CN105369189A - Nitriding process for H13 die steel - Google Patents
Nitriding process for H13 die steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105369189A CN105369189A CN201510852056.4A CN201510852056A CN105369189A CN 105369189 A CN105369189 A CN 105369189A CN 201510852056 A CN201510852056 A CN 201510852056A CN 105369189 A CN105369189 A CN 105369189A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
- C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nitriding process for H13 die steel. The nitriding process for the H13 die steel comprises the following steps of quenching and tempering the H13 die steel, and then performing hardness screening; cleaning and polishing the surface of the H13 die steel; putting the H13 die steel in a vacuum type gas nitriding furnace, vacuumizing, then introducing nitrogen to recover pressure, and keeping positive pressure; heating at an intensive carburizing stage and a diffusing stage, and insulating for a period of time; cooling to complete nitriding treatment. According to the nitriding process for the H13 die steel, harmful structures are effectively controlled when the H13 die steel is nitridized, so that the service life of a die is greatly prolonged, thereby reducing the cost and the rejection rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nitrogenize technical field of heat treatment technology, particularly relate to a kind of nitriding process for H13 die steel.
Background technology
H13 die steel is owing to having the advantage of high strength, high tenacity, good temper resistance, higher cold & heat fatigue resisting performance and moderate cost, become a kind of die steel of widespread use in the world, can be used as the transfer mold etc. of forging die and copper on the forging die in transfer mold, hot-forging die, hot extruding die, plug, die forging forging die, precise forging machine, pressing machine, Aluminum-aluminum alloy; During as hot-work die, repeatedly contact with the work material of the condition of high temperature under arms, under periodic repeated stress effect, moulding stock especially textura epidermoidea will change, performance also can change accordingly, finally cause losing efficacy, main failure forms has thermal fatigue, thermal wear, corrosion and viscous deformation etc.Therefore, for improving the performances such as the surface hardness of H13 die steel, anti-corrosion and anti stick, surface treatment need be carried out to it, while keeping the original strength and toughness in mould heart portion, effectively improving its surface strength, improve its work-ing life, often nitrogenize thermal treatment process is done to the surface of H13 die steel.
Nitrogenize thermal treatment, refer to a kind of at a certain temperature, make nitrogen-atoms infiltrate the chemical heat treatment process of workpiece surface in certain medium.The heat treated goods of via nitride have excellent wear resistance, resistance to fatigue, solidity to corrosion and resistant to elevated temperatures characteristic.Such as, but traditional nitrogenize thermal treatment process, forms a large amount of harmful structures after workpiece nitrogenize, vein structure and bright layer, and surface hardness variable gradient is steep.Vein structure and bright layer are a kind of nitrogen iron cpds, are at a certain temperature, are formed in the metallic surface of Nitrogen ion infiltration workpiece.Vein structure and bright layer are observed under an optical microscope in white, have erosion resistance.Vein structure is mainly distributed in infiltration layer inside, and bright layer mainly covers metallic surface; Such nitrogen iron cpd has good wear resistance, but it is simultaneously hard again and crisp, should not be hit load, particularly for the mould be applied in high-velocity forging equipment, such as H13 die steel material, when processing the mould after nitrogenize, shock load is large, cold and heat succeed each other processing, make die surface produce a large amount of harmful structure, make the surface of mould occur peeling off and falling the phenomenon of block.Adopt traditional this badness nitrided structure of the more difficult control of nitriding process, often will adopt the control manually carrying out nitrogenize parameter, less stable, effectively can not control the generation of the harmful structure such as vein structure and bright layer.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nitriding process for H13 die steel, the harmful structure produced during effective control H13 die steel nitrogenize, the H13 die steel sample infiltration layer that process obtains is thick, hardness gradient mild, improves the work-ing life of H13 die steel.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
For a nitriding process for H13 die steel, comprise the following steps:
1) hardness screening: H13 die steel carries out hardness screening after Q-tempering technique, filter out austenite content lower than 5% H13 die steel;
2) pre-treatment: by through step 1) surface of H13 die steel that filters out carries out cleaning, polishing pre-treatment;
3) inflated with nitrogen: will through step 2) pretreated H13 die steel puts into vacuum gas nitriding furnace, and pass into nitrogen after vacuumizing and press again, and keep malleation;
4) heat: in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, be heated to 500 ~ 530 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 3.8 ~ 4, be incubated 5 ~ 7 hours, enter and ooze the stage by force;
5) continue heating: in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, continue to be heated to 530 ~ 560 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 0.8 ~ 1.2, be incubated 5 ~ 7 hours, enter diffusion phase;
6) cool: through step 5) heating terminate after, when being cooled to 100 DEG C, H13 die steel is taken out from vacuum gas nitriding furnace, is cooled to room temperature.
Wherein, step 1) in, described Q-tempering technique is: quenching, 500 DEG C of tempering after H13 die steel is heated to 1030 DEG C, through Q-tempering process, make the longer service life of H13 die steel.
Wherein, step 2) in, described cleaning, polishing pre-treatment detailed process are: will through step 1) the H13 die steel acetone clean surface greasy dirt that filters out, then effects on surface carries out polishing and processes.
Wherein, step 3) detailed process be: will through step 2) pretreated H13 die steel puts into vacuum gas nitriding furnace, be evacuated to 1mbar, pass into nitrogen with the flow of 1.5L/h and press again, and keep malleation.It should be noted that, described malleation, for being a bit larger tham normal atmosphere (An), makes not to be negative pressure state in stove.
Wherein, step 4) in, in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, be heated to 520 ~ 530 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 3.9, be incubated 6 hours, enter and ooze the stage by force.
Wherein, step 5) in, in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, continue to be heated to 530 ~ 540 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 1, and be incubated 6 hours, enter diffusion phase.
Wherein, step 6) in, described cooling is lowered the temperature with the speed of 200 DEG C/h.
Wherein, step 6) detailed process be: in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen with the flow of 1.5L/h, when being cooled to 100 DEG C with the speed of 200 DEG C/h, H13 die steel being taken out from vacuum gas nitriding furnace, is cooled to room temperature.
Nitriding temperature is higher, and nitridation time is longer, and hardness has a declining tendency, but depth of penetration extends more and more darker in time, and Nitric white has substantial connection with nitrogen gesture.Nitrogen gesture adopts Kn value to represent often, by hydrogen content in the HydroNit sensor sensor measurement stove in nitriding furnace, feed back to Controlling System, calculate nitrogen gesture, controlled the under meter flow of nitrogen, ammonia, carbonic acid gas by nitrogen gesture, thus determine nitride layer tissue; Required surface hardness and depth of penetration after nitrogenize is controlled by selecting nitriding temperature and nitridation time.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: the nitriding process for H13 die steel of the present invention, by doing a hardness screening after H13 die steel Q-tempering, makes the die steel wanting nitriding treatment reach the requirement of hardness; Cleaning, polishing pre-treatment effectively can remove the dirt on H13 die steel surface, are convenient to next step nitriding treatment; Vacuumize rear inflated with nitrogen and keep malleation in stove, discharging the gas such as air, ammonia in stove, prevent the surface of die steel oxidized, react under preventing the ammonia in stove and oxygen high temperature simultaneously and blast, avoiding producing potential safety hazard; H13 die steel is put into vacuum gas nitriding furnace, and point two stages carry out nitriding treatment, ooze by force stage and diffusion phase, make the surface hardness of material, depth of penetration, harmful structure layer etc. precisely controlled by the control of nitriding temperature and nitridation time; Wherein, passing into of carbonic acid gas, the oxygen decomposed under making its high temperature and ammonia decompose the hydrogen obtained and to combine generation water, effectively shorten nitridation time, thus effectively control the thickness of infiltration layer; Control cooling rate and temperature fall time, make the surface hardness of die steel even; The present invention is used for the nitriding process of H13 die steel, and the surface hardness of H13 die steel is improved, and the harmful structure effectively produced during control H13 die steel nitrogenize, substantially increases the mold use life-span, thus reduce costs, and reduces condemnation factor.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
For a nitriding process for H13 die steel, comprise the following steps:
1) H13 die steel carries out hardness screening after Q-tempering technique, controls Q-tempering processing parameter to be: Q-tempering technique is: quenching, 500 DEG C of tempering after H13 die steel is heated to 1030 DEG C, filter out the H13 die steel that austenite content is 5%;
2) will through step 1) the H13 die steel acetone clean surface greasy dirt that filters out, then effects on surface carries out polishing process;
3) will through step 2) pretreated H13 die steel puts into vacuum gas nitriding furnace, and be evacuated to 1mbar, pass into nitrogen with the flow of 1.5L/h and press again, and keep malleation;
4) in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, be heated to 520 ~ 530 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 3.9, be incubated 6 hours, enter and ooze the stage by force;
5) in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, continue to be heated to 530 ~ 540 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 1, and be incubated 6 hours, enter diffusion phase; Wherein, heating adopts radiation formula heating, is medium heat conduction, and outside flue, air-circulating fan is housed by furnace gas, ensures that gas stream in the stove is laminar flow regime;
6) through step 5) heating terminate after, in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen with the flow of 1.5L/h, when being cooled to 100 DEG C with the speed of 200 DEG C/h, H13 die steel being taken out from vacuum gas nitriding furnace, is cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 2
For a nitriding process for 1.2367 die steel, comprise the following steps:
1) 1.2367 die steel carry out hardness screening after Q-tempering technique, control Q-tempering processing parameter to be: quenching, 500 DEG C of tempering after 1.2367 die steel are heated to 1030 DEG C, filter out 1.2367 die steel that austenite content is 5%;
2) will through step 1) the 1.2367 die steel acetone clean surface greasy dirts that filter out, then effects on surface carries out polishing process;
3) will through step 2) pretreated 1.2367 die steel put into vacuum gas nitriding furnace, and be evacuated to 1mbar, pass into nitrogen with the flow of 1.5L/h and press again, and keep malleation;
4) in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, be heated to 520 ~ 530 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 3.6, be incubated 6 hours, enter and ooze the stage by force;
5) in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, continue to be heated to 530 ~ 540 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 0.8-1.0, and be incubated 6 hours, enter diffusion phase; Wherein, heating adopts radiation formula heating, is medium heat conduction, and outside flue, air-circulating fan is housed by furnace gas, ensures that gas stream in the stove is laminar flow regime;
6) through step 5) heating terminate after, in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen with the flow of 1.5L/h, when being cooled to 100 DEG C with the speed of 200 DEG C/h, 1.2367 die steel being taken out from vacuum gas nitriding furnace, is cooled to room temperature.
Done nitriding treatment to H13 die steel and 1.2367 die steel materials respectively, detect the surface hardness of the die steel material of embodiment 1 ~ 2 via nitride process, alloying layer thickness and harmful structure situation, experimental result is in table 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, after nitriding process process of the present invention, the nitriding result of H13 die steel and 1.2367 die steel is good, and after nitrogenize, wear resistance is good, and surface hardness is even.H13 die steel is compared with 1.2367 die steel, and the content of aluminium (Al) is identical, and in H13 die steel, the massfraction of molybdenum (Mo) is the massfraction of molybdenum (Mo) in 1.1 ~ 1.75%, 1.2367 die steel is 2.7 ~ 12.8%.Wherein, the existence of Mo can make the two C curve of quenching move to right, so content its quenching mechanical property higher is higher, therefore 1.2367 die steel are compared with H13 die steel, nitrogen-atoms bonding force is stronger, and nitriding result is better, therefore ensures nitrided structure effect, the ammonia intake of 1.2367 die steel is fewer than the ammonia intake of H13 die steel, and namely the low 0.2-0.6 of Kn value can be met international standards.Therefore, nitriding process of the present invention may be used for 1 equally, the nitriding treatment of 2367 die steel.
In addition, the nitriding result of die steel workpiece depends primarily on the content of Al, Mo in workpiece, proves through overtesting, and the Al constituent content in workpiece often lacks 0.1%, Kn value required during nitriding treatment must decline 0.15, otherwise easily produces the harmful structure such as vein structure and bright layer.
Applicant states, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment and process flow process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process, namely do not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to equivalence replacement and the interpolation of ancillary component, the concrete way choice etc. of each raw material of product of the present invention, all drops within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (8)
1. for a nitriding process for H13 die steel, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) hardness screening: H13 die steel carries out hardness screening after Q-tempering technique, filter out austenite content lower than 5% H13 die steel;
2) pre-treatment: by through step 1) surface of H13 die steel that filters out carries out cleaning, polishing pre-treatment;
3) inflated with nitrogen: will through step 2) pretreated H13 die steel puts into vacuum gas nitriding furnace, and pass into nitrogen after vacuumizing and press again, and keep malleation;
4) heat: in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, be heated to 500 ~ 530 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 3.8 ~ 4, be incubated 5 ~ 7 hours, enter and ooze the stage by force;
5) continue heating: in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, continue to be heated to 530 ~ 560 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 0.8 ~ 1.2, be incubated 5 ~ 7 hours, enter diffusion phase;
6) cool: through step 5) heating terminate after, when being cooled to 100 DEG C, H13 die steel is taken out from vacuum gas nitriding furnace, is cooled to room temperature.
2. a kind of nitriding process for H13 die steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1) in, described Q-tempering technique is: quenching, 500 DEG C of tempering after H13 die steel is heated to 1030 DEG C.
3. a kind of nitriding process for H13 die steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 2) in, described cleaning, polishing pre-treatment detailed process are: will through step 1) the H13 die steel acetone clean surface greasy dirt that filters out, then effects on surface carries out polishing and processes.
4. a kind of nitriding process for H13 die steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 3) detailed process be: will through step 2) pretreated H13 die steel puts into vacuum gas nitriding furnace, be evacuated to 1mbar, pass into nitrogen with the flow of 1.5L/h to press again, and keep malleation.
5. a kind of nitriding process for H13 die steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 4) in, in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, be heated to 520 ~ 530 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 3.9, be incubated 6 hours, enter and ooze the stage by force.
6. a kind of nitriding process for H13 die steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 5) in, nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, ammonia is passed in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, continue to be heated to 530 ~ 540 DEG C, keep nitrogen gesture to be 1, and be incubated 6 hours, enter diffusion phase.
7. a kind of nitriding process for H13 die steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 6) in, described cooling is lowered the temperature with the speed of 180 ~ 220 DEG C/h.
8. a kind of nitriding process for H13 die steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 6) detailed process be: in vacuum gas nitriding furnace, pass into nitrogen with the flow of 1.5L/h, when being cooled to 100 DEG C with the speed of 200 DEG C/h, H13 die steel is taken out from vacuum gas nitriding furnace, is cooled to room temperature.
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| CN105779929A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏丰东热处理及表面改性工程技术研究有限公司 | Non-brittle nitriding process for piston of engineering machinery |
| CN105887000A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-24 | 连云港江南精工机械有限公司 | Nitriding heat treatment method of die-casting machine accessory |
| CN106591543A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 柳州通为机械有限公司 | Heat treatment method for mold |
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| CN106637063A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 常州大学 | Ion nitriding surface modification method for improving heat fatigue of H13 hot-working die |
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| CN108193023A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-06-22 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | The method for eliminating net carbide in H13 mould steel annealing microscopic structure |
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| CN105887000A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-24 | 连云港江南精工机械有限公司 | Nitriding heat treatment method of die-casting machine accessory |
| CN106591543A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 柳州通为机械有限公司 | Heat treatment method for mold |
| CN106637063A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 常州大学 | Ion nitriding surface modification method for improving heat fatigue of H13 hot-working die |
| CN106637056A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-10 | 苏州诺迅汽车零部件有限公司 | Process for nitriding nozzle ring weld assemblies |
| CN106811718A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-06-09 | 浙江百达精工股份有限公司 | Compressor pump component carbo-nitriding method |
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| CN112176154A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-01-05 | 天津欧亚西斯金属制品有限公司 | Low-temperature mold surface treatment technology |
| CN110499488A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-26 | 佛山市顺德区矗泰金属热处理有限公司 | A kind of Corrugator roller thermal treatment production process |
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| CN111647844A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-09-11 | 齐齐哈尔英格机械有限公司 | Composite nitriding method for corrosion resistance of main shaft |
| CN114293139A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-08 | 江苏聚源电气有限公司 | Low-temperature soft nitriding process |
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