CN115537633B - Hot work die steel and production method thereof - Google Patents
Hot work die steel and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115537633B CN115537633B CN202211051076.8A CN202211051076A CN115537633B CN 115537633 B CN115537633 B CN 115537633B CN 202211051076 A CN202211051076 A CN 202211051076A CN 115537633 B CN115537633 B CN 115537633B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, and discloses hot work die steel and production thereof, wherein the hot work die steel comprises the following components: selecting raw materials for processing hot work die steel, and producing the raw materials into steel ingots by an electric furnace process and an electroslag remelting process; homogenizing the steel ingot; forging the homogenized steel ingot by adopting a three-pier three-drawing method to obtain a blank; carrying out vacuum carburizing heat treatment on the blank, and carrying out oil quenching on the blank subjected to the vacuum carburizing heat treatment to obtain a workpiece; and carrying out multistage vacuum heat treatment on the workpiece to obtain the hot-work die steel. The invention obtains the hot work die steel with high surface hardness and high impact toughness by providing proper high-temperature carburization process, multi-stage vacuum heat treatment and other means.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to hot work die steel and a production method thereof.
Background
The hot-working die steel comprises a hot-forging die, a hot-extrusion die and a hot-casting die. The hot-work die steel has high carbon content, so that the carburization is difficult to obtain a good effect, bad tissues are easy to generate, and the service life of the die is shortened. H13 (4 Cr5MoSiV 1) is the most widely used hot die steel internationally at present, has good high-temperature hot hardness and corrosion resistance, and can be used as a hot forging die, a hot extrusion die, a die-casting die and the like. However, the conventional H13 hot work die steel has the problems of short service life of the die and easy generation of various cracks in the using process. Therefore, it is necessary to design a method for producing hot-work die steel with high surface hardness and high impact toughness.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide hot-work die steel and a production method thereof, and the hot-work die steel with high surface hardness and high impact toughness is obtained by providing appropriate means such as a high-temperature carburization process, multistage vacuum heat treatment and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of producing hot work die steel, the method comprising the steps of:
selecting raw materials for processing hot work die steel, and producing the raw materials into steel ingots by an electric furnace process and an electroslag remelting process;
homogenizing the steel ingot;
forging the homogenized steel ingot by adopting a three-pier three-drawing method to obtain a blank;
carrying out vacuum carburizing heat treatment on the blank, and carrying out oil quenching on the blank subjected to the vacuum carburizing heat treatment to obtain a workpiece;
and carrying out multistage vacuum heat treatment on the workpiece to obtain the hot work die steel.
Specifically, the raw material mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.38 to 0.42, mo:1.00 to 1.30, cr:5.00 to 5.25, V:1.13 to 1.33, mn:0.20 to 0.40, si:1.10 to 1.25, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements, wherein the impurity elements comprise S, B, cu and Sn. The raw materials are produced into steel ingots by an electric furnace process and an electroslag remelting process according to the components.
Further, the steel ingot is homogenized at the temperature of 1150-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 12 hours, so that the segregation is eliminated, the precipitation phase re-dissolution and dendrite ablation are promoted, and the hot processing performance of the material is improved.
Further, forging the steel ingot by a three-pier three-drawing method, putting the steel ingot into a heating furnace, heating to 1120-1150 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 3 hours; during forging, the deformation of each upsetting is more than or equal to 50 percent, the elongation deformation is more than or equal to 60 percent, the initial forging temperature is 1100-1180 ℃, and the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 930 ℃. The grain size is controlled by adjusting the forging temperature and the deformation of the forged piece.
Further, the blank is subjected to vacuum carburizing heat treatment, the temperature of the vacuum carburizing heat treatment is 1000-1050 ℃, the time is 4.5-7 h, the pulse number is 10-15, and the diffusion ratio is 1:22, keeping the temperature of the carburized blank at 840-860 ℃ for 2h under the acetylene pressure of 2500Pa, and performing oil quenching on the carburized blank to ensure that the effective carburized layer thickness of the workpiece can reach more than 1.5mm, the surface hardness of the carburized layer can reach more than 970HV, the surface of the carburized layer is fine carbides which are uniformly dispersed and distributed, and the morphology is well controlled.
Further, performing multistage vacuum heat treatment on the workpiece, and adopting a three-section heating vacuum oil quenching process, wherein the first section of the three-section heating vacuum oil quenching process is at the temperature of 550-580 ℃, the heating time is 10-15 hours, and the heat preservation time is 1 hour; the temperature of the second stage of the three-stage heating vacuum oil quenching is 750-800 ℃, the heating time is 15-18 h, and the heat preservation time is 1h; the third stage temperature of the three-stage heating vacuum oil quenching is 1030-1050 ℃, the heating time can be adjusted according to the performance of the heating furnace, and generally is the heating time at the fastest heating rate of the furnace; and after preserving the heat for 2.5 to 3 hours, performing vacuum oil quenching on the workpiece. After the workpiece is completely austenitized, elements are fully diffused by long-time heat preservation, the structural uniformity of the edge part and the core part of the workpiece is improved, the toughness of the core part is improved, the transition of a carburized layer of the edge part is smooth, the hardness mutation is avoided, and the fatigue life of the workpiece is prolonged. Then three times of vacuum tempering are carried out, the temperature is 530-550 ℃, and the time is 2 hours. The hot die steel can obtain good obdurability matching through multistage heat treatment, the impact work of a core part reaches 270J, and the surface hardness are more than 970 HV.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
the invention controls the grain size by adjusting the forging temperature and the deformation of the forging; the blank is subjected to vacuum carburizing heat treatment, the carburizing temperature is controlled to be 1000-1050 ℃, the time is 4.5-7 h, the pulse number is 10-15, and the diffusion ratio is 1:22, keeping the acetylene pressure at 2500Pa, performing oil quenching on the carburized blank at 840-860 ℃ for 2h to ensure that the effective carburized layer thickness of the workpiece can reach more than 1.5mm, the surface hardness of the carburized layer can reach more than 970HV, the surface of the carburized layer is fine carbides which are uniformly dispersed and distributed, and the appearance is well controlled; controlling the grain size of the workpiece and adjusting the structure of the workpiece by carrying out three-stage heat treatment; after the workpiece is completely austenitized, elements are fully diffused by long-time heat preservation, the structural uniformity of the edge part and the core part of the workpiece is improved, the toughness of the core part is improved, the transition of a carburized layer of the edge part is smooth, the hardness mutation is avoided, and the fatigue life of the workpiece is prolonged. The hot work die steel produced by the method has high surface hardness and high impact toughness, and meets the use requirements.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for producing hot work die steel according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a hot work die steel production method according to the present exemplary embodiment, and as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a hot work die steel production method including:
selecting raw materials for processing hot work die steel, and producing the raw materials into steel ingots by an electric furnace process and an electroslag remelting process;
homogenizing the steel ingot;
forging the homogenized steel ingot by adopting a three-pier three-drawing method to obtain a blank;
carrying out vacuum carburizing heat treatment on the blank, and carrying out oil quenching on the blank subjected to the vacuum carburizing heat treatment to obtain a workpiece;
and carrying out multistage vacuum heat treatment on the workpiece to obtain the hot-work die steel.
The hot work die steel raw material related by the embodiment mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.38 to 0.42, mo:1.00 to 1.30, cr: 5.00-5.25, V:1.13 to 1.33, mn:0.20 to 0.40, si:1.10 to 1.25, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements, wherein the impurity elements comprise S, B, cu and Sn.
Illustratively, C:0.40, mo:1.24, cr:5.15, V:1.21, mn:0.25, si:1.18, and the balance of iron and impurity elements, wherein the impurity elements comprise S, B, cu and Sn. The raw materials are produced into steel ingots by an electric furnace process and an electroslag remelting process according to the components.
Illustratively, C:0.39, mo:1.28, cr:5.24, V:1.18, mn:0.30, si:1.20, and the balance of iron and impurity elements, wherein the impurity elements comprise S, B, cu and Sn. The raw materials are produced into steel ingots by an electric furnace process and an electroslag remelting process according to the components.
Illustratively, C:0.41, mo:1.30, cr:5.24, V:1.27, mn:0.36, si:1.23, and the balance of iron and impurity elements, wherein the impurity elements comprise S, B, cu and Sn. The raw materials are produced into steel ingots by an electric furnace process and an electroslag remelting process according to the components.
Further, the steel ingot is homogenized at the temperature of 1150-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 12 hours, so that the segregation is eliminated, the precipitation phase re-dissolution and dendrite ablation are promoted, and the hot processing performance of the material is improved.
Further, forging the steel ingot by a three-pier three-drawing method, putting the steel ingot into a heating furnace, heating to 1120-1150 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 3 hours; during forging, the deformation of each upsetting is more than or equal to 50 percent, the elongation deformation is more than or equal to 60 percent, the initial forging temperature is 1100-1180 ℃, and the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 930 ℃. The grain size is controlled by adjusting the forging temperature and the deformation of the forging.
Further, the blank is subjected to vacuum carburizing heat treatment, the temperature of the vacuum carburizing heat treatment is 1000-1050 ℃, the time is 4.5-7 h, the pulse number is 10-15, and the diffusion ratio is 1:22, keeping the temperature of the carburized blank at 840-860 ℃ for 2h under the acetylene pressure of 2500Pa, and performing oil quenching on the carburized blank to ensure that the effective carburized layer thickness of the workpiece can reach more than 1.5mm, the surface hardness of the carburized layer can reach more than 970HV, the surface of the carburized layer is fine carbides which are uniformly dispersed and distributed, and the morphology is well controlled.
Further, performing multistage vacuum heat treatment on the workpiece, and adopting a three-section heating vacuum oil quenching process, wherein the first stage of the three-section heating vacuum oil quenching is at 550-580 ℃, the heating time is 10-15 h, and the heat preservation time is 1h; the temperature of the second stage of the three-stage heating vacuum oil quenching is 750-800 ℃, the heating time is 15-18 h, and the heat preservation time is 1h; the temperature of the third section of the three-section heating vacuum oil quenching is 1030-1050 ℃, the heating time can be adjusted according to the performance of the heating furnace, and is generally the heating time at the fastest heating rate of the furnace; and after preserving the heat for 2.5 to 3 hours, performing vacuum oil quenching on the workpiece. After the workpiece is completely austenitized, elements are fully diffused by long-time heat preservation, the structural uniformity of the edge part and the core part of the workpiece is improved, the toughness of the core part is improved, the transition of a carburized layer of the edge part is smooth, the hardness mutation is avoided, and the fatigue life of the workpiece is prolonged. Then three times of vacuum tempering are carried out, the temperature is 530-550 ℃, and the time is 2 hours. The hot die steel can obtain good obdurability matching through multistage heat treatment, the impact work of a core part reaches 270J, and the surface hardness are more than 970 HV.
Example 1
S1, the hot work die steel raw material related to the embodiment mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c:0.40, mo:1.24, cr:5.15, V:1.21, mn:0.25, si:1.18, and the balance of iron and impurity elements. After steel ingots are produced according to a conventional electric furnace and an electroslag remelting process, homogenizing the steel ingots, wherein the temperature of the homogenizing treatment is controlled to be 1175 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 13 hours.
S2, placing the steel ingot into a heating furnace, heating to 1130 ℃, and keeping the temperature for about 3 hours. And (3) carrying out a three-upsetting and three-drawing process, wherein the upsetting deformation is 55%, the drawing deformation is 65%, the initial forging temperature is 1106 ℃, the final forging temperature is 935 ℃, and annealing treatment is carried out after the forge piece is slowly cooled to obtain a blank.
And S3, carrying out vacuum carburizing heat treatment on the blank. The temperature of carburizing heat treatment is 1040 ℃, the time is 5 hours, the pulse number is 10, and the diffusion ratio is 1:22 acetylene pressure is 2500Pa. And (3) preserving the temperature of the blank after carburization at 850 ℃ for 2h, and performing oil quenching to obtain a workpiece, wherein the effective carburized layer thickness of the workpiece can reach 1.6mm, the surface hardness of the carburized layer is 980HV, and the surface of the carburized layer is fine carbide which is uniformly dispersed and distributed.
S4, performing multistage vacuum heat treatment on the workpiece, and adopting a three-section heating vacuum oil quenching process, wherein the first section temperature of the three-section heating vacuum oil quenching is 575 ℃, the heating time is 14h, and the heat preservation time is about 1h; the temperature of the second stage of the three-stage heating vacuum oil quenching is 760 ℃, the heating time is 16h, and the heat preservation time is about 1h; the temperature of the third section of the three-section heating vacuum oil quenching is 1040 ℃, and the time is 3.5h. After the heat preservation time is 3h, the workpiece is subjected to vacuum oil quenching. After the workpiece is completely austenitized, the temperature is preserved for a long time to fully diffuse elements, the structural uniformity of the edge part and the core part of the hot die steel is improved, the toughness of the core part is improved, and simultaneously, the transition of a carburized layer of the edge part is smooth, so that the hardness mutation is avoided, and the fatigue life of the workpiece is prolonged. And then carrying out three times of vacuum tempering on the workpiece at 540 ℃ for about 2 hours. The hot die steel obtains good toughness matching through multi-stage heat treatment, the core impact energy is 278J, the surface hardness is 980HV, and the surface carburized layer of the hot die steel is a large amount of spherical carbides, so that the wear resistance of the hot die steel can be improved, and the use requirements can be met.
Example 2
S1, the hot work die steel raw material related to the embodiment mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c:0.39, mo:1.28, cr:5.24, V:1.18, mn:0.30, si:1.20, and the balance of iron and impurity elements. After steel ingots are produced according to a conventional electric furnace and an electroslag remelting process, homogenizing the steel ingots, controlling the temperature of the homogenizing treatment at 1180 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 14 hours.
S2, placing the steel ingot into a heating furnace, heating to 1145 ℃, and keeping the temperature for about 3 hours. And (3) carrying out a three-upsetting and three-drawing process, wherein the upsetting deformation is 60%, the drawing deformation is 70%, the initial forging temperature is 1150 ℃, the final forging temperature is 950 ℃, and annealing treatment is carried out after the forge piece is slowly cooled to obtain a blank.
And S3, carrying out vacuum carburizing heat treatment on the blank. The temperature is 1045 ℃, the time is 4.5h, the pulse number is 10, and the diffusion permeability is 1:19 acetylene pressure 2500Pa. And (3) preserving heat for 2 hours at 845 ℃ after carburization, then performing oil quenching to obtain a workpiece, wherein the surface of a carburized layer of the workpiece is fine carbide which is uniformly dispersed and distributed, the thickness of the effective carburized layer can reach 1.5mm, the surface hardness of the carburized layer is 975HV, and in addition, the thickness of the carburized layer can be adjusted by adjusting carburization time.
S4, performing multistage vacuum heat treatment on the workpiece, and adopting a three-section heating vacuum oil quenching process to obtain a first section of oil quenching with the temperature of 575 ℃, the heating time of 14h and the heat preservation time of about 1h; the temperature of the second stage of the three-stage heating vacuum oil quenching is 790 ℃, the heating time is 17 hours, and the heat preservation time is about 1 hour; and the third stage of the three-stage heating vacuum oil quenching is 1045 ℃, the heating time is 3h, and the heat preservation time is 2.8h, and then the vacuum oil quenching is carried out on the workpiece. After the workpiece is completely austenitized, the temperature is kept for a long time to ensure that elements are fully diffused, the structural uniformity of the edge part and the core part of the workpiece is improved, the toughness of the core part is improved, and simultaneously, the transition of a carburized layer of the edge part is smooth, so that the hardness mutation is avoided, and the fatigue life of the workpiece is prolonged. Then, the workpiece is subjected to three times of vacuum tempering at the temperature of 545 ℃ for about 2 hours. The hot die steel obtains good toughness matching through multi-stage heat treatment, the core impact energy is 280J, the surface hardness is 975HV, and the surface carburized layer of the hot die steel is a large amount of spherical carbides, so that the wear resistance of the hot die steel can be improved, and the use requirement can be met.
Example 3
S1, the hot work die steel raw material related to the embodiment mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c:0.41, mo:1.30, cr:5.24,V:1.27, mn:0.36, si:1.23, and the balance of iron and impurity elements. After steel ingots are produced according to a conventional electric furnace and an electroslag remelting process, homogenizing the steel ingots, controlling the temperature of the homogenizing treatment at 1185 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 16 hours.
S2, placing the steel ingot into a heating furnace, heating to 1145 ℃, and keeping the temperature for about 3 hours. And (3) carrying out a three-upsetting and three-drawing process, wherein the upsetting deformation is 55%, the drawing deformation is 70%, the initial forging temperature is 1180 ℃, the final forging temperature is 950 ℃, and annealing treatment is carried out after the forge piece is slowly cooled to obtain a blank.
S3, carrying out vacuum carburization heat treatment on the blank, wherein the carburization temperature is 1050 ℃, the carburization time is 7h, the pulse number is 14, and the diffusion permeability is 1: acetylene pressure was 2500Pa. And (3) preserving the heat of the blank after carburization for 2h at 860 ℃, then carrying out oil quenching to obtain a workpiece, wherein the carburized layer surface of the workpiece is fine and uniformly dispersed carbide, the effective carburized layer thickness can reach 1.8mm, the surface hardness of the carburized layer is 985HV, and in addition, the carburized layer thickness can be adjusted by adjusting the carburization time.
S4, performing multistage vacuum heat treatment on the workpiece, and adopting a three-section heating vacuum oil quenching process, wherein the first section of the three-section heating vacuum oil quenching process is at 570 ℃, the heating time is 14 hours, and the heat preservation time is about 1 hour. The temperature of the second stage of the three-stage heating vacuum oil quenching is 780 ℃, the heating time is 17h, and the heat preservation time is about 1 h. And the third stage of the three-stage heating vacuum oil quenching is 1045 ℃, the heating time is 3.6 hours, and after the heat preservation time is 2.8, the workpiece is subjected to vacuum oil quenching. After the workpiece is completely austenitized, the temperature is kept for a long time to ensure that elements are fully diffused, the structural uniformity of the edge part and the core part of the workpiece is improved, the toughness of the core part is improved, and simultaneously, the transition of a carburized layer of the edge part is smooth, so that the hardness mutation is avoided, and the fatigue life of the workpiece is prolonged. And then, carrying out vacuum tempering on the workpiece for three times at 545 ℃ for about 2 hours. The hot die steel can obtain good toughness matching through multi-stage heat treatment, the core impact energy is over 287J, the surface hardness is 985HV, and the surface carburized layer of the hot die steel is a large amount of spherical carbides, so that the wear resistance of the hot die steel can be improved, and the use requirement can be met.
In conclusion, the invention obtains the hot-work die steel with high surface hardness and high impact toughness by providing proper high-temperature carburization process, multistage vacuum heat treatment and other means.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of producing hot work die steel, the method comprising;
selecting raw materials for processing hot work die steel, and producing the raw materials into steel ingots by an electric furnace process and an electroslag remelting process;
homogenizing the steel ingot;
forging the homogenized steel ingot by a three-pier three-drawing method, putting the homogenized steel ingot into a heating furnace, heating to 1120-1150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, wherein during forging, the upsetting deformation is more than or equal to 50% each time, the drawing deformation is more than or equal to 60%, the initial forging temperature is 1100-1180 ℃, and the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 930 ℃, so as to obtain a blank;
and (2) carrying out vacuum carburizing heat treatment on the blank, controlling the carburizing temperature to be 1000-1050 ℃, the time to be 4.5-7 h, the pulse number to be 10-15, and the diffusion ratio to be 1:22, carrying out oil quenching on the blank subjected to the vacuum carburizing heat treatment under the acetylene pressure of 2500Pa to obtain a workpiece;
and performing multistage vacuum heat treatment on the workpiece, adopting a three-stage heating vacuum oil quenching process, controlling the temperature of a first stage to be 550-580 ℃, the heating time to be 10-15 h, the heat preservation time to be 1h, the temperature of a second stage to be 750-800 ℃, the heating time to be 15-18 h, the heat preservation time to be 1h, the temperature of a third stage to be 1030-1050 ℃, the heat preservation time to be 2.5-3 h, performing vacuum oil quenching on the workpiece after heat preservation for 2.5-3 h, performing vacuum tempering on the workpiece after vacuum oil quenching for multiple times, controlling the temperature to be 530-550 ℃, and the time to be 2h to obtain the hot work die steel.
2. The production method of the hot work die steel according to claim 1, characterized in that the raw materials comprise the following components by mass percent:
c:0.38 to 0.42, mo:1.00 to 1.30, cr: 5.00-5.25, V:1.13 to 1.33, mn:0.20 to 0.40, si:1.10 to 1.25, and the balance of iron and impurity elements.
3. The method for producing hot work die steel according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 1150-1200 ℃, and the holding time is not less than 12h.
4. The method for producing hot work die steel according to claim 1, wherein the multi-pass forging temperature and the amount of deformation are adjusted when the ingot after the homogenization treatment is forged by a three-pier three-drawing method.
5. The method for producing a hot work die steel according to claim 1, wherein after the vacuum carburizing heat treatment of the blank:
and (3) preserving the heat of the blank subjected to the vacuum carburization heat treatment for 2 hours at the temperature of 840-860 ℃, and performing oil quenching treatment on the blank after the heat preservation for 2 hours.
6. The method for producing hot-work die steel according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum oil-quenched workpiece is vacuum-tempered three times.
7. The hot-work die steel is prepared based on the production method of the hot-work die steel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that raw materials for processing the hot-work die steel comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
c:0.38 to 0.42, mo:1.00 to 1.30, cr: 5.00-5.25, V:1.13 to 1.33, mn:0.20 to 0.40, si:1.10 to 1.25, and the balance of iron and impurity elements.
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Effective date of registration: 20231221 Address after: Chengdu International Railway Port Comprehensive Bonded Zone, No. 1533 Xiangdao Avenue, Qingbaijiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610300 Patentee after: Chengdu advanced metal material industry technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: PANGANG GROUP JIANGYOU CHANGCHENG SPECIAL STEEL Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 1509, xiangdao Avenue, Chengxiang Town, Qingbaijiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610306 Patentee before: Chengdu advanced metal material industry technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd. |