CN106443490B - A kind of fault diagnosis system of battery short circuit - Google Patents
A kind of fault diagnosis system of battery short circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN106443490B CN106443490B CN201611019758.5A CN201611019758A CN106443490B CN 106443490 B CN106443490 B CN 106443490B CN 201611019758 A CN201611019758 A CN 201611019758A CN 106443490 B CN106443490 B CN 106443490B
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- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of fault diagnosis system of battery short circuit, for detecting the short circuit of the battery cell in battery module, including at least one sub- control end, main control end, wherein battery module includes multiple battery cells.Son control end includes voltage acquisition unit, voltage calculation part, the first judging part, sub- control end test section, the second judging part, sub- control end open portion and information department.Main control end includes main control end receiving unit, main control end open portion, main control end processing unit and warning part.Fault diagnosis system of the invention is in the state of main control end suspend mode, sub- control end low-power consumption, voltage acquisition unit, voltage calculation part, the first judging part, sub- control end test section and the second judging part are still within working condition, so all battery cells can be measured in real time, it still is able to carry out short-circuit warning under electric car off-mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a battery short-circuit fault diagnosis system.
Background
In the face of double pressure of environment and resources, electric automobiles are more and more popular, a power battery pack of the electric automobiles is used as a power source of the electric automobiles and is formed by connecting hundreds of battery monomers in series and parallel, battery capacity is reduced when a battery is short-circuited, consistency of the battery pack is affected, heating explosion of the battery is caused when the battery is short-circuited, thermal runaway is formed in a vehicle-mounted battery pack, and finally serious automobile safety accidents are caused.
An abnormal path in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are connected to each other under the condition that the resistance value of the resistor is very small is called a battery short circuit, and is classified into an external short circuit and an internal short circuit according to the manner of the short circuit. The external short circuit can be simply understood as that one lead directly connects the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery, and the external short circuit possibly exists in the use process of the battery of the electric automobile, including a micro short circuit caused by electric leakage when a voltage measuring line or the battery is balanced to have a fault and a larger external short circuit caused by water inflow, improper maintenance, falling of surrounding parts and the like. In the case of internal short circuit, the function of the diaphragm is lost to prevent electrons from passing through, so that electrons are in a loop in the battery. The lithium battery is improper in manufacturing process, substances such as dust and burrs are mixed in the lithium battery, hidden troubles are buried for later diaphragm damage, and finally internal short circuit is formed.
Most of the short circuits of the batteries are caused in a slow inducing process, the initial phenomena of the short circuits are not obvious, and some sudden short circuits, such as internal short circuits triggered by external parts like collision, or direct strong external short circuits, need a battery management system to make a judgment in time. The battery short circuit does not always occur in the driving process, and when the electric automobile is started, a sudden short circuit problem may also occur, if the battery management system is in a shutdown state at the moment, the short circuit fault cannot be detected, and at the moment, the battery pack has a greater safety risk, so that the battery management system is required to detect the battery in real time.
In the prior art, whether the internal short circuit occurs in the battery is judged according to the voltage drop of the battery after charging and standing: charging the single batteries to enable the charge states of the single batteries to reach a first preset value, standing for a first preset time, and screening out the battery cores with internal short circuits by monitoring the voltage drop of each single battery; adjusting the charge state of each screened single battery to a second preset value; assembling the single batteries with the second preset value into a battery module, and charging the battery module to enable the state of charge of the battery module to reach a third preset value; and standing the battery module for a second preset time at a preset temperature, and judging whether an internal short circuit occurs or not by judging the voltage drop of the battery module. The method interferes with user charging, is difficult to realize in practice, is offline diagnosis, and does not realize sudden short circuit detection under the shutdown condition.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a battery short-circuit fault diagnosis system for detecting the short circuit of a battery monomer in a battery module, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the sub-control terminals correspond to the battery modules one to one; and the main control end is connected with the sub-control end through a communication network, wherein the battery module comprises a plurality of battery monomers, and the sub-control end comprises: voltage acquisition portion, voltage calculation portion, first judgement portion, sub-accuse end detection portion, second judgement portion, sub-accuse end opening part and information transmission portion, the master control end includes: the battery pack comprises a main control end receiving part, a main control end opening part, a main control end processing part and a warning part, wherein the voltage acquisition part is used for acquiring the voltage information of a battery monomer; the voltage calculating part calculates according to a preset method based on the voltage information to obtain a differential voltage difference value; the first judgment part is used for judging whether the differential voltage difference value is smaller than a preset threshold value or not; when the differential voltage value is not less than a preset threshold value, the sub-control end detection part detects to generate detection information and awakening information; the second judgment part judges whether the running state of the sub-control end is in a low power consumption mode; when the running state of the sub-control end is in a low power consumption mode, the sub-control end opening part starts the sub-control end according to the awakening information; the information sending part sends the detection information and the awakening information to the main control end; the main control end receiving part receives the detection information and the awakening information sent by the information sending part; the main control end opening part starts the main control end according to the awakening information; the main control end processing part generates warning processing information according to the detection information; the warning part warns according to the warning processing information.
The invention provides a battery short-circuit fault diagnosis system, which is also characterized in that: when the first judging part judges that the differential voltage difference value is smaller than the preset threshold value, the voltage acquiring part acquires the voltage information of the battery monomer again.
The invention provides a battery short-circuit fault diagnosis system, which is also characterized in that: when the second judging part judges that the running state of the sub-control end is not in the low power consumption mode, the information sending part sends the detection information and the awakening information to the main control end.
The invention provides a battery short-circuit fault diagnosis system, which is also characterized in that: wherein the predetermined method comprises the steps of:
step 1, calculating the average voltage of the voltages of all the battery cells of each battery module respectively:
wherein k is the current time, n is the number of the battery monomers, Ui(k) For the voltage of the ith cell at the current time, Um(k) An average voltage that is the voltage of all the battery cells of each battery module;
step 2, calculating the differential voltage of each battery cell:
Ud,i(k)＝Ui(k)-Um(k)，
wherein, Ud,i(k) The differential voltage of the ith battery cell at the current time is obtained;
step 3, calculating the differential voltage differential value dU of each battery monomer at the current time and the last timed,i(k)：
dUd,i(k)＝Ud,i(k)-Ud,i(k-1)，
Wherein dUd,i(k) And k-1 is the difference voltage difference value of the ith battery cell at the current time and the previous time, and is the previous time of the current time k.
The invention provides a battery short-circuit fault diagnosis system, which is also characterized in that: wherein the preset threshold value is-xR, R is the average internal resistance of the battery, and the value of x is a constant of 5-15.
Action and Effect of the invention
According to the battery short-circuit fault diagnosis system, the voltage acquisition part, the voltage calculation part, the first judgment part, the sub-control end detection part and the second judgment part are still in working states under the states that the main control end is dormant and the sub-control end is low in power consumption, so that all battery cells can be detected in real time, and short-circuit warning can still be performed under the shutdown state of the electric automobile. On the other hand, each sub-control end independently performs measurement, calculation, judgment and information transmission, so that when each sub-control end detects that a short circuit occurs, detection information is transmitted to the main control end, and the main control end can position the single battery with the internal short circuit in the battery pack. The fault diagnosis system of the invention requires fewer input conditions and is the existing data of the battery management system, does not need to increase hardware, and is easy to be implanted into the existing battery management system. In addition, the fault diagnosis system of the invention occupies less hardware resources of the battery management system in the operation process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery short fault diagnostic system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a slave terminal of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the master of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of the fault diagnosis of the battery short circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of a method for diagnosing a short-circuit fault of a battery according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a battery management system of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the battery short-circuit fault diagnosis system 1 is used for detecting a short circuit of a battery cell in a battery module, and includes a plurality of sub-control terminals 11 and a main control terminal 13.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the slave terminal 11 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, each sub-control terminal is connected to a corresponding battery module in the battery pack 3 through a communication line 2, measures the voltage of a battery cell in the battery module, and each sub-control terminal 11 is further connected to the main control terminal through a communication line 12. Each sub-control terminal 11 includes a voltage acquisition unit 14, a temporary storage unit 22, a pre-value storage unit 21, a voltage calculation unit 15, a first determination unit 16, a sub-control terminal detection unit 17, a second determination unit 18, a sub-control terminal activation unit 19, an information transmission unit 20, and a sub-control terminal control unit 23 that controls the above units.
The voltage acquisition unit 14 is used to acquire voltage information of all the battery cells and store the voltage information in the temporary storage unit 22.
The expectation storage section 21 is for storing a predetermined threshold value and a predetermined method, the predetermined method including the steps of:
step 1, calculating the average voltage of the voltages of all the battery cells of each battery module respectively:
wherein k is the current time, n is the number of the battery monomers, Ui(k) For the voltage of the ith cell at the current time, Um(k) An average voltage that is the voltage of all the battery cells of each battery module;
step 2, calculating the differential voltage of each battery cell:
Ud,i(k)＝Ui(k)-Um(k)，
wherein, Ud,i(k) The differential voltage of the ith battery cell at the current time is obtained;
step 3, calculating the differential voltage differential value dU of each battery monomer at the current time and the last timed,i(k)：
dUd,i(k)＝Ud,i(k)-Ud,i(k-1)，
Wherein,dUd,i(k) and k-1 is the difference voltage difference value of the ith battery cell at the current time and the previous time, and is the previous time of the current time k.
The voltage calculating part 15 acquires the voltages of all the battery cells from the temporary storage part 22, calculates the average voltage of the voltages of all the battery cells based on the voltages, and stores the average voltage in the temporary storage part 22, then acquires the average voltage from the temporary storage part 22, calculates the differential voltages of all the battery cells based on the average voltage, and stores the differential voltages in the temporary storage part 22, and finally acquires the differential voltages from the temporary storage part 22, and calculates the differential voltage difference values of all the battery cells based on the differential voltages, and stores the differential voltage difference values in the temporary storage part 22.
The first judgment section 16 acquires a difference voltage difference value between a predetermined threshold value of the preliminary value storage section 21 and the temporary storage section 22, and judges whether or not the difference voltage difference value is smaller than the predetermined threshold value.
When the differential voltage difference value is not less than the predetermined threshold, the sub-control end detection portion 17 detects whether the battery cell is short-circuited or not, obtains a detection result, generates detection information and wake-up information according to the detection result, and stores the detection information and the wake-up information in the temporary storage portion 22.
The second determination section 18 is configured to determine whether the operation state of the sub control terminal 11 is in the low power consumption mode.
When the operation state of the sub-control terminal 11 is in the low power consumption mode, the sub-control terminal opening unit 19 obtains the wake-up information from the temporary storage unit 22, and starts the sub-control terminal 11 according to the wake-up information.
When the sub-control terminal 11 is started or the operation state of the sub-control terminal 11 is not in the low power consumption mode, the information sending part 20 obtains the wake-up information and the wake-up information from the temporary storage part 22 and sends them to the main control terminal 13.
The sub-control terminal control unit 23 includes a computer program for controlling the operation of the voltage acquisition unit 14, the temporary storage unit 22, the preliminary value storage unit 21, the voltage calculation unit 15, the first determination unit 16, the sub-control terminal detection unit 17, the second determination unit 18, the sub-control terminal activation unit 19, and the information transmission unit 20.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the master 13 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the master 13 is connected to the slave 11 through the communication network 12, and includes a master receiving unit 24, a master opening unit 25, a master processing unit 26, an alarm unit 27, and a master control unit 28 for controlling the above units.
The master receiving unit 24 is used to receive the detection information and the wake-up information transmitted from the information transmitting unit 20 of the slave 11.
The master start-up unit 25 acquires the wakeup information of the master reception unit 24, and starts up the master 13 according to the wakeup information.
The master processing unit 26 acquires the detection information of the master receiving unit 24, and generates alarm processing information based on the detection information.
The warning unit 27 acquires warning processing information from the main control processing unit 26, and uploads the warning processing information to the dashboard of the vehicle for display.
The master control unit 28 includes a computer program for controlling the operations of the master receiving unit 24, the master opening unit 25, the master processing unit 26, and the warning unit 27.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the fault diagnosis of the battery short circuit of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the flow of the fault diagnosis of the battery short circuit of the present invention is as follows:
step S1: the voltage acquisition part of each sub-control end acquires the voltage U of all the battery monomers at the current timei(k) Then, the process proceeds to step S2.
Step S2: the voltage calculation part is based on the formulaCalculating the average voltage U of the voltages of all the battery cells at the current timem(k) Then, the process proceeds to step S3。
Step S3: the voltage calculation part calculates the voltage according to the formula Ud,i(k)＝Ui(k)-Um(k) Calculating the differential voltage U of each battery cell at the current timed,i(k) Then, the process proceeds to step S4.
Step S4: the voltage calculating part calculates the voltage according to the formula dUd,i(k)＝Ud,i(k)-Ud,i(k-1) calculating a differential voltage differential value dU of each battery cell between the current time and the previous timed,i(k) Then, the process proceeds to step S5.
Step S5: the first judging part judges the differential voltage difference value dUd,i(k) Whether the difference voltage score is smaller than a preset threshold value or not, and if the difference voltage score is smaller than the preset threshold value, the step S1 is carried out; when the differential electric pressure difference score is not less than the predetermined threshold value, the routine proceeds to step S6.
Step S6: the slave detection unit detects the signal and generates detection information and wake-up information, and the process proceeds to step S7.
Step S7: the second judging part judges whether the operation state of the sub-control end is the low power consumption mode, and when the operation state of the sub-control end is the low power consumption mode, the step S8 is executed; when the operation state of the sub control terminal is not the low power consumption mode, the process proceeds to step S9.
Step S8: the sub-control terminal opening unit starts the sub-control terminal based on the wake-up information, and then proceeds to step S9.
Step S9: the information transmitting part transmits the detection information and the wakeup information to the master and then proceeds to step S10.
Step S10: the master-side receiving section receives the detection information and the wakeup information, and then proceeds to step S11.
Step S11: the master start-up unit starts up the master according to the wakeup information, and then proceeds to step S12.
Step S12: the host processing unit generates alarm processing information based on the detection information, and then proceeds to step S13.
Step S13: the warning part warns according to the warning processing information and then enters an ending state.
Examples effects and effects
According to the fault diagnosis system for the battery short circuit, the voltage acquisition part, the voltage calculation part, the first judgment part, the sub-control end detection part and the second judgment part are still in the working state under the states of the dormancy of the main control end and the low power consumption of the sub-control end, so that all battery monomers can be detected in real time, and the short circuit warning can still be carried out under the shutdown state of the electric automobile. On the other hand, each sub-control end independently performs measurement, calculation, judgment and information transmission, so that when each sub-control end detects that a short circuit occurs, detection information is transmitted to the main control end, and the main control end can position the single battery with the internal short circuit in the battery pack. The fault diagnosis system of the embodiment requires fewer input conditions and is the existing data of the battery management system, does not need to add hardware, and is easy to be implanted into the existing battery management system. In addition, the fault diagnosis system of the invention occupies less hardware resources of the battery management system in the operation process.
Claims (4)
1. A battery short-circuit fault diagnosis system for detecting a short-circuit of a battery cell in a battery module, comprising:
the sub-control ends correspond to the battery modules one to one; and
a main control end connected with the sub-control end through a communication network,
wherein the battery module comprises a plurality of the battery cells,
the sub-control end comprises: a voltage acquisition part, a voltage calculation part, a first judgment part, a sub-control end detection part, a second judgment part, a sub-control end opening part and an information transmission part,
the main control end comprises: a main control end receiving part, a main control end opening part, a main control end processing part and an alarm part,
the voltage acquisition part is used for acquiring voltage information of the battery monomer;
the voltage calculating part calculates according to a preset method based on the voltage information to obtain a differential voltage difference value;
the first judging part is used for judging whether the difference voltage difference value is smaller than a preset threshold value;
when the differential voltage difference value is not smaller than the preset threshold value, the sub-control end detection part detects to generate detection information and awakening information;
the second judgment part judges whether the running state of the sub-control end is in a low power consumption mode or not;
when the running state of the sub-control end is in the low power consumption mode, the sub-control end opening part starts the sub-control end according to the awakening information;
the information sending part sends the detection information and the awakening information to the main control end;
the main control end receiving part receives the detection information and the awakening information sent by the information sending part;
the main control end opening part starts the main control end according to the awakening information;
the main control end processing part generates warning processing information according to the detection information;
the warning part warns according to the warning processing information;
the predetermined method of calculating the differential voltage differential value includes the steps of:
step 1, respectively calculating the average voltage of the voltages of all the battery cells of each battery module:
wherein k is the current time, n is the number of the battery cells, and Ui(k) For the voltage of the ith battery cell at the current time, Um(k) An average voltage of voltages of all the battery cells for each of the battery modules;
step 2, calculating the differential voltage of each battery cell:
Ud,i(k)＝Ui(k)-Um(k)，
in the formula of Ud,i(k) The differential voltage of the ith battery cell at the current time is obtained;
step 3, calculating a differential voltage differential value dU of the ith battery cell between the current time and the last timed,i(k)：
dUd,i(k)＝Ud,i(k)-Ud,i(k-1)，
In the formula, dUd,i(k) And k-1 is the differential voltage difference value of the ith battery cell at the current time and the previous time, and is the previous time of the current time k.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein:
when the first judgment part judges that the differential voltage difference value is smaller than the preset threshold value, the voltage acquisition part acquires the voltage information of the battery monomer again.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein:
when the second judging part judges that the running state of the sub-control end is not in the low power consumption mode, the information sending part sends the detection information and the awakening information to the main control end.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein the preset threshold value is-xR, R is the average internal resistance of the battery, and the value of x is a constant of 5-15.
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| CN108169692A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-06-15 | 华霆（合肥）动力技术有限公司 | The hot monitoring device of battery and method |
| CN108196203B (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2020-07-03 | 湖南小步科技有限公司 | Internal resistance estimation method, device and management system of locomotive storage battery |
| DE102019208572B3 (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-10-22 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for monitoring a battery |
| TWI721591B (en) * | 2019-10-05 | 2021-03-11 | 三陽工業股份有限公司 | Electric vehicle diagnostic method |
| CN111025184B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-12-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Method and device for detecting short circuit of coupler of electric kettle, storage medium and processor |
| CN111430825B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-12-17 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Internal short circuit processing method and device for lithium battery |
| CN111605437B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2022-09-06 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Battery management system and battery management method |
| CN111913113A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-11-10 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for identifying short circuit in electric core, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN112858932B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2022-11-15 | 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 | Battery short circuit thermal runaway early warning device and method thereof |
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| JP4260121B2 (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2009-04-30 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Power supply |
| CN2828836Y (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-10-18 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Safety and correction voltage monitoring device for fuel cell |
| CN100559205C (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2009-11-11 | 长安大学 | Concentration/distribution formula accumulator of electric car group system for inspecting operation parameter |
| CN101953017A (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2011-01-19 | 美商源捷有限公司 | An intelligent fault-tolerant battery management system |
| JP5486780B2 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2014-05-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Battery system |
| JP5221468B2 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2013-06-26 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Battery monitoring device |
| US8089248B2 (en) * | 2009-04-09 | 2012-01-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Battery monitoring and control system and method of use including redundant secondary communication interface |
| CN101692502B (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2011-08-17 | 深圳市航盛电子股份有限公司 | Battery management system |
| KR101926195B1 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2019-02-26 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | Relay welding management apparatus of the parallel battery system and method thereof |
| EP3021450B1 (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2020-03-11 | NGK Insulators, Ltd. | Device and method for specifying where abnormality has occurred in secondary battery system and program |
| CN103399282B (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-07-29 | 清华大学 | Battery cell method for diagnosing faults |
| CN104731044A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-24 | 洪明强 | Lithium battery pile dynamic monitoring and management system |
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