment provides a kind of detection methods of internal short-circuit of battery, mainly generate when foundation battery short circuit
Voltage decline and temperature the phenomenon that increasing, by the way that theoretic first voltage fall off rate threshold value and second temperature are increased speed
Rate threshold value is compared with actual first voltage fall off rate value with second temperature increase rate value, to judge that battery pack is
It is no that internal short circuit fault has occurred.If the first voltage fall off rate value is greater than the first voltage fall off rate threshold value, and
The second temperature increase rate value is greater than the second temperature increase rate threshold value, it is determined that the internal short-circuit of battery.
As shown in Figure 1, the detection method of the internal short-circuit of battery is detected for battery cell, it is each by acquiring
Loop current in the temperature of battery cell, voltage and battery pack, by relevant calculation, to inside the battery cell whether
Short circuit is judged.
As shown in Fig. 2, the detection method of the internal short-circuit of battery, comprising:
Step 21, the first voltage fall off rate threshold value and second temperature increase rate threshold value for obtaining battery.
In the present embodiment, the first voltage fall off rate threshold value, in the current use state for the battery, inside is not
Short-circuit state, the velocity maximum of theoretic voltage decline occurs；The second temperature increase rate threshold value is the battery
In the current use state, internal that short-circuit state, theoretic temperature increase rate maximum value do not occur.Under the first voltage
Rate-valve value and the second temperature increase rate threshold value drop, to determine whether the inside battery occurs the judgement of short circuit phenomenon
Benchmark.
Specifically, step 21 includes:
Obtain loop current, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, rated capacity and the pressure drop rate of battery；
According to the loop current of the battery, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, rated capacity and pressure drop rate,
By formula one, the first voltage fall off rate threshold value is obtained:
Formula one:
Wherein, U1For the first voltage fall off rate threshold value, UcharFor the charge cutoff voltage, UdiscIt is put to be described
Electric blanking voltage, C are the rated capacity, are the pressure drop rate, I1For the loop current.
In the present embodiment, the formula, while can according to reality first is that designed according to the voltage response of battery
Data are tested to select the value of pressure drop rate, for determining whether actual pressure drop rate is abnormal under present current value.Wherein, institute
Loop current, the charge cutoff voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage is stated to be obtained by battery management system.The charging is cut
Only the unit of voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage is millivolt (mV).The rated capacity is the specified appearance of the battery cell
Amount, unit are ampere-hour (AH), are specifically set according to the type of the battery cell.The pressure drop rate is greater than zero, according to described
The performance of battery cell is specifically set, such as ferric phosphate lithium cell voltage characteristic is gentler compared with ternary battery, the former pressure drop
Rate can take smaller value, and the pressure drop rate of the latter can take bigger value.
The present embodiment can be dynamic in real time to calculate according to the size of the loop current according to the data acquired in real time
The first voltage fall off rate threshold value, it is ensured that the real-time and correctness of the first voltage fall off rate threshold value, for electricity
The judgement of pond internal short-circuit provides accurate basis.In addition, the present embodiment be applicable to it is characteristic with different voltages
Battery.
Specifically, step 21 further include:
According to the classification and use environment of the battery, the second temperature is obtained by pre-set configuration file and is increased
Rate-valve value.
In the present embodiment, different classes of battery or same category of battery in different use environments, described in
Second temperature increase rate threshold value will be different.The second temperature increase rate threshold value is according to the material of battery, the knot of mould group
Structure is related with the heat-removal modalities of battery pack, can realize that the data of acquisition go to select according to the short circuit of battery pack and battery pack.This
In embodiment, the second temperature increase rate threshold value is obtained by pre-set configuration file, and the configuration file is difference
The second temperature increase rate threshold value of battery under type, different use environments.
The second temperature increase rate of step 22, the first voltage fall off rate value for obtaining the battery and the battery
Value.
In the present embodiment, reduction of speed value under the first voltage, in the current use state for the battery, actual voltage
The rate value of decline；The second temperature increase rate value, in the current use state for the battery, actual temperature increase
Rate value.
Specifically, step 22 includes:
Obtain the first voltage at the battery both ends and the second voltage by first time；
First electricity is obtained by formula two according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the first time
Drops rate value:
Formula two:
Wherein, U2For the first voltage fall off rate value, U (t2) it is the second voltage, (t1) first voltage,
For the first time.
In the present embodiment, the first voltage and the second voltage are obtained, unit by the battery management system
It is millivolt (mV), the unit of the first time is the second (s), can be set according to the computing capability of sampling time and chip
It is fixed.
Specifically, step 22 further include:
Obtain the first temperature of the battery and the second temperature by first time；
Second temperature is obtained by formula three according to first temperature, the second temperature and the first time
Spend increase rate value:
Formula three:
Wherein, T (t2) it is the second temperature, T (t1) it is first temperature, t is the first time, T2It is described
Second temperature increase rate value.
In the present embodiment, first temperature and the second temperature are obtained, unit by the battery management system
It is degree Celsius (DEG C) that the unit of the first time is the second (s).
If step 23, the first voltage fall off rate value are greater than the first voltage fall off rate threshold value, and described the
Two temperature increase rate values are greater than the second temperature increase rate threshold value, it is determined that the internal short-circuit of battery.
Internal short-circuit of battery detection method provided in this embodiment, the main voltage decline generated when utilizing battery short circuit and
The phenomenon that temperature increases, by comparing the first voltage fall off rate threshold value of the battery and first voltage fall off rate value
Compared with, and the second temperature increase rate value of the battery is compared with the second temperature increase rate threshold value, and then right
Whether short circuit is determined the inside battery.If the first voltage fall off rate value is greater than the first voltage fall off rate
Threshold value, and the second temperature increase rate value is greater than the second temperature increase rate threshold value, it is determined that the inside battery
Short circuit.The present embodiment can promptly and accurately to the inside battery, whether short circuit is determined, the safety of effective guarantee people's vehicle.
In addition, the present embodiment is detected for battery cell, the specific location for the battery of short circuit occur, side can be accurately judged
Just countermeasure is taken.
The embodiments of the present invention also provide a kind of detection devices of internal short-circuit of battery, as shown in figure 3, in the battery
The detection device of portion's short circuit includes:
First obtains module 31, for obtaining the first voltage fall off rate threshold value and second temperature increase rate of battery
Threshold value.
Specifically, the first acquisition module 31 includes:
First acquisition unit, for obtaining loop current, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, the specified appearance of battery
Amount and pressure drop rate；
First computing unit, for according to the loop current of the battery, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, volume
Constant volume and pressure drop rate obtain the first voltage fall off rate threshold value by formula one:
Formula one:
Wherein, U1For first voltage fall off rate threshold value, UcharFor the charge cutoff voltage, UdiscIt is cut for the electric discharge
Only voltage, C are the rated capacity, and n is the pressure drop rate, I1For the loop current.
Specifically, described first obtains module 31 further include:
Second acquisition unit is obtained for the classification and use environment according to the battery by pre-set configuration file
Take the second temperature increase rate threshold value.
Second obtain module 32, for obtain the battery first voltage fall off rate value and the battery second
Temperature increase rate value.
Specifically, the second acquisition module 32 includes:
Third acquiring unit, for obtaining the first voltage at the battery both ends and by the second voltage of first time；
Second computing unit, for passing through formula according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the first time
Two, obtain the first voltage fall off rate value:
Formula two:
Wherein, U2For the first voltage fall off rate value, U (t2) it is the second voltage, U (t1) first voltage,
For the first time.
Specifically, the second acquisition module 32 further include:
4th acquiring unit, for obtaining the first temperature of the battery and by the second temperature of first time；
Third computing unit, for passing through formula according to first temperature, the second temperature and the first time
Three, obtain the second temperature increase rate value:
Formula three:
Wherein, T (t2) it is the second temperature, T (t1) it is first temperature, t is the first time, T2It is described
Second temperature increase rate value.
Determining module 33, for being greater than the first voltage fall off rate threshold value in the first voltage fall off rate value,
And the second temperature increase rate value be greater than the second temperature increase rate threshold value when, determine the internal short-circuit of battery.
The detection device of internal short-circuit of battery provided in this embodiment, the voltage generated when mainly utilizing battery short circuit decline
The phenomenon that being increased with temperature, by carrying out the first voltage fall off rate threshold value of the battery and first voltage fall off rate value
Compare, and the second temperature increase rate value of the battery is compared with the second temperature increase rate threshold value, in turn
To the inside battery, whether short circuit determines.If the first voltage fall off rate value is greater than reduction of speed under the first voltage
Rate threshold value, and the second temperature increase rate value is greater than the second temperature increase rate threshold value, it is determined that in the battery
Portion's short circuit.The present embodiment can promptly and accurately to the inside battery, whether short circuit is determined, the peace of effective guarantee people's vehicle
Entirely.In addition, the present embodiment is detected for battery cell, the specific position for the battery of short circuit occur can be accurately judged
It sets, conveniently takes countermeasure.
For the clearer content for embodying the embodiment of the present invention, will be exemplified below:
By taking a automobile-used ternary battery as an example, the voltage rating of the ternary battery is 3.65V, charge cutoff voltage Uchar
For 4.25V, discharge cut-off voltage UdiscFor 2.3V, battery core capacity C be 150AH, pressure drop rate coefficient n is 1.
When loop current is 3A, decline according to the first voltage that the formula one is the computable ternary battery out
Rate-valve value U1, U1=10.83mV/S.
In addition, obtaining the second temperature increase rate threshold value T that the ternary battery is driven in Beijing according to configuration file1
For 0.17 DEG C/S.
According to the formula two and the formula three, the first voltage fall off rate value U of the ternary battery is calculated2With
Two temperature increase rate value T2。
Compare U2And U1、T2And T1Size, if U2>U1And T2>T1, then the ternary internal short-circuit of battery, otherwise, described
Short circuit does not occur for ternary inside battery, continues to repeat detection above and calculates step.
Specifically, simulation model of the detection device of internal short-circuit of battery described in the present embodiment in Matlab software is as schemed
Shown in 4.The simulation model includes the first acquisition module 31, the second acquisition module 32 and the determining module 33.
Wherein, the first acquisition module 31 includes: that first acquisition unit 43, the first computing unit 44 and the second acquisition are single
Member 47.As shown in figure 4, the first acquisition unit 43 is used to obtain the loop current I of battery1, charge cutoff voltage Uchar, put
Electric blanking voltage Udisc, rated capacity C and pressure drop rate n.According to the loop current I1, charge cutoff voltage Uchar, electric discharge cut
Only voltage Udisc, rated capacity C and pressure drop rate n, first computing unit 44 obtains the first voltage by formula one
Fall off rate threshold value U1.As shown in figure 4, the second acquisition unit 47 is for obtaining the second temperature increase rate threshold value T1。
The second acquisition module 32 includes: third acquiring unit 41, the second computing unit 42,45 and of the 4th acquiring unit
Third computing unit 46.As shown in figure 4, the third acquiring unit 41 is for obtaining first voltage U (t1), second voltage U (t2)
With first time t.According to the first voltage U (t1), second voltage U (t2) and first time t, second computing unit 42
By formula two, the first voltage fall off rate value U is obtained2.4th acquiring unit 45 is for obtaining the first temperature T
(t1), first time t and second temperature T (t2).According to the first temperature T (t1), first time t and second temperature T (t2),
The third computing unit 46 obtains the second temperature increase rate value T by formula three2。
The determining module 33, for the first voltage fall off rate value U2With the first voltage fall off rate threshold
Value U1, the second temperature increase rate value T2With the second temperature increase rate threshold value T1It is compared, determines the battery
Whether internal short-circuit is short-circuit.If the first voltage fall off rate value U2Greater than the first voltage fall off rate threshold value U1, and institute
State second temperature increase rate value T2Greater than the second temperature increase rate threshold value T1, it is determined that the internal short-circuit of battery is shown
Show that device 48 shows that observation is 1.Otherwise determine that the inside battery is not short-circuit, display 48 shows that observation is 0.
Wherein, first computing unit 44 simulation model as shown in figure 5, first computing unit 44 according to described
The loop current I that first acquisition unit 43 obtains1, charge cutoff voltage Uchar, discharge cut-off voltage Udisc, rated capacity C and pressure
Reduction of speed rate n obtains the first voltage fall off rate threshold value U by formula one1。
Formula one:
The simulation model of second computing unit 42 as shown in fig. 6, second computing unit 42 according to the third
First voltage U (the t that acquiring unit 41 obtains1), second voltage U (t2) and first time t by formula two obtain described first
Voltage decreasing rate value U2。
Formula two:
The simulation model of the third computing unit 46 as shown in fig. 7, the third computing unit 46 according to the described 4th
The first temperature T (t that acquiring unit 45 obtains1), first time t and second temperature T (t2), by formula three, obtain described
Second temperature increase rate value T2。
Formula three:
The simulation model of the determining module 33 is as shown in figure 8, the determining module 33 includes:
Voltage output constant selecting unit 81 is used for the first voltage fall off rate value U2Under the first voltage
Rate-valve value U drops1It is compared and judges, if the first voltage fall off rate value U2Greater than the first voltage fall off rate
Threshold value U1, then voltage output constant selection 1, is otherwise selected as 0；
Temperature exports constant selecting unit 82, is used for the second temperature increase rate value T2With the second temperature liter
High-speed threshold value T1It is compared and judges, if the second temperature increase rate value T2Greater than the second temperature increase rate
Threshold value T1, then temperature output constant selection 1, is otherwise selected as 0；
Judging unit 83, for temperature output constant and the voltage output constant to be carried out confluence analysis judgement,
If the temperature output constant and the voltage output constant are 1, the internal short-circuit of battery is determined, observation 1 is no
Then determine that the not short-circuit observation of the inside battery is 0.
Below with reference to the simulation model, by taking above-mentioned automobile-used ternary battery as an example, the voltage rating of the ternary battery is
3.65V, charge cutoff voltage UcharFor 4.25V, discharge cut-off voltage UdiscFor 2.3V, battery core capacity C be 150AH, pressure drop rate
Coefficient n is 1.It is under the computable first voltage of the ternary battery out according to the formula one when loop current is 3A
Rate-valve value U drops1, U1=10.83mV/S.In addition, obtaining the ternary battery is driven in Beijing second according to configuration file
Temperature increase rate threshold value T1For 0.17 DEG C/S.
As shown in figure 4, working as U (t1)=3600mV, U (t2)=3000mV, t=5S, T (t1)=20 DEG C, T (t2)=21 DEG C
When, meet U2>U1And T2>T1Condition, determine the ternary internal short-circuit of battery, the display 48 shows that observation is 1.
As shown in figure 9, working as U (t1)=3600mV, U (t2)=3000mV, t=5S, T (t1)=20 DEG C, T (t2)=20.5
DEG C when, T2=0.1 < T1, it is unsatisfactory for U2>U1And T2>T1Condition, determine that short circuit do not occur for the ternary inside battery, it is described aobvious
Show that device 48 shows that observation is 0.
As shown in Figure 10, as U (t2)=3550mV, U (t1)=3600mV, t=5S, T (t1)=20 DEG C, T (t2)=21 DEG C
When, U2=10 < U1, it is unsatisfactory for U2>U1And T2>T1Condition, determine that short circuit, the display do not occur for the ternary inside battery
48 display observations are 0.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of automobile, the detection device including the internal short-circuit of battery.
Above-described is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that the ordinary person of the art is come
It says, can also make several improvements and retouch under the premise of not departing from principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also exist
In protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of detection method of internal short-circuit of battery characterized by comprising
Obtain the first voltage fall off rate threshold value and second temperature increase rate threshold value of battery；
Obtain the first voltage fall off rate value of the battery and the second temperature increase rate value of the battery；
If the first voltage fall off rate value is greater than the first voltage fall off rate threshold value, and the second temperature increases speed
Rate value is greater than the second temperature increase rate threshold value, it is determined that the internal short-circuit of battery.
2. the detection method of internal short-circuit of battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that obtain the first voltage of battery
Fall off rate threshold value, comprising:
Obtain loop current, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, rated capacity and the pressure drop rate of battery；
According to the loop current of the battery, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, rated capacity and pressure drop rate, pass through
Following formula obtain the first voltage fall off rate threshold value:
Wherein, U1For the first voltage fall off rate threshold value, UcharFor the charge cutoff voltage, UdiscIt is cut for the electric discharge
Only voltage, C are the rated capacity, and n is the pressure drop rate, I1For the loop current.
3. the detection method of internal short-circuit of battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that obtain the second temperature of battery
Increase rate threshold value, comprising:
According to the classification and use environment of the battery, the second temperature increase rate is obtained by pre-set configuration file
Threshold value.
4. the detection method of internal short-circuit of battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that obtain the first of the battery
Voltage decreasing rate value, comprising:
Obtain the first voltage at the battery both ends and the second voltage by first time；
The first voltage is obtained by following formula according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the first time
Fall off rate value:
Wherein, U2For the first voltage fall off rate value, U (t2) it is the second voltage, U (t1) first voltage, t is
The first time.
5. the detection method of internal short-circuit of battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that obtain the second of the battery
Temperature increase rate value, comprising:
Obtain the first temperature of the battery and the second temperature by first time；
The second temperature is obtained by following formula according to first temperature, the second temperature and the first time
Increase rate value:
Wherein, T (t2) it is the second temperature, T (t1) it is first temperature, t is the first time, T2It is described second
Temperature increase rate value.
6. a kind of detection device of internal short-circuit of battery characterized by comprising
First obtains module, for obtaining the first voltage fall off rate threshold value and second temperature increase rate threshold value of battery；
Second obtains module, for obtaining the first voltage fall off rate value of the battery and the second temperature liter of the battery
High-speed value；
Determining module, for being greater than the first voltage fall off rate threshold value in the first voltage fall off rate value, and it is described
When second temperature increase rate value is greater than the second temperature increase rate threshold value, the internal short-circuit of battery is determined.
7. the detection device of internal short-circuit of battery according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described first obtains module packet
It includes:
First acquisition unit, for obtain the loop current of battery, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, rated capacity and
Pressure drop rate；
First computing unit, for according to the loop current of the battery, charge cutoff voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, specified appearance
Amount and pressure drop rate by following formula obtain the first voltage fall off rate threshold value:
Wherein, U1For first voltage fall off rate threshold value, UcharFor the charge cutoff voltage, UdiscEnd electricity for the electric discharge
Pressure, C are the rated capacity, and n is the pressure drop rate, I1For the loop current.
8. the detection device of internal short-circuit of battery according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described first obtains module packet
It includes:
Second acquisition unit obtains institute by pre-set configuration file for the classification and use environment according to the battery
State second temperature increase rate threshold value.
9. the detection device of internal short-circuit of battery according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described second obtains module packet
It includes:
Third acquiring unit, for obtaining the first voltage at the battery both ends and by the second voltage of first time；
Second computing unit, for passing through following public affairs according to the first voltage, the second voltage and the first time
Formula obtains the first voltage fall off rate value:
Wherein, U2For the first voltage fall off rate value, U (t2) it is the second voltage, U (t1) first voltage, t is
The first time.
10. the detection device of internal short-circuit of battery according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the second acquisition module
Include:
4th acquiring unit, for obtaining the first temperature of the battery and by the second temperature of first time；
Third computing unit, for passing through following public affairs according to first temperature, the second temperature and the first time
Formula obtains the second temperature increase rate value:
Wherein, T (t2) it is the second temperature, T (t1) it is first temperature, t is the first time, T2It is described second
Temperature increase rate value.
11. a kind of automobile, which is characterized in that the detection including the described in any item internal short-circuit of battery of such as claim 6~10
Device.
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| CN109884542A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-14 | 洛阳理工学院 | The detection method of micro-short circuit failure monomer in lithium iron phosphate dynamic battery and gang mould group |
| CN110276925A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-24 | 华侨大学 | A kind of lithium battery short circuit thermal runaway fire detection method for early warning |
| CN110376530A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-25 | 清华大学 | Battery internal short-circuit detection device and method |
| CN112124076A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-25 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Power battery short circuit detection method, device, automobile, system and storage medium |
| CN113093056A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-07-09 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Method for determining position of short-circuit point in electric core |
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