CN116492402A - 一种用于创面修复的中药组合物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于创面修复的中药组合物,它是含有如下重量配比的原料制备而成:大黄1~5份、黄柏1~5份、苍术1~5份、苦参1~5份、皂角刺1~8份、枇杷叶1~5份。本发明中药组合物具有清热解毒,燥湿排脓、化瘀通络的功效,对于急性感染性伤口,见伤口红、肿、灼热、脓性分泌物、疼痛等;慢性伤口有感染征象,如:伤口周围发红、皮肤温度升高、脓性分泌物、味臭、疼痛、肉芽易碎等;创伤性湿疹、处于急性、亚急性期的普通湿疹以及急性痈疡(皮肤、软组织急性感染)见患处皮肤潮红、肿胀、发热、糜烂、渗出、疼痛等表现具有优异的治疗效果,具备实际推广应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种用于创面修复的中药组合物。
背景技术
感染是创面最常见的并发症,感染性创面的存在往往影响创面的愈合。在临床上创面细菌培养是临床准确判断感染的重要标准,而症状以及创面红肿、疼痛、坏死组织、分泌物、臭味、肉芽组织的形态则是判断感染的重要考因素。有研究表明感染性创面的病原菌其有多样性及高耐药率,盲目或经验性抗感染治疗已失去意义,增加细菌耐药风险。
感染性创面的复杂性,高耐药性,强调创面细菌培养,根据创面情况动态监测细菌的变化,指导抗菌药物使用,但这易导致对常用抗菌药物产生耐药性,另一方面也加重患者的经济负担。目前对于感染性创面的中医药治疗的研究较多,例如,CN114569692A公开了一种创面治疗用抗感染中药组合物,其组方偏向于温通、凉血解毒,能减少分泌物的堆积,改善创面,但该组合物以“煨脓生肌”为理论指导,虽有收敛药味,但其药泥或凝胶的制剂形式会加速伤口液化,增加脓液分泌及渗出量,易浸湿敷料,从而增加更换敷料频次,否则易造成伤口浸渍,增加换药周期,给患者带来更多的痛苦,同时从抑菌效果上看,短期内能抑制细菌生长,但效果相对较弱,需要长期使用,因此,有必要开发效果更好,疗程更短的中药复方。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种用于创面修复的中药组合物,它是含有如下重量配比的原料制备而成:
大黄1~5份、黄柏1~5份、苍术1~5份、苦参1~5份、皂角刺1~8份、枇杷叶1~5份。
进一步地,它是含有如下重量配比的原料药制备而成:
大黄1份、黄柏1份、苍术1份、苦参1份、皂角刺1.5份、枇杷叶1份。
进一步地,它是由原料药的药粉、或原料药的水或有机溶剂提取物为活性成分,加上药品上可接受的辅料制备而成的制剂。
更进一步地,所述制剂为外用制剂。
更进一步地,所述外用制剂为溶液剂、喷雾剂、膏剂或乳剂。
本发明还提供了一种前述中药组合物的制备方法,它包括以下步骤:
(1)按照前述配比称取原料;
(2)原料药研为粉末,或原料药的水或有机溶剂提取液,加入药品上常用的辅料或辅助性成分,即得。
本发明最后提供了一种前述的中药组合物在制备修复创面的药物中的用途。
进一步地,所述药物是修复感染性创面的药物。
进一步地,所述药物是修复急性期感染性创面的药物。
进一步地,所述药物是修复急性感染性伤口,伴炎症的慢性伤口,急性、亚急性期创伤性湿疹或普通湿疹,和/或急性皮肤软组织感染的药物。
进一步地,所述药物是减轻伤口疼痛,减少伤口分泌物和/或缩小伤口红肿面积的药物。
本发明用于创面修复的中药组合物中黄柏苦寒气浊,气味俱厚,善清热燥湿、泻火解毒,苍术辛散温燥,通治内外湿邪,二者相伍,一温一寒,清热而不损阳,燥湿之效大增,为二妙散之结构,共为君药,以解急性伤口中之火毒、湿浊,清凉而不留瘀;大黄性寒,解毒消肿、活血止痛,能助黄柏清热解毒,又具凉血、祛瘀活血之功效,以清血中瘀热、畅瘀滞之血行,苦参性寒燥湿止痒,能增强君药清热燥湿之效,二者共为臣药;皂角刺功专消肿托毒、排脓,可消未成之脓,可溃已成之脓,《本草汇言》称其为疡毒药中为第一要剂,枇杷叶取“肺主皮毛”之义,与皂角刺共为佐使,共奏载药、引药力直达病灶的作用。
本发明中药组合物清热燥湿、排脓、化瘀通络作用强,在感染性伤口上使用能快速减轻伤口周围的红肿热痛、改善伤口渗出情况,采用淋洗、湿敷的方式作用于患处,能清洁创面,祛除秽物,同时通过药物的渗透吸收、水合作用,能起到局部抗炎、促使气血流畅、抑制渗出等作用。
经临床实验证明:本发明中药组合物能显著减轻创面伤口疼痛,减少伤口分泌物,抑制伤口细菌,减轻创面及创周皮肤组织的红肿,促进伤口愈合。对于急性感染性伤口,见伤口红、肿、灼热、脓性分泌物、疼痛等;慢性伤口有感染征象,如:伤口周围发红、皮肤温度升高、脓性分泌物、味臭、疼痛、肉芽易碎等;创伤性湿疹、处于急性、亚急性期的普通湿疹以及急性痈疡(皮肤、软组织急性感染)见患处皮肤潮红、肿胀、发热、糜烂、渗出、疼痛等表现具有优异的治疗效果,具备实际推广应用价值。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
附图说明
图1男性患者创面修复图
图2女性患者创面修复图
图3男性患者创面修复图
具体实施方式
本发明具体实施方式中使用的原料、设备均为已知产品,通过购买市售产品获得。
实施例1、本发明组合物的制备
配方:大黄30g、黄柏30g、苍术30g、苦参30g、皂角刺45g、枇杷30g;
制备方法①:按上述重量配比称取各原料药,加900mL水浸泡30分钟,再煎煮30分钟取滤液;再次加入饮用水700mL,煎煮20分钟后取滤液;合并两次滤液,浓缩灭菌即得300mL药液。
制备方法②:按上述重量配比称取各原料药,干燥粉碎过100目筛,即得散剂。
实施例2、本发明药物的制备
配方:大黄40g、黄柏60g、苍术60g、苦参40g、皂角刺30g、枇杷10g;
制备方法①:按上述重量配比称取各原料药,加800mL水浸泡30分钟,再煎煮30分钟取滤液;再次加入饮用水700mL,煎煮20分钟后取滤液;合并两次滤液,浓缩灭菌即得400mL药液。
制备方法②:按上述重量配比称取各原料药,干燥粉碎过100目筛,即得散剂。
实施例3、本发明药物的制备
配方:大黄40g、黄柏80g、苍术60g、苦参30g、皂角刺35g、枇杷20g;
制备方法①:按上述重量配比称取各原料药,加1000mL水浸泡30分钟,再煎煮30分钟取滤液;再次加入饮用水900mL,煎煮20分钟后取滤液;合并两次滤液,浓缩灭菌即得500mL药液。
制备方法②:按上述重量配比称取各原料药,干燥粉碎过100目筛,即得散剂。
以下通过试验例进一步说明本发明的有益效果
试验例1本发明中药组合物修复创面的临床研究
1、药物
1.1.煎煮剂
(1)原料药:大黄10g、黄柏10g、苍术10g、苦参10g、皂角刺15g、枇杷叶10g
(2)制备方法:按上述重量配比称取各原料药;取3剂原料药装入一次性无纺纱布煎药袋,使用符合国家卫生标准的饮用水700mL将药材充分浸泡30分钟;采用煎药机(北京东华原医疗设备有限责任公司生产,型号:YJD13-GL)经武火煮开后文火煎煮,常压下共煎煮30分钟取滤液;再次加入饮用水600mL,煎煮20分钟后取滤液;合并两次滤液,双重过滤后浓缩灭菌得药液300mL,采用中药汤剂包装机(北京东华原医疗设备有限责任公司生产,型号:YB50-250)将药液装入100mL真空包装袋。
1.2散剂
(1)原料药:大黄10g、黄柏10g、苍术10g、苦参10g、皂角刺15g、枇杷叶10g;
(2)制备方法:将原料药混合均匀,低温干燥后粉碎过100目筛,然后将其分装入无纺布药袋内,每袋10克,即得本发明药物组合物散剂。散剂可省去了熬制的负担,方便使用,无需随时熬制。
(3)使用时,用开水冲泡所得散剂,将冲泡水用纱布过滤后冲洗或湿敷于伤处。
2、使用方法
1)外用冲洗伤口,视伤口大小,用注射器抽取“1.1煎煮剂”或“1.2散剂”项下的中药液冲洗伤口。
2)外用湿敷于伤口处,即用纱布浸湿“1.1煎煮剂”或“1.2散剂”项下的中药液,敷贴于伤口上及周围皮肤红肿区域,湿敷15-20分钟后去除中药纱布后再行常规包扎。
3)伤口较深时,可用注射器或输液器胶管插入伤口底部进行冲洗。
注:冲洗和湿敷根据伤口实际情况可以单独选用,也可以联用,联用时可增加中药作用于皮肤的时间,如:伤口坏死组织多、覆盖较厚,可采用冲洗的方式,伤口渗出较多、伤口周围红肿区域可采用湿敷方式。
3、临床疗效评价指标数据采集
①伤口疼痛:采用视觉类比评分(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)。具体方法是使用一条长10厘米的线段,标有10个刻度,两端分别“0”分端和“10”分端,“0”分表示无痛,“10”分代表难以忍受的最剧烈的疼痛,让病人在线段上标出治疗前后能代表自己疼痛程度的相应位置,医师根据病人标出的位置为其评出疼痛程度的分数。分别于治疗前、治疗3d、7d时测量。
②伤口分泌物:参考相关文献【曹东阳.疮灵液载入胶原促进慢性感染性创面愈合的实验与临床研究[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2014.】,采用创面分泌物评分表评测,对分泌物的形质、色泽、气味、性状、性状、渗液量进行评分,评分介于0~28分。分别于治疗前、治疗3d、7d时评测。
③创周红肿:参照《中医病证诊断疗效标准》【国家中医药管理局.中医病证诊断疗效标准[M].南京:南京大学出版社出版,1994.】,用刻度尺计算红肿范围;
0分:无红肿;
1分:红肿距伤口边缘<0.5cm;
2分:红肿距伤口边缘0.5~1cm;
3分:红肿距伤口边缘>1cm。
④细菌生长:采用细菌培养法检测,分别于治疗前、治疗7d后取样培养。
⑤创面面积:使用伤口(厘米)刻度尺垂直于创面边缘上方(不与创面接触),以身体长轴方向为长度,与长轴垂直的方向为宽度,记录创面的最大长度和最大宽度;
创面面积=最大长度*最大宽度。
创面面积缩小率=(原始创面面积-第n天创面面积)/原始创面面积*100%分别于治疗前、治疗7d后测量。
4、数据统计结果
2019年10月~2022年12月,收集前来四川省骨科医院创面门诊就诊,年龄<70岁,伤口直径<10cm,可行保守换药治疗或因其他原因无法行手术治疗的急性感染伤口、慢性有感染征象的伤口患者35例,其中,男性21例,女性14例,平均年龄(55.80±14.13)岁,因擦挂、挫伤、摔伤、压榨伤等原因引起;2例伴有糖尿病史、1例有痛风病史、1例有下肢血管病史。经7d的中药外用换药治疗,采用自身前后对照,各观察指标经SPSS19.0统计结果如下:
(1)伤口疼痛
对不同时点的伤口疼痛评分进行t检验,经统计,治疗3d、7d时患者VAS评分较治疗前比较,均P<0.01,具有统计学差异,且在观察周期内,随着使用时间的延长,改善伤口疼痛的效果加强,提示中药外用换药对改善伤口疼痛作用肯定,见表1.
表1伤口疼痛评分比较(均数±标准差,分)
(2)伤口分泌物比较
对不同时点伤口分泌物评分比较进行t检验,经统计,治疗3d、7d时患者伤口分泌物评分较治疗前比较,均P<0.01,具有统计学差异,且随着使用时间的延长,改善伤口分泌物的效果增加,提示中药外用换药对改善伤口分泌物作用肯定,见表2.
表2伤口分泌物评分比较(均数±标准差,分)
(3)创周红肿评分
对不同时点创周红肿评分进行t检验,经统计,治疗3d、7d时患者创周红肿评分较治疗前均明显降低,均P<0.01,具有统计学差异,提示中药外用换药对改善伤口周围皮肤红肿作用肯定,且随着时间的延长作用加强,见表3.表3伤口周围皮肤红肿范围评分比较(均数±标准差,分)
(4)伤口细菌生长情况
对治疗前、治疗7d后伤口分泌物细菌生长情况进行比较,入组时35例患者伤口取分泌物培养均培养出细菌,其中革兰氏阳性菌29例(82.86%),革兰氏阴性菌6例(17.14%),经治疗7d后,25例(71.42%)患者分泌物细菌培养未发现细菌生长,10例(28.58%)患者仍然存在细菌感染。
(5)创面面积缩小情况
对治疗前、治疗7d后伤口面积进行比较,采用t检验,经统计,P<0.05,提示经中药外用换药治疗能促进伤口愈合,治疗前后伤口面积缩小量为(2.56±3.79)cm2,面积缩小率为(31.17±28.64)%。见表4。
表4伤口面积缩小率比较(均数±标准差,%)
综上,本发明中药组合物能显著减轻创面伤口疼痛,抑制伤口细菌生长,减少伤口分泌物,缩小创面红肿面积,加速创面修复。
试验例2典型病例
男性患者,29岁,因重物压榨致伤2周,左足跟部软组织缺损、局部皮肤红肿、发热、味极臭、伴黄白色脓性分泌,患足疼痛明显,细菌检查提示为金黄色葡萄球菌,仅予以试验例1中的药液冲洗伤口,散剂湿敷伤口周围红肿组织,未使用局部、全身性抗生素以及特殊敷料,局部炎症控制良好,疼痛减轻明显。(图1)
女性患者,49岁,因摩托车擦挂致伤左小腿中段皮肤软组织破溃16天,入院时见左小腿中段红肿、皮温明显升高、伴黄色粘稠脓性分泌物,伤口内腐肉覆盖,细菌检查提示为金黄色葡萄球菌,仅予以试验例1中的药液冲洗、湿敷伤口周围红肿组织,伤肢肿胀、疼痛缓解迅速,伤口床感染控制良好。
(图2)
男性患者,48岁,右小腿下段内侧伤口不愈合近3月,伤口少量渗黄色脓性分泌物,伤口内腐肉覆盖、纤维增生,少量肉芽生长、色红、刮拭易出血,皮缘稍老化,周围皮肤红肿,皮温升高,少量创伤性湿疹样改变,细菌检查提示为金黄色葡萄球菌,仅予以试验例1中的中药液湿敷换药,伤口红肿减轻,伤口面积缩小。(图3)。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于创面修复的中药组合物,其特征在于:它是含有如下重量配比的原料制备而成:
大黄1~5份、黄柏1~5份、苍术1~5份、苦参1~5份、皂角刺1~8份、枇杷叶1~5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于:它是含有如下重量配比的原料药制备而成:
大黄1份、黄柏1份、苍术1份、苦参1份、皂角刺1.5份、枇杷叶1份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的中药组合物,其特征在于:它是由原料药的药粉、或原料药的水或有机溶剂提取物为活性成分,加上药品上可接受的辅料制备而成的制剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述制剂为外用制剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述外用制剂为溶液剂、喷雾剂、膏剂或乳剂。
6.权利要求1~5任一项所述中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:它包括以下步骤:
(1)按照权利要求1所述配比称取原料;
(2)原料药研为粉末,或原料药的水或有机溶剂提取液,加入药品上常用的辅料或辅助性成分,即得。
7.权利要求1~6任一项所述的中药组合物在制备修复创面的药物中的用途。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用途,其特征在于:所述药物是修复感染性创面的药物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的用途,其特征在于:所述药物是修复急性感染性伤口,伴炎症的慢性伤口,急性、亚急性期创伤性湿疹或普通湿疹,和/或急性皮肤软组织感染的药物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的用途,其特征在于:所述药物是减轻伤口疼痛,减少伤口分泌物和/或缩小伤口红肿面积的药物。
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