CN116479218A - Heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of grinding tool steel - Google Patents
Heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of grinding tool steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN116479218A CN116479218A CN202310472216.7A CN202310472216A CN116479218A CN 116479218 A CN116479218 A CN 116479218A CN 202310472216 A CN202310472216 A CN 202310472216A CN 116479218 A CN116479218 A CN 116479218A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 193
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
- C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of die steel heat treatment, and discloses a heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of grinding tool steel, which is characterized in that the heat conduction of the die steel is faster through primary and secondary tempering, the comprehensive mechanical property is further improved, the service life of the die steel can be prolonged through nitriding processing work in the die steel, the wear resistance, the surface hardness, the fatigue limit and the corrosion resistance of die-casting die steel are improved, and the carburization processing work in the die steel is carried out, so that activated carbon atoms decomposed in a carburized medium penetrate into the surface layer of a steel part, the lower surface of the die steel under the premise of enhancing the central hardness of the die steel still has good hardness and wear resistance, thereby ensuring the stable use of the die steel under the conditions of long-time hot extrusion and high cavity heating temperature, and the conditions of cracking deformation and the like are not easy to occur through the change of different levels of nitrogen content of different components in the die steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment of die steel, in particular to a heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of grinding tool steel.
Background
The die steel is an alloy tool steel suitable for manufacturing a die for performing heat deformation processing on metal, such as a hot forging die, a hot extrusion die, a die casting die, a hot upsetting die and the like, and since the hot forging die is operated under high temperature and high pressure conditions for a long time, the die material is required to have high strength, hardness and thermal stability, particularly high thermal strength, thermal fatigue, toughness and wear resistance, and the heat treatment is a metal heat processing process in which the material is in a solid state through heating, heat preservation and cooling means to obtain the expected structure and performance, and the effect of the heat treatment is gradually known in the process of advancing from the stone age to the copper age and the iron age.
At present, when the die steel is processed, in order to effectively improve the performance of the die steel, the die steel is subjected to heat treatment before being produced, and the performance of the die steel is effectively improved, so that the use of the die steel is improved, and the follow-up die processing and use of enterprises are facilitated.
However, for a part of hot plastic die, the wear resistance and thermal fatigue resistance of the traditional die steel in the use process are poor, so that the traditional die steel cannot well meet the use requirement of the plastic die in hot extrusion, shrinkage deformation can possibly occur when the die steel cannot bear temperature, and the die steel is quenched and cracked when heavy, so that the die is scrapped, the processing cost and the claim of the heat treatment loss are influenced, the reputation is influenced, the customer loss is great, the die is reworked, the production schedule of the customer is influenced, and the practicability is poor; in view of this, we propose a heat treatment method that reduces the shrinkage deformation of the mill steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of grinding tool steel, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of grinding tool steel, the heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of grinding tool steel comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting materials, and selecting materials with different heat resistances and heat wear resistances according to products produced by a die to perform heat treatment;
s2, preheating, namely placing the selected die steel into a preset vacuum heat treatment furnace, heating for a preheating time period, cooling the die steel after heating, and preserving heat to wait for subsequent work;
s3, quenching, namely raising the heating treatment temperature of the vacuum heat treatment furnace to a preset quenching temperature section, carrying out quenching treatment for a preset time section, carrying out different adjustment on the temperature inside the vacuum heat treatment furnace at different times, and then carrying out cooling treatment to obtain quenched die steel;
s4, tempering, namely, the heating treatment temperature of the vacuum heat treatment furnace is adjusted to a preset tempering temperature section, tempering treatment is carried out for a preset time section, and the temperature inside the vacuum heat treatment furnace is adjusted differently at different times, so that die steel after tempering is obtained;
s5, nitriding, namely introducing gas with preset components into the vacuum heat treatment furnace, and performing waiting treatment for the tempered die steel for a preset period of time to obtain the die steel after nitriding;
s6, carburizing, namely placing the die steel into another heating furnace with an active carburizing medium in the die steel for heating, and carrying out heat preservation treatment after the die steel is heated;
s7, cooling, namely cooling the treated die steel, taking out the die steel when the die steel is cooled to 160-180 ℃, and washing the die steel cleanly with water;
s8, quality inspection is carried out on the produced die steel, so that the production quality is improved.
Preferably, the materials selected in the step S1 are selected according to different heat resistances and heat resistances, so that different kinds of die steels can adapt to different working environments, and the heat resistances are as follows: low alloy quenched and tempered die steel (6 g,6f2,6f 3) →medium chromium hot work die steel (H11, H12, H13) →tungsten hot work die steel (H21, H22), thermal wear resistance: d2 D4→m2, m4→powder steel.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step S2 is increased to 850-880 ℃ at 45 ℃/h, and the cooling is reduced to 650-680 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, and the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours.
Preferably, the quenching temperature in step S3 includes a one-stage preheating: the temperature rising rate is 1-5 ℃ per min, and the temperature rises to 550+/-10 ℃; s32), two-stage preheating: the temperature rising rate is 5-12 ℃/min, and the temperature rises to 850+/-10 ℃; s33), high temperature cooling: and in the step S33, the final temperature is cooled to 600 ℃, and the cooling speed is 5-12 ℃/min.
Preferably, the tempering in step S4 includes primary tempering: charging the steel into a furnace after quenching at the temperature of less than or equal to 250 ℃, and heating to maintain the temperature in the furnace at 550-650 ℃ for 2-3 h; and (3) secondary tempering: charging the furnace after the temperature is less than or equal to 650 ℃, and heating to keep the temperature in the furnace at 520-620 ℃ and the heat preservation time at 2-2.5 h.
Preferably, the gas of the preset composition in step S5 includes: ammonia, nitrogen, methanol, carbon dioxide, water.
Preferably, the die steel in the step S6 has an internal content of 0.35 to 0.5% after carburization.
Preferably, the step S6 includes: and (3) after the carburization treatment of the die steel, putting the die steel into engine oil for cooling, taking out the die steel when the die steel is cooled to 360-280 ℃, and washing the die steel with water.
Preferably, the step S7 includes firstly insulating the die steel at 130-150 ℃ for 4-8 hours, then cleaning the die steel at 240-250 ℃, and then cooling the die steel to room temperature to complete the heat treatment of the die steel.
Preferably, the step S8 includes: s81, detecting a carbon layer of the carburized die steel by a thickness detection instrument, wherein the thickness of the carbon layer is more than or equal to 0.9mm and is qualified;
s82, performing hardness detection and averaging on three different positions on the surface of the die steel through a hardness detection tool;
and S83, extruding the die steel at each position through an extruding tool, detecting flatness, wherein the die steel is a final product through the die steel qualified in the steps S81, S82 and S83, and the reflow defective product area is waited for recovery when one or more steps are not qualified.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a heat treatment method for reducing the shrinkage deformation of grinding tool steel, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the heat treatment for reducing the shrinkage deformation of the grinding tool steel is characterized in that the preheating and cooling treatment of multiple stages is arranged when the die steel is quenched, so that the internal thermal stress of the die steel can be more uniformly diffused, the die steel is cooled more fully and stably through multi-stage cooling after quenching, the deformation is reduced, and meanwhile, the primary tempering and the secondary tempering are matched, so that the die steel can be subjected to the decomposition of martensite and the transformation of residual austenite at a higher temperature, and the carbide can be kept at a larger dispersity, thereby improving the resistance and the thermal fatigue resistance of the die steel in the subsequent use process under the premise of meeting the central hardness, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of secondary hardening caused by chromium elements in the die steel at 500 ℃, being beneficial to ensuring the toughness of the die steel, and further improving the heat conduction speed and the comprehensive mechanical property of the die steel at a high temperature.
2. This heat treatment that reduces grinding apparatus steel shrink deformation is through carrying out nitriding process work to the inside of mould steel to can prolong the life of mould steel, improve wear resistance, surface hardness, fatigue limit and the corrosion resistance of die casting mould steel, can also improve hardness and the seizure resistance of mould surface.
3. This reduce heat treatment of grinding apparatus steel shrink deformation is through carrying out carburization treatment work to the inside of mould steel for the activated carbon atom that decomposes out in the carburization medium permeates steel spare top layer, makes the prerequisite lower surface that mould steel center hardness strengthened still have fine hardness and wearability, thereby guaranteed the stable use of mould steel under long-time hot extrusion and die cavity heated temperature high environment, and carry out the change of different degree to different mould steels through the nitrogen content of different components, make it be difficult for taking place circumstances such as fracture deformation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a heat treatment method for reducing the shrinkage deformation of grinding tool steel,
the heat treatment method for reducing the shrinkage deformation of the grinding tool steel comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting materials, and selecting materials with different heat resistances and heat wear resistances according to products produced by a die to perform heat treatment;
s2, preheating, namely placing the selected die steel into a preset vacuum heat treatment furnace, heating for a preheating time period, cooling the die steel after heating, and preserving heat to wait for subsequent work;
s3, quenching, namely raising the heating treatment temperature of the vacuum heat treatment furnace to a preset quenching temperature section, carrying out quenching treatment for a preset time section, carrying out different adjustment on the temperature inside the vacuum heat treatment furnace at different times, and then carrying out cooling treatment to obtain quenched die steel;
s4, tempering, namely, the heating treatment temperature of the vacuum heat treatment furnace is adjusted to a preset tempering temperature section, tempering treatment is carried out for a preset time section, and the temperature inside the vacuum heat treatment furnace is adjusted differently at different times, so that tempered die steel is obtained;
s5, nitriding, namely introducing gas with preset components into the vacuum heat treatment furnace, and performing the waiting treatment on the tempered die steel for a preset period of time to obtain the die steel after nitriding;
s6, carburizing, namely placing the die steel into another heating furnace with an active carburizing medium in the die steel for heating, and carrying out heat preservation treatment after the die steel is heated;
s7, cooling, namely cooling the treated die steel, taking out the die steel when the die steel is cooled to 160-180 ℃, and washing the die steel cleanly with water;
s8, quality inspection is carried out on the produced die steel, so that the production quality is improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, please continue to refer to fig. 1, the materials selected in step S1 are selected according to different heat resistances and heat resistances, so that different kinds of die steels can adapt to different working environments, and the heat resistances are as follows: low alloy quenched and tempered die steel (6 g,6f2,6f 3) →medium chromium hot work die steel (H11, H12, H13) →tungsten hot work die steel (H21, H22), thermal wear resistance: d2 The heating temperature of the step S2 is that the temperature is increased to 850-880 ℃ at 45 ℃/hour, the cooling temperature is decreased to 650-680 ℃ at 30 ℃/hour, and the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours, and the quenching temperature in the step S3 comprises a stage of preheating: the temperature rising rate is 1-5 ℃/min, and the temperature rises to 550+/-10 ℃; s32), two-stage preheating: the temperature rising rate is 5-12 ℃/min, and the temperature rises to 850+/-10 ℃; s33), high temperature cooling: in the step S33, the final temperature is cooled to 600 ℃, the cooling speed is 5-12 ℃/min, and the tempering in the step S4 comprises primary tempering: charging the steel into a furnace after quenching at the temperature of less than or equal to 250 ℃, and heating to maintain the temperature in the furnace at 550-650 ℃ for 2-3 h; and (3) secondary tempering: charging the furnace after the temperature is less than or equal to 650 ℃, heating to keep the temperature in the furnace at 520-620 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 2-2.5 h, wherein the gas of the preset components in the step S5 comprises the following components: ammonia, nitrogen, methanol, carbon dioxide and water, wherein the ammonia is 0.5 part, the nitrogen is 0.5 part, the methanol is 0.3 part, the carbon dioxide is 0.5 part and the water is 1 part, the internal content of the die steel in the step S6 is 0.35-0.5% after carburization treatment, and the step S6 comprises: after carburizing the die steel, putting the die steel into engine oil for cooling, taking out the die steel when the die steel is cooled to 360-280 ℃, washing the die steel with water, wherein the step S7 comprises the steps of firstly preserving the die steel at the temperature of 130-150 ℃ for 4-8 hours, then cleaning the die steel, wherein the cleaning temperature of the die steel is 240-250 ℃, and then cooling the die steel to room temperature to finish the heat treatment of the die steel, and the step S8 comprises the following steps: s81, detecting a carbon layer of carburized die steel through a thickness detection instrument, wherein the thickness of the carbon layer is more than or equal to 0.9mm, and taking an average value of hardness detection on three different positions on the surface of the die steel through a hardness detection tool, S83, extruding all positions of the die steel through an extrusion tool, and detecting flatness, wherein the die steel is a final product through all qualified die steels in the steps S81, S82 and S83, and the reflow defective product area is waited for recovery if one or more steps are not qualified.
Example 2:
the heat treatment method for reducing the shrinkage deformation of the grinding tool steel comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting materials, and selecting materials with different heat resistances and heat wear resistances according to products produced by a die to perform heat treatment;
s2, preheating, namely placing the selected die steel into a preset vacuum heat treatment furnace, heating for a preheating time period, cooling the die steel after heating, and preserving heat to wait for subsequent work;
s3, quenching, namely raising the heating treatment temperature of the vacuum heat treatment furnace to a preset quenching temperature section, carrying out quenching treatment for a preset time section, carrying out different adjustment on the temperature inside the vacuum heat treatment furnace at different times, and then carrying out cooling treatment to obtain quenched die steel;
s4, tempering, namely, the heating treatment temperature of the vacuum heat treatment furnace is adjusted to a preset tempering temperature section, tempering treatment is carried out for a preset time section, and the temperature inside the vacuum heat treatment furnace is adjusted differently at different times, so that tempered die steel is obtained;
s5, nitriding, namely introducing gas with preset components into the vacuum heat treatment furnace, and performing the waiting treatment on the tempered die steel for a preset period of time to obtain the die steel after nitriding;
s6, carburizing, namely placing the die steel into another heating furnace with an active carburizing medium in the die steel for heating, and carrying out heat preservation treatment after the die steel is heated;
s7, cooling, namely cooling the treated die steel, taking out the die steel when the die steel is cooled to 135-150 ℃, and washing the die steel with water;
s8, quality inspection is carried out on the produced die steel, so that the production quality is improved.
The materials selected in the step S1 are selected according to different heat resistances and heat wear resistances, so that different kinds of die steel can adapt to different working environments, and the heat resistances are achieved by: low alloy quenched and tempered die steel (6 g,6f2,6f 3) →medium chromium hot work die steel (H11, H12, H13) →tungsten hot work die steel (H21, H22), thermal wear resistance: d2 The heating temperature in the step S2 is increased to 850-880 ℃ at 60 ℃/h, the cooling is reduced to 650-680 ℃ at 40 ℃/h, the temperature is kept for 1-2 h, the heating speed of the die steel is increased, the die steel can be heated more quickly, the cooling speed is increased, the die steel can be cooled more quickly, the die steel is more stable in processing, the working time is reduced, the efficiency is improved, the quenching temperature in the step S3 comprises one-stage preheating: the temperature rising rate is 1-5 ℃/min, and the temperature rises to 550+/-10 ℃; s32), two-stage preheating: the temperature rising rate is 5-12 ℃/min, and the temperature rises to 850+/-10 ℃; s33), high temperature cooling: in the step S33, the final temperature is cooled to 600 ℃, the cooling speed is 5-12 ℃/min, and the tempering in the step S4 comprises primary tempering: charging the steel into a furnace after quenching at the temperature of less than or equal to 250 ℃, and heating to maintain the temperature in the furnace at 550-650 ℃ for 2-3 h; and (3) secondary tempering: charging the furnace after the temperature is less than or equal to 650 ℃, heating to keep the temperature in the furnace at 520-620 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 2-2.5 h, wherein the gas of the preset components in the step S5 comprises the following components: ammonia, nitrogen, methanol, carbon dioxide and water, wherein ammonia 1 part, nitrogen 1 part, methanol 0.5 part, carbon dioxide 1 part and water 2 parts, the contents of ammonia, nitrogen, methanol, carbon dioxide and water are changed, so that the contents of the inside of the die steel are different after nitriding treatment, the wear resistance, surface hardness, fatigue limit and corrosion resistance of the die steel are changed, the wear resistance, surface hardness, fatigue limit and corrosion resistance of the die steel are enhanced at the cost of reducing the service life of the die steel, the effect is improved when the die steel is used, the content of the inside of the die steel after carburizing treatment is 0.35-0.5% in the step S6, the content of the inside of the die steel after carburizing treatment is 0.35-0.5% in the embodiment, and the wear resistance, the surface hardness, the fatigue limit and the corrosion resistance of the die steel are also improved at the cost of reducing the service life of the die steel, and the hardness and the seizure resistance of the die surface are also improved, wherein the step S6 comprises: after carburizing the die steel, putting the die steel into engine oil for cooling, taking out the die steel when the die steel is cooled to 360-280 ℃, washing the die steel with water, wherein the step S7 comprises the steps of firstly preserving the die steel at the temperature of 130-150 ℃ for 4-8 hours, then cleaning the die steel, wherein the cleaning temperature of the die steel is 240-250 ℃, and then cooling the die steel to room temperature to finish the heat treatment of the die steel, and the step S8 comprises the following steps: s81, detecting a carbon layer of carburized die steel through a thickness detection instrument, wherein the thickness of the carbon layer is more than or equal to 1.3mm, and taking an average value of hardness detection on three different positions on the surface of the die steel through a hardness detection tool, S83, extruding all positions of the die steel through an extrusion tool, and detecting flatness, wherein the die steel is a final product through all qualified die steels in the steps S81, S82 and S83, and the reflow defective product area is waited for recovery if one or more steps are not qualified.
The foregoing invention has been generally described in great detail, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, it is intended to cover modifications or improvements within the spirit of the inventive concepts.
Claims (10)
1. A heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of grinding tool steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the heat treatment method for reducing the shrinkage deformation of the grinding tool steel comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting materials, and selecting materials with different heat resistances and heat wear resistances according to products produced by a die to perform heat treatment;
s2, preheating, namely placing the selected die steel into a preset vacuum heat treatment furnace, heating for a preheating time period, cooling the die steel after heating, and preserving heat to wait for subsequent work;
s3, quenching, namely raising the heating treatment temperature of the vacuum heat treatment furnace to a preset quenching temperature section, carrying out quenching treatment for a preset time section, carrying out different adjustment on the temperature inside the vacuum heat treatment furnace at different times, and then carrying out cooling treatment to obtain quenched die steel;
s4, tempering, namely, the heating treatment temperature of the vacuum heat treatment furnace is adjusted to a preset tempering temperature section, tempering treatment is carried out for a preset time section, and the temperature inside the vacuum heat treatment furnace is adjusted differently at different times, so that die steel after tempering is obtained;
s5, nitriding, namely introducing gas with preset components into the vacuum heat treatment furnace, and performing waiting treatment for the tempered die steel for a preset period of time to obtain the die steel after nitriding;
s6, carburizing, namely placing the die steel into another heating furnace with an active carburizing medium in the die steel for heating, and carrying out heat preservation treatment after the die steel is heated;
s7, cooling, namely cooling the treated die steel, taking out the die steel when the die steel is cooled to 160-180 ℃, and washing the die steel cleanly with water;
s8, quality inspection is carried out on the produced die steel, so that the production quality is improved.
2. A heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of abrasive tool steel according to claim 1, wherein: the materials selected in the step S1 are selected according to different heat resistances and heat wear resistances, so that different kinds of die steels can adapt to different working environments, and the heat resistances are as follows: low alloy quenched and tempered die steel (6 g,6f2,6f 3) →medium chromium hot work die steel (H11, H12, H13) →tungsten hot work die steel (H21, H22), thermal wear resistance: d2 D4→m2, m4→powder steel.
3. A heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of abrasive tool steel according to claim 1, wherein: the heating temperature in the step S2 is increased to 850-880 ℃ at 45 ℃/h, and the cooling is reduced to 650-680 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, and the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours.
4. A heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of abrasive tool steel according to claim 1, wherein: the quenching temperature in the step S3 comprises a stage of preheating: the temperature rising rate is 1-5 ℃/min, and the temperature rises to 550+/-10 ℃; s32), two-stage preheating: the temperature rising rate is 5-12 ℃/min, and the temperature rises to 850+/-10 ℃; s33), high temperature cooling: and in the step S33, the final temperature is cooled to 600 ℃, and the cooling speed is 5-12 ℃/min.
5. A heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of abrasive tool steel according to claim 1, wherein: the tempering in the step S4 comprises primary tempering: charging the steel into a furnace after quenching at the temperature of less than or equal to 250 ℃, and heating to maintain the temperature in the furnace at 550-650 ℃ for 2-3 h; and (3) secondary tempering: charging the furnace after the temperature is less than or equal to 650 ℃, and heating to keep the temperature in the furnace at 520-620 ℃ and the heat preservation time at 2-2.5 h.
6. A heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of abrasive tool steel according to claim 1, wherein: the gas of the preset composition in step S5 includes: ammonia, nitrogen, methanol, carbon dioxide, water.
7. A heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of abrasive tool steel according to claim 1, wherein: the internal content of the die steel subjected to carburizing treatment in the step S6 is 0.35-0.5%.
8. A heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of abrasive tool steel according to claim 1, wherein: the step S6 includes: and (3) after the carburization treatment of the die steel, putting the die steel into engine oil for cooling, taking out the die steel when the die steel is cooled to 360-280 ℃, and washing the die steel with water.
9. A heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of abrasive tool steel according to claim 1, wherein: the step S7 comprises the steps of firstly preserving the temperature of the die steel at 130-150 ℃ for 4-8 hours, then cleaning the die steel at 240-250 ℃, and then cooling the die steel to room temperature to finish the heat treatment work of the die steel.
10. A heat treatment method for reducing shrinkage deformation of abrasive tool steel according to claim 1, wherein: the step S8 includes:
s81, detecting a carbon layer of the carburized die steel by a thickness detection instrument, wherein the thickness of the carbon layer is more than or equal to 0.9mm and is qualified;
s82, performing hardness detection and averaging on three different positions on the surface of the die steel through a hardness detection tool;
and S83, extruding the die steel at each position through an extruding tool, detecting flatness, wherein the die steel is a final product through the die steel qualified in the steps S81, S82 and S83, and the reflow defective product area is waited for recovery when one or more steps are not qualified.
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