CN116161973A - 一种脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料 - Google Patents
一种脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052849 andalusite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料，组成成分包括焦宝石、红柱石、矾土、白刚玉，所述红柱石中5～3mm、3～1mm的颗粒料为预烧后的红柱石颗粒料，预烧温度为1290℃～1350℃，预烧时间是2.5～4h。本发明适用钢水温度较广，可以较好的适应1260℃‑1420℃，在不改变喷枪结构的情况下，使脱硫喷枪的平均使用寿命提高10炉以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料领域，具体涉及铁水预处理时所用脱硫喷枪的耐火浇注料，特别涉及一种脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料。
背景技术
硫是钢水中的有害元素，其含量高低会直接影响钢材的使用性能。随着优质铁矿逐渐减少，铁矿石中硫含量逐渐升高，仅在转炉中进行脱硫处理已经无法满足钢厂较高的生产效率，在这种情况下炉外铁水预处理就显得尤为重要。目前主要的脱硫工艺有两种，一种是使用KR搅拌桨喷吹钙粉进行脱硫，另一种是复合喷吹镁粉、钙粉的脱硫喷枪进行脱硫。
脱硫喷枪是一种长径比极大的耐火浇注产品，其基本结构为核心喷吹管外套加固钢管，加固钢管外再浇注耐火浇注料。因脱硫喷枪料层较薄，而其内部金属结构件占比较大，且金属受热膨胀率远大于浇注料，脱硫喷枪使用中浸入高温铁水之中，金属结构件升温膨胀，使脱硫喷枪在使用中会产生大量横纵裂纹。脱硫过程中喷吹的脱硫剂与铁水反应剧烈，致使铁水在罐内发生强烈扰动，加强了铁水对耐材裂纹部位的冲刷损耗。同时因脱硫喷枪冷热交替的周期性作业环境，对耐材热震稳定性提出了极高的要求。红柱石莫来石化是一个过程反应，反应温度较为宽泛，大多反应温度起始于1200℃，随温度升高反应速率逐渐增大。对于钢水温度低，脱硫处理时间短的情况，红柱石尚未有多少形成莫来石，对于铁水温度高，脱硫时间长的情况，红柱石转化莫来石会带有约4％的体积膨胀，易使浇注料因体积体积膨胀较大导致结构疏松，产生裂纹。而相对于区分不同温度使用不同浇注料技术方案的情况，在部分钢厂并不适用，因钢水种类较杂，硫含量及脱硫目标值不同，进站铁水温度也会有较大差异。区分不同温度方案使用的脱硫喷枪需备多个工位，占用场地较大，大多数钢厂无法针对不同铁水准备多个工位组织生产。因此，研究如何提高脱硫喷枪浇注料抗热震性，降低浇注料产生裂纹数量，对提高脱硫喷枪使用寿命具有重要意义。
中国专利文件CN 106699208 B公开了一种“铁水脱硫喷枪用碳纤维增韧耐火浇注料及其制备方法”，针对于CN 106699208 B中所提铁水脱硫喷枪用碳纤维增韧耐火浇注料，虽添加了红柱石和莫来石，但其仍会面临红柱石在提水温度较低时转化速度慢，铁水温度高时线膨胀大以产生裂纹的问题。而CN 106699208 B中所加碳纤维可以起到增韧作用，但碳纤维分散好，在氧化后会在浇注料内不留下大量气孔，降低浇注料的抗侵蚀能力和抗剥落能力。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料，本发明适用钢水温度较广，可以较好的适应1260℃-1420℃，在不改变喷枪结构的情况下，使脱硫喷枪的平均使用寿命提高10炉以上。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案实现：
一种脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料，组成成分包括焦宝石、红柱石、矾土、白刚玉，所述红柱石中5～3mm、3～1mm的颗粒料为预烧后的红柱石颗粒料，预烧温度为1290℃～1350℃，预烧时间是2.5～4h。
组成成分按重量份数计为：焦宝石5～3mm 10～20份、85矾土3～1mm 1～5份、85矾土1～0mm 1～5份、电熔莫来石5～8mm 10～20份、电熔莫来石1～0mm 1～8份、电熔莫来石325目5～12份；红柱石5～3mm 5～15份、红柱石3～1mm 5～15份、红柱石1～0mm 5～15份、氧化铝微粉5～10份、微硅粉1～4份、98碳化硅1～0mm 1～5份、98碳化硅200目1～5份、不锈钢纤维1～3份、纯铝酸钙水泥1～5份、防爆纤维不大于1份、减水剂1不大于1份。
本发明使用的主要原料的工作原理如下：
焦宝石为轻质材料，可以降低耐火浇注料导热系数，减轻结构件因高温弯曲、膨胀的情况。矾土价格低廉，较莫来石质浇注料有价格优势，其杂质成分如TiO2，可以促进红柱石的莫来石反应速率。碳化硅具有良好的耐磨性能和热震稳定性，可以有效提高浇注料裂纹处的抗冲刷性能。不锈钢纤维可以作为耐火浇注料的骨架，显著提高浇注料的抗折、耐压性能。氧化铝微粉既可以有效填充耐火浇注料的颗粒间隙，提高施工性能，又可以与微硅粉及红柱石分解后的玻璃相发生二次莫来石化反应。
本发明所用的5～3mm、3～1mm的红柱石是在1290℃-1350℃下进行预烧过的颗粒料，部分红柱石会在预烧过程中分解，发生莫来石化反应，3(AL203·Si02)→3A1203·2Si0+Si02，而附于莫来石晶面或晶粒间的富硅玻璃相，在脱硫喷枪作业过程中会与氧化铝微粉及白刚玉细粉发生二次莫来石化反应，提高浇注料热震稳定性和结构强度。由于预烧阶段已经有部分红柱石发生莫来石化反应，浇注料的永久线变化率也会相应下降，降低浇注料高温产生裂纹的高铝。相对于在浇注料中直接添加未经处理的红柱石，当铁水温度在1280℃-1330℃之间时，浇注料内部的红柱石仅有接近表层部位刚刚开始分解，脱硫作业时间一般在7-15分钟以内，此时红柱石转化为莫来石的速率非常低，浇注料随烧结过程而致密化占主导，降低了整体的热震稳定性。当铁水温度在1380℃-1410℃之间时，浇注料内部的红柱石在高温下快速分解转化为莫来石，大量富硅玻璃相参与二次莫来石化反应，使浇注料产生较大体积膨胀，降低自身强度，使表面更易产生裂纹。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：。
1)本发明的技术方案可以适用更宽泛的作业温度，及更长周期的交替性生产节奏，有利于钢厂组织生产，提高生产效率。
2)本发明中的耐火浇注料热震稳定性更高，降低了浇注料的线变化率，有利于提高产品使用寿命。
3)莫来石本身具有较好的热震稳定性，但同时体积稳定性也较好，仅加入莫来石无法有效提高浇注料整体的热震稳定性，因基质部分热振较差。而加入红柱石，首先可以反应生成莫来石，抗侵蚀，又稳定。红柱石转化为莫来石的起始温度在1200℃，但1200℃反应速度非常缓慢，低温钢水无法使其有效转化，但温度超过1350℃以后转化速率会明显提高，转化太多体积膨胀就大，容易是浇注料产生裂纹。所以本发明提出先预烧红柱石，使其低温阶段更易反应，而高温阶段永久线变化率会有所降低(因预烧阶段有一部分红柱石已经反应完了)。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明：
实施例1：
脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料的组分及配比如下：
电熔莫来石(5～8mm)20份、(1～0mm)5份、(325目)11份；
焦宝石(5～3mm)10份；
红柱石(5～3mm)8份、(3～1mm)10份、(1～0mm)10份；
85矾土(3～1mm)3份、(1～0mm)2份；
98碳化硅(1～0mm)2份、(200目)2份；
氧化铝微粉6.7份、微硅粉3份、减水剂0.2份、防爆纤维0.1份、纯铝酸钙水泥5份、不锈钢纤维2份。
上述原料中的红柱石(5～3mm)8份、(3～1mm)10份经过1290℃～1350℃，预烧2.5～4h后，作为原料加入。
浇注制备的脱硫喷枪在炼钢厂应用，其铁水进站温度范围较广，温度基本在1280℃～1410℃，脱硫时间在7～35分钟。在不调整脱硫喷枪结构和其他生产与应用条件的情况下，本发明浇注的脱硫喷枪对比调整前实际应用的平均枪龄由19.65炉，提高到平均35炉。
实施例2：
脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料的组分及配比如下：
电熔莫来石(5～8mm)15份、(1～0mm)5份、(325目)8.7份；
焦宝石(5～3mm)16份；
红柱石(5～3mm)12份、(3～1mm)6份、(1～0mm)7份；
85矾土(3～1mm)5份、(1～0mm)2份；
98碳化硅(1～0mm)2份、(200目)2份；
氧化铝微粉8份、微硅粉3份、减水剂0.2份、防爆纤维0.1份、纯铝酸钙水泥5份、不锈钢纤维2份。
上述原料中的红柱石(5～3mm)12份、(3～1mm)6份经过1290℃～1350℃，预烧2.5～4h后，作为原料加入。
浇注制备的脱硫喷枪在炼钢厂应用，其铁水进站温度范围同样较广，最低在1280℃，最高达到1420℃，但大部分铁水温度集中在1340℃～1360℃，脱硫时间平均在12分钟左右。在不调整脱硫喷枪结构和其他生产与应用条件的情况下，本发明浇注的脱硫喷枪对比调整前实际应用的平均枪龄由34炉，提高到平均60炉。
实施例3：
脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料的组分及配比如下：
电熔莫来石(5～8mm)10份、(1～0mm)5份、(325目)9.7份；
焦宝石(5～3mm)19份；
红柱石(5～3mm)10份、(3～1mm)7份、(1～0mm)7份；
85矾土(3～1mm)5份、(1～0mm)5份；
98SiC(1～0mm)2份、(200目)2份；
氧化铝微粉8份、微硅粉3份、减水剂0.2份、防爆纤维0.1份、纯铝酸钙水泥5份、不锈钢纤维2份。
上述原料中的红柱石(5～3mm)10份、(3～1mm)7份经过1290℃～1350℃，预烧2.5～4h后，作为原料加入。
浇注制备的脱硫喷枪在炼钢厂应用，其铁水进站温度与实施例1中相近，处理率较低，处理时间相对较短，提高焦宝石与矾土加入量以降低成本。在不调整脱硫喷枪结构和其他生产与应用条件的情况下，本发明浇注的脱硫喷枪对比调整前实际应用的平均枪龄由37炉，提高到平均50炉。
Claims (2)
1.一种脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料，组成成分包括焦宝石、红柱石、矾土、白刚玉，其特征在于，所述红柱石中5～3mm、3～1mm的颗粒料为预烧后的红柱石颗粒料，预烧温度为1290℃～1350℃，预烧时间是2.5～4h。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种脱硫喷枪用耐火浇注料，其特征在于，组成成分按重量份数计为：焦宝石5～3mm 10～20份、85矾土3～1mm 1～5份、85矾土1～0mm 1～5份、电熔莫来石5～8mm 10～20份、电熔莫来石1～0mm 1～8份、电熔莫来石325目5～10份；红柱石5～3mm5～15份、红柱石3～1mm 5～15份、红柱石1～0mm 5～15份、氧化铝微粉5～10份、微硅粉1～4份、98碳化硅1～0mm 1～5份、98碳化硅200目1～5份、不锈钢纤维1～3份、纯铝酸钙水泥1～5份、防爆纤维不大于1份、减水剂1不大于1份。
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