CN116370570A - 一种无花果组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种无花果组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116370570A CN116370570A CN202310077518.4A CN202310077518A CN116370570A CN 116370570 A CN116370570 A CN 116370570A CN 202310077518 A CN202310077518 A CN 202310077518A CN 116370570 A CN116370570 A CN 116370570A
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于中药组合物技术领域，本发明提供了一种无花果组合物及其制备方法和应用。本发明提供的无花果组合物，由包含如下重量份的原料制备得到：无花果粉70～80份，杜仲55～65份，菊花50～60份，甘草45～55份，丹参35～45份，柠檬粉35～45份，枳壳30～40份，红景天25～35份，荷叶粉25～35份，山楂20～30份，苍术15～25份，陈皮15～25份，麦冬10～20份，决明子10～20份，小球藻粉5～10份。本发明各组分配伍合理，协同奏效，不仅使组合物具有降血压的功效，还赋予其美容养颜、开胃生津等功效。本发明组合物具有起效快、药效显著、作用温和、毒副作用小等优点，应用前景广阔。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药组合物技术领域，尤其涉及一种无花果组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
高血压(hypertension)是一种以动脉压异常升高为主要特征的心血管疾病。病因分为原发性高血压和继发性高血压。前者占高血压的90％，称为高血压病。该病属于中医的“眩晕”、“头痛”等范畴。目前虽然西医治疗的疗效较好，但该疗法对合并症及其并发症的治疗困难较大，同时会导致不同程度的副作用，患者往往难以忍受，不能坚持治疗。
无花果为桑科榕属植物无花果Ficus carica L.的果实。无花果含有苹果酸、柠檬酸、脂肪酶、蛋白酶、水解酶等，能帮助人体对食物的消化，促进食欲，又因其含有多种脂类，故具有润肠通便的效果。另外，无花果所含的脂肪酶、水解酶等有降低血脂和分解血脂的功能，可减少脂肪在血管内的沉积，进而起到降血压的作用。目前，有关无花果组合物在治疗高血压疾病方面的研究还少有报道。
发明内容
为克服现有技术中存在的上述缺陷，本发明提供了一种无花果组合物及其制备方法和应用。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
本发明提供了一种无花果组合物，由包含如下重量份的原料制备得到：无花果粉70～80份，杜仲55～65份，菊花50～60份，甘草45～55份，丹参35～45份，柠檬粉35～45份，枳壳30～40份，红景天25～35份，荷叶粉25～35份，山楂20～30份，苍术15～25份，陈皮15～25份，麦冬10～20份，决明子10～20份，小球藻粉5～10份。
优选的，所述无花果粉的粒径为60～180μm，所述柠檬粉的粒径为200～250μm，所述荷叶粉的粒径为120～200μm，所述小球藻粉的粒径为150～180μm。
本发明还提供了一种无花果组合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将杜仲、菊花、甘草、丹参、枳壳、红景天、山楂、苍术、陈皮、麦冬和决明子混合，粉碎过筛，收集筛下物；
(2)将上述所得筛下物与水混合，搅拌至完全溶解后进行煎煮，得药液a；
(3)将无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉、小球藻粉与水混合进行煎煮，得药液b；
(4)将药液a与药液b混合，减压浓缩至原体积的1/8～1/6，得无花果组合物。
优选的，步骤(1)中所述过筛的目数为80～120目。
优选的，步骤(2)中所述筛下物与水的混合比例为1g:2～4mL，所述煎煮的温度为90～100℃，所述煎煮的时间为80～120min。
优选的，步骤(3)中所述无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉、小球藻粉的总重量与水的混合比例为1g:1～3mL，所述煎煮的温度为75～85℃，所述煎煮的时间为60～90min。
优选的，步骤(4)中所述减压浓缩的温度为45～55℃。
本发明还提供了无花果组合物在制备治疗高血压的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了无花果组合物在制备保健品中的应用。
无花果粉：无花果粉保留了无花果中的丰富营养，它含有大量脂肪酶和水解酶，这些活性酶被人体吸收后能净化血液并能清理血液中的胆固醇和甘油三脂，能防止血小板凝结成块，减少脂肪在血管内的沉积，进而起到降血压的作用。
杜仲：甘微辛，温，无毒。入肝、肾经。具有降血压作用。
菊花：味苦、甘，性微寒。归肺、肝经。散风清热，平肝明目，清热解毒。
甘草：味甘，性平。归心、肺、脾、胃经。补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药。
丹参：味苦，微寒。归心、肝经。活血祛瘀，通经止痛，清心除烦，凉血消痈。
柠檬粉：含有大量的维生素C和柠檬酸，具有美白皮肤、增强免疫力等功效。
枳壳：苦、辛、酸，微寒。归脾、胃经。理气宽中，行滞消胀。
红景天：味甘、苦，性平。归肺、心经。益气活血，通脉平喘。具有降血压、抗疲劳、抗衰老等功效。
荷叶粉：味苦涩、微咸，性辛凉。现代药理研究表明，荷叶具有降血压、降血脂、减肥的功效。
山楂：酸、甘，微温。归脾、胃、肝经。消食健胃，行气散瘀，化浊降脂。
苍术：味辛、苦，性温。归脾、胃、肝经。燥湿健脾，祛风散寒，明目。
陈皮：味苦、辛，性温。归肺、脾经。理气健脾，燥湿化痰。
麦冬：甘，微苦，微寒。归心、肺、胃经。养阴生津，润肺止咳。
决明子：味苦、甘、咸，性微寒。入肝、肾、大肠经。润肠通便，降脂明目，具有治疗便秘和高血压的作用。
小球藻粉：小球藻细胞内富含多不饱和脂肪酸，如亚油酸等，具有调节血脂血压、降血黏等功效。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
1、本发明以无花果粉为主要原料，无花果粉保留了无花果中的丰富营养，它含有大量脂肪酶和水解酶，这些活性酶被人体吸收后能净化血液并能清理血液中的胆固醇和甘油三脂，能防止血小板凝结成块，减少脂肪在血管内的沉积，进而起到降血压的作用，又佐以杜仲、红景天、荷叶粉、决明子、小球藻粉等，各组分协同配合，使降血压效果更加显著。本发明还添加了菊花、丹参、柠檬粉、枳壳、山楂、陈皮等组分，与无花果粉、杜仲等协同奏效，又以甘草调和诸药，不仅使组合物具有降血压的功效，还赋予其美容养颜、开胃生津等功效。
2、本发明制备得到的无花果组合物具有起效快、药效显著、作用温和、毒副作用小等优点，应用前景广阔。
3.本发明制备工艺合理，最大程度地保留了药物的有效成分，去除了有毒副作用的物质，整个制备过程简单易操作，适用于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种无花果组合物，由包含如下重量份的原料制备得到：无花果粉70～80份，杜仲55～65份，菊花50～60份，甘草45～55份，丹参35～45份，柠檬粉35～45份，枳壳30～40份，红景天25～35份，荷叶粉25～35份，山楂20～30份，苍术15～25份，陈皮15～25份，麦冬10～20份，决明子10～20份，小球藻粉5～10份。
在本发明中，所述的无花果组合物优选由包含如下重量份的原料制备得到：无花果粉72～78份，杜仲58～62份，菊花52～58份，甘草48～52份，丹参38～42份，柠檬粉38～42份，枳壳32～38份，红景天28～32份，荷叶粉28～32份，山楂22～28份，苍术18～22份，陈皮18～22份，麦冬12～18份，决明子12～18份，小球藻粉6～8份。
在本发明中，所述的无花果组合物进一步优选由包含如下重量份的原料制备得到：无花果粉75份，杜仲60份，菊花55份，甘草50份，丹参40份，柠檬粉40份，枳壳35份，红景天30份，荷叶粉30份，山楂25份，苍术20份，陈皮20份，麦冬15份，决明子15份，小球藻粉7份。
在本发明中，所述无花果粉的粒径优选为60～180μm，进一步优选为90～150μm，更进一步优选为130μm；所述柠檬粉的粒径优选为200～250μm，进一步优选为220～230μm，更进一步优选为225μm；所述荷叶粉的粒径优选为120～200μm，进一步优选为150～170μm，更进一步优选为160μm；所述小球藻粉的粒径优选为150～180μm，进一步优选为160～170μm，更进一步优选为165μm。
本发明还提供了一种无花果组合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将杜仲、菊花、甘草、丹参、枳壳、红景天、山楂、苍术、陈皮、麦冬和决明子混合，粉碎过筛，收集筛下物；
(2)将上述所得筛下物与水混合，搅拌至完全溶解后进行煎煮，得药液a；
(3)将无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉、小球藻粉与水混合进行煎煮，得药液b；
(4)将药液a与药液b混合，减压浓缩至原体积的1/8～1/6，得无花果组合物。
在本发明中，步骤(1)中所述过筛的目数优选为80～120目，进一步优选为90～110目，更进一步优选为100目。
在本发明中，步骤(2)中所述筛下物与水的混合比例优选为1g:2～4mL，进一步优选为1g:3mL；所述煎煮的温度优选为90～100℃，进一步优选为92～98℃，更进一步优选为95℃；所述煎煮的时间优选为80～120min，进一步优选为90～110min，更进一步优选为100min。
在本发明中，步骤(3)中所述无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉、小球藻粉的总重量与水的混合比例优选为1g:1～3mL，进一步优选为1g:2mL；所述煎煮的温度优选为75～85℃，进一步优选为78～82℃，更进一步优选为80℃；所述煎煮的时间优选为60～90min，进一步优选为70～80min，更进一步优选为75min。
在本发明中，步骤(4)中所述减压浓缩至原体积的1/8～1/6，进一步优选为减压浓缩至原体积的1/7。
在本发明中，步骤(4)中所述减压浓缩的温度优选为45～55℃，进一步优选为48～52℃，更进一步优选为50℃。
本发明还提供了无花果组合物在制备治疗高血压的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了无花果组合物在制备保健品中的应用。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细的说明，但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
以下实施例中的无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉均购买自西安金萃坊植物技术开发有限公司；小球藻粉购买自陕西元贝贝生物科技有限公司。
实施例1
(1)将55份杜仲、50份菊花、45份甘草、35份丹参、30份枳壳、25份红景天、20份山楂、15份苍术、15份陈皮、10份麦冬和10份决明子混合，粉碎过80目筛，收集筛下物；
(2)将上述所得筛下物与水按照1g:2mL的比例在砂锅中混合，搅拌至完全溶解后于90℃的温度下煎煮80min，得药液a；
(3)将70份无花果粉、35份柠檬粉、25份荷叶粉、5份小球藻粉与水(所述无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉、小球藻粉的总重量与水的混合比例为1g:1mL)在砂锅中混合，于75℃的温度下煎煮60min，得药液b；
(4)将药液a与药液b混合，于45℃的温度下减压浓缩至原体积的1/8，得无花果组合物。
实施例2
(1)将60份杜仲、55份菊花、50份甘草、40份丹参、35份枳壳、30份红景天、25份山楂、20份苍术、20份陈皮、15份麦冬和15份决明子混合，粉碎过100目筛，收集筛下物；
(2)将上述所得筛下物与水按照1g:3mL的比例在砂锅中混合，搅拌至完全溶解后于95℃的温度下煎煮100min，得药液a；
(3)将75份无花果粉、40份柠檬粉、30份荷叶粉、7份小球藻粉与水(所述无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉、小球藻粉的总重量与水的混合比例为1g:2mL)在砂锅中混合，于80℃的温度下煎煮75min，得药液b；
(4)将药液a与药液b混合，于50℃的温度下减压浓缩至原体积的1/7，得无花果组合物。
实施例3
(1)将65份杜仲、60份菊花、55份甘草、45份丹参、40份枳壳、35份红景天、30份山楂、25份苍术、25份陈皮、20份麦冬和20份决明子混合，粉碎过120目筛，收集筛下物；
(2)将上述所得筛下物与水按照1g:4mL的比例在砂锅中混合，搅拌至完全溶解后于100℃的温度下煎煮120min，得药液a；
(3)将80份无花果粉、45份柠檬粉、35份荷叶粉、10份小球藻粉与水(所述无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉、小球藻粉的总重量与水的混合比例为1g:3mL)在砂锅中混合，于85℃的温度下煎煮90min，得药液b；
(4)将药液a与药液b混合，于55℃的温度下减压浓缩至原体积的1/6，得无花果组合物。
对比例1
除减去无花果粉和杜仲两个组分，并将红景天改为黄芪之外，其余组分及组分用量、制备工艺及工艺参数均与实施例2保持一致。
对比例2
除将无花果粉用量改为40份，杜仲用量改为20份，菊花用量改为80份之外，其余组分及组分用量、制备工艺及工艺参数均与实施例2保持一致。
对比例3
(1)将60份杜仲、55份菊花、50份甘草、40份丹参、35份枳壳、30份红景天、25份山楂、20份苍术、20份陈皮、15份麦冬和15份决明子混合，粉碎过100目筛，收集筛下物；
(2)将上述所得筛下物与水按照1g:6mL的比例在砂锅中混合，搅拌至完全溶解后于80℃的温度下煎煮50min，得药液a；
(3)将75份无花果粉、40份柠檬粉、30份荷叶粉、7份小球藻粉与水(所述无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉、小球藻粉的总重量与水的混合比例为1g:5mL)在砂锅中混合，于100℃的温度下煎煮120min，得药液b；
(4)将药液a与药液b混合，于30℃的温度下减压浓缩至原体积的1/5，得无花果组合物。
实验例1
以实施例1～3和对比例1～3制得的无花果组合物为例，研究不同组合物的降血压功效：
(1)实验动物：选用70只自发性高血压SPF级SHR雄性大鼠和10只SPF级WISTAR雄性大鼠(购买自山东省实验动物中心)，各大鼠周龄9～11，体重160～210g。
(2)分组设置：
普通组：10只SPF级WISTAR雄性大鼠，给予蒸馏水；
模型组：10只自发性高血压SPF级SHR雄性大鼠，给予蒸馏水；
实验组：每组10只SPF级WISTAR雄性大鼠，共3组，分别给予实施例1～3制得的无花果组合物；
对照组：每组10只SPF级WISTAR雄性大鼠，共3组，分别给予对比例1～3制得的无花果组合物。
(3)给药方式：灌胃给药，每天上午10点按照大鼠体重给药1.2mL/100g，连续给药4周。
(4)实验方法：根据保健食品检验与评价技术规范(2003版)第九章辅助降血压功能检验方法来测定大鼠血压。实验前一周对受试动物采用尾脉搏进行多次血压测量，使其适应测压环境。采用智能无创血压计，测定实验大鼠动脉收缩压。测压前，将大鼠置于大鼠网保温套中，并根据每只动物体型用鼠袋将其固定，在40℃下恒温预热10min。然后将大鼠加压感应器套入鼠尾根部。实验期间给药前及给药后每周测量血压1次，共测量4周。
(5)数据统计：使用SPSS统计软件进行数据处理，组间比较采用ANOVA方差分析检验，P＜0.05为差异显著，P＜0.01为差异非常显著。结果如表1所示。
表1各组对大鼠血压值的影响
注：与普通组比较：##为P＜0.01；与模型组比较：*为P＜0.05，**为P＜0.01
由表1可知，与普通组相比，模型组的大鼠血压值明显升高，具有极显著差异(P＜0.01)；与模型组相比，本发明实施例1～3的大鼠血压值均明显下降，而对比例1～3的大鼠血压值下降不明显，其中实施例1和实施例3与模型组相比具有显著差异(P＜0.05)，实施例2与模型组相比具有极显著差异(P＜0.01)。本发明实施例1～3中的组合物的降压效果明显优于各个对比例中的组合物。可见，本发明无花果组合物中的各个组分、组分用量及制备工艺都是协同配合的，三者缺一不可。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种无花果组合物，其特征在于，由包含如下重量份的原料制备得到：无花果粉70～80份，杜仲55～65份，菊花50～60份，甘草45～55份，丹参35～45份，柠檬粉35～45份，枳壳30～40份，红景天25～35份，荷叶粉25～35份，山楂20～30份，苍术15～25份，陈皮15～25份，麦冬10～20份，决明子10～20份，小球藻粉5～10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种无花果组合物，其特征在于，所述无花果粉的粒径为60～180μm，所述柠檬粉的粒径为200～250μm，所述荷叶粉的粒径为120～200μm，所述小球藻粉的粒径为150～180μm。
3.权利要求1或2所述的一种无花果组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)将杜仲、菊花、甘草、丹参、枳壳、红景天、山楂、苍术、陈皮、麦冬和决明子混合，粉碎过筛，收集筛下物；
(2)将上述所得筛下物与水混合，搅拌至完全溶解后进行煎煮，得药液a；
(3)将无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉、小球藻粉与水混合进行煎煮，得药液b；
(4)将药液a与药液b混合，减压浓缩至原体积的1/8～1/6，得无花果组合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种无花果组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中所述过筛的目数为80～120目。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的一种无花果组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中所述筛下物与水的混合比例为1g:2～4mL，所述煎煮的温度为90～100℃，所述煎煮的时间为80～120min。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种无花果组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中所述无花果粉、柠檬粉、荷叶粉、小球藻粉的总重量与水的混合比例为1g:1～3mL，所述煎煮的温度为75～85℃，所述煎煮的时间为60～90min。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种无花果组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)中所述减压浓缩的温度为45～55℃。
8.权利要求1或2所述的无花果组合物、权利要求3～7任意一项制备方法所制得的无花果组合物在制备治疗高血压的药物中的应用。
9.权利要求1或2所述的无花果组合物、权利要求3～7任意一项制备方法所制得的无花果组合物在制备保健品中的应用。
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