CN116355092B - 抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体及其应用 - Google Patents
抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- B01D15/3804—Affinity chromatography
- B01D15/3809—Affinity chromatography of the antigen-antibody type, e.g. protein A, G, L chromatography
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Abstract
白蛋白是人血清中的主要蛋白。本发明公开了两个抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体,以及它们的表达、纯化和鉴定。抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体在生物医药中有广泛的应用,不仅可以用于白蛋白的分离纯化,还可以用于免疫检测、临床诊断和药物治疗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗体技术和生物医药领域,特别是将纳米抗体应用于蛋白纯化,应用于检测、诊断和治疗。
背景技术
人血清白蛋白(Human Serum Albumin,简称HSA)在人血液中含量丰富,浓度约为42 g/L,占血液总蛋白的60%左右。在血液中,人血清白蛋白可以结合各种分子和离子(如脂肪酸、胆色素、氨基酸、类固醇激素、金属离子、药物分子等),同时维持血液正常的渗透压。在临床上,人血清白蛋白可用于治疗休克与烧伤,用于补充因手术、意外事故等大出血所致的血液丢失,也可以作为血浆增容剂。
人血清白蛋白是单链多肽,由585个氨基酸构成,分子量为66 kDa。基于人血清白蛋白的大量需求,人们对重组人血清白蛋白进行了深入的研究,目前报道的重组表达系统有多种,包括大肠杆菌、毕赤酵母、水稻、烟草叶绿体、牛、猪、等。重组人血清白蛋白不仅需要产量高、生产成本低,在生理生化性质、物理结构、生物学功能、免疫原性等也要与血液来源的人血清白蛋白一致。高纯度的重组人血清白蛋白产品有很大的市场需求。
抗体对抗原具有特异性结合的能力,能够识别不同的蛋白,在生物医药领域有广泛的应用,市场上不乏针对人血清白蛋白的抗体。在蛋白的分离纯化方面,抗体可以与层析介质偶联,做成分离目标蛋白的亲和层析柱,例如用抗人血清白蛋白的抗体做成的亲和层析柱来制备高纯度的人血清白蛋白产品。在检测方面,食品安全监管需要及时检测农药残留、非法添加物等,各种基于免疫层析原理的快速检测条由于简单、方便、快速、价廉,在食品监管上发挥了巨大作用。在临床诊断方面,免疫检测是重要的检测技术,具体的实例是目前广泛应用的新冠抗原检测,利用针对新冠病毒的核蛋白(N protein)的两个抗体,采用双抗夹心法,制备成免疫层析快速检测条,定性或定量地检测新冠病毒的存在。在治疗药物方面,抗体已经成为重要的药物种类,不仅抗体本身可以作为药物,而且抗体药物还包括了由抗体衍生的抗体-毒素蛋白偶联体(immunotoxin)、抗体-药物偶联体(antibody-drugconjugate, ADC)、双抗和多抗(bispecific antibody, multi-specific antibody),等。
抗体分为多克隆抗体和单克隆抗体。多克隆抗体由免疫动物产生,为抗体的混合物,各批次间的抗体组成不同,效价有差异。单克隆抗体由单一基因产生,克服了多克隆抗体的批间次差异的问题。但单克隆抗体存在以下特点和不足:研发周期长,生产周期长,制备成本高,在机体内不易被清除,穿透能力弱。
纳米抗体是常规抗体的简化形式,早期在羊驼等动物的抗体中发现一种只有重链的抗体,通过仅保留与抗原结合的单个结构域,构建成为大小在纳米级别的纳米抗体,又称为单域抗体。纳米抗体保留了常规抗体对抗原的高亲和性和高特异性,还有以下优点:单个结构域的稳定性高;能够在原核或真核细胞中高效表达;在原核细胞表达时,生长周期短、制备成本低;对人的免疫原性弱;分子量小,穿透能力强,甚至可以穿透血脑屏障。纳米抗体在生物医药中得到了越来越广泛的应用,如获批上市的双特异性纳米抗体Ozoralizumab,利用抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体对白蛋白的高亲和性,来延长在体内的存留时间,同时利用另一个融合在一起的抗肿瘤坏死因子TNFα的纳米抗体,靶向药物作用分子,用于治疗类风湿性关节炎。
蛋白分离纯化,包括抗体蛋白的分离纯化,有巨大的需求。虽然原理上抗体可以用于制备分离纯化抗原蛋白的亲和层析柱,但由于常规抗体的稳定性差、生产成本高,用抗体制备的亲和层析柱至今并没有得到广泛的应用。以抗体蛋白的纯化为例,普遍用的还是蛋白A制备的亲和层析柱。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供两种抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体,该纳米抗体对人血清白蛋白具有高亲和力和特异性,可以用于制备分离纯化人血清白蛋白的亲和层析柱,可以用于检测和诊断试剂盒的研发,具有良好的应用前景。
一般来讲,纳米抗体的氨基酸序列由大约110-130个氨基酸残基组成,有四个骨架区(FM1-4)和三个互补决定区(CDR1-3),按顺序交错排列构成。本发明公布了两个抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体2p和4p,它们具有相似的四个骨架区和不同的三个互补决定区氨基酸序列。纳米抗体的互补决定区是特异性识别抗原的关键结构。纳米抗体2p的互补决定区分别由SEQ ID NO: 1对应其CDR1、SEQ ID NO: 2对应其CDR2、SEQ ID NO: 3对应其CDR3。同样的,纳米抗体4p的互补决定区分别由SEQ ID NO: 4对应其CDR1、SEQ ID NO: 5对应其CDR2、SEQ ID NO: 6对应其CDR3。
本发明公布的两个抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体2p和4p,除了三个互补决定区对抗原的识别起决定性作用外,四个骨架区对互补决定区的空间结构有影响、进而影响对抗原的识别。因此,纳米抗体2p和4p的完整氨基酸序列也是决定抗原识别的重要结构基础。2p的完整氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO: 7所示,4p的完整氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO: 8所示。
本发明公布的两个抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体分别含有115和124个氨基酸残基,形成该纳米抗体的核心结构。纳米抗体的核心结构本身,在不增加氨基酸残基的情况下,具有与所述抗原蛋白的高亲和性和高特异性。然而在实际应用中,纳米抗体常以融合蛋白的形式存在,即在纳米抗体的核心结构的N末端或C末端加上氨基酸残基、多肽和蛋白,形成融合蛋白,在保留原本纳米抗体的高亲和性和高特异性的同时,赋予融合蛋白更多的特性和功能。例如:在其N端加上甲硫氨酸来引入基因表达的起始编码(ATG),或加上信号肽来将表达的蛋白导入周质空间(periplasmic space);在其C末端与作为蛋白标签(如组氨酸标签、人流感血凝素标签)的多肽融合,使其能够用镍柱进行纯化、用抗人流感血凝素抗体进行鉴定;与荧光蛋白融合使得能够显色和显荧光用于示踪;与细胞毒蛋白融合成为免疫毒素(immunotoxins)用于治疗等。
对纳米抗体在蛋白基因水平加以修饰、构建融合蛋白,是纳米抗体相对于常规抗体的明显优势,有成熟的分子生物学方法,也是常见的纳米抗体具体体现的形式。可以与纳米抗体融合的多肽和蛋白多种多样,包括各种蛋白标签(组氨酸标签His,人流感病毒血凝素标签HA,FLAG标签,麦芽糖结合蛋白MBP标签、Myc标签、等)、绿色荧光蛋白、红色荧光蛋白、碱性磷酸酶、辣根过氧化物酶、发光酶、谷胱甘肽转移酶、毒素蛋白、抗体Fc片段、等。编码纳米抗体2p与组氨酸标签构成的融合蛋白的完整核酸序列如SEQ ID NO: 9所示,编码纳米抗体4p与组氨酸标签构成的融合蛋白的完整核酸序列如SEQ ID NO: 10所示。编码纳米抗体2p与麦芽糖结合蛋白构成的融合蛋白的完整核酸序列如SEQ ID NO: 11所示,编码纳米抗体4p与麦芽糖结合蛋白构成的融合蛋白的完整核酸序列如SEQ ID NO: 12所示,编码纳米抗体2p与谷胱甘肽转移酶构成的融合蛋白的完整核酸序列如SEQ ID NO: 13所示,编码纳米抗体4p与谷胱甘肽转移酶构成的融合蛋白的完整核酸序列如SEQ ID NO: 14所示。
更进一步,通过对纳米抗体或纳米抗体构建的融合蛋白加以修饰,可以赋予修饰后的纳米抗体蛋白更多的特性和功能。修饰的方式可以是物理吸附,例如用胶体金、胶体银、胶体碳等来标记,用于显色,便于肉眼观察。修饰的方式也可以是共价键结合的化学修饰,例如在实施例中描述的,本发明公布的纳米抗体在鉴定过程中,对其进行生物素化,使其能够与亲和素或链霉亲和素结合、更便于定量。
本发明公布的两个纳米抗体结构明确,抗体蛋白表面的可修饰基团的定位也很明确,可以对本发明的纳米抗体或纳米抗体构建的融合蛋白进行化学修饰,常用的修饰位点是修饰在赖氨酸残基上的氨基、谷氨酸和天冬氨酸的羧基、等。为了使修饰更方便、使修饰定位和定量更加准确,也可以在纳米抗体的N端、C端或其他特定部位引入特定的可修饰化学基团,然后对其进行化学修饰,如引入半胱氨酸得到特定可修饰位点的巯基。与氨基、羧基、巯基的蛋白修饰反应多种多样,技术成熟。如与异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)反应,或活化的生物素反应,发生在纳米抗体的氨基上,得到荧光素标记的、或生物素化的纳米抗体。可以对本发明的纳米抗体进行化学修饰的材料多种多样,包括亲和层析填料、量子点、磁珠、彩色微球或荧光微球、蛋白(如辣根过氧化物酶)、化学小分子等。
对本发明公布的纳米抗体,以融合蛋白和物理与化学修饰的方式,在这些纳米抗体对抗原特异识别的基础上,赋予了诸如颜色、荧光、磁性、生物活性、等外加功能,使其在蛋白分离和浓缩、抗原的检测等方面,在开发各种检测试剂、临床诊断试剂和治疗药物等方面,有广泛的应用前景。在蛋白分离纯化上,抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体可以通过化学修饰基团接上磁珠,构建亲和磁珠,利用纳米抗体对人血清白蛋白的特异性结合能力,利用磁分离技术,使用磁场从悬浮液中直接将人血清白蛋白用沉淀的方式分离出来;同样,纳米抗体可以通过化学修饰基团接上层析填料(如葡聚糖、琼脂糖、等),构建亲和层析填料,用亲和层析方法,分离纯化人血清白蛋白。在检测、诊断和治疗上,具体的产品多种多样。例如,用于食品安全检测用的和临床诊断用的快速检测卡(如新冠抗原检测快检条),可以用胶体金或荧光微球标记抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体或纳米抗体衍生物,与检测线或质控线上的人血清白蛋白结合显色,用于小分子抗原或大分子抗原的定性、定量检测。又例如,检测和诊断常用的酶联免疫ELISA方法,可以用纳米抗体取代常规抗体,采用抗原抗体竞争法或双抗夹心法,用本发明公开的抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体与人血清白蛋白的特异性结合,定性或定量测定抗原的含量。
附图说明
图1为纳米抗体2p对人血清白蛋白抗原的亲和性分析结果及稳定性。
图2为纳米抗体4p对人血清白蛋白抗原的亲和性分析结果及稳定性。
图3为生物素标记的纳米抗体4p,在未标记的2p存在与否时,对人血清白蛋白抗原的亲和性分析结果。
图4为生物素标记的纳米抗体4p,在未标记的4p存在与否时,对人血清白蛋白抗原的亲和性分析结果。
图5为生物素标记的纳米抗体4p,在HSA存在与否时,对人血清白蛋白抗原的亲和性分析结果。
具体实施方式
在本发明的研究中,纳米抗体文库的库容量和多样性是淘选出高特异性、高亲和力纳米抗体的关键。本发明使用的合成文库的最终库容量达到8×109 pfu,保证了文库的多样性。抗原采用的是人血清白蛋白。本发明采用固相淘选的方式,淘选过程中,聚苯乙烯塑料平板上包被人血清白蛋白抗原,用噬菌体展示的纳米抗体文库进行生物淘选。抗原的纯度、抗原的包被浓度、封闭液的种类和浓度、缓冲液的浓度、噬菌体投入量、结合时间以及洗脱时间等因素都会影响噬菌体颗粒的富集情况。本发明筛选过程采用不封闭和5%牛奶交替封闭手段、逐渐加大洗涤强度等方式来提高生物淘选的特异性,通过优化淘选条件以获得具有高特异性、高亲和力的纳米抗体。
实施例一、噬菌体展示文库的淘选
按照结合、洗涤、洗脱及扩增的方式,对噬菌体展示文库进行亲和淘选,采用人血清白蛋白抗原包被,通过不封闭与5%牛奶交替封闭的方法来降低非特异性吸附。淘选的具体步骤如下。在八连孔酶标条的孔中分别加入100 μL浓度为10 μg/mL(1 μg/孔)的人血清白蛋白抗原,37 °C包被2小时。弃去上清,用0.05% PBST洗涤酶标条5次。封闭时,每孔加入200 μL 5%牛奶,37 °C封闭2小时。弃去封闭液,0.05% PBST洗涤酶标条5次。每孔加入100 μL噬菌体文库悬液(库容为8×109 pfu,滴度为1×109 cfu/mL),室温摇床震荡孵育1小时。弃去上清,0.05% PBST洗涤酶标条5次。每孔加入100 μL 0.2 M Gly-HCl洗脱缓冲液(pH 2.2)进行洗脱,室温静置洗脱10分钟后将洗脱液收集至1.5 mL离心管中。加入120 μL 1 MTris-HCl缓冲液(pH 9.0)进行中和,涡旋混匀,取20 μL保存作为测定滴度样本,剩下的样本全部进行扩增后用于下一轮淘选。
实施例二、阳性克隆的鉴定
从测定滴度的平板上随机挑取单菌落进行噬菌体的拯救纯化,之后采用ELISA方法进行阳性克隆的鉴定。具体步骤如下。在八连孔酶标条的孔中分别加入100 μL浓度为10μg/mL(1 μg/孔)人血清白蛋白抗原,37 °C包被2小时。弃去上清,PBST洗涤酶标条5次。每孔加入200 μL 5%牛奶,并另外多做一条作为阴性对照,37 °C封闭2小时。PBST洗涤酶标条5次。每孔加入100 μL扩增后的单克隆噬菌体悬液,室温摇床震荡孵育1小时。PBST洗板5次。每孔加入100 μL 兔抗人流感血凝素(HA)一抗,室温摇床震荡孵育1小时。PBST洗板5次。每孔加入100 μL 羊抗兔二抗,室温摇床震荡孵育45分钟。PBST洗板5次,在纸上将酶标条内的液体尽可能拍干。每孔加入100 μL TMB显色液,显色至合适深度的颜色。每孔加入100 μL 1M的HCl溶液终止反应,然后立即用酶标仪读取OD450数值。将阳性样本送测序,确定纳米抗体的氨基酸序列。2p和4p是在淘选和优化过程中得到的两个阳性克隆。
实施例三、构建纳米抗体2p和4p与组氨酸标签的融合蛋白
市售有多个质粒(特别是pET系列质粒,如pET-14b,pET-15b,pET-16b,pET-19b,pET-20b,pET-21a-d,pET-22b,pET-23a-d,等)可以用于引入组氨酸标签。将纳米抗体2p和4p的DNA序列用限制性内切酶NdeI和XhoI切为基因片段,插入到pET23a质粒中,在纳米抗体的C末端引入了组氨酸标签,便于重组蛋白用镍柱分离纯化和ELISA鉴定。所得的融合蛋白的DNA序列如SEQ ID NO: 9或10所示。
实施例四、构建纳米抗体2p和4p与麦芽糖结合蛋白的融合蛋白
市售有多个质粒可以用于构建与麦芽糖结合蛋白融合的融合蛋白,如:pMAL-p5E,pMAL-p5G,pMAL-c4X,pMAL-c5E,pMAL-c5X等,可以根据实际情况选用。我们选用pMAL-c5E,将纳米抗体2p或4p的DNA序列首末端引入NdeI和EcoRI位点序列,插入pMAL-p5E的NdeI和EcoRI位点,所得的融合蛋白的DNA序列如SEQ ID NO: 11或12所示。
实施例五、构建纳米抗体2p和4p与谷胱甘肽转移酶的融合蛋白
市售有多个质粒可以用于构建与谷胱甘肽转移酶融合的融合蛋白,如:pGEX-2TK,pGEX-4T1,pGEX-4T2,pGEX-4T3,pGEX-5X1,pGEX-5X2,pGEX-5X3,pGEX-6P1,pGEX-6P2,pGEX-6P3,等,可以根据实际情况选用。我们选用pGEX4T1,将纳米抗体2p或4p的DNA序列首末端引入BamHI和XhoI位点序列,插入pGEX4T1的BamHI和XhoI位点,所得的融合蛋白的DNA序列如SEQ ID NO: 13或14所示。
实施例六、纳米抗体2p和4p在大肠杆菌中的表达和纯化
取1 μL构建好含有纳米抗体目的基因的pET23a质粒加入到50 μL大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,冰上放置30分钟后,放入42°C水浴锅中热激60秒。冰上放置5分钟后,向菌液中加入450 μL SOC培养液。混匀后,置于37°C摇床200 rpm震荡培养复苏1小时。然后,吸取200 μL菌液涂布到LB+Amp固体平板上,将液体吹干后,将平板倒置放入37°C培养箱中培养过夜。第二天从过夜培养的平板上挑取单克隆,置于5 mL LB+Amp培养液中,37°C摇床200 rpm震荡培养8 小时后,将菌液全部转移至330 mL TB+磷酸盐+Amp培养液中,30 °C摇床200 rpm培养过夜。第三天将菌液离心收集后,用1×磷酸盐缓冲液(20 mM,pH 7.4)进行重悬,然后将其进行超声破碎。条件为150 w的75%即112.5 w,破碎5秒,间歇20秒。然后4°C,20,000 rpm离心20分钟后,分别收集超声上清与超声沉淀,超声上清置于-20 °C保存。通过对超声沉淀进行变性复性来获取浓度及纯度更高的蛋白。用10 mL 2 M尿素溶液重悬超声沉淀样本,加入2 M尿素溶液至40 mL洗涤包涵体。4°C,8,000 rpm,离心10分钟。用10 mL8 M尿素溶液重悬洗涤后的沉淀,加8 M尿素溶液至35 mL溶解包涵体,将其置于室温摇床80rpm振荡小时。然后将它们通过4°C,10,000 rpm离心20分钟。收集上清液(含变性目的蛋白)并保留沉淀。蛋白变性后通过透析进行复性,采用阶梯降低尿素浓度进行透析,取15 mL 8M 尿素变性上清液(目的蛋白样本)快速加入15 mL 1×PBS,使得8 M尿素溶液浓度降为4M。用600 mL 2 M尿素溶液进行透析(4°C冰箱中搅拌透析液)1小时。倒掉200 mL透析液,加入200 mL 1 M尿素溶液,然后透析过夜。第二天倒掉200 mL透析液,加入200 mL PBS,继续透析1小时。倒掉200 mL透析液,加入200 mL PBS,继续透析1小时。倒掉200 mL透析液,加入200 ml PBS,继续透析1小时。透析结束后收样,复性后蛋白溶液通过4°C,10000 rpm离心25分钟。收集上清,收集到的上清液即为复性后蛋白溶液。经变性复性后的纳米抗体,经过蛋白电泳后表明C末端带有标签的纳米抗体2p和4p相对分子质量在15-20 kDa之间,与理论分子质量相符,且纯化后的条带无明显杂带,表明两种纳米抗体纯度较高。
实施例七、纳米抗体2p和4p对人血清白蛋白抗原的亲和力检测及热稳定性
取2p和4p样本,使用PBS(20 mM,pH 7.4)将其稀释,配制成浓度为1 mg/mL的样本,使用考马斯亮蓝G-250测定其浓度,然后将其放入37°C培养箱中孵育,分别取未孵育、孵育了7天和14天的三个时间点的样本按如下方法测定对抗原的亲和性。在八孔酶标条中每孔分别加入100 μL浓度为20 μg/mL的人血清白蛋白抗原,37°C培养箱中包被2小时。弃去上清,0.05% PBST洗涤酶标条5次。每孔分别加入200 μL 5% milk,将其置于37°C培养箱中封闭30 min。弃去上清,0.05% PBST洗涤酶标条5次。每孔分别加入100 μL的梯度稀释的纳米抗体样本;起始浓度为20 μg/mL,三倍梯度稀释,八个孔;室温摇床震荡孵育1小时。弃去上清,0.05% PBST洗涤酶标条5次,每孔分别加入100 μL 针对标签的特异抗体,室温摇床震荡孵育1小时。弃去上清,0.05% PBST洗涤酶标条5次。每孔分别加入100 μL稀释度为1:5000的羊抗鼠二抗,室温摇床震荡孵育1小时。弃去上清,0.05% PBST洗涤酶标条5次,在吸水纸上尽量地拍干酶标条。然后每孔分别加入100 μL TMB显色液,显色时间根据显色的情况把握,一般为5-10 分钟。达到合适的显色深度后则每孔加入100 μL 1 M HCl终止反应,终止反应后立刻通过酶标仪读取OD450的数值,最后通过Microsoft excel进行数据分析与作图。ELISA的结果如图1和图2所示,纳米抗体2p和4p的EC50值分别为222与172 ng/mL,亲和力表现较好。而且,未孵育、孵育了7天和14天的三个时间点的样本的亲和性没有显示显著性的差异,表明2p和4p的稳定性较好。
实施例八、纳米抗体2p和4p的生物素化修饰
准确称量NHS-Biotin试剂,使用DMSO将其溶解为10 mM溶液,取出已纯化好的2p或4p蛋白样本,使用1×PBS(20 mM,pH 7.4)将其稀释成浓度为1 mg/mL,以8:1的摩尔比加入上述NHS-Biotin试剂,然后将其置于室温50 rpm摇床上振荡孵育1小时。上述样本生物素化后需要经过脱盐纯化处理,使用葡聚糖凝胶(Sephadex G-25 Resin)柱进行纯化,纯化时使用1×PBS(20 mM,pH 7.4)对纯化柱进行平衡,平衡后加入生物素化蛋白样本,使用考马斯亮蓝R-250对流出液体进行检测,当流出液体遇考马斯亮蓝变蓝时,即刻收集流出液,收集完后使用PBS对纯化柱进行冲洗,最后加入20%乙醇保存纯化柱。上述纯化收集后即为制备好的生物素化的纳米抗体蛋白样本,分别命名为2p-Biotin与4p-Biotin。
实施例九、纳米抗体2p和4p的相互竞争检测
在八联酶标条中加入100 μL浓度为20 μg/mL的HSA抗原样本(用20 mM PBS,pH7.4稀释),将其放入37 °C恒温箱中静置包被2小时,使用PBS洗涤酶标孔3次,加入200 μL5% milk,将其放入37 °C恒温箱中静置封闭1小时,使用0.05% PBST洗涤酶标孔5次,加入100 μL 梯度稀释的4P-Biotin样本(初始浓度为1 μg/mL,3倍浓度梯度,8个浓度),做12条,每条分别加入终浓度为0、2、20与200 μg/mL的未标记的2P、4P抗体,或HSA抗原样本),将其置于室温80 rpm摇床振荡孵育45分钟,使用0.05% PBST洗涤酶标孔5次,加入100 μL SA-HRP,将其置于室温80 rpm摇床振荡孵育45 分钟,使用0.05% PBST洗涤酶标孔5次,加入100μL TMB显色液,显色5 分钟左右待颜色足够深时,加入100 μL 1M HCl终止反应,使用酶标仪读取OD450值,最后通过Microsoft excel进行数据分析与作图。ELISA的结果如图3、图4、和图5所示,生物素标记的纳米抗体4p的EC50值为18 ng/mL,亲和力表现较好。在加入2p抗体后,对其4p-Biotin的亲和性没有显著影响(图3),表明2p与4p结合在抗原HAS的不同表位。在相似的实验条件下,在加入4p抗体后,对4p-Biotin的亲和性产生显著影响(图4),表明标记的4p与未标记的4p结合在抗原HAS的同一表位,相互竞争与抗原结合。同样,在相似的实验条件下,在加入额外的抗原HSA后,也对4p-Biotin的亲和性产生显著影响(图5),表明标记的4p与抗原HAS的特异性结合。
实施例十、纳米抗体2p和4p的彩色微球和荧光微球的标记
我们对2p和4p纳米抗体进行了彩色微球与荧光微球的标记。配制的MES缓冲液(100 mM, pH 6.0),配制EDC与SulfoNHS溶液(20 mg/mL)。将25 μL蓝色彩色微球与975 μL上述MES缓冲液混合备用,将25 μL绿色荧光微球与975 μL上述MES缓冲液混合备用。在上述1 mL微球混合液中,分别加入0.5 mg的2p或4p抗体样本,再加入5 μL上述配置好的SulfoNHS溶液与10 μL EDC溶液。全部混匀后将它们避光置于室温80 rpm摇床上震荡孵育20min,然后将它们置于17,000 g离心20 min。弃去上清后,使用1 mL PBS(20 mM,pH 7.4)重悬洗涤一次后,再离心,再使用1 mL PBS重悬即为标记好的样本。蓝色彩色微球标记的样本悬浮液显蓝色。绿色荧光微球标记的样本悬浮液显绿色,在绿色激光笔照耀下显荧光。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (9)
1.抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体,其特征在于,所述纳米抗体的氨基酸序列的互补决定区CDR1, CDR2, CDR3的氨基酸序列分别由SEQ ID NO: 1-3或SEQ ID NO: 4-6所示。
2.抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体,其特征在于,所述纳米抗体的氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO: 7或SEQ ID NO: 8所示。
3.纳米抗体与多肽或蛋白融合构建的纳米抗体融合蛋白,其特征在于,所述融合蛋白含有:(a)权利要求1或2所述的纳米抗体;和(b)选自下组的多肽或蛋白的融合部分:组氨酸蛋白标签、人流感血凝素标签、碱性磷酸酶、麦芽糖结合蛋白、谷胱甘肽转移酶、毒素蛋白、或抗体Fc片段。
4.权利要求3所述的纳米抗体融合蛋白,其特征在于,所述融合蛋白的融合部分为:(a)组氨酸蛋白标签,(b)麦芽糖结合蛋白,或(c)谷胱甘肽转移酶。
5.编码权利要求4所述的纳米抗体融合蛋白的核酸分子,所述核酸分子的核酸序列分别由SEQ ID NO: 9-14所示。
6.表达权利要求5所述的核酸分子的表达载体,所述表达载体的宿主细胞为大肠杆菌。
7.权利要求1或2所述的纳米抗体、或权利要求3所述的纳米抗体融合蛋白经修饰物修饰产生的纳米抗体衍生物,其特征在于:(a)是与修饰物非共价键结合形成的纳米抗体衍生物,所述修饰物为胶体金、胶体银、或胶体碳;或(b)是与修饰物共价键结合形成的纳米抗体衍生物,所述修饰物为彩色微球、荧光微球、磁微球、层析填料、或化学小分子;其中,化学小分子包括生物素、染料分子、或荧光分子。
8.权利要求7所述的纳米抗体衍生物的用途,其特征在于,用于制备:(a)分离纯化人血清白蛋白的磁微球或层析填料,或(b)定性和定量检测人血清白蛋白的检测试剂盒。
9.权利要求1或2所述的纳米抗体、权利要求3所述的纳米抗体融合蛋白、或权利要求7所述的纳米抗体衍生物在制备检测人血清白蛋白试剂产品的用途。
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CN111349159A (zh) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-30 | 暨南大学 | 一种抗人血清白蛋白的纳米抗体及其应用 |
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