CN116217228A - 一种钙钛矿型材料Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种钙钛矿型材料Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种钙钛矿Sr6‑2xNb2+2xO11+3x材料的制备方法。(1)将纯度均为99.9%(重量百分比)以上的SrCO3、Nb2O5粉末按Sr6‑2xNb2+2xO11+3x(0.103≤x≤0.333)的计量比组成称量配料;(2)将步骤1原料放入玛瑙研钵中加无水乙醇研磨,制得混合粉末;在60℃的干燥箱中干燥12小时;(3)预烧结,将步骤2制得的粉末在1000℃下预烧6小时后,对其进行二次研磨;(4)造粒及压片,将步骤3处理后的粉体加入3到4滴的聚乙烯醇水溶液,造粒,过80~120目筛,用粉末压片机压制成圆柱状坯件;(5)烧结,将压完片后的样品升温至1350℃,煅烧10小时,保温结束后让其自然冷却。本发明制备的陶瓷制备工艺简单,有良好的电导率、化学稳定性好,在燃料电池领域有着极大的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
发明属于无机材料与固体化学领域,具体涉及一种钙钛矿材料Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x的制备方法。
背景技术
由于日益增长的能源需求和环境的恶化,发展更清洁、更高效、可持续的能源,以应对全球变暖的环境威胁和矿物燃料储备的有限性,是世界面临的一项重大挑战。目前,正在开发的比较有前途的能源转换和存储装置主要是燃料电池和锂离子电池,这些能源系统的性能取决于其组成材料的性质,因此材料的创新与发展至关重要。固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)主要由离子导体电解质和发生电化学反应的两个电极(负极和正极)组成,开发中低温度离子导体电解质材料,并且提高其材料的化学稳定性,降低成本,提高耐用性。因此对材料的开发和选择仍是燃料电池得以广泛应用的关键所在。
对于具有ABO3-y型的缺氧型钙钛矿材料因其在固体氧化物燃料电池领域的潜在应用而受到广泛关注。铌酸锶基化合物在高温下主要是氧离子导电,在湿空气低温下是质子导电。基于此,本申请提出一种钙钛矿材料Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的所要解决的技术问题是提供一种良好的导电性能的铌酸锶基钙钛矿材料,以及该陶瓷材料的制备方法。
制备的陶瓷材料的组成通式为Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x,x的取值为(0.103≤x≤0.333)。
上述陶瓷材料的制备方法如下:
(1)称量,将SrCO3、Nb2O5粉末按照化学方程式严格计算配比,精准称量后,一般地,按制得约6g产物准备。
(2)混料,将原料混合均匀,放入玛瑙研钵中研磨,加入无水乙醇晾干后,加入少量粘结剂,使其充分混合、粉体细化,制得混合粉末。
(3)烘干,混合均匀过的样品放置在60℃或80℃的干燥箱中干燥12小时;
(4)预烧结,将干燥好的混合粉体置于氧化锆坩埚内,用玛瑙棒压实,使其致密化,加盖,在1000℃预烧6小时,自然冷却至室温后,得到预烧粉;
(5)二次研磨,将预烧粉放入玛瑙研钵,少量多次加入无水乙醇湿磨,使混料均匀;
(6)造粒及压片,对经过步骤(5)处理后的粉体加入质量分数为5%的聚乙烯醇水溶液,聚乙烯醇水溶液的加入量为预烧粉质量的40%~50%,造粒,过80~120目筛,用粉末压片机压制成圆柱状坯件;
(7)烧结,将步骤(6)压完片后的样品加热升温至1350℃,煅烧10小时,待其保温结束后直接在空气中冷却使其快速降温,即得到锶酸铌基材料。
本发明制备的钙钛矿材料制备方法简单,而且纯度高、化学稳定性好,具有良好的导电性能,其是一种性能优良的陶瓷材料。
附图说明
图1是实施例1制备的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.103)在干、湿气氛下的总电导率图。
图2是实施例2制备的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.185)在干、湿气氛下的总电导率图。
图3是实施例3制备的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.28)在干、湿气氛下的总电导率图。
图4是实施例4制备的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.333)在干、湿气氛下的总电导率图。
图5是干燥气氛下的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x总电导率图。
图6是湿润气氛下的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x总电导率图。
图7是实施例1制备的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.103)陶瓷材料在干燥氩气、湿润氩气气氛下550℃的复阻抗图。
图8是实施例1制备的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.103)陶瓷材料在湿润氩气气氛下700℃的复阻抗图。
图9是实施例1制备的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.103)陶瓷材料的XRD图。
具体实施方式
下面以具体实施例的方式做详细说明,实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1:
本实施例1设计生成6g的目标产物Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.103)材料。首先称量纯度为99.99%的SrCO3 5.7435g、99.99%的Nb2O5 1.9686g 原料粉末。将两者混合均匀,放入玛瑙研钵中研磨,加入无水乙醇晾干后,加入少量粘结剂,使其充分混合、粉体细化,制得混合粉末。将混料均匀过的样品放置在60℃或80℃的干燥箱中干燥12小时;然后将干燥好的混合粉体置于氧化锆坩埚内,玛瑙棒压实,使其致密化,加盖,在1000℃预烧6小时,自然冷却至室温后,得到预烧粉;将预烧粉放入玛瑙研钵,少量多次加入无水乙醇湿磨,使混料均匀;加入质量分数为5%的聚乙烯醇水溶液,聚乙烯醇水溶液的加入量为预烧粉质量的40%~50%,造粒,过80~120目筛,用粉末压片机压制成圆柱状坯件;将圆柱状样品加热升温至1350℃,煅烧10小时,待其保温结束后直接在空气中冷却使其快速降温,即得到Sr5.794Nb2.206O11.309陶瓷材料。对烧结后的陶瓷选取其中一个样品研磨成粉末,采用Panalytical X 'pert Pro X射线衍射仪进行XRD测试表征。对烧结完的陶瓷样品选取一个样品表面用320目的砂纸打磨,然后用800目的砂纸打磨,最后用1500目的砂纸和金刚砂抛光至1mm厚,用酒精擦拭干净。对抛光后的陶瓷片上下表面涂覆厚度为0 .02mm的银浆,置于电阻炉中750℃保温60分钟,来去除有机物,用于接下来的阻抗测试。利用Solartron 1260/1287以及Bio-Logic VSP仪器进行电化学阻抗(EIS)测试,测试频率在107 ~ 10-1 Hz或106~ 10-1Hz之间。测试温度范围在400℃ ~ 800℃之间,每50℃测试一次,进行阻抗测试之前,在每个温度下保温30分钟,以保持温度稳定。
图1给出的是x=0.103时的陶瓷材料在干燥、湿润环境下的总电导率对比图。图7是实施案例1制备的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.103)陶瓷材料在干燥氩气、湿润氩气气氛下550℃的复阻抗图。图8是实施案例1制备的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.103)陶瓷材料在湿润氩气气氛下700℃的复阻抗图。图9是实施案例1制备的Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.103)陶瓷材料的XRD谱图。
实施例2:
本实施例的配料中,本实施例2设计生成6g的目标产物Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.185)材料。首先称量纯度为99.99%的SrCO3 5.5511g、99.99%的Nb2O5 2.10373g原料粉末。其他步骤与实施例1相同,制备成Sr5.63Nb2.37O11.555 陶瓷材料。图2给出的x=0.185时的陶瓷材料在干燥、湿润环境下的总电导率对比图。
实施例3:
本实施例的配料中,本实施例3设计生成6g的目标产物Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.28)材料。首先称量纯度为99.99%的SrCO3 5.33075g、99.99%的Nb2O5 2.25839g原料粉末。其他步骤与实施例1相同,制备成Sr5.44Nb2.56O11.84 陶瓷材料。图3给出的x=0.28时的陶瓷材料在干燥、湿润环境下的总电导率对比图。
实施例4:
本实施例的配料中,本实施例4设计生成6g的目标产物Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x(x=0.333)材料。首先称量纯度为99.99%的SrCO3 5.20899 g、99.99%的Nb2O5 2.34385g原料粉末。其他步骤与实施例1相同,制备成Sr5.334Nb2.666O11.999 陶瓷材料。图4给出的x=0.333时的在干燥、湿润环境下的总电导率对比图。
Claims (6)
1.一种钙钛矿材料Sr6-2xNb2+2xO11+3x的制备方法,具体步骤为:
(1)称量,将SrCO3、Nb2O5粉末按照化学方程式严格计算配比,精准称量后,一般地,按制得约6g产物准备;
(2)混料,将原料混合均匀,放入玛瑙研钵中研磨,加入无水乙醇晾干后,加入少量粘结剂,使其充分混合、粉体细化,制得混合粉末;
(3)烘干,将混合均匀好的样品放置在60℃或80℃的干燥箱中干燥12小时;
(4)预烧结,将干燥好的混合粉体置于氧化锆坩埚内,玛瑙棒压实,使其致密化,加盖,在1000℃预烧6小时,自然冷却至室温后,得到预烧粉;
(5)二次研磨,将预烧粉放入玛瑙研钵,少量多次加入无水乙醇湿磨,使混料均匀;
(6)造粒及压片,对经过步骤(5)处理后的粉体加入质量分数为5%的聚乙烯醇水溶液,聚乙烯醇水溶液的加入量为预烧粉质量的40%~50%,造粒,过80~120目筛,用粉末压片机压制成圆柱状坯件;
(7)烧结,将步骤(6)压完片后的样品加热升温至1350℃,煅烧10小时,待其保温结束后直接在空气中冷却使其快速降温,即得到该材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述的研磨具体操作是将称好的样品倒入玛瑙研钵中,加入无水乙醇,加入量以刚好没过粉体为宜;手动研磨至研钵内乙醇挥发完全;重复上述操作三次,使其混合均匀。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述的粘结剂采用质量浓度为 5% 的聚乙烯醇溶液,聚乙烯醇的添加量占粉末总质量的 3%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述的研磨时间为30~40min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)所述升温为均匀升温。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)所述升温的升温速率为5℃/min。
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