CN116283786B - 奇丝地花菌中Grifolin衍生物的制备方法及其在抗衰护肤品中的应用 - Google Patents
奇丝地花菌中Grifolin衍生物的制备方法及其在抗衰护肤品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/66—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/84—Sulfur atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
- A61K8/494—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
- A61K8/4946—Imidazoles or their condensed derivatives, e.g. benzimidazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/18—Antioxidants, e.g. antiradicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/08—Anti-ageing preparations
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12P17/00—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/10—Nitrogen as only ring hetero atom
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
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- Birds (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明属化妆品开发领域,具体公开了从奇丝地花菌中提取得到如通式(I)所示的新的Grifolin衍生物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及从可食用真菌奇丝地花菌中提取分离纯化得到新的Grifolin衍生物,及其衍生物和盐类在制备护肤品中的应用。属化妆品和医药技术领域。
背景技术
细胞代谢过程中产生的氧自由基会对细胞内生物大分子产生累积性损伤,引起细胞衰老与增殖能力丧失,这种氧化与抗氧化体系的失衡被认为是引起衰老的重要诱因。麦角硫因(ergothioneine)是最初在真菌Clavicepspurpurea中被发现的一种对细胞具有高度保护性、无毒的天然抗氧化剂,在水中不易被氧化,可以螯合重金属离子,激发细胞的天然抗氧化防御系统,使机体内的红细胞免于自由基的损伤。微生物天然产物是功能活性成分挖掘的宝库,因此,从天然产物中寻找新型抗氧化活性成分逐渐成为近年来的研究热点[1]。
皮肤老化是真皮层的结构发生了改变,其原因有很多种。其中,外界因素引起的体内基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)的激活,可导致支撑皮肤结构的胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白被过度降解,从而出现皮肤皱缩、无弹性等衰老症状。在正常发育过程中,MMPs负责降解存在于骨骼、软骨和皮肤中的胶原、弹性蛋白、明胶、基质糖蛋白和蛋白多糖等细胞外基质(ECM)。其中,基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP-1)是一种钙、锌依赖的脊椎动物胶原酶亚类,是MMP家族中能够高效降解I型和III型间质胶原的成员,参与肿瘤、心血管疾病、多发性硬化症和皮肤衰老等一系列生理和病理过程。通过抑制MMP-1的表达或活性,可减少细胞外基质成分的特异性降解。因此,消除生命活动中过度的自由基损伤,抑制胶原酶活性从而减少胶原蛋白的降解流失,被认为能有效延缓皮肤衰老[2,3]。
地花菌属(Albatrellus)真菌是担子菌纲多孔菌目地花菌科(Albatrellaleae)的高等真菌。奇丝地花菌(Albatrellus dispansus)为地花菌属中的一种,分布在东亚及北美,我国主要分布在云南、四川、西藏和福建等地,是一类可食用真菌。目前已从地花菌属真菌中分离得到多种结构新颖且具有特殊生物活性的代谢产物,主要包括grifolin和neogrifolin及它们的衍生物[4],其中单体化合物grifolin具有广泛的生物活性,包括抗微生物生长[5]、VR-1受体抑制[6,7]、体外抑制肿瘤细胞增殖和迁移[8,9]、抗炎活性[10]、抗艾滋病[11]等。有文献报道grifolin可以减少在辣椒素和灼热刺激下的皮肤刺痛和灼烧感,以及减少皮肤发红和改善微循环[6],此外,绵地花菌(A.ovinus)中分离得到的法尼基酚类化合物3-hydroxyneogrifolin,1-formyl-3-hydroxy-neogrifolin,grifolin,neogrifolin,grifolic acid均具有一定的抗氧化活性[12]。
尽管文献报道了从地花菌属真菌中得到的如上所述多种化学成分以及其中部分化学成分的药理活性,但截至目前,本申请涉及的化合物1为grifolin与麦角硫因结合而成的新化合物,是从可食用真菌奇丝地花菌子实体中分离得到的具有抗氧化和抗衰老作用的天然产物。该化合物不但尚无人从奇丝地花菌中得到,也无人通过分离纯化从其他动植物及微生物中分离得到或通过化学合成及生物合成等方法制备得到;更无人报道这些化合物或其衍生物具有高效清除自由基及降低细胞活性氧水平的作用,以及体外抑制基质金属蛋白酶-1活性和促进细胞胶原蛋白分泌的功能。
参考文献:
[1]Hernandez D.F.,Cervantes E.L.,Luna-Vital D.A.,et al.Crit Rev FoodSci,2020:1-16.
[2]Pavida P.,Jitlada M.,Ornicha P.,et al.IntJMolSci,2016,17(6):868.
[3]Huang C.Y.,Lin Y.T.,Kuo H.C.,et al.J Photoch Photobio B,2017,175:244-253.
[4]陈亚萍,文小玲,李玉鹏.昆明医科大学学报,2015,36(12):145-149.
[5]Luo D.Q.,Shao H.J.,Zhu H.J.,et al.ZNaturforsch,2005,60c:50-56.
[6]Hettwer S.,Banziger S.,Suter B.,et al.IntJCosmet Sci,2017,39(4):379-385.
[7]Veronika H.,Reilinde N.,FrankM.,et al.Arch Pharm Pharm Med Chem,2003,2:119-126.
[8]YaqoobA.,Li W.M.,Liu V.,et al.PLoS One,2020,15(5):e0231948.
[9]BouyahyaA.,ElAllamA.,Zeouk I.,et al.Molecules,2022,27(1):284.
[10]Quang D.N.,Harinantenaina L.,Nishizawa T.,et al.JNatMed,2006,60(4):303-307.
[11]Hashimoto T.,Quang D.N.,Nukada M.,et al.Heterocycles,2005,65(10):2431-2439.
[12]李正鹏,尚耘,向丽,等.食品工业科技,2014,24:10-112.
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,提供一类新的具有抗氧化和抗衰老作用的天然成分。
为解决本发明的技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:
本发明技术方案的第一方面是提供了一种如通式(I)所示的新型Grifolin衍生物或其生理学上可接受的盐:
其中,表示单键或双键;
R1选自-H、-OH、-Cl和-COOH中任一种,优选为H;
当C-2'与C-3'、C-6'与C-7'、C-10'与C-11'的连接方式为单键,则R2、R3和R4分别独立选自-H、-OH、-OCH3和-OCH2CH3中任一种,优选为H;而当C-2'与C-3'、C-6'与C-7'、C-10'与C-11'的连接方式为双键,则C-3'、C-7'与C-11'上分别无R2、R3和R4取代;
所述生理学上可接受的盐为式(I)所示的化合物与有机酸或无机酸所成的盐。其中,有机酸可以是酒石酸、草酸、苹果酸、枸椽酸等,无机酸可以是盐酸、硫酸、氢溴酸、氢氟酸、氢碘酸、硝酸、羧酸、磷酸、乳酸等。
本发明式(I)所示的新型Grifolin衍生物进一步优选为如下式化合物1或其生理学上可接受的盐:
化合物1或其生理学上可接受的盐未见公开报道。本发明显示化合物1具有很好的自由基清除活性和基质金属蛋白酶-1抑制活性,可有效降低细胞活性氧水平,促进细胞胶原蛋白的分泌。
本发明技术方案的第二方面是提供了第一方面所述化合物1由奇丝地花菌中提取而得到的,该制备方法包括以下步骤:
新鲜奇丝地花菌子实体,粉碎后用95v/v%乙醇在35~70℃下提取2~4次,每次2~6小时,提取液合并,减压回收溶剂得到浸膏,浸膏用水分散后,乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取后的水相浓缩得浸膏,用大孔树脂柱色谱分离,依次用水:乙醇1:0~0:1梯度洗脱,TLC或HPLC监测,每个馏分均洗脱至无明显残留样品,减压回收溶剂得到相应的洗脱部分,其中75v/v%乙醇部分用正相硅胶(200-300目)分离,依次用二氯甲烷/甲醇1:0~0:1梯度洗脱,TLC或HPLC监测合并相同组分,其中,二氯甲烷/甲醇(0:1,v/v)洗脱的组分经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱,甲醇为洗脱剂进行分离,利用TLC或HPLC监测合并相同组分,再经C-18反相HPLC制备分离,用5%乙腈/水至50%乙腈/水梯度洗脱,即可获得化合物1。
本发明技术方案的第三方面是提供了一种护肤品组合物或药物组合物,其中包括作为有效成分的使用有效量的如通式(I)所示的Grifolin衍生物或其生理学上可接受的盐,和一种或多种化妆品或药学领域中可接受的载体。
上文所述的药物组合物是指皮肤病治疗药物组合物,所述药物组合物是用于治疗与抗氧化作用有关的皮肤病和/或与抗皮肤老化作用有关的皮肤病。
本发明技术方案的第四方面是提供了通式(I)所示的Grifolin衍生物或其生理学上可接受的盐和护肤品组合物或药物组合物在制备抗氧化和抗衰老护肤品或皮肤病治疗药物中的应用。
所述的护肤品或皮肤病治疗药物是与抗皮肤氧化作用有关的,和/或与抗皮肤老化作用有关。其中:抗皮肤氧化是指清除细胞内(因紫外光照而产生的)活性氧自由基;和/或,抗皮肤老化是指抑制基质金属蛋白酶-1活性,促进人类真皮成纤维细胞中胶原蛋白(尤其是I型胶原蛋白)的分泌。
所述的护肤品或皮肤病治疗药物能够改善皮肤的美学和/或化妆外观。这些改善能够以以下任何方式显现:减少皮肤病学老化症状,它归因于,例如,年龄老化、激素老化和/或光老化的皮肤病学症状减少;减少皮肤脆性;减少毛孔的尺寸;胶原和/或弹性蛋白损失的预防和/或逆转;改善雌激素失调的效应;皮肤萎缩的预防;预防和/或减少包括细纹和/或皱纹的纹/或皱纹的外观和/或深度;预防、减少和/或治疗色素沉着过度;肝色、肤色清晰和/或紧缩度的改善;预防、减少和改善皮肤下垂;促进抗氧化活性;改善皮肤韧性、丰满弹性、柔度和/或柔软度;增加前胶原和/或胶原生成;改善皮肤肌理和/或促进恢复原来的肌理状态;促进皮肤屏障修复和/或功能;皮肤轮廓外观的改善;恢复皮肤光泽和/或亮度;最小化疲劳和应激性反应的皮肤病学症状,例如皮肤发疹和/或对环境影响所引起的应激性反应(污染、温度变化)的抵抗力;补充由于老化和/或绝经减少的皮肤内基本营养和/或成分;增强皮肤细胞间的联系;增加细胞增生和/或增殖;增强由于老化和/或绝经下降的皮肤细胞新陈代谢;延缓细胞老化;抑制皮肤内加速皮肤细胞老化的酶;最小化皮肤干燥和/或增加皮肤水分;最小化皮肤变色,包括黑眼圈;促进和/或加速细胞更新;增加皮肤厚度;增加皮肤弹性和/或弹力;借助于或不借助于α-羟基酸或其它剥离剂,增加表皮剥脱;预防和逆转葡糖胺聚糖(GAG)、胶原和/或弹性蛋白损失;微循环改善;减少和/或预防脂肪团形成;减少痤疮形成。尤其是,具有本发明药物组合物能够改善皮肤的美学外观、健康和活力。这样一种改善能够显现在以下的至少一种中:预防和/或逆转胶原和/或弹性蛋白损失;皮肤肌理改善;肤色、透明度,和/或紧固度改善;促进/加速细胞更新;和增加皮肤厚度。
上文所述化妆品领域中可接受的载体是指化妆品领域常规的化妆品载体,这些载体包括乳化剂(例如水包油、油包水、硅油包水,水包硅油,水包油包水,油包水包油,油包水包硅油等),霜剂,护肤液,液体(例如水剂或水-醇溶液),无水基质(例如唇膏或粉剂等),啫喱,油膏,奶液,软膏,喷雾剂,固体剂,眼霜等。本发明中的组合物可制成各种形式的化妆品,这些化妆品包括防晒霜、无日光美黑产品、护发产品(如洗发液、护发素、染发剂、漂白剂、直发剂和烫发剂),指甲油、保湿霜、护肤液和护肤霜、唇膏和润唇膏、洁面乳、爽肤水、面膜、除臭剂、抑汗剂、角质剥脱剂、剃须品(霜、须后品)、湿面巾、美黑液、沐浴液、润肤油、脚部护理产品(粉剂、喷雾剂)、粉底霜、胭脂、眼影和眼线、唇彩、睫毛膏、婴幼儿产品(婴幼儿护肤霜、润肤油、洗发液、爽身粉、湿巾)。此外,这些化妆品还可作为驻留类化妆品或卸妆霜。
上文所述药学领域中可接受的载体包括一种或多种麻醉剂、抗变应原、抗真菌、抗微生物、抗炎剂、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、螯合剂、着色剂、脱色剂、软化剂、乳化剂、脱落剂、成膜剂、芳香剂、湿润剂、驱虫剂、润滑剂、增湿剂、药剂、光稳定剂、防腐剂、皮肤保护剂、皮肤渗透增强剂、防晒剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、粘度调节剂、维生素,或者它们的任意组合。
有益技术效果
本发明的发明人在对可食用真菌奇丝地花菌成分研究过程中,通过活性跟踪的方法从奇丝地花菌中分离得到了已知化合物麦角硫因和Grifolin,以及新Grifolin衍生物化合物1。通过自由基清除实验、基质金属蛋白酶-1活性测试以及细胞活性氧水平和胶原蛋白分泌量测定,对这些化合物的抗氧化和抗衰老活性进行初步评价。结果显示化合物1具有良好的自由基清除活性和基质金属蛋白酶-1抑制活性,能有效保护皮肤细胞免受紫外光照引起的氧化损伤,显著促进人类真皮成纤维细胞中I型胶原蛋白的分泌,在美容抗衰系列化妆品中有广阔的应用开发前景。
附图说明
图1、奇丝地花菌中化合物1、grifolin及麦角硫因的提取分离过程。
图2、化合物1、grifolin及麦角硫因对ABTS自由基的清除效果。
图3、MMP-1酶促反应体系中荧光随时间的变化。
图4、化合物1对基质金属蛋白酶-1的抑制作用。
图5、HaCaT细胞ROS水平的相对变化。
图6、HDFa细胞胶原蛋白分泌量的相对变化。
图7、化合物1的(+)HR-ESI-MS谱图。
图8、化合物1的1HNMR谱图(500MHz,MeOD)。
图9、化合物1的13C NMR谱图(125MHz,MeOD)。
图10、grifolin的1HNMR谱图(600MHz,MeOD)。
图11、grifolin的13C NMR谱图(150MHz,MeOD)。
图12、麦角硫因的(+)HR-ESI-MS谱图。
图13、麦角硫因的1HNMR谱图(500MHz,D2O)。
图14、麦角硫因的13C NMR谱图(125MHz,D2O)。
具体实施方式
下面的具体实施例可进一步说明本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明权利要求书请求保护的范围。
实施例1、从奇丝地花菌中提取分离纯化的新Grifolin衍生物:化合物1,其分离纯化过程如下:
取新鲜奇丝地花菌(拉丁名:Albatrellus dispansus)子实体75kg,粉碎后用95v/v%乙醇在40℃下超声提取3次,每次提取乙醇用量为50L,每次2小时,提取液合并,减压回收溶剂至无醇味后,用水(6L)分散,乙酸乙酯萃取3次,每次萃取乙酸乙酯用量为6L,萃取后的水相减压浓缩去除残留的乙酸乙酯后,用大孔树脂(D101,4kg)柱色谱(20×150cm)分离,依次用水(5L)、30v/v%乙醇(10L)、50v/v%乙醇(10L)、75v/v%乙醇(5L)和95v/v%乙醇(4L)洗脱,回收溶剂得到相应洗脱部分,其中75v/v%乙醇洗脱部分(30g)用正相硅胶(200-300目)分离,依次用二氯甲烷/甲醇1:0(v/v)洗脱3BV(1BV=1倍柱体积)、二氯甲烷/甲醇50:1(v/v)洗脱5BV、二氯甲烷/甲醇20:1(v/v)洗脱5BV、二氯甲烷/甲醇10:1(v/v)洗脱5BV、二氯甲烷/甲醇5:1(v/v)洗脱3BV、二氯甲烷/甲醇0:1(v/v)洗脱5BV梯度洗脱,每个柱体积收集一次,TLC或HPLC监测合并相同组分,共得到12个亚组分(A0-A11)。其中,二氯甲烷/甲醇(0:1,v/v)洗脱的第1~3BV合并的组分A9(3.4g)经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱,甲醇为洗脱剂进行分离,每20mL收集1管,利用TLC或HPLC监测合并相同组分,得到洗脱部分(A9-1-A9-11)。第11~18管样品合并后的亚组分A9-3(2.1g)再经C-18反相HPLC制备(0-40min,5v/v%乙腈/水至50v/v%乙腈/水,4mL/min)分离,即可获得化合物1(800mg,保留时间:36.1分钟)。化合物1的分离流程图如图1所示。
上述乙酸乙酯层样品,用正相硅胶柱色谱(200-300目)分离,依次用石油醚、二氯甲烷、二氯甲烷/甲醇50:1(v/v)、二氯甲烷/甲醇20:1(v/v)、二氯甲烷/甲醇10:1(v/v)、甲醇洗脱,各自洗脱4L,共得到6个亚组分;其中二氯甲烷洗脱部分(230g)用正相硅胶(200-300目)分离,依次用石油醚、石油醚/乙酸乙酯50:1(v/v)、乙酸乙酯、甲醇洗脱,各自洗脱2L,共得到4个亚组分(B0-B3)。其中组分B1(150g)用SephadexLH-20凝胶柱色谱纯化,用二氯甲烷/甲醇(1:1,v/v)为洗脱剂,利用TLC监测合并相同组分,得到洗脱部分(B1-1~B1-3)。组分B1-3用正相硅胶(200-300目)柱色谱分离,依次用正己烷、正己烷/乙酸乙酯100:1、甲醇洗脱,各自洗脱1L,依次得到3个亚组分(B1-3-1~B1-3-3)。其中正己烷/乙酸乙酯100:1洗脱得到的B1-3-2用Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱纯化,用二氯甲烷-甲醇(1:1,v/v)为洗脱剂,每15mL收集一管,根据TLC合并第8-15管样品为化合物grifolin。
大孔树脂(D101,4kg)柱色谱(20×150cm)分离用水洗脱部分经SephadexLH-20凝胶柱色谱纯化,纯化水作为流动相,每25mL收集一管,利用TLC监测合并碘化铋钾试剂显橙黄色斑点组分,合并其中第19-24管样品为麦角硫因(ergothioneine)。
化合物1:白色粉末;(c 0.05,MeOH);UV(MeOH)λmax(logε):215(4.40)nm;IRνmax3433,2970,2920,1628,1450,1400,1339,1219,1165,1065,1034,907,826,517cm-1;1H NMR(500MHz,MeOD)数据,见表1;13C NMR(125MHz,MeOD)数据,见表1;(+)-HR-ESI-MSm/z556.3202[M+H]+(calcd.for C31H46O4N3S,556.3201)。化合物1的(+)HR-ESI-MS谱图、1HNMR谱图、13C NMR谱图如图7-9所示。
grifolin:黄色油状物;其分子式为C22H32O2。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ:6.12(2H,s,H-4和H-6),5.23(1H,t,J=7.1Hz,H-2′),5.08(1H,t,J=7.6Hz,H-6′),5.07(H,t,J=7.6Hz,H-10′),3.24(2H,d,J=7.1Hz,H2-1′),2.13(3H,s,H3-7),2.06(2H,td,J=7.8,7.6Hz,H2-9′),2.01(2H,td,J=7.1,7.6Hz,H2-5′),1.95(2H,t,J=7.8Hz,H2-8′),1.91(2H,t,J=7.1Hz,H2-4′),1.75(3H,s,H3-15′),1.65(3H,s,H3-12′),1.58(3H,s,H3-13′),1.56(3H,s,H3-14′).13C NMR(150MHz,MeOD)δ:156.9(C-1和C-3),137.1(C-5),135.7(C-7′),134.4(C-3′),131.9(C-11′),125.6(C-10′),125.5(C-6′),125.1(C-2′),113.3(C-2),108.4(C-4和C-6),41.0(C-8′),40.8(C-4′),27.8(C-5′),27.6(C-9′),25.9(C-12′),22.9(C-1′),21.3(C-7),17.7(C-13′),16.2(C-15′),16.1(C-14′),以上数据与参考文献(Hellwig V,et al.Arch Pharm(Weinheim),2003,336(2),119-126.)一致。grifolin的1HNMR谱图、13C NMR谱图如图10-11所示。
麦角硫因(ergothioneine):白色粉末;其分子式为C9H15O2N3S。1H NMR(500MHz,D2O)δ:6.63(1H,s,H-2),3.73(1H,dd,J=12.0,4.0Hz,H-5),3.11(9H,s,H-7,H-8和H-9),3.08(H,d,J=4.0Hz,H-4a),3.03(H,d,J=12.0Hz,H-4b).13C NMR(125MHz,D2O)δ:170.0(C-6),155.9(C-1),123.8(C-3),115.2(C-2),77.0(C-5),52.1(C-7,C-8,C-9),22.8(C-4),以上数据与参考文献(Motohashi,N,e al.Chemical&Pharmaceutical Bulletin,1976,24(8),1737-1741.)一致。麦角硫因的(+)HR-ESI-MS谱图、1HNMR谱图、13C NMR谱图如图12-14所示。
表1.化合物1的核磁共振数据(1H和13C NMR分别在500和125MHz氘代甲醇下测定)
根据上述检测的结果,确认所得化合物1的分子式为C31H45O4N3S,结构式如下:
实施例2、抗氧化活性测试
将7.4mmol/LABTS溶液和2.6mmol/L K2S2O8溶液等体积混合室温避光静置16h,制备成20mLABTS自由基储备液。用磷酸缓冲溶液(pH7.4,10mmol/L)将ABTS自由基储备液稀释,使其在波长734nm处吸光度达到0.70±0.05,制成ABTS工作液。取200μLABTS工作液与10μL磷酸缓冲溶液(pH7.4,10mmol/L)混合,测得734nm处的吸光度设为空白对照A0。用DMSO分别溶解化合物1、grifolin、麦角硫因和阳性药水溶性维生素E(Trolox),配制成10mg/mL母液,再用水稀释至系列浓度。将10μL不同浓度的样品溶液与200μLABTS工作液混合,使阳性药维生素E终浓度为0.9、1.79、3.58、7.15、10.73和14.30μg/mL,化合物1、grifolin和麦角硫因终浓度均分别为3.12、6.25、12.50、25.00、50.00和60.00μg/mL,溶液室温静置10min后于波长734nm处测量吸光度(Ai)。同时,将10μL对应浓度的样品溶液与200μLpH 7.410mmol/L磷酸缓冲溶液混合,测定其在波长734nm处的背景吸光度设为Aj。每个样品浓度设置3个平行。
计算样品对ABTS的清除率公式如下:
ABTS scavenging activity(%)=[1-(Ai-Aj)/A0]×100%
图2为样品对ABTS自由基的清除效果。如图2所示,与空白对照组(清除率为0)相比较,不同浓度的化合物1、grifolin和麦角硫因均对ABTS自由基有良好的清除作用。化合物1在25.0μg/mL浓度下的自由基清除率达到85.5%,在50.0μg/mL浓度下的自由基清除率超过99%。应用Graphpad Prism 8.0软件进行非线性拟合后,计算得出各化合物的抗氧化活性IC50值列于表3。其中,化合物1对ABTS自由基清除的IC50为8.25μg/mL。与此同时,水溶性维生素E、grifolin和麦角硫因均被报道过具有较强的抗氧化性质,其IC50分别为4.75、3.75和1.70μg/mL。上述试验结果表明,化合物1具有良好的抗氧化能力,活性与维生素E等天然高效抗氧化剂的效果相当。
实施例3、基质金属蛋白酶-1活性测试
采用MMP-1抑制剂筛选试剂盒(Abcam,ab118973)测定化合物1、grifolin和麦角硫因对基质金属蛋白酶-1的抑制作用。MMP-1可水解特定的荧光共振能量转移(FRET)底物促使荧光基团释放,其荧光信号在Em/Ex=480/530nm时可以被检测到。而有效的MMP-1抑制剂可阻断底物的水解,降低单位时间内的荧光信号。
首先考察1mg/mL高浓度条件下,化合物1、grifolin和麦角硫因对基质金属蛋白酶-1的抑制活性。在黑色96孔板中按表2配制100μL反应体系,每组设置2个平行,依次加入对应体积的MMP-1酶原液,测试缓冲液或化合物溶液(用DMSO分别溶解化合物1、grifolin和麦角硫因配成溶液),震荡混匀后37℃温浴5min。随后加入FRET底物,立即用多功能酶标仪(SPARK 10M,TECAN)测定各样品孔的初始荧光信号F0,并监测2.5h内荧光信号变化情况,记录反应2.5h后样品的荧光信号F1。按照下列公式计算样品作用后的相对酶活性,其中酶对照组的初始荧光信号设为F0e,反应2.5h后的荧光信号设为F1e;化合物组的初始荧光信号设为F0s,反应2.5小时后样品溶液的荧光信号设为F1s。
表2基质金属蛋白酶-1活性测定反应体系配制(总体积100μL,单位:μL/孔)
结果表明,在1mg/mL的初筛浓度下,只有化合物1对基质金属蛋白酶-1表现出明显的抑制活性,抑制率达到94.3%,而grifolin和麦角硫因均无显著抑制活性,抑制率仅为2.6%和17.4%。为进一步测定化合物1抑制基质金属蛋白酶-1活性的半抑制浓度IC50,设置化合物1的终浓度梯度为0(酶对照组及阴性对照组)、10、50、100、250、500、750和1000.0μg/mL,每个样品浓度设置2个平行。同样按表2配制100μL反应体系并监测反应过程中的荧光变化,考察不同浓度的化合物1对基质金属蛋白酶-1的抑制效果,并用GraphPad Prism 8软件拟合计算IC50。
图3为MMP-1酶促反应体系中荧光随时间的变化。如荧光动力学变化图所示(图3),随着酶促反应的进行,体系中的FRET荧光逐渐增加,荧光增强的速率与化合物1的浓度呈反比。通过公式计算出在不同浓度化合物1的作用下,基质金属蛋白酶-1的相对活性变化(图4)。结果表明,化合物1对基质金属蛋白酶-1活性的抑制作用呈现浓度依赖性,拟合计算得出IC50为204.86μg/mL。奇丝地花菌中分离得到的三个化合物及阳性药的相关活性IC50值汇总于表3。从中可知,化合物1具有良好的自由基清除能力和基质金属蛋白酶-1抑制活性,有望帮助细胞抵抗氧化应激损伤,延缓皮肤衰老。
表3化合物及阳性药相关活性的半抑制浓度IC50值
实施例4、细胞活性氧(ROS)水平测试
收集处于对数生长期的人类永生化表皮细胞(HaCaT细胞),以4×104细胞/孔密度铺于96孔板,置于37℃、5%CO2饱和湿度培养箱中培养过夜。弃去旧培养液,于空白组和模型组孔中加入200μL新鲜MEM培养液,于药物组各孔中分别加入200μL含50μg/mL化合物1,50μg/mL grifolin或者50μg/mL麦角硫因的MEM培养液,每组设置3个平行,继续培养24h。孵育结束后,弃去培养液,各孔加入50μLPBS缓冲液(pH7.4,10mmol/L)。用240mJ/cm2UVB紫外辐照剂量对模型组和药物组细胞进行照射,同时空白组细胞避光。照射15min后弃去PBS,加入200μL新鲜MEM培养液继续孵育12h,随后用2,7-二氯荧光素二乙酸酯(DCFH-DA)活性氧荧光探针测定各孔细胞中ROS含量。每孔加入100μL培养基稀释的DCFH-DA探针(终浓度10μM),孵育20min后弃去溶液,用PBS缓冲液(pH7.4,10mmol/L)洗涤细胞3次,利用多功能酶标仪(Tecan Spark 10M)测定488nm激发波长和525nm发射波长下各孔的荧光强度。将空白组的荧光强度设为100%,考察UVB光照组及各给药组中细胞ROS含量的相对变化。
如图5所示,UVB紫外光照后,HaCaT细胞内ROS水平显著提高至132.2%(*P<0.05)。而药物组中化合物1、grifolin或者麦角硫因的预处理均可有效降低细胞内ROS的生成,其ROS水平分别降至模型组(UVB光照组)的63.3%、73.6%和76.8%(***P<0.001。因此,化合物1能有效清除因紫外光照而产生的活性氧自由基,维持细胞氧化与抗氧化之间的平衡,从而保护皮肤抵抗氧化损伤,预防光老化。
实施例5、细胞胶原蛋白分泌水平测试
收集处于对数生长期的人类真皮成纤维细胞(HDFa细胞),以2×104细胞/孔密度铺于24孔板,置于37℃、5%CO2饱和湿度培养箱中培养过夜。弃去旧培养液,于空白组孔中加入1mL新鲜的DMEM完全培养基,阳性药物组孔中加入1mL含10ng/mL转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)的DMEM培养液,于各加药孔分别加入1mL含50μg/mL化合物1,50μg/mL grifolin或者50μg/mL麦角硫因的DMEM培养液,每组设置3个平行,继续培养72h。孵育结束后,收集细胞上清液用于胶原蛋白分泌量测试。与此同时,孔底的细胞与0.5mL含MTS试剂(Promega,G3582)的DMEM完全培养基混合,在培养箱中共孵育60min,利用多功能酶标仪(Tecan Spark 10M)测定490nm处吸光值,以计算细胞存活率。
采用Procollagen Peptide ELISA试剂盒(TAKARA,MK101)测定细胞上清液中I型胶原蛋白分泌。按照试剂盒说明书稀释标准品终浓度为320ng/mL、160ng/mL、80ng/mL、40ng/mL、20ng/mL、10ng/mL、0ng/mL,并将收集的细胞上清液稀释50倍。将制备的标准品和样品溶液各100μL加入微孔板中,在37℃下孵育3h。倒出孔中的标准品及样品溶液,加入300μL的PBS缓冲液(pH7.4,10mmol/L)洗5次。在各孔中分别加入100μL的四甲基联苯胺(3,3’,5,5’-Tetramethylbenzidine,TMBZ)底物溶液,室温(25℃)反应15min后,加入100μL0.5mol/LH2SO4充分混匀以终止反应。利用多功能酶标仪(Tecan Spark10M)测定450nm处吸光值。将空白组胶原蛋白分泌量作为对照,考察各组细胞胶原蛋白释放量的相对变化。
相对胶原蛋白分泌量的计算公式如下:
相对胶原蛋白分泌量(%)=(样品OD450 nm/空白组OD450 nm)/(样品OD490nm/空白组OD490 nm)
如图6所示,与空白组(细胞胶原蛋白分泌量设为100%)相比较,50μg/mL的化合物1和麦角硫因均能显著促进HDFa细胞释放胶原蛋白,其表达量分别提高了80.2%和81.9%(**P<0.01)。与此同时,阳性药TGF-β组中胶原蛋白的含量高达343.6%(***P<0.001)。而grifolin对细胞胶原蛋白的分泌无明显作用。此外,HDFa细胞存活率介于95%-105%之间,在实验浓度条件下各化合物均无明显细胞毒活性。以上结果表明,化合物1能显著促进人类真皮成纤维细胞中I型胶原蛋白的分泌,在美容抗衰系列化妆品中有广阔的应用前景。
Claims (7)
1.化合物1或其生理学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述化合物1结构式为:
2.权利要求1所述的化合物1或其生理学上可接受的盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述化合物1的制备方法包括以下步骤:
取新鲜奇丝地花菌子实体,粉碎后用95v/v%乙醇在35~70℃下提取2~4次,每次2~6小时,提取液合并,减压回收溶剂得到浸膏,浸膏用水分散后,乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取后的水相浓缩得浸膏,用大孔树脂柱色谱分离,依次用水:乙醇=1:0~0:1,v/v梯度洗脱,TLC或HPLC监测,每个馏分均洗脱至无明显残留样品,减压回收溶剂得到相应的洗脱部分,其中75v/v%乙醇部分用正相硅胶分离,所用硅胶粒径为200-300目,依次用二氯甲烷:甲醇=1:0~0:1,v/v梯度洗脱,TLC或HPLC监测合并相同组分,其中,二氯甲烷:甲醇=0:1,v/v洗脱的组分经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱,甲醇为洗脱剂进行分离,利用TLC或HPLC监测合并相同组分,再经C-18反相HPLC制备分离,用5%乙腈/水至50%乙腈/水梯度洗脱,即可获得化合物1。
3.一种护肤品组合物,其特征在于,所述的护肤品组合物包括权利要求1所述的化合物1或其生理学上可接受的盐和一种或多种化妆品领域中可接受的载体。
4.权利要求1所述的化合物1或其生理学上可接受的盐或权利要求3所述的护肤品组合物在制备抗氧化护肤品中的应用。
5.权利要求1所述的化合物1或其生理学上可接受的盐或权利要求3所述的护肤品组合物在制备抗衰护肤品中的应用。
6.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,抗皮肤氧化是指清除细胞内活性氧自由基。
7.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,抗皮肤老化是指抑制基质金属蛋白酶-1活性,促进人类真皮成纤维细胞中胶原蛋白的分泌。
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