CN116355677B - 用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液、其制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液、其制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液,包括如下重量份的组分:固体润滑剂1‑10份、润湿分散剂0.1‑10份、抗沉降剂0.1‑10份、高分子聚合物粉体5‑50份;润滑油50‑95份;同时揭露了该悬浮液的制备方法及其应用。本发明提供的用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液不仅组分简单易得,而且制备工艺简单、易于规模化生产;应用时能够有效避免粉尘和水进入轴承内部,使其在粉尘和水环境中具有很好的润滑效果,拓宽了轴承的应用领域;另外,本发明悬浮液能够稳定存储半年以上,且其对温度不敏感,在挤出造粒过程中不会产生沉降,因而能有效提高微孔材料的孔径尺寸均匀性和制备工艺的稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及机械领域用的润滑剂,具体涉及一种用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液、其制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
通常,以汽车或工业用机械为代表的大部分的机械轴承都需要采用润滑剂进行润滑。现阶段轴承润滑主要是润滑脂润滑和润滑油润滑,这类润滑的轴承在粉尘或水环境中,由于异物的容易进入和润滑油或者润滑脂容易被冲走,会导致润滑失效,从而易造成轴承损坏,进而限制了轴承的应用领域。
因此,研发出一种新的润滑剂,在轴承使用时,能够有效避免粉尘和水进入轴承内部,使其在粉尘和水环境中具有很好的润滑效果,从而拓宽轴承的应用领域,这是从业人员所迫切期望地。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题之一在于提供一种用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液,其组分简单易得。
本发明所要解决的技术问题之二在于提供一种用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液的制备方法,其制备工艺简单、易于操作,从而适于规模化生产。
本发明所要解决的技术问题之三在于提供一种用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液的应用,只需将悬浮液依次进行挤出造粒、注塑即可,方式简单。
本发明是通过以下技术方案解决上述技术问题之一的:
一种用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液,包括如下重量份的组分:
所述悬浮液的粘度为500-50000cp,优选为5000-20000cp。
进一步地,所述固体润滑剂为二硫化钼、石墨中的至少一种。
进一步地,所述润湿分散剂为聚合磷酸酯溶液、多元羧酸烷基铵盐溶液、多元胺酰胺的多羧酸盐溶液、含填料亲和基团的共聚物溶液、不饱和多元胺酰胺和低分子量酸性聚酯盐溶液中的一种或几种。
进一步地,所述抗沉降剂为改性脲溶液、天然片状硅酸盐、气相二氧化硅中的一种或几种。
进一步地,所述高分子聚合物粉体为聚丙烯、聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚氨酯中的一种或几种;所述润滑油为矿物油、聚烯烃油、硅油中的一种或几种。
进一步地,该悬浮液还包括0.1-5重量份的增稠剂,所述增稠剂为有机改性片状硅酸盐、聚丙烯酰胺PMA中的至少一种。
本发明是通过以下技术方案解决上述技术问题之二的:
一种用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、准备下述重量份的各原料:固体润滑剂1-10份、润湿分散剂0.1-10份、抗沉降剂0.1-10份、高分子聚合物粉体5-50份及润滑油50-95份;
S2、将准备好的1-10份固体润滑剂、0.1-10份润湿分散剂、5-50份高分子聚合物粉体与其中10-50份润滑油进行混合研磨,直至高分子聚合物粉体和固体润滑剂的表面均匀覆盖一层润湿分散剂,得到研磨好的混合物;
S3、向步骤S2所得研磨好的混合物中加入余下准备好的润滑油,进行超声分散直至分散均匀,得到分散液;
S4、向步骤S3所得的分散液中加入准备好的0.1-10份抗沉降剂,并在500-10000rpm下继续分散10-30min至抗沉降剂分散均匀。
进一步地,所述步骤S4中,在加入抗沉降剂进行分散之后,再添加0.1-5重量份的增稠剂,所述增稠剂为有机改性片状硅酸盐、聚丙烯酰胺PMA中的至少一种。
进一步地,所述固体润滑剂为二硫化钼、石墨中的至少一种;所述湿润分散剂为聚合磷酸酯溶液、多元羧酸烷基铵盐溶液、多元胺酰胺的多羧酸盐溶液、含填料亲和基团的共聚物溶液、不饱和多元胺酰胺和低分子量酸性聚酯盐溶液中的一种或几种;所述抗沉降剂为改性脲溶液、天然片状硅酸盐、气相二氧化硅中的一种或几种;所述高分子聚合物粉体粉体为聚丙烯、聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚氨酯中的一种或几种;所述润滑油为矿物油、聚烯烃油、硅油中的一种或几种。
本发明是通过以下技术方案解决上述技术问题之三的:
一种用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液的应用,将所述悬浮液加入挤出机挤出造粒制备得到微孔固态润滑剂颗粒,再通过注塑机将微孔固态润滑剂颗粒注入轴承中,起到润滑剂作用。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明提供的用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液不仅组分简单易得,而且制备工艺简单、易于规模化生产;应用时,只需将悬浮液通过挤出机挤出造粒制成微孔固态润滑剂颗粒,然后再通过注塑机将微孔固态润滑剂颗粒注入轴承中,即可起到润滑剂作用。
采用本发明的悬浮液挤出造粒制成的微孔固态润滑剂本身呈固态,润滑油储存于微孔中,通过轴承转动离心力来释放润滑油,轴承停止则通过毛细作用将润滑油吸附回微孔中,同时是多孔材料包裹轴承转子,提高了轴承体系的密封效果,能够有效避免粉尘和水进入轴承内部,使其在粉尘和水环境中具有很好的润滑效果,拓宽了轴承的应用领域。
另外,由于孔隙率和孔径的大小和均匀性,直接决定了微孔固态润滑剂的润滑效果,如孔径过大,毛细作用减弱,会造成微孔固态润滑剂使用过程中漏油,孔径太小,润滑油不能很好释放,造成轴承启动力矩过大。因此需要制备孔隙率和孔径均匀性高的微孔固态润滑剂。本发明提供的悬浮液,由于固体润滑剂和高分子聚合物粉体悬浮在润滑油中,能够稳定存储半年以上,且该悬浮液对温度不敏感,在挤出造粒过程中不会产生沉降,因而能有效提高制备得到的微孔固态润滑剂的孔径尺寸均匀性和制备工艺的稳定性。
附图说明
图1至图5所示为采用本发明的悬浮液挤出造粒制成的微孔固态润滑剂的光学显微结构示意图。
图6所示为采用本发明的悬浮液挤出造粒制成的微孔固态润滑剂应用在轴承上的效果示意图。
图7所示为图6的局部剖视图。
附图标号说明:
100-微孔固态润滑剂;200-轴承。
具体实施方式
需要说明,本发明实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等,如果该特定姿态发生改变时,则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外,在本发明中如涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中,“多个”的含义是至少两个,例如两个,三个等,除非另有明确具体的限定。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明如下:
本发明用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液,包括如下重量份的组分:
所述悬浮液的粘度为500-50000cp,优选为5000-20000cp。
于此同时,本发明还揭露了上述悬浮液的制备方法,包括如下具体操作步骤:
S1、准备下述重量份的各原料:固体润滑剂1-10份、润湿分散剂0.1-10份、抗沉降剂0.1-10份、高分子聚合物粉体5-50份及润滑油50-95份;
S2、将准备好的1-10份固体润滑剂、0.1-10份润湿分散剂、5-50份高分子聚合物粉体与其中10-50份润滑油进行混合研磨,直至高分子聚合物粉体和固体润滑剂的表面均匀覆盖一层润湿分散剂,得到研磨好的混合物;
S3、向步骤S2所得研磨好的混合物中加入余下准备好的润滑油,进行超声分散直至分散均匀,得到分散液;
S4、向步骤S3所得的分散液中加入准备好的0.1-10份抗沉降剂,并在500-10000rpm下继续分散10-30min至抗沉降剂分散均匀。
上述制备工艺,于固体润滑剂和高分子聚合物中加入润湿分散剂及适量的润滑油进行研磨,将经润湿研磨后固体润滑剂和高分子聚合物粉料通过超声分散到润滑油中;在分散后的高分子聚合物润滑油溶液中加入抗沉降剂继续分散均匀,即得到固体润滑剂/高分子聚合物/润滑油悬浮液。
另外,本发明还同时揭露了上述用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液的应用,将所述悬浮液加入挤出机挤出造粒制备得到微孔固态润滑剂颗粒,再通过注塑机将微孔固态润滑剂颗粒注入轴承中,起到润滑剂作用。
在本发明中,固体润滑剂为二硫化钼、石墨中的至少一种;润湿分散剂为聚合磷酸酯溶液、多元羧酸烷基铵盐溶液、多元胺酰胺的多羧酸盐溶液、含填料亲和基团的共聚物溶液、不饱和多元胺酰胺和低分子量酸性聚酯盐溶液中的一种或几种;抗沉降剂为改性脲溶液(如BYK410)、天然片状硅酸盐、气相二氧化硅中的一种或几种;高分子聚合物粉体为聚丙烯、聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚氨酯中的一种或几种;润滑油为矿物油、聚烯烃油、硅油中的一种或几种。
本发明的悬浮液还包括0.1-5重量份的增稠剂;该增稠剂为有机改性片状硅酸盐、聚丙烯酰胺PMA中的至少一种;且其添加在本发明制备方法的步骤(4)中,具体地:在加入抗沉淀剂进行分散之后,再加入该增稠剂。
为了更好的对本发明进行阐述说明,申请人列举了以下几个代表性实施例,这些实施例仅是示例性的,且不用于限制本发明。另外,除非特别说明,本发明中所采用的试剂、设备和工艺(或工序)为本技术领域常规试剂和设备。
实施例1
本实施例中,高分子聚合物粉体选用聚丙烯,固体润滑剂选用二硫化钼,润湿分散剂选用BYK-W961,抗沉降剂选用BYK410,润滑油选用硅油;且按如下配方称量准备原料:聚丙烯30份,二硫化钼2份,润湿分散剂BYK-W961 2份,BYK-410 3份,硅油63份,待用;
将30份聚丙烯、2份二硫化钼、2份润湿分散剂BYK-W961、30份硅油放入研磨机混合研磨,研磨30min,使得高分子聚合物粉体和固体润滑剂的表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂,得研磨好的混合物;将研磨好的混合物转入烧杯中,并加入余下的33份硅油,之后用超声分散60min,分散均匀,得分散液;接着在分散液中加入3份BYK-410,并在5000rpm下继续分散30min,至抗沉降剂分散均匀得悬浮液。
实施例2
本实施例中,高分子聚合物粉体选用聚酰胺,固体润滑剂选用石墨,润湿分散剂选用聚合磷酸酯溶液,抗沉降剂选用气相二氧化硅,润滑油选用矿物油;且按如下配方称量准备原料:聚酰胺50份,石墨10份,磷酸酯溶液8份,气相二氧化硅5份,矿物油95份,待用;
将50份聚酰胺、10份石墨、8份磷酸酯溶液、39份硅油放入研磨机混合研磨,研磨36min,使得高分子聚合物粉体和固体润滑剂的表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂,得研磨好的混合物;将研磨好的混合物转入烧杯中,并加入余下的56份硅油,之后用超声分散65min,分散均匀,得分散液;接着在分散液中加入5份气相二氧化硅,并在10000rpm下继续分散28min,至抗沉降剂分散均匀得悬浮液。
实施例3
本实施例中,高分子聚合物粉体选用聚氨酯,固体润滑剂选用石墨和二硫化钼,润湿分散剂选用含填料亲和基团的共聚物溶液,抗沉降剂选用天然片状硅酸盐,润滑油选用聚烯烃油,且添加了增稠剂聚丙烯酰胺PMA;且按如下配方称量准备原料:聚氨酯5份,石墨2份,二硫化钼1份,含填料亲和基团的共聚物溶液0.1份,天然片状硅酸盐1份,聚烯烃油50份,聚丙烯酰胺PMA 2份,待用;
将5份聚氨酯、2份石墨、1份二硫化钼、0.1份含填料亲和基团的共聚物溶液、10份聚烯烃油放入研磨机混合研磨,研磨25min,使得高分子聚合物粉体和固体润滑剂的表面均匀覆盖一层湿润分散剂,得研磨好的混合物;将研磨好的混合物转入烧杯中,并加入余下的40份份聚烯烃油,之后用超声分散52min,分散均匀,得分散液;接着在分散液中加入1份天然片状硅酸盐,并在500rpm下继续分散30min,至抗沉降剂分散均匀后,再加入2份聚丙烯酰胺PMA混匀,得悬浮液。
经测定,上述各实施例制得的悬浮液的粘度均在5000-20000cp之间,固体润滑剂和高分子聚合物悬浮在润滑油中,可以稳定存储半年以上,同时对温度不敏感。应用时,将所制得的上述各悬浮液分别进行如下操作:
先将悬浮液加入挤压机挤出造粒制成颗粒即得微孔固态润滑剂,制成的微孔固态润滑剂置于光学显微镜下进行观察,观察到的光学显微结构如图1至图5所示,可以观察到均存在着孔径大小良好能利于润滑油很好释放的微孔毛细孔,而且孔隙率和均匀性高,说明该微孔固态润滑剂具有优秀的润滑效果。
接着通过注塑机将微孔固态润滑剂(颗粒)注入轴承中,以注塑成型的方式与轴承制成一体,得到的多孔润滑轴承的效果如图6与图7所示,注塑机将微孔固态润滑剂100填充于轴承200的滚珠之间的缝隙,同时包裹轴承200的转子,提高了轴承体系的密封效果,能够有效避免粉尘和水进入轴承内部,使其在粉尘和水环境中具有很好的润滑效果,拓宽了轴承的应用领域。
且本发明应用时的原理是:微孔固态润滑剂的微孔里面毛细孔能够吸附润滑油,工作过程中由于轴承的离心力作用润滑油从毛细孔流出润滑转子,轴承停止工作时,润滑油则因毛细作用吸附回孔径中。
另外,要强调的是,由于孔隙率和孔径的大小和均匀性,直接决定了微孔固态润滑剂的润滑效果,如孔径过大,毛细作用减弱,会造成固态润滑剂使用过程中漏油,孔径太小,润滑油不能很好释放,造成轴承启动力矩过大;而采用本发明悬浮液制成的微孔固态润滑剂孔径良好、孔隙率和均匀性高,因而具有优秀的润滑效果。
综上,本发明提供的用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液不仅组分简单易得、制备工艺简单、易于规模化生产,而且能够稳定存储半年以上;应用时,只需将悬浮液挤出造粒成颗粒即获得微孔固态润滑剂,然后把微孔固态润滑剂注塑到轴承中,提高了轴承体系的密封效果,能够有效避免粉尘和水进入轴承内部,使其在粉尘和水环境中具有很好的润滑效果,拓宽了轴承的应用领域;另外,本发明悬浮液对温度不敏感,在挤出造粒过程中不会产生沉降,因而能有效提高微孔材料的孔径尺寸均匀性和制备工艺的稳定性。
本发明已由上述相关实施例和附图加以描述,然而上述实施例仅为实施本发明的范例。必须指出的是,已揭露的实施例并未限制本发明的范围。相反地,包括于权利要求的精神及范围的修改及均等设置均包括于本发明的范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的组分:
固体润滑剂 1-10份;
润湿分散剂 0.1-10份;
抗沉降剂 0.1-10份;
高分子聚合物粉体 5-50份;
润滑油 50-95份;
所述固体润滑剂为二硫化钼、石墨中的至少一种;
所述润湿分散剂为聚合磷酸酯溶液、多元羧酸烷基铵盐溶液、多元胺酰胺的多羧酸盐溶液、含填料亲和基团的共聚物溶液、不饱和多元胺酰胺和低分子量酸性聚酯盐溶液中的一种或几种;
所述抗沉降剂为改性脲溶液、天然片状硅酸盐、气相二氧化硅中的一种或几种;
所述高分子聚合物粉体为聚丙烯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯中的一种或几种;所述润滑油为矿物油、聚烯烃油、硅油中的一种或几种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液,其特征在于:还包括0.1-5重量份的增稠剂,所述增稠剂为有机改性片状硅酸盐、聚丙烯酰胺PMA中的至少一种。
3.一种如权利要求1至2任意一项所述的用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
S1、准备下述重量份的各原料:固体润滑剂1-10份、润湿分散剂 0.1-10份、抗沉降剂0.1-10份、高分子聚合物粉体5-50份及润滑油50-95份;
S2、将准备好的1-10份固体润滑剂、0.1-10份润湿分散剂、5-50份高分子聚合物粉体与其中10-50份润滑油进行混合研磨,直至高分子聚合物粉体和固体润滑剂的表面均匀覆盖一层润湿分散剂,得到研磨好的混合物;
S3、向步骤S2所得研磨好的混合物中加入余下准备好的润滑油,进行超声分散直至分散均匀,得到分散液;
S4、向步骤S3所得的分散液中加入准备好的0.1-10份抗沉降剂,并在500-10000rpm下继续分散10-30min至抗沉降剂分散均匀;
所述固体润滑剂为二硫化钼、石墨中的至少一种;所述湿润分散剂为聚合磷酸酯溶液、多元羧酸烷基铵盐溶液、多元胺酰胺的多羧酸盐溶液、含填料亲和基团的共聚物溶液、不饱和多元胺酰胺和低分子量酸性聚酯盐溶液中的一种或几种;所述抗沉降剂为改性脲溶液、天然片状硅酸盐、气相二氧化硅中的一种或几种;所述高分子聚合物粉体粉体为聚丙烯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯中的一种或几种;所述润滑油为矿物油、聚烯烃油、硅油中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S4中,在加入抗沉降剂进行分散之后,再添加0.1-5重量份的增稠剂,所述增稠剂为有机改性片状硅酸盐、聚丙烯酰胺PMA中的至少一种。
5.一种如权利要求1至2任意一项所述的用于制备微孔固态润滑剂的悬浮液的应用,其特征在于:将所述悬浮液加入挤出机挤出造粒制备得到微孔固态润滑剂颗粒,再通过注塑机将微孔固态润滑剂颗粒注入轴承中,起到润滑剂作用。
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CA2223286A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-19 | Lee County Mosquito Control District | Lubricant compositions and methods |
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