CN116262887B - 一种等离子刻蚀清洗后中和清洗剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种等离子刻蚀清洗后中和清洗剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种等离子刻蚀清洗后中和清洗剂的制备方法。本发明的制备方法包括如下步骤:将中和清洗剂的原料混合,即可,其原料包括下列质量分数的组分:1%‑5%半胱氨酸、1%‑5%羟胺、0.1%‑0.5%EO‑PO‑EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.1%‑1%表面活性剂B、0.1‑1%螯合剂和水,水补足余量;各组分质量分数之和为100%。本发明制备的中和清洗剂中和力强、对金属和介质层腐蚀速率低、对杂质离子的清除效果好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种等离子刻蚀清洗后中和清洗剂的制备方法。
背景技术
上世纪七十年代,随着半导体材料、设备技术的进一步发展,半导体制造技术已经进入了微米级别,相应的清洗工艺也随着对金属刻蚀要求的增高有了很大的改进。当时用到的光阻主要是I-line酚醛树脂光阻,所以清洗过程需要清洗液具有良好的大分子溶解能力,以二甲亚砜(DMSO)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、醚等有机溶剂体系的清洗液应用而生。但由于湿法刻蚀工艺、lift-off剥离工艺特点使得他们不能满足更小线宽、更高集成密度工艺的需求。
到了90年代,等离子体刻蚀技术在半导体上取得了重大进步,由于其各项异性的刻蚀特征,使得刻蚀图形更加精准,刻蚀线宽更小,金属侧壁控制更好,同时刻蚀后副产物可以以气体的形式被带走,只有少量的副产物(polymer)需要通过湿法化学品进行清洗。
一般来说,等离子刻蚀后有专用清洗液能够针对刻蚀后残留物进行有效的清洗,但是会在晶圆表面有残留。这些清洗液残留物一般呈碱性,若不加去除,会对晶圆表面材料有腐蚀。为了避免在后续的水洗中腐蚀金属,在清洗后会使用IPA或NMP以中和并清洗掉清洗液残留物。另外,为了进一步减小腐蚀,一般会在DI槽中通入CO2进一步减小腐蚀的发生。
然而,由于NMP具有很强的毒性和环境污染性,使得它的使用受到了制约。NMP有一个统一的分类,认为对生殖有毒,并可能损害胎儿。因此,它是一种CMR物质(三致物质,即致癌、致突变、致畸)。此外,它会刺激眼睛和皮肤,并可能引起呼吸道刺激。2011年,NMP作为一种高度关注的物质(SVHC)被添加到候选清单中,并于2018年提出了一项提案,将其视为一种须经授权的物质(REACH法规附件XIV中的第8条建议)。2019年欧盟的一项法规将NMP添加到REACH附件XVII中。除欧盟、美国外,很多地区也开始限制NMP的使用,且对使用NMP的厂家征收更多的税。
基于此,市场开始寻找替代NMP的产品以作为等离子刻蚀后清洗液残留物的中和清洗剂。市场上已有的中和清洗剂对铜不友好,腐蚀性较强,不能满足市场需求。
因此与铜兼容性强的中和清洗剂的开发迫在眉睫。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的问题是为了克服现有技术中等离子刻蚀清洗后中和清洗剂对铜不友好或腐蚀性较强等缺陷,而提供了一种等离子刻蚀清洗后中和清洗剂的制备方法。本发明制备的中和清洗剂中和力强、对金属和介质层腐蚀速率低、对杂质离子的清除效果好。
本发明提供了一种中和清洗剂的制备方法;其包括如下步骤:将中和清洗剂的原料混合,即可;所述原料包括下列质量分数的组分:1%-5%半胱氨酸、1%-5%羟胺、0.1%-0.5%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.1%-1%表面活性剂B、0.1-1%螯合剂和水,水补足余量;各组分质量分数之和为100%;所述各组分质量分数为该组分在中和清洗剂中的质量分数;
其中,所述表面活性剂B为
所述中和清洗剂,所述螯合剂可为本领域常规的螯合剂,优选乳酸。
所述中和清洗剂,所述水可为本领域常规,优选去离子水。
所述中和清洗剂,所述半胱氨酸的质量分数优选1%,2.5%或5%。
所述中和清洗剂,所述羟胺的质量分数优选3%-5%。
所述中和清洗剂,所述EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31的质量分数优选0.3%-0.5%。
所述中和清洗剂,所述表面活性剂B的质量分数优选0.5%-1%。
所述中和清洗剂,所述螯合剂的质量分数优选0.5%-1%,更优选0.5%-0.6%。
在本发明一实施方案中,所述螯合剂为乳酸;
所述羟胺的质量分数为3%-5%;
所述EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31的质量分数为0.3%-0.5%;
所述表面活性剂B的质量分数为0.5%-1%;
所述螯合剂的质量分数为0.5%-1%。
在本发明一实施方案中,所述螯合剂为乳酸;
所述羟胺的质量分数为3%-5%;
所述EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31的质量分数为0.3%-0.5%;
所述表面活性剂B的质量分数为0.5%-1%;
所述螯合剂的质量分数为0.5%-0.6%。
在本发明一实施方案中,所述中和清洗剂,其原料由下列质量分数的组分组成:1%-5%半胱氨酸、1%-5%羟胺、0.1%-0.5%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.1%-1%表面活性剂B、0.1%-1%螯合剂和水,水补足余量;
其中,所述半胱氨酸的质量分数、所述羟胺的质量分数、所述EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31的质量分数、所述表面活性剂B的质量分数、所述螯合剂的种类、所述的质量分数、所述水的种类和所述水的质量分数均同前所述。
较佳地,所述中和清洗剂由以下任一配方组成:
方案一:2.5%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案二:2.5%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.6%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案三:1%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.5%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案四:1%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案五:2.5%半胱氨酸、5%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案六:5%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案七:2.5%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、1%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案八:2.5%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、1%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%的乳酸和补足余量的去离子水。
所述制备方法中,所述混合优选为将所述原料中的固体组分加入到液体组分中,搅拌均匀,即可。
所述制备方法中,所述混合的温度优选为室温。
所述制备方法中,较佳地,所述混合后,还进一步包含振荡,过滤的操作,所述振荡的目的是为了使各原料组分充分混合,所述振荡速度和时间不限,所述过滤是为了除去不溶物。
本发明还提供了一种上述的中和清洗剂。
本发明还提供了一种上述中和清洗剂在等离子刻蚀清洗后在清洗硅晶片上中的应用;
所述应用中,所述晶片的浸泡时间优选为20-90min。
所述应用中,所述晶片的浸泡温度优选为室温。
所述应用中,所述晶片浸泡结束后,还优选包括水洗(例如去离子水清洗)和吹干(例如氮气吹干)。
本发明中,“室温”是指10-30℃。
在符合本领域常识的基础上,上述各优选条件,可任意组合,即得本发明各较佳实例。
本发明中表面活性剂B为自制,其它所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:本发明制备的中和清洗剂中和力强,对金属和介质层腐蚀速率低,对杂质离子的清除效果好。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
表面活性剂为自制,按照CN108675934A实施例1(步骤1),2(步骤2)和3(步骤3)制得。
一、实施例1-8及对比例1-15:
中和清洗剂的制备
中和清洗剂的原料组分种类为表1中的原料组分(即半胱氨酸、羟胺、EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、表面活性剂B、乳酸)和去离子水;中和清洗剂的原料组分含量为表2中的原料组分含量。
在室温下,将表1中原料组分按照表2中的质量分数,将固体原料加入到液体原料中,用去离子水补足余量至100%后,搅拌均匀。混合后,振荡使各原料组分充分混合,然后过滤除去不溶物。
下述实施例中,未限定具体操作温度的,均是指在室温条件下进行。
表1:各实施例中的组分种类
表2:实施例中和清洗剂中各原料组分含量
表中的“余量”为各实施例中,100%减去除水之外其它组分的质量百分比。
二、效果实施例
测试步骤:
实施例1-8中和清洗剂及对比例1-15中和清洗剂的性能检测见表3-表4。具体测试方法分别如下:
1.中和力测试
测试目的:
进行实验以测定本发明样品的“缓冲能力”或“胺中和力”,中和胺溶液至pH=7为止。当pH大于7时(碱性),金属腐蚀的概率将增高。
测试方法:
在有磁搅拌棒的烧杯内加入100g中和清洗剂(本发明样品或对比例样品),分别将胺液A和胺液B滴加入其中至pH=7,用有两点校准的FisherpH计监测pH值。计算胺液的滴加量所占百分比,百分比=胺液的质量/(胺液的质量+100g中和清洗剂的质量)。
胺液的制备:
胺液A由质量分数为55%的二甘醇胺(DGA),10%的没食子酸,30%的羟胺(HDA)和5%水组成;
胺液B由质量分数为27.5%的二甘醇胺(DGA),27.5%的单乙醇胺(MEA),30%的羟胺(HDA),10%的没食子酸和5%的水组成;
胺液C由质量分数为60%的二甘醇胺(DGA),5%的邻苯二酚和35%的羟胺(HDA)组成。
表3:胺中和力
2.金属缓蚀能力测试1
将涂敷金属层的晶圆片分别置于添加8%胺液A或胺液C的本发明样品或对比例样品中,在室温下浸泡30分钟,然后用去离子水冲洗,氮气吹干。
采用四点探针法测量晶圆片在浸泡前及吹干后的膜厚,并计算腐蚀速率(单位)。其中,晶圆片标准Al片=Al/0.5%Cu,/>(即标准Al片厚度为/>含铜量为0.5%);/>(即Ti片厚度为/>);/> (即W片厚度为/>)。
结果显示,在实验误差范围内,金属厚度没有损失。
3.金属缓蚀能力测试2
将涂敷金属层的晶圆片分别置于不添加胺液的样品或对比例样品中,直接在室温下浸泡60分钟(期间搅拌溶液),然后去离子水冲洗,氮气吹干。
采用四点探针法测量晶圆片在浸泡前及吹干后的膜厚,并计算腐蚀速率(单位)。其中晶圆片标准Al片=Al/0.5%Cu,/>Ti片=Ti,/>W片=W,/>Cu片=Cu,/>
表4:腐蚀速率
表中的腐蚀速率分为三个等级:腐蚀小于的,记为A;腐蚀在/>的,记为B;腐蚀大于/>的,记为C。
4.介质层缓蚀能力测试
除了金属材料,晶圆上通常还有各类介质材料,中和清洗剂也需与这些材料兼容,即对这些介质材料有缓蚀效果。这些基材通常为硼磷硅酸盐玻璃(BPSG)(硼和磷的含量约为5wt%)和原硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)的介电材料。
用Geartner Scientific L115椭偏仪测定3英寸(7.62厘米)BPSG(致密)毯和3英寸(7.62厘米)/>晶圆的膜厚。将两种晶片在室温下浸入本发明样品或对比例样品中60分钟,然后用去离子水冲洗并用氮气干燥,然后将样品进行膜厚测定。
结果显示,在实验误差范围内,膜厚没有明显变化。
5.晶片表面杂质离子清除效果测试
清洁化学品中的杂质或来自处理设备的颗粒或杂质沉积在晶片上,对晶片造成污染,需在中和清洁剂作用工艺中加以去除。
将3英寸(7.62厘米)BPSG晶片在室温下分别浸入分别由100ppb的钠,钾,钙,铁(III),铜,铅,锰,锌或镍组成的溶液中5分钟。然后将晶片用氮气流干燥。然后将晶片浸入本发明样品或对比例样品中20分钟。通过原子吸收光谱仪(GFAA)对样品溶液中金属离子的浓度进行分析,浸入后溶液金属离子浓度减去浸入前金属离子浓度为溶液中金属离子浓度增量。
表5:溶液中金属离子增量(ppb)
根据以上的实施例,本发明制备的中和清洗剂有较好的胺中和力,中和清洗剂本身对金属层(如:Al,Ti,W和Cu)和介质层(硼磷硅酸盐玻璃和原硅酸四乙酯)腐蚀性较低的腐蚀速率缓慢,同时对晶片上的杂质离子清除效果好。
Claims (5)
1.一种中和清洗剂的制备方法,其特征在于:其包括如下步骤:将中和清洗剂的原料混合,即可,其原料由下列质量分数的组分组成:1%-5%半胱氨酸、3%-5%羟胺、0.3%-0.5%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%-1%表面活性剂B、0.5%-0.6%螯合剂和水,水补足余量;各组分质量分数之和为100%;
其中,所述表面活性剂B为
所述螯合剂为乳酸。
2.如权利要求1所述中和清洗剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述水为去离子水。
3.如权利要求1所述中和清洗剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述半胱氨酸的质量分数为1%,2.5%或5%。
4.如权利要求1所述中和清洗剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述原料由以下任一方案组成:
方案一:2.5%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案二:2.5%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.6%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案三:1%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.5%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案四:1%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案五:2.5%半胱氨酸、5%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案六:5%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、0.5%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%乳酸和补足余量的去离子水;
方案七:2.5%半胱氨酸、3%羟胺、0.3%EO-PO-EO嵌段共聚物L31、1%所述表面活性剂B、0.5%的乳酸和补足余量的去离子水。
5.如权利要求1所述中和清洗剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法满足如下条件:
(1)所述制备方法中,所述混合为将所述原料中的固体组分加入到液体组分中,搅拌均匀,即可;
(2)所述制备方法中,所述混合的温度为室温;
(3)所述制备方法中,所述混合后,还进一步包含振荡和过滤的操作。
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