CN116283429A - Biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases in continuous cropping - Google Patents
Biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases in continuous cropping Download PDFInfo
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid group Chemical group C(CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O)(=O)O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M monosodium L-glutamate Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 36
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 36
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 206010027145 Melanocytic naevus Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 208000007256 Nevus Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 9
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- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- LGDSHSYDSCRFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound CN=C=S LGDSHSYDSCRFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 2
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- UOORRWUZONOOLO-OWOJBTEDSA-N (E)-1,3-dichloropropene Chemical compound ClC\C=C\Cl UOORRWUZONOOLO-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223221 Fusarium oxysporum Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241001143352 Meloidogyne Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000179039 Paenibacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589771 Ralstonia solanacearum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000813090 Rhizoctonia solani Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000187747 Streptomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001123668 Verticillium dahliae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LFHISGNCFUNFFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloropicrin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl LFHISGNCFUNFFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002316 fumigant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006283 soil fumigant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000034 soilborne pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- UOORRWUZONOOLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N telone II Natural products ClCC=CCl UOORRWUZONOOLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases in continuous cropping. Relates to the technical field of agriculture. Comprises the following components: microorganism material, main material and auxiliary material. The effective viable count of the invention is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g organic matter is more than or equal to 40.0%; the aim of promoting the growth of crops and improving the resistance of the crops is achieved by inoculating microorganisms which can cause the immunity of a crop system, and the loss caused by soil-borne diseases is avoided or reduced to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases in continuous cropping.
Background
Currently, soil-borne diseases of crops refer to diseases caused by infection of plants by pathogens (fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and protozoa) partially or mostly existing in soil in life when external conditions are appropriate. Soil-borne diseases have become a worldwide problem, jeopardizing the sustainable development of agriculture. Numerous studies have been carried out over the past decades on soil-borne pathogenic microorganisms, such as rhizoctonia solani, verticillium dahliae, fusarium oxysporum, ralstonia solanacearum, streptomyces scab and meloidogyne, which are common soil-borne pathogens with a broad host range and can cause crop yield loss, resulting in great economic losses. Soil-borne diseases become more and more important factors for limiting the yield and quality of crops due to production modes such as intensive planting, single continuous cropping and the like. In addition, the spreading of soil-borne diseases causes the problem that the crop yield has greater and greater dependence on pesticides, thereby causing environmental pollution. Therefore, research on soil-borne diseases is carried out, and reasonable prevention and control are scientifically significant and practical value is achieved.
In the control of soil-borne diseases, the effective methods commonly adopted mainly include: (1) Chemical fumigation, such as applying fumigants of chloropicrin, 1, 3-dichloropropene, methyl isothiocyanate, etc. Methyl bromide was first widely used as a soil fumigant in soil-borne disease control, now being disabled by its identification as an ozone-destroying substance; (2) Grafting or breeding some disease-resistant varieties, such as grafting resistant stocks can effectively reduce the occurrence of bacterial wilt of tomatoes, but can only be effective on individual crops, and cannot be widely applied to various crops; (3) Physical methods such as high temperature, steam sterilization, hot water infiltration and the like are adopted to prevent soil-borne diseases before crop planting, and the physical measures cannot pollute the environment, but are limited by factors such as sites, periods and the like, and are difficult to execute. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new method for controlling soil-borne diseases of crops.
Therefore, whether to solve the technical problems is a problem which needs to be solved by the technicians in the field by providing a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases with continuous cropping resistance comprises the following components: microbial materials, main materials and auxiliary materials; the microbial material for the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases comprises bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus in a mass ratio of 1:1, a step of; in the organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases by continuous cropping, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g.
Preferably: the main materials comprise: fruit residue, dried bagasse, edible fungus residue, distiller's grains, brewer's grains, sugar residue, vinegar residue, starch residue, cassava residue, citric acid residue, soy sauce residue, monosodium glutamate residue, bean curd residue, oil cake residue, bran, cotton seed meal, sludge, brewer's residue mud, slaughter leftovers, swill, leftovers and human and animal feces.
Preferably: the auxiliary materials comprise: one or more of crop straw, leaf weeds, melon vine, straw, pine nut shells, peanut shells, sawdust, chaff powder and bran.
Preferably: the mass ratio of the main materials to the auxiliary materials is 3-5: 1.
preferably: the organic fertilizer is granule.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases by any continuous cropping, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying the auxiliary materials until the water content is 60-65%, crushing and carrying out high-carbon treatment; mixing with the main material, and controlling the water content of the mixed main material and auxiliary material to be 60-65%; then mixing the strain, main material and auxiliary material uniformly, and stacking at least 4m at above 15 deg.C 3 The width is 1.5-2 m, the height is 0.5-0.7 m, the length is not limited, and air holes are opened in the pile;
(2) The pile temperature starts to overturn at 50 ℃ once a day, if the pile temperature exceeds 65 ℃, the pile temperature is overturned again, the temperature is controlled below 70 ℃, the pile temperature is reduced, the materials are loose, the original odor of the materials is avoided, the materials have little ammonia smell, white hypha is generated in the pile, and the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases, which has the beneficial effects that the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g, and the organic matter is more than or equal to 40.0%; the aim of promoting the growth of crops and improving the resistance of the crops is achieved by inoculating microorganisms which can cause the immunity of a crop system, and the loss caused by soil-borne diseases is avoided or reduced to a certain extent.
Detailed Description
The following description will clearly and fully describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a biological organic fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping and preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases.
Example 1
The biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases comprises the following components: microbial materials, main materials and auxiliary materials; the microbial material for the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases comprises bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus in a mass ratio of 1:1, a step of; in the organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases by continuous cropping, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the main materials comprise: fruit residue, dried bagasse, edible fungus residue, distiller's grains, brewer's grains, sugar residue, vinegar residue, starch residue, cassava residue, citric acid residue, soy sauce residue, monosodium glutamate residue, bean curd residue, oil cake residue, bran, cotton seed meal, sludge, brewer's residue mud, slaughter leftovers, swill, leftovers and human and animal feces.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the auxiliary materials comprise: one or more of crop straw, leaf weeds, melon vine, straw, pine nut shells, peanut shells, sawdust, chaff powder and bran.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the mass ratio of the main materials to the auxiliary materials is 3-5: 1.
to further optimize the technical scheme: the organic fertilizer is granule.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying the auxiliary materials until the water content is 60%, crushing and carrying out high-carbon treatment; mixing with the main materials, and controlling the water content of the mixed main materials and auxiliary materials to be 60%; then mixing the strain, main material and auxiliary material uniformly, and stacking at least 4m at above 15 deg.C 3 The width is 1.5m, the height is 0.5m, the length is not limited, and an air hole is formed in the pile;
(2) The pile temperature starts to overturn at 50 ℃ once a day, if the pile temperature exceeds 65 ℃, the pile temperature is overturned again, the temperature is controlled below 70 ℃, the pile temperature is reduced, the materials are loose, the original odor of the materials is avoided, the materials have little ammonia smell, white hypha is generated in the pile, and the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases is obtained.
Example 2
The biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases comprises the following components: microbial materials, main materials and auxiliary materials; the microbial material for the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases comprises bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus in a mass ratio of 1:1, a step of; in the organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases by continuous cropping, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the main materials comprise: fruit residue, dried bagasse, edible fungus residue, distiller's grains, brewer's grains, sugar residue, vinegar residue, starch residue, cassava residue, citric acid residue, soy sauce residue, monosodium glutamate residue, bean curd residue, oil cake residue, bran, cotton seed meal, sludge, brewer's residue mud, slaughter leftovers, swill, leftovers and human and animal feces.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the auxiliary materials comprise: one or more of crop straw, leaf weeds, melon vine, straw, pine nut shells, peanut shells, sawdust, chaff powder and bran.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the mass ratio of the main materials to the auxiliary materials is 5:1.
to further optimize the technical scheme: the organic fertilizer is granule.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying the auxiliary materials until the water content is 65%, crushing and carrying out high-carbon treatment; mixing with the main materials, and controlling the water content of the mixed main materials and auxiliary materials to be 65%; then mixing the strain, main material and auxiliary material uniformly, and stacking at least 4m at above 15 deg.C 3 The width is 2m, the height is 0.7m, the length is not limited, and the air holes are opened in the pile;
(2) The pile temperature starts to overturn at 50 ℃ once a day, if the pile temperature exceeds 65 ℃, the pile temperature is overturned again, the temperature is controlled below 70 ℃, the pile temperature is reduced, the materials are loose, the original odor of the materials is avoided, the materials have little ammonia smell, white hypha is generated in the pile, and the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases is obtained.
Example 3
The biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases comprises the following components: microbial materials, main materials and auxiliary materials; the microbial material for the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases comprises bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus in a mass ratio of 1:1, a step of; in the organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases by continuous cropping, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the main materials comprise: animal feces.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the auxiliary materials comprise: crop stalks.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the mass ratio of the main materials to the auxiliary materials is 4:1.
to further optimize the technical scheme: the organic fertilizer is granule.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying the auxiliary materials until the water content is 63%, crushing and carrying out high-carbon treatment; mixing with the main materials, and controlling the water content of the mixed main materials and auxiliary materials to be 63%; then mixing the strain, main material and auxiliary material uniformly, and stacking at least 4m at above 15 deg.C 3 The width is 1.8m, the height is 0.6m, the length is not limited, and an air hole is formed in the pile;
(2) The pile temperature starts to overturn at 50 ℃ once a day, if the pile temperature exceeds 65 ℃, the pile temperature is overturned again, the temperature is controlled below 70 ℃, the pile temperature is reduced, the materials are loose, the original odor of the materials is avoided, the materials have little ammonia smell, white hypha is generated in the pile, and the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases is obtained.
Comparative experiments
Determination of compound proportion of bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus
1. Material
Bacillus subtilis GT018-JZ18111 (fungus 10) 10 cfu/g): the microbial fertilizer is purchased from a microbial fertilizer technical research and popularization center;
paenibacillus mucilaginosus GT018-JZ18112 (fungus 10) 10 cfu/g): purchased from microbial fertilizersA material technology research and popularization center;
seed potato: the variety is Xia Bodi detoxified potato.
2. Test time and place
Test time: 25 from 3 months in 2019 to 8 months and 27 days in 2020
Test site: the Yaozhou area is a country (a land block with potatoes which are continuously planted for more than 3 years and serious black nevus disease incidence is selected).
Test design
The test was run with 6 treatments, 3 replicates, and a completely randomized block design. Cell area 6.00m×5.00 m=30.00 m 2 . Details of each treatment group are shown in Table 1
TABLE 1
3. Field management
Soil preparation, base fertilizer application, deep turning, potato tuber cutting and seed dressing, artificial hole sowing, planting density 4000 plants/mu, urea 6 kg/mu in the middle growth stage, watering, and harvesting after 90 days.
4 investigation and result analysis
4.1 Effect of different treatments on biological Properties of Potato
Effect of different treatments on potato biological traits: before harvesting potatoes, 10 potato samples were randomly extracted from each cell, the height of the plants was measured with a ruler, and the stem thickness was measured with a vernier caliper. Investigation shows that after the test fertilizer is applied to the potatoes, the plant height and the stem thickness are correspondingly improved. See tables 2 and 3 for details.
Table 2 2019 test area potato growth
| Treatment of | Plant height/cm | Stem thickness/mm |
| T1 | 85.9 | 13.9 |
| T2 | 90.1 | 15.4 |
| T3 | 94.1 | 16.5 |
| T4 | 89.2 | 14.9 |
| T5 | 84.6 | 14.2 |
| CK | 74.8 | 12.3 |
Table 3 potato growth in the 2020 test area
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, the plant height and stem thickness of treatment T3 (1 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus: 1 bacillus subtilis) are significantly higher than those of other treatments, thus indicating that the effect of compounding Paenibacillus mucilaginosus and bacillus subtilis according to a ratio of 1:1 is obvious on potato growth promotion.
4.2 Effect of different treatments on potato black nevus disease
Potato black nevus is a common disease on potatoes and is one of the main factors of continuous cropping obstacle of potatoes.
Table 42019 potato black nevus disease
Tab 52020 potato black nevus disease condition
After two years of follow-up investigation (see table 4 and table 5 in detail) on the occurrence of potato black nevus disease in 2019 and 2020, it is found that the treatment T3 has a remarkable control effect on potato black nevus disease compared with other treatments, the control effect can reach 71.5% and 73.5%, and the control effect on potato black nevus disease can be improved to a certain extent by continuously applying the treatment T3 according to two years of test data.
According to the experiment, the bacillus mucilaginosus and the bacillus subtilis are compounded according to the proportion of 1:1, so that the potato compound has a growth promoting effect on the growth of potatoes, can improve the prevention and treatment effect on potato black nevus, and has a certain significance in relieving the occurrence of continuous cropping obstacle.
The technical effects are as follows:
verification of the biological organic fertilizer field test Effect prepared in example 3
1. Test time and place
Time: 20 days of 3 months of 2021 to 25 days of 8 months of 2021
Location: yaozhou area stone column village (land block with serious black nevus disease and potato more than 3 years old)
2. Test materials
Test fertilizer: prepared biological organic fertilizer
Potato variety: detoxified first-generation potato with variety Xia Bodi
3. Test protocol
Treatment 1: conventional fertilization
Treatment 2: conventional fertilizer application decrement of 10% + bio-organic fertilizer
Treatment 3: blank control
The test was run with 3 treatments, 3 replicates, and a completely randomized block design. Cell area 6.00m×5.00 m=30.00 m 2 。
The bio-organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and the application amount is 200 kg/mu.
4. Field management
Soil preparation, base fertilizer application, deep turning, potato tuber cutting and seed dressing, artificial hole sowing, planting density 4000 plants/mu, urea 6 kg/mu in the middle growth stage, watering, and harvesting after 90 days.
5. Test results
5.1 Effect of different treatments on potato yield
The effect of different treatments on potato yield is investigated and the results are shown in table 6.
Table 6 cell yield statistics table
As can be seen from the table, the conventional fertilization decrement is 10% + the tested fertilizer increases the yield by 160.0 kg/mu compared with the conventional fertilization, and the yield is increased by 10.23%; compared with the blank control, the yield is increased by 363.7 kg/mu and 26.74%.
The cell yield results were subjected to analysis of variance as shown in table 7:
TABLE 7 analysis of variance table
As can be seen from Table 7, the inter-process p-value was 0.0001, p < 0.01, indicating that the inter-process yield difference was extremely remarkable, and the results of the multiple comparisons further performed by the LSD method are shown in Table 8.
Table 8: multiple comparison table
| Treatment of | Mean value of | 5% significant level | 1% of very significant level |
| Process 2 | 77.6 | a | A |
| Process 1 | 70.4 | b | B |
| Process 3 | 61.2 | c | C |
As can be seen from table 8 above: the yield difference reached an extremely significant level in treatment 1 compared to treatment 3; the yield difference reaches an extremely significant level in treatment 2 compared to treatment 1; the yield difference reached an extremely significant level compared to treatment 2 and treatment 3.
5.2 effects of different treatments on potato black nevus disease
Potato black nevus is a common disease on potatoes and is one of the main factors of continuous cropping obstacle of potatoes. From the test (Table 9), the control rate of the black nevus disease applied with the bio-organic fertilizer is 71.67%, which is obviously improved compared with the blank control group. Therefore, the biological organic fertilizer can relieve the occurrence of continuous cropping obstacle to a certain extent.
TABLE 9
Conclusion of the test
Under the condition of 10% of conventional fertilization decrement, the prepared biological organic fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping and preventing soil-borne diseases is applied to potatoes in a test field, and the yield is increased by 160.0 kg/mu compared with the conventional fertilization, the yield is increased by 10.23%, and the yield increasing effect is obvious; compared with the blank control, the yield is increased by 363.7 kg/mu, the yield is increased by 26.74%, and the yield increasing effect is extremely remarkable. Moreover, the prevention and treatment effect on potato black nevus disease is improved, and the method has certain positive significance for relieving continuous cropping obstacle.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. The biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases is characterized by comprising the following components: microbial materials, main materials and auxiliary materials; the microbial material comprises bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus, and the mass ratio is 1:1, a step of; in the organic fertilizer, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g.
2. The biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases, which is prepared from the following main materials: fruit residue, dried bagasse, edible fungus residue, distiller's grains, brewer's grains, sugar residue, vinegar residue, starch residue, cassava residue, citric acid residue, soy sauce residue, monosodium glutamate residue, bean curd residue, oil cake residue, bran, cotton seed meal, sludge, brewer's residue mud, slaughter leftovers, swill, leftovers and human and animal feces.
3. The biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases, which is used for resisting continuous cropping according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise: one or more of crop straw, leaf weeds, melon vine, straw, pine nut shells, peanut shells, sawdust, chaff powder and bran.
4. The biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases, which is characterized in that the mass ratio of the main material to the auxiliary material is 3-5: 1.
5. the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases, which is characterized in that the organic fertilizer is a granule.
6. The method for preparing the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases by continuous cropping resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Adding adjuvantsDrying until the water content is 60-65%, crushing and high-carbon treatment; mixing with the main material, and controlling the water content of the mixed main material and auxiliary material to be 60-65%; then mixing the strain, main material and auxiliary material uniformly, and stacking at least 4m at above 15 deg.C 3 The width is 1.5-2 m, the height is 0.5-0.7 m, the length is not limited, and air holes are opened in the pile;
(2) The pile temperature starts to overturn at 50 ℃ once a day, if the pile temperature exceeds 65 ℃, the pile temperature is overturned again, the temperature is controlled below 70 ℃, the pile temperature is reduced, the materials are loose, the original odor of the materials is avoided, the materials have little ammonia smell, white hypha is generated in the pile, and the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases is obtained.
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| CN104609997A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-13 | 吉林农业大学 | Manufacturing process and application method of ginseng bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN107266247A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-20 | 上海稳泛生物技术有限公司 | A kind of biological organic environment-friendly type fertilizer formula and preparation method |
| CN109279927A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-01-29 | 怀化中农国泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of uncaria bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104609997A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-13 | 吉林农业大学 | Manufacturing process and application method of ginseng bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN107266247A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-20 | 上海稳泛生物技术有限公司 | A kind of biological organic environment-friendly type fertilizer formula and preparation method |
| CN109279927A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-01-29 | 怀化中农国泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of uncaria bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation method thereof |
| CN113583914A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-02 | 微生物肥料技术研究推广中心 | Microbial powder for preventing and treating strawberry root rot and preparation method thereof |
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