CN116462314A - Seawater autotrophic nitrification type biological flocculation culture method - Google Patents
Seawater autotrophic nitrification type biological flocculation culture method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical group [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241001441722 Takifugu rubripes Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 11
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001397 Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019740 Vitamins/micromineral premix Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000589651 Zoogloea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a seawater autotrophic nitrification type biological flocculation culture method, which is characterized in that a mixed culture system which is adaptive to seawater and contains biological flocculation and bacillus subtilis is obtained by stepwise salinity adjustment, and the seawater autotrophic nitrification type biological flocculation is obtained by adding low-carbon feed and an alkalinity regulator. The invention can construct an in-situ biological floc water treatment system for culturing the fugu rubripes, and the cultured seawater autotrophic nitrification type biological flocs have the effect of purifying water quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a seawater autotrophic nitrification type biological floc culture method.
Background
In the aquaculture activity, the cultured fishes can only digest and absorb 20% -25% of protein in the feeding baits, the rest of protein exists in the aquaculture water environment in the form of ammonia nitrogen, residual baits and feces, and the water area environment is seriously polluted by the discharge of the aquaculture sewage in the aquaculture process. The biological flocculation technology promotes the propagation of heterotrophic bacteria in the water body by controlling the water body nutrition structure, utilizes microorganisms to assimilate inorganic nitrogen, converts culture metabolites such as ammonia nitrogen and the like in the water body into bacteria components, and can maintain stable water environment, reduce water exchange amount, improve culture survival rate, increase yield and reduce feed coefficient by flocculating the bacteria into granular substances to be ingested by cultured animals. In the prior art, the application of biological flocs generally requires the addition of a carbon source to adjust the C/N ratio in a water body, and molasses and chaff are added into the water body as organic carbon sources (sugar and polysaccharide) by a method disclosed in Chinese patent (CN 106754495A), and decomposed straw powder is added as a carbon source by a method disclosed in Chinese patent (CN 106754461B). However, in the cultivation environment of seawater-economical fish, the ingestion and utilization rate of saccharides by fish, particularly carnivorous fish, is extremely low, and the additional carbon source is usually only decomposed and ingested by microorganisms. If a more efficient and stable ecological system for symbiosis of biological flocs and marine fishes can be established on the basis of the prior art for mariculture, the culture cost is reduced, and the sustainable development of the environment is facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a seawater autotrophic nitrification type biological flocculation culture method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a biological floc cultivation system;
s2, adding bacillus subtilis into the biological floc cultivation system to obtain a mixed cultivation system; and acclimating the mixed cultivation system to adapt to the salinity of mariculture;
s3, adding low-carbon feed and an alkalinity regulator into the mixed cultivation system, and keeping the temperature of water at 20+/-3 ℃ and the pH value range at 7.5-8.5, and continuously cultivating for 40-60 days under the condition of 24h moderate aeration;
wherein, each kiloliter of the mixed cultivation system contains 100-500g of biological flocs and 10-30g of bacillus subtilis; the mass fraction of each component of the low-carbon feed is defined according to the following parameters: the protein is not less than 50%, the crude fat is not less than 10%, the crude fiber is not more than 8.0%, and the total phosphorus is not less than 0.8%.
The invention can construct an in-situ biological floc water treatment system for culturing the fugu rubripes, and the cultured seawater autotrophic nitrification type biological flocs have the effect of purifying water quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1: a flow chart of one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The related art will be explained and explained first.
The biological floc is a floc formed by combining heterotrophic microorganisms serving as a main body in a culture water body with organic matters, inorganic matters, protozoa, algae and the like in the water body through flocculation, and is a floc insoluble substance consisting of zoogloea and filamentous bacteria serving as cores, extracellular products, extracellular polymers, intracellular products (poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate, polyphosphate, polysaccharide and the like) of the attached microorganisms, and organisms such as heterotrophic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, algae, fungi, protozoa and the like.
Nitrifying bacteria (nitrifying bacteria) are aerobic and autotrophic bacteria, can be used for improving the water quality of various sea and fresh water, and can decompose and remove toxic ammonia and nitrous acid in water body through nitrification so as to achieve the effect of purifying water quality. Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) is an aerobic gram-positive bacterium, and a plurality of extracellular enzymes generated after multiplication in water can decompose organic matters such as starch, protein, fat and the like in the culture water body and the sediment, so that the effects of reducing eutrophication of the culture water body and reducing the generation of the sediment are achieved.
It should be noted that the term "sufficient aeration" means that at least the minimum amount of air supply required to saturate the water body with dissolved oxygen is used while the water body is uniformly aerated.
The specific gravity of the saline water body is measured by adopting a specific gravity meter which is conventionally used in the field, the measured specific gravity is converted into the salinity, and the relation between the specific gravity and the salinity can be converted by the following empirical formula, namely:
when the water temperature (t) is higher than 17.5 ℃ in measurement:
s (mill) =1305 (specific gravity-1) +0.3 (t-17.5) formula I
When the water temperature (t) is lower than 17.5 ℃ during measurement:
s (mill) =1305 (specific gravity-1) -0.2 (t-17.5) formula II
The present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments and examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and nature of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
In the invention, the biological flocs cultivated by the prior art fresh water cultivation are adopted, and in some embodiments, the fresh water biological flocs cultivated by the biological flocs reactor described in the biological flocculation reactor of Shanghai ocean university on the sea production and cultivation engineering technical research center through documents (Liu Wenchang, luo Guozhi, tan Hongxin and the like) and the biological flocculation reactor is used for treating sewage in a pilot-test circulating water cultivation system, agricultural engineering journal and 2016,32 (08).
Some embodiments include the steps as in fig. 1:
s1, preparing a biological floc cultivation system;
s2, adding bacillus subtilis into the biological floc cultivation system to obtain a mixed cultivation system containing the biological floc and the bacillus subtilis; and acclimating the mixed culture system to adapt to the salinity of the mariculture.
S3, adding low-carbon feed and an alkalinity regulator into the mixed cultivation system, and keeping the temperature of water at 20+/-3 ℃ and the pH value range at 7.5-8.5, and continuously cultivating for 40-60 days under the condition of 24h moderate aeration.
Wherein, each kiloliter of the mixed cultivation system contains 100-500g of biological flocs and 10-30g of bacillus subtilis; the mass fractions of the components of the low-carbon feed are defined according to the following parameters: the protein is not less than 50%, the crude fat is not less than 10%, the crude fiber is not more than 8.0%, and the total phosphorus is not less than 0.8%.
In the steps, foam floating on the surface of the water body is separated in time, and the wall of the biological floc cultivation system or the mixed cultivation system is ensured to be free of solid matter suspension. Periodically detecting water quality; observing the growth condition of the biological flocs, measuring the concentration of the biological flocs, and collecting the biological flocs by adopting a precipitation method if the concentration of the biological flocs exceeds 850mg/L according to the TSS measurement of the total suspended matters so as to prevent the bottom of the water body from being anoxic.
In some more specific embodiments, step S2 further comprises: the salinity of the mixed cultivation system is regulated to 15-25 per mill in a stepwise manner, and the mixed cultivation system is continuously cultivated for 3-12 days under the condition of keeping the water temperature to be 20+/-3 ℃ and the pH value range to be 7.5-8.5 and the moderate aeration time to be 24 hours.
In some more specific embodiments, in the step S3, the water temperature is maintained at 20+/-3 ℃, the pH value ranges from 7.5 to 8.5, and the culture is continued for 40 to 60 days under the condition of 24 hours moderate aeration, and the adopted low-carbon feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass: protein not less than 50%, crude fat not less than 10%, crude fiber not more than 8.0%, total phosphorus not less than 0.8%, wherein lysine mass fraction not less than 2.4%. The alkalinity regulator is sodium bicarbonate.
The following examples were obtained by appropriately adjusting the parameters of each step based on the above embodiments.
Example 1
In the step S1, biological flocs cultured by fresh water are placed in fully aerated fresh water.
S2, adding seawater or strong brine to the mixed cultivation system for multiple times to adjust the salinity, and increasing the salinity of 2 specific gravities each time; and (3) continuously culturing for 3 days in each salinity stage, and finally raising the salinity to 20 per mill. The water temperature is kept at 20+/-3 ℃, the pH value ranges from 7.5 to 8.5, and the culture is carried out for 12 days under the condition of moderate aeration for 24 hours.
In the step S3, the adopted low-carbon feed is a special vitamin and mineral premix for the sea fish, and is purchased from Qingdao Saigrin marine organism feed Co.
500g of biological flocs and 10g of bacillus subtilis are counted in the mixed cultivation system per kiloliter of the embodiment.
Example 2:
the difference from example 1 is that: adding seawater or strong brine into the mixed cultivation system for several times to adjust the salinity of the water body, specifically, increasing the salinity of 2 specific gravity at each time; incubation was continued for 3 days at each salinity stage. And adding a proper amount of bacillus subtilis while adjusting the salinity of the water body each time.
Each kiloliter of the mixed cultivation system contains 400g of biological flocs and 20g of bacillus subtilis.
Example 3:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that: each kiloliter of the mixed cultivation system contains 300g of biological flocs and 30g of bacillus subtilis.
Example 4:
unlike example 2, this example was carried out in a mixed cultivation system as in example 2 while raising the seedlings of Takifugu rubripes and supplementing the amount of low-carbon feed daily. The culture experiment is carried out for 60 days, the seawater salinity is 25 per mill, the temperature is 20+/-3 ℃, and the culture density is 90+/-10 per cubic meter. And (5) observing the growth condition of fish and biological flocs in the water body.
After the cultivation period is ended, the survival rate of the fugu rubripes seedlings is more than 75%, the weight gain rate is 285%, the feed efficiency is 0.86%, and the weight gain rate (weight gain, WG,%) = (final weight-initial weight)/initial weight multiplied by 100; feed efficiency (feed efficiency ratio, FER) =weight gain (g)/food intake dry weight of feed (g).
Test examples
Four culture ponds are prepared, each culture pond is put with 80 tails per cubic meter of adult fish (body length 400+/-20 mm) of the takifugu rubripes, each culture pond adopts culture water with the same water quality, the salinity is kept at 25 per mill, and the temperature is 20+/-3 ℃ for marine culture experiments.
Test group: the biological flocs in the mixed cultivation system of the embodiment 1-3 are respectively put into three cultivation pools to form test groups 1-3, and the initial value of the volume FV of the biological flocs put into each cultivation pool is 10mL/L.
Blank control group: and the fourth culture pond is not filled with biological flocs.
The water quality at the beginning of the test was tested. The water bodies of the culture ponds of each experimental group were monitored at 12 hours, 24 hours and 36 hours, respectively, from the start and the results are shown in tables 1 to 3. The water bodies of the culture ponds of the blank group were monitored at 12 hours, 24 hours and 36 hours, respectively, from the start and the results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 1 test results for test group 1
TABLE 2 test results for test group 2
TABLE 3 test results for test group 3
TABLE 4 test results for blank group
The result shows that the finally cultured seawater autotrophic nitrification type biological flocculation has a water treatment effect, nitrite and ammonium salt in water can be removed by 3 experimental groups, and the growth of the biological flocculation is influenced by the addition of bacillus subtilis. The biological flocs cultured under the culture conditions of example 3 are preferred.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description, embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A seawater autotrophic nitrification biological floc culture method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a biological floc cultivation system;
s2, adding bacillus subtilis into the biological floc cultivation system to obtain a mixed cultivation system; and acclimating the mixed cultivation system to adapt to the salinity of mariculture;
s3, adding low-carbon feed and an alkalinity regulator into the mixed cultivation system, and keeping the temperature of water at 20+/-3 ℃ and the pH value range at 7.5-8.5, and continuously cultivating for 40-60 days under the condition of 24h moderate aeration;
wherein, each kiloliter of the mixed cultivation system contains 200-500g of biological flocs and 10-30g of bacillus subtilis; the mass fraction of each component of the low-carbon feed is defined according to the following parameters: the protein is not less than 50%, the crude fat is not less than 10%, the crude fiber is not more than 8.0%, and the total phosphorus is not less than 0.8%.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein 30g of bacillus subtilis is contained per kiloliter of said biological floc cultivation system.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein step S1 comprises, in particular, placing the fresh water cultured biological flocs in substantially aerated fresh water.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the salinity of the mixed culture system is adjusted stepwise to 15-25%o, and the culture is continued for 3-12 days under the condition of maintaining the water temperature at 20+ -3 ℃ and the pH value range of 7.5-8.5 and the moderate aeration for 24 hours.
5. A method according to claim 3, wherein the salinity of the biological floc cultivation system is increased by 1-2 specific gravity at a time in step S2; incubation was continued for 1-3 days at each salinity stage.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the mass fraction of lysine added to the mixed culture system is not less than 2.4%, and the alkalinity regulator is sodium bicarbonate.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein any of the steps S1-S3 further comprises: collecting biological flocs by adopting a precipitation method.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein any of the steps S1-S3 further comprises: the floating foam was filtered off.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the components of the low carbon feed comprise: fish meal, shrimp meal, fish oil, grains, vitamins and minerals.
10. A method for seafood cultivation using seawater autotrophic nitrification-type biological flocs, characterized in that the seawater autotrophic nitrification-type biological flocs obtained by any one of the methods as claimed in claims 1 to 9 are used for seafood cultivation.
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