CN116218870A - 一种光周期基因CsCOL4及其编码蛋白和应用 - Google Patents
一种光周期基因CsCOL4及其编码蛋白和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种光周期基因及其编码蛋白与应用。本发明从墨兰中克隆得到了光周期基因CsCOL4,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1的第1位到1014位碱基所示,及其编码的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。本发明的CsCOL4基因属于光周期途径中CONSTANS‑like家族成员,其作为光周期调控因子参与了植物的生长发育过程。本发明通过基因工程技术发现,所述的墨兰光周期基因CsCOL4在拟南芥中过量表达,在长日照下促进营养生长,延缓植物开花;在短日照下促进营养生长,促进植物开花,缩短开花时间,从而影响植株的发育。因此,本发明提供的墨兰CsCOL4基因在不同的光照条件下对植物的营养生长和生殖生长进行调控提供了一种有效的技术手段,具有良好的应用前景和极大的经济价值。
Description
技术领域:
本发明属于分子生物学、基因工程技术领域,具体涉及一种光周期基因CsCOL4及其编码蛋白和应用。
背景技术:
光周期是影响植物开花的重要环境因素之一,CO是植物光周期途径中的重要基因,与其它基因一起组成一个复杂的开花时间调控网络。在光周期调控途径中,植物首先通过光敏色素(PhyA、PhyB、PhyC、PhyD、PhyE)和隐花色素(CRY1、CRY2和CRY3)感受日长和光强的变化,产生昼夜节律,光受体本身或与其有关的一些物质之间会形成某种平衡,如果光周期发生变化,这种平衡就会被破坏,结果会调控一些开花基因表达,进而调控开花进程(Takano等,2005)。在光周期诱导植物开花的途径中,CO是日照长度的感受器(Suarez-Lopez等,2001)。当CO表达量超过特定临界值时就可以激活FT的表达(Valverde等,2004;Wigge等,2005)。CO蛋白是一个转录因子,它不是决定植物开花的最终产物,而是通过调控下游基因FT和SOC1的表达控制开花时间(Onouchi et al.,2000;Simpson and Dean,2002)。超表达CO基因后FT和S0C1的表达量增加,开花时间提前,但是在ft突变体中超表达CO基因效果并不明显,说明CO基因是依赖于FT基因来调控植物开花时间。CO位于生物钟输出途径,在生物钟和开花时间之间起着纽带作用(Suarez-Lopez et al.,2001)。
墨兰(Cymbidium.sinense)是兰科(Orchidaceae)兰属(Cymbidium)中的小花型地生种,其花香馥郁,色泽淡雅,花姿秀美,叶态飘逸,备受欢迎,为我国传统铭花之一,具有很好的市场价值,是产业化最大的国兰。我国对花卉的传统消费期主要集中在春节和其它重要节假日,墨兰的花期自10月至翌年3月,墨兰的消费也主要集中在春节,在其它时间,由于其不能开花,市场消费也比较有限。要扩大墨兰的产业化还要能够开花应节上市,其商品价值才会更高。影响墨兰生长发育与开花的因子有肥料、基质、温度、光照、激素等,目前生产上还没有墨兰花期调控的技术体系。
目前,墨兰花期调控方面的研究比较少,在秋季,如果光照不足,其花芽分化会推迟,且分化的花芽数量减少;光照的强弱对墨兰的花色也有明显的影响,若光线不足,则花色黯淡;光线较强时,则花色鲜艳,但光照过强也会使花色变淡,而且会使花期缩短(朱根发和郭振飞,2004)。因此,在墨兰的花期调节中应适时的给予适当的光照才能保证正常花芽分化和开花,甚至提早开花。但光照影响墨兰开花的分子机理尚无报道。
发明内容:
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种在墨兰中表达的、可用于调控植物生长发育的光周期基因—CsCOL4基因,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1的第1位到1014位碱基所示。
所述的CsCOL4基因编码的蛋白的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种含有CsCOL4基因的重组植物表达载体。
所述的表达载体为任意一种可用于农杆菌转化植物的双元载体或可用于植物微弹攻击的载体,如pCAMBIA系列载体、pBI系列载体、pBin系列载体或GatewayTM系列载体。
本发明的第三个目的是提供CsCOL4基因、及其编码的蛋白质和含有CsCOL4基因的重组植物表达载体在促进植物营养生长,调节植物开花时间的应用。
例如在长日照下促进营养生长,推迟植物开花中的应用。在短日照下促进营养生长,促进植物开花中的应用。
优选,所述的应用是将所述的CsCOL4导入植物细胞、组织或器官,再将被转化的植物细胞、组织或器官培育成植株,使所述的CsCOL4在植物中表达,得到营养生长旺盛,花期可控的转基因植物。进一步优选,所述CsCOL4是通过植物表达载体导入植物细胞、组织或器官的。
本发明在墨兰中克隆得到光周期基因CsCOL4,通过转基因及功能鉴定证实在拟南芥中超量表达CsCOL4基因,能促进拟南芥的营养生长,在长日照下延迟拟南芥开花,在短日照下促进拟南芥开花。因此,本发明提供的墨兰CsCOL4基因调控植物营养生长和生殖生长方面具有非常重要的理论及应用价值。
附图说明:
图1是通过Real-time PCR检测CsCOL4基因在墨兰营养器官根、假鳞茎、叶、萼片、花瓣、唇瓣、柱头、子房中的表达量中;纵坐标代表相对表达量的高低;
图2是表达载体pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4转化农杆菌的PCR鉴定图,其中M为Marker2000,1-6为筛选到的阳性克隆、7为连接载体pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4质粒阳性对照;8为空载体质粒pCAMBIA1301阴性对照;
图3是转基因(CsCOL4)拟南芥的PCR鉴定图,其中M为Marker 2000、1为连接载体pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4质粒阳性对照、2-10为CsCOL4转基因拟南芥株系、12为野生型拟南芥阴性对照。
图4是长日照下转基因(CsCOL4)拟南芥和野生型拟南芥开花比较图。其中1为野生型拟南芥、2-4为CsCOL4转基因拟南芥株系
图5是短日照下转基因(CsCOL4)拟南芥和野生型拟南芥开花比较图,其中4为野生型拟南芥、1-3为CsCOL4转基因拟南芥株系
具体实施方式:
下面结合具体实施例进一步阐释本发明。应理解,这些实例仅以用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实例中未注明具体的实验方法,均可按照常规方法进行。如J.萨姆布鲁克等《分子克隆实验指南》、F.奥斯伯等《精编分子生物学实验指南》中所述条件,或按照所用产品生产厂商的使用说明。
实施例1:
一、墨兰CsCOL4基因的克隆
(1)以墨兰品种“企剑白墨”(Cymbidium sinense.‘Qi Jian Bai Mo’)为试验材料,植物材料在温室正常条件下生长(L/D,12h/12h;25-30℃)。
(2)RNA提取:用Trizol reagent(购自Invitrogen公司)进行试验材料叶片的总RNA提取,整个操作过程严格按照Trizol试剂的RNA提取流程说明。
(3)采用诺唯赞的反转录试剂盒逆转录mRNA成cDNA第一链,方法按照试剂说明书进行。
基因的克隆:以逆转录的墨兰叶片cDNA第一链为模板,采用引物CsCOL4-F(ATGGTCTCCGCTGACGCCGACT)和CsCOL4-R(CTAGCTAGTCTTGGCAAACC)进行常规PCR扩增,根据诺唯赞的高保真DNA聚合酶试剂(Phanta Max DNA Polymerase)产品说明书,对CsCOL4全长进行克隆。加样体系参照酶的说明书,PCR反应程序如下:95℃预变性3min;95℃变性15s,56℃退火15s,72℃延伸1min,共进行34个循环,然后72℃延伸5min。将PCR产物用1.5%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测并进行目的条带回收,方法按照柱式PCR产物纯化试剂盒(SanPrep ColumnPCR Product Kit)产品说明书(生工生物工程股份有限公司)进行操作。将回收目的片段,连接于T载体上,方法参考擎科生物科技有限公司T载体试剂盒(pClone 007Blunt SimpleVector Kit)产品说明书,构建带有目的片段的T载体连接产物。取5μl连接产物,转到大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞(唯地生物)中,加800ml LB,复苏1h,涂于含50mg/L卡那抗生素(Kan)的LB平板上,37℃过夜。挑取白色克隆,在LB+Kan(50mg/L)液体培养基中扩增培养,送交测序。其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,开放阅读框从第1位到1014位碱基,长1014bp,将此开放阅读框命名为CsCOL4基因,其编码338个氨基酸,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示,用NCBI中的CDD程序对其进行氨基酸结构域分析,结果显示它含有两个B-box型锌指结构域和一个CCT结构域,属于CONSTANS-like家族基因。
实施例2:墨兰CsCOL4基因表达模式分析
在墨兰的营养生长期和生殖生长期,用Trizol reagent(Invitrogen)分别提取墨兰植株的根、假鳞茎、叶片、以及不同的花器官的总RNA,用DNase I(Takara)处理除去基因组DNA,测定OD260后定量取出2μg RNA。然后再使用采用诺唯赞的反转录试剂盒进行逆转录反应(方法参考说明书)。根据企剑白墨CsCOL4基因序列以及内参ACTIN序列设计跨内含子特异引物,引物序列如下:
qCOL4-F:5’-ACCGGTGTTTAGCTGGGATG-3’;
qCOL4-R:5’-TATCCTTTGGGGGAGGAGGG-3’;
qACT-F:5’-TTTATGAGGGTTATGCGCTTCC-3’;
qACT-R:5’-ATTTCCCGTTCCGCAGTAGTT-3’。
根据诺唯赞公司的荧光定量qPCR试剂盒(ChamQTM Universal SYBR qPCR Mix)产品说明书,使用荧光定量PCR仪(LightCycler480 II,Roche)进行qPCR检测,将所得cDNA稀释5倍作为模板,qPCR反应体系(20μl)入下:
反应程序如下:①95℃预变性30sec;②PCR反应40个循环:95℃5sec,56℃10sec,72℃2min;④95℃2sec,56℃15sec;⑤95continuous;⑥40℃30sec。
分析CsCOL4基因在企剑白墨不同器官中的表达特征,结果如图1所示,结果显示CsCOL4基因在植株的根、茎、叶和花器官中都有表达,但在叶片中的表达量最强,在根部表达量最低,各个花器官中,其中在萼片和唇瓣中的表达强度要明显高于在其它花器官中的表达。
实施例3:墨兰CsCOL4基因在拟南芥中的超表达及转基因植株的表型鉴定
(1)目的基因CsCOL4超表达载体的构建
以前面逆转录得到的cDNA为模板,使用诺唯赞的高保真DNA聚合酶试剂(PhantaMax DNA Polymerase)进行扩增,反应体系按产品说明书,扩增引物为
CsCOL4-F acgggggacgagctcggtaccATGGTCTCCGCTGACGCC
CsCOL4-R acgaaagctctgcaggtcgacCTAGCTAGTCTTGGCAAACCTGC
反应程序为95℃预变性3min;95℃变性15s,56℃退火15s,72℃延伸1min,共进行34个循环,然后72℃延伸5min。
扩增产物经琼脂糖电泳,胶回收测序,确定得到CsCOL4基因。用KpnI和SalI酶切表达载体pCAMBIA1301,再根据同源重组连接试剂盒(ClonExpress One Step Cloning Kit)产品说明书,将目的基因和线性化的载体重组连接,pCAMBIA1301重组反应体系(20μl)如下:
37℃反应30min,再将连接产物转化大肠杆菌DH5a并鉴定阳性单克隆,构建获得含有目的基因CsCOL4基因的表达载体pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4。
(2)将重组质粒pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4转化到农杆菌GV3101
取1μl重组质粒表达载体pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4与农杆菌GV3101感受态细胞混匀,冰上放置5min。然后液氮速冻5min后,迅速转到37℃放置5min。加700μl无抗生素的LB培养基,在28℃中,180RPM转速中培养3h。室温6000rpm离心1min,吸走多于上清液,留下100μl上清进行重悬,用涂布器均匀涂布在含有Kan(50mg/L)的LB固体培养基平板上,将平板倒置放在28℃的培养箱中培养,直至菌落长出(约2天)。挑取单克隆进行菌落PCR鉴定,挑取单克隆进行菌落PCR鉴定,菌落鉴定的PCR引物为为CsCOL4-F:ATGGTCTCCGCTGACGCC和CsCOL4-R:CTAGCTAGTCTTGGCAAACCTGC,菌落PCR鉴定如图2所示,其中1~6为筛选到的阳性克隆、7为连接载体pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4质粒阳性对照;8为空载体质粒pCAMBIA1301阴性对照。从图2可以看出,阳性克隆1~6都扩增出CsCOL4基因片段,由此说明表达载体pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4转入了1~6农杆菌GV3101中。选取转入了表达载体pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4的农杆菌GV3101克隆作为阳性克隆。
(3)利用花序侵染法转化拟南芥
将菌液转入无菌的50ml离心管中,5000rpm,15min离心收集菌种,再用同等体积的渗透培养基(1/2MS+0.5g/L MES+5% Sucrose,pH5.7)重悬农杆菌,并加入表面活性剂Silwet,使其终浓度达到0.02%(200μl/L)。所述的MS培养基是本领域常用培养基,其配方参考(Murashige T and Skoog F,1962)。
(4)转基因植株的分子鉴定。
收集当代转基因植株种子(T0代),灭菌(10%NaClO 10min,灭菌水漂洗6次)后播种于含有30mg/L的潮霉素的1/2MS固体培养基上筛选。将生长10天左右的绿色抗性植株转栽到盆钵里,基质为泥炭土与蛭石比为3:1(体积比)。收集T1代种子。将该种子种植于含有30mg/L的潮霉素的1/2MS培养基上,统计分离比,选取符合3存活:1死亡分离比的转基因株系植株移栽至钵里进行栽培,收集T2代种子,将该种子种植于含有30mg/L的潮霉素的1/2MS培养基上,种子在培养基上全部为绿苗,T2代种子为纯合系。以质粒pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4为阳性(+)对照,以拟南芥野生型叶片DNA为阴性(-)对照,用PCR检测单插入株系中目的基因的表达。引物序列如下:CsCOL4-F:ATGGTCTCCGCTGACGCC和CsCOL4-R:CTAGCTAGTCTTGGCAAACCTGC,鉴定结果如图3所示,其中M为Marker 2000、1为连接载体pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4质粒阳性对照、2-10为CsCOL4转基因拟南芥株系、12为野生型拟南芥阴性对照。结果表明,pCAMBIA1301-35s-CsCOL4重组质粒已经插入到拟南芥基因组中,由此而获得转入CsCOL4超表达的转基因拟南芥。
(5)转基因植株进行表型鉴定。
将转基因拟南芥T2代植株和野生型拟南芥同等条件下进行培养,在长日照(16小时的光照/8小时的黑暗)下,超表达CsCOL4的拟南芥植株与野生型植株表型有明显差异,如图4所示,转基因35S::CsCOL4拟南芥株系在长日照条件下表现为晚花,野生型拟南芥需要34天开花,而转入CsCOL4基因的转基因拟南芥则需要39天开花。说明超表达CsCOL4会抑制拟南芥开花,比对照延迟约5d左右开花。但是转基因35S::CsCOL4拟南芥营养生长较为旺盛,莲座叶形态和叶面积比野生型更大,转基因35S::CsCOL4莲座叶数量较野生型多5片。进一步的实验表明,外源CsCOL4基因在宿主拟南芥中实现了超量表达,但抑制了拟南芥的AtCO和AtFT的表达,从而延迟了拟南芥开花。
在短日照(8小时的光照/16小时的黑暗)下,超表达CsCOL4的拟南芥植株与野生型植株表型也有明显差异,如图5所示,转基因35S::CsCOL4拟南芥株系与野生型拟南芥相比在短日照条件下表现为早花,说明短日照下超表达CsCOL4会促进拟南芥开花,比野生型拟南芥提前约20d开花;而且转基因35S::CsCOL4拟南芥营养生长也比野生型更旺盛,莲座叶形态和叶面积比野生型更大,转基因35S::CsCOL4莲座叶数量较野生型多10片。根据结果表明,外源CsCOL4基因在宿主拟南芥中实现了超量表达,促进了拟南芥的AtCO和AtFT的表达,从而促进了转基因提前开花。
由上述结果分析表明,本发明的CsCOL4基因是一个新的光周期基因,该基因在长日照下促进营养生长,延缓植物开花;在短日照下促进营养生长,促进植物开花,缩短开花时间,从而影响植株的发育。
序列表
SEQ ID NO.1,一种光周期基因CsCOL4
ATGGTCTCCGCTGACGCCGACTCCGACTCCGTCCCCTGCGACTTTTGCGACTCGGAGTT
TGCGGTGGTCTTCTGCCGAGCCGACTCTGCGCGCCTCTGCCTCGCCTGCGACCGCGAGG
TCCACGCCGCTAATACTGTCTCCTCCCGCCACAACCGTTCTCTTCTCTGCGACTGCTGCG
CCTCCGCCCCGGCAACCATCTTCTGCTCTACTTCTCCCCACCGCCTCGTCCTCTGCTCCA
ACTGCGATTTCAACGCCCACCAAGCTGACGACTACCGTCACGACCGCCGCGCCGTTGAT
CCCTTCACTGGCTGCCCTGCCGGCGCCGTCTTTGCTACCGCCCTTGGTCTTGGAGACGA
CAAGGATTCACTCCCCAACAAGGTGGAAGAGGACTGGGCTTGGGAGGTGCCACCGGTG
TTTAGCTGGGATGATCTGATTTTACAGCCTACGACAACCCCTTTCCACGGGTTTCAAGCT
ATGGGAATCCCTCCTCCCCCAAAGGATAAAAGTTCAACTTGTGGCAAACGTGAGGAAG
ACATACACCGCCAGATTCGTAACCTAATCATAAGTGAGACTGATGGGGTTGATTGCAGCG
AGGAGAATGTGCTAGTTATGGAATTCAAACCTTTGCTGCAGGAGAATCTTCAACTAGGG
AAGTTAGATAATGAGTATGGTTATGCTCCTGTATTTGTGGAAGTACCTAGCTGTGAGATCA
GTAAACTGCAATGCAACCTCACTGATAATCAAATAGCTATCAGCAACCCAGTGGAAATAT
CACCGGAAAATCAGATAGGAAGCTCCTCTTTGGCCGGTGAAACATTTGTTGATAGCACC
ATGGAAACTGCATCACATCCAAGTCTTCCTAAGGATGAATTACTTGACCGCAGCTCTGTC
ATTTTGAGGTACAAAGAGAAGAGGAAGACAAGAAGATATGATAAGCTCATACGATATGA
ATCGAGAAAGGCTCGGGCCGACAGCAGGGTGAGAATTAAGGGCAGGTTTGCCAAGACT
AGCTAG
SEQ ID NO.2,一种光周期基因CsCOL4的编码蛋白
MVSADADSDSVPCDFCDSEFAVVFCRADSARLCLACDREVHAANTVSSRHNRSLLCDCCA
SAPATIFCSTSPHRLVLCSNCDFNAHQADDYRHDRRAVDPFTGCPAGAVFATALGLGDDKDS
LPNKVEEDWAWEVPPVFSWDDLILQPTTTPFHGFQAMGIPPPPKDKSSTCGKREEDIHRQIR
NLIISETDGVDCSEENVLVMEFKPLLQENLQLGKLDNEYGYAPVFVEVPSCEISKLQCNLTD
NQIAISNPVEISPENQIGSSSLAGETFVDSTMETASHPSLPKDELLDRSSVILRYKEKRKTRRY
DKLIRYESRKARADSRVRIKGRFAKTS。
Claims (10)
1.一种墨兰光周期基因CsCOL4,其特征在于,所述的CsCOL4基因的核苷酸序列如SEQIDNO.1的第1位到1014位碱基所示。
2.一种由权利要求1所述的CsCOL4基因编码的蛋白质,其特征在于,其氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO.2所示。
3.一种含有权利要求1所述的CsCOL4基因的重组植物表达载体。
4.根据权利要求3所述的重组植物表达载体,其特征在于,所述的植物表达载体为pBI系列载体、pBin系列载体、GatewayTW系列载体或pCAMBIA系列载体。
5.权利要求1所述的CsCOL4基因、权利要求2所述的蛋白质或权利要求3、4所述的重组植物表达载体在促进植物营养生长,调节植物开花时间中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,是在长日照下促进营养生长,推迟植物开花中的应用。
7.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,是在短日照下促进营养生长,促进植物开花中的应用。
8.根据权利要求5、6、7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的植物为拟南芥。
9.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,是将CsCOL4基因导入植物细胞、组织或器官,再将被转化的植物细胞、组织或器官培育成植株,使所述的CsCOL4在植物中表达,得到营养生长旺盛,花期可控的转基因植物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于,所述CsCOL4基因是通过植物表达载体导入植物细胞、组织或器官中的。
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