CN116369426A - Feed additive containing practical microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed additive containing practical microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116369426A CN116369426A CN202310659185.6A CN202310659185A CN116369426A CN 116369426 A CN116369426 A CN 116369426A CN 202310659185 A CN202310659185 A CN 202310659185A CN 116369426 A CN116369426 A CN 116369426A
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- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, in particular to a feed additive containing a practical microbial inoculum and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing fruit fungus, chinese medicine, rabbit stomach, white granulated sugar, glucose, brown sugar and honey, and anaerobic fermenting to obtain primordium; and mixing the raw bacteria, the corn flour, the bran, the brown sugar and the glucose, and fermenting in a light-shielding closed environment with the humidity of 35-45% to prepare the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum. The feed additive can supplement vitamins and microelements required by livestock and poultry, has diversified gain effects, and can promote weight gain of livestock and poultry, so that the meat yield reaches more than 75%; the feed additive is beneficial to reducing ammonia gas generated by livestock and poultry excreta, and remarkably improving the feeding environment of livestock and poultry, thereby further improving the weight gain effect of the livestock and poultry; in addition, the feed additive has lower use cost, and excellent action and effect can be obtained by only adding 30-35 jin of the feed additive into each ton of complete feed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, in particular to a feed additive containing a practical microbial inoculum and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Because livestock and poultry in the breeding industry are frequently ill and dead, the economic benefit of farmers is seriously influenced, and the normal development of the breeding industry is hindered. To solve this problem, researchers have developed various kinds of feed additives including chemical additives, herbal feed additives, and the like. At present, various Chinese herbal medicine feed additives are disclosed in various patents, and the main purposes are to replace antibiotics, improve the immunity of livestock and poultry, improve the survival rate of livestock and poultry and promote the weight gain of livestock and poultry.
However, most research and development personnel of the additive only pay attention to how to improve the survival rate of livestock and poultry and promote the weight gain of the livestock and poultry, so that the effect of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine feed additive is single. And improving the livestock raising environment can promote the health condition of livestock and poultry, thereby being beneficial to improving the economic benefit of the breeding industry. However, no feed additive has been used so far to achieve the overall effect of promoting weight gain and improving the feeding environment of livestock and poultry.
Therefore, how to provide a comprehensive multi-effect feed additive is a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is particularly proposed to solve the above technical problems. Specifically:
the invention provides a preparation method of a feed additive containing a practical microbial agent, which comprises the following steps:
preparing fruit fungus: mixing grape, apple, flat peach, lemon, passion fruit, carrot, dragon fruit, banana, color pepper, orange, pear, glucose and white granulated sugar, and anaerobic fermentation to obtain fruit fungus;
preparing a traditional Chinese medicine mixture: mixing herba plantaginis, herba Taraxaci, carthami flos, glycyrrhrizae radix, radix astragali, barley malt, wheat malt, fructus Lycii, zingiberis rhizoma, herba Leonuri, pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, radix Angelicae sinensis, radix Codonopsis, wild spina date seed, folium Chaenomelis, semen Armeniacae amarum, flos Chrysanthemi, ginseng radix fibrous, stigma croci Sativi, cordyceps, herba Dendrobii and radix Ophiopogonis to obtain a Chinese medicinal mixture;
preparing a raw bacterium: mixing the fruit fungus, the traditional Chinese medicine mixture, rabbit stomach, white granulated sugar, glucose, brown sugar and honey, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation to obtain a raw fungus;
and mixing the primordium, the corn flour, the bran, the brown sugar and the glucose, and fermenting in a light-shielding closed environment with the humidity of 35-45% to obtain the feed additive containing the practical microbial agent.
Through a large number of attempts on preparation of fruit bacteria and combination of traditional Chinese medicines, the invention discovers that the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum prepared by the preparation method can protect intestines and stomach of animals, help livestock digest feed, promote livestock weight gain, simultaneously reduce ammonia generated by livestock excrement, obviously improve the feeding environment of the livestock, and promote the weight gain effect of the livestock together in the two aspects of animal body and feeding environment, and obviously improve the meat yield and meat quality.
In the specific implementation process, the traditional Chinese medicines are crushed and mixed to prepare the traditional Chinese medicine mixture.
Preferably, anaerobic fermentation is carried out at 20-30 ℃ for 10-15 days to obtain the fruit fungus.
The fruit fungus prepared by fermentation under the above conditions has better effect.
Preferably, anaerobic fermentation is carried out at 20-30 ℃ for 7-10 days to obtain the primordium.
Preferably, the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum is prepared after fermentation for 20-30 days in a light-shielding closed environment with the humidity of 35-45%.
Preferably, when the fruit fungus is prepared, the weight ratio of (10-15), 1-5, 3-8, 1-4, 5-10, 0.5-1.5, 5-10, 3-5, 3-8, 12-18, and the weight ratio of (10-15), orange, pear, glucose and white granulated sugar is (1-5, 3-18).
Preferably, when the traditional Chinese medicine mixture is prepared, the weight ratio of plantain herb, dandelion, safflower, liquorice, astragalus root, barley malt, wheat malt, medlar, dried ginger, motherwort herb, dried orange peel, angelica, dangshen, wild jujube thorn, papaya leaf, bitter apricot seed, chrysanthemum, ginseng fibrous root, saffron, cordyceps, dendrobium and dwarf lilyturf tuber is (40-60): (280-320): (40-60): (20-40): (40-120): (80-35): (80-120): (25-35): (80-120): (40-80): (10-30): (40-60): (20-40): (1-5): (40-60).
Preferably, when the primordium is prepared, the weight ratio of the fruit fungus, the traditional Chinese medicine mixture, white granulated sugar, glucose, brown sugar and honey is (18-22): (3-4): (18-22): (1-3): (2-6): 1.
preferably, when the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum is prepared, the weight ratio of the raw bacteria to the corn flour to the gluten to the brown sugar to the glucose is (250-350)/(650-750)/(30-50)/(3-5).
Preferably, the passion fruit in the invention is a golden passion fruit.
Preferably, the dragon fruit in the invention is a red-core dragon fruit.
In particular embodiments, the lemon of the present invention may be dried lemon or fresh lemon.
In the specific implementation process, the bananas, oranges and almonds can be peeled to prepare corresponding materials.
Preferably, the rabbit stomach of the present invention employs a hare stomach as a primer.
More preferably, 1 rabbit stomach is used per 100-150 jin of primordium.
In the specific implementation process, the omnivorous food in the rabbit stomach can be dried and crushed and then mixed with the dried and crushed rabbit stomach tissue to prepare the primordium.
Further, the invention provides the feed additive containing the practical microbial agent prepared in any embodiment.
The feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum has wide application range and can be added into different livestock and poultry feeds such as pigs, cattle, chickens, sheep, ducks, geese and the like.
Further, the invention also provides a feed which contains the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum prepared by any one of the embodiments.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum can supplement vitamins and trace elements required by livestock and poultry, generate a diversified gain effect, protect intestines and stomach of animals, help livestock and poultry digest feed, promote livestock and poultry weight gain, and enable the meat yield to reach more than 75%; the pork is high in quality, rich in various nutrient elements, free of pesticide residues, heavy metal residues and antibiotic residues, and nutritional and healthy.
Meanwhile, the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum is beneficial to reducing ammonia gas generated by livestock and poultry excreta, remarkably improving the livestock and poultry feeding environment, reducing the influence of poor feeding environment on the growth and development of livestock and poultry, and further improving the weight gain effect of the livestock and poultry;
in addition, the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum has low use cost, strong microbial inoculum tolerance and high activity, and can obtain excellent action and effect only by adding 30-35 jin of the feed additive into each ton of complete feed.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The examples are not intended to identify the particular technology or conditions, and are either conventional or are carried out according to the technology or conditions described in the literature in this field or are carried out according to the product specifications. The reagents and instruments used, etc. are not identified to the manufacturer and are conventional products available for purchase by regular vendors.
The rabbit stomach in the examples below was derived from the Beijing De Chuan meat rabbit farm.
The "parts" in the following examples represent parts by weight, and may be scaled up or down in equal proportion depending on the actual amount, and the specific units may be weight units such as kg and jin.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a feed additive containing a practical microbial agent, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing fruit fungus: 12 parts of grape, 3 parts of apple, 3 parts of flat peach, 3 parts of fresh lemon, 5 parts of passion fruit, 5 parts of carrot, 2 parts of dragon fruit, 8 parts of banana, 1 part of color pepper, 8 parts of orange, 4 parts of orange, 5 parts of pear, 15 parts of glucose and 15 parts of white granulated sugar are mixed and stirred, and anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 10 days at 24-26 ℃ to obtain fruit bacteria;
(2) Preparing a traditional Chinese medicine mixture: pulverizing and mixing 50 parts of plantain herb, 300 parts of dandelion, 50 parts of safflower, 30 parts of liquorice, 50 parts of astragalus, 100 parts of barley malt, 100 parts of wheat malt, 50 parts of medlar, 40 parts of dried ginger, 100 parts of motherwort, 200 parts of dried orange peel, 30 parts of angelica, 30 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 100 parts of wild jujube thorn, 60 parts of papaya leaf, 20 parts of bitter apricot seed (with skin), 50 parts of chrysanthemum, 30 parts of ginseng fibrous, 3 parts of saffron, 2 parts of cordyceps, 2 parts of dendrobium and 50 parts of dwarf lilyturf tuber to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine mixture;
(3) Preparing a raw bacterium: mixing 30 parts of fruit bacteria, 5 parts of a traditional Chinese medicine mixture, 30 parts of white granulated sugar, 3 parts of glucose, 6 parts of brown sugar and 1.5 parts of honey, adding 1 rabbit stomach per 100 jin of the mixture (soaking the rabbit stomach in boiled and cooled radix isatidis water, then airing and crushing the sundry food in the rabbit stomach, mixing with aired and crushed rabbit stomach tissues, and adding the mixture), and carrying out anaerobic fermentation at 24-26 ℃ for 8 days to obtain the primordium;
(4) Mixing 300 parts of original bacteria, 300 parts of corn flour, 700 parts of bran, 40 parts of brown sugar and 4 parts of glucose, and fermenting for 20 days in a light-shielding closed environment with the humidity of 40% to prepare the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum.
Example 2
The present example provides a feed additive containing a practical microbial agent, which differs from example 1 only in the preparation method:
in the step (1), anaerobic fermentation is carried out at 24-26 ℃ for 15 days to obtain the fruit fungus.
Example 3
The present example provides a feed additive containing a practical microbial agent, which differs from example 1 only in the preparation method:
in the step (4), the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum is prepared after fermentation for 30 days in a light-shielding closed environment with the humidity of 40 percent.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a feed additive which is prepared by a process which differs from example 1 only in that:
in the preparation of fruit bacteria, grapes are replaced with equal amounts of blueberries, carrots are replaced with equal amounts of white radishes, and glucose is replaced with equal amounts of brown sugar.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a feed additive which is prepared by a process which differs from example 1 only in that:
in the preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine mixture, dandelion is replaced by the same amount of wild chrysanthemum, motherwort is replaced by the same amount of wormwood, dried orange peel is replaced by the same amount of green tangerine orange peel, and wild spina date seed is replaced by the same amount of spina date seed.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a feed additive which is prepared by a process which differs from example 1 only in that:
rabbit stomach was not added when the primordium was prepared.
Test example 1
The feed additives prepared in the examples and the comparative examples are added into the feed of the large complete pig, 30 jin of feed additive is added into each ton of complete feed, and the feed additives are uniformly mixed for feeding the large white pig.
Selecting healthy pigs, wherein the initial weight of the pigs is basically close to 50kg, the number of the pigs in each group is 10, the pigs are half of the pigs in the male and female groups, then feeding the pigs by adopting feeds added with different feed additives, meanwhile, setting the feeds without any feed additives as a control group, keeping the feeding time and feeding amount of each group the same, observing the feeding condition every day, continuously feeding for 2 months, and then sending the pigs to a slaughterhouse to detect the meat percentage and the meat quality; the meat percentage calculation formula is: yield = net meat weight +.live pig weight before slaughter x 100%, specific test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The results show that the feed additive provided by the invention can produce a feeding promoting effect, promote feeding and digestion of pigs, enable the weight gain speed of the pigs to be high, have good weight gain effect, can meet the slaughtering requirement in about 2 months, and have higher meat yield and meat quality.
Further, 1kg of pork sample in example 2 was taken and sent to a test center for testing, and the results of some of the tests are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Test example 2
While feeding in test example 1, the concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas in different groups of pig houses were measured at the same time each day, and recorded. The hydrogen sulfide release change of each test group was measured by a zinc ammonium complex salt absorption methylene blue spectrophotometer method, the ammonia gas release change of each test group was measured by a boric acid absorption Kjeldahl method, and the test was continued for 1 month from the start of feeding, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
After feeding, 5 pigs were randomly selected for each group, feces were continuously collected for 3 days, and the microbial content in the feces was detected to reflect the intestinal health condition, and the results are shown in Table 4, wherein the unit is 10 6 CFU/g。
TABLE 4 Table 4
The results show that the feed additive disclosed by the invention can improve the microecology condition of the intestinal tracts of pigs, reduce ammonia gas generated by excreta in the colony house, and is beneficial to improving the living environment of pigs, so that the weight gain effect and the meat yield quality are improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing fruit fungus: mixing grape, apple, flat peach, lemon, passion fruit, carrot, dragon fruit, banana, color pepper, orange, pear, glucose and white granulated sugar, and anaerobic fermentation to obtain fruit fungus;
preparing a traditional Chinese medicine mixture: mixing herba plantaginis, herba Taraxaci, carthami flos, glycyrrhrizae radix, radix astragali, barley malt, wheat malt, fructus Lycii, zingiberis rhizoma, herba Leonuri, pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, radix Angelicae sinensis, radix Codonopsis, wild spina date seed, folium Chaenomelis, semen Armeniacae amarum, flos Chrysanthemi, ginseng radix fibrous, stigma croci Sativi, cordyceps, herba Dendrobii and radix Ophiopogonis to obtain a Chinese medicinal mixture;
preparing a raw bacterium: mixing the fruit fungus, the traditional Chinese medicine mixture, rabbit stomach, white granulated sugar, glucose, brown sugar and honey, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation to obtain a raw fungus;
and mixing the primordium, the corn flour, the bran, the brown sugar and the glucose, and fermenting in a light-shielding closed environment with the humidity of 35-45% to obtain the feed additive containing the practical microbial agent.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the fruit fungus is prepared by anaerobic fermentation at 20-30 ℃ for 10-15 days.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the primordium is obtained by anaerobic fermentation at 20-30 ℃ for 7-10 days.
4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum is prepared by fermentation for 20 to 30 days in a light-proof closed environment with a humidity of 35 to 45%.
5. The preparation method of the fruit fungus according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of grape, apple, flat peach, lemon, passion fruit, carrot, dragon fruit, banana, color pepper, orange, pear to glucose and white granulated sugar is (10-15): (1-5): (3-8): (1-4): (5-10): (0.5-1.5): (5-10): (3-5): (3-8): (12-18).
6. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine mixture according to claim 5, wherein when the traditional Chinese medicine mixture is prepared, the weight ratio of plantain herb, dandelion, safflower, liquorice, astragalus root, barley malt, wheat malt, medlar, dried ginger, motherwort, dried orange peel, angelica, dangshen, wild jujube thorn, papaya leaf, bitter apricot seed, chrysanthemum, ginseng fibrous root, saffron, cordyceps, dendrobium and dwarf lilyturf tuber is (40-60): (20-40): (40-60): (80-120): (40-50): (80-120): (180-35): (25-35): (80-80): (10-30): (40-60): (20-40): (1-5): (40-60): (1-5): (40-60).
7. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein when preparing the primordium, the fruit fungus, the traditional Chinese medicine mixture, white granulated sugar, glucose, brown sugar and honey are in a weight ratio of (18-22): (3-4): (18-22): (1-3): (2-6): 1.
8. the preparation method of the feed additive containing the practical microbial inoculum, according to claim 7, wherein the weight ratio of the raw bacteria to the corn flour to the bran to the brown sugar to the glucose is (250-350): (650-750): (30-50): (3-5).
9. A feed additive comprising a practical microbial agent, characterized in that it is produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A feed comprising the feed additive of claim 9, wherein the feed additive comprises a practical microbial agent.
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