CN116143682B - 基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
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- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
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- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂及其制备方法和应用,具体限定了该基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂的结构式,并提供了相应的制备方法,且可以在光声、光热、荧光成像和光动力治疗中的应用。本发明的造影剂具有荧光量子产率高和光稳定性好的特点,有效解决了现有呫吨骨架其本身发光波长较短而不适用于更复杂的生物医学成像环境、其他商用近红外二区荧光染料量子产率低和光稳定性差等问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于近红外二区荧光/光声/光热成像及治疗技术领域,具体涉及一种基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
癌症已成为目前对人类健康最大的威胁之一,针对病变组织的早期和准确诊断可以有效地改善癌症治疗和降低死亡率。在过去几十年间,得益于科学技术的发展,各种成像技术得到长足发展,如MRI、PET和光学成像。在众多成像手段中,荧光和光声成像由于成本低、操作简单、较高的时空分辨率等优点被广泛应用于疾病诊断、手术导航、药物递送等生物医学领域。然而,与传统的荧光染料相比,近红外II区(NIR-II,1000-1700nm)荧光成像相对于NIR-I区(650-950nm)以及紫外可见光区(400-700nm)波段的荧光成像具有光散射小、组织吸收低、自荧光低、组织穿透深度深和较高的信号背景比(single background ratio,SBR)等诸多优势。因此,开发对病变组织具有较高选择性、高响应性以及高稳定性的近红外II区荧光及光声成像光敏剂对相关肿瘤,病变区域进行实时成像甚至对手术区域进行实时导航具有非常重要的意义。
呫吨母核由于具有较大的刚性平面使其具有优异的光物理性质,包括荧光量子产率高、较大的摩尔消光系数以及光稳定性好等。因此,目前已围绕该类结构开发出许许多多具有优良性质的荧光染料并应用于生物医学成像等领域。值得注意的是,在这些研究中该类荧光团的发射波长几乎都处于紫外可见光区以及近红外I区,且其斯托克斯位移较小并且吸收波长均小于700nm从而导致该类分子的成像深度受到严重限制并且不适用于光声成像领域。此外,其他近红外II区也存在斯托克斯位移小、光稳定性差以及亮度低等一系列问题。因此,开发一种具有合成方法简单、光稳定性优异且具有光声成像的染料具有重要意义。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明提供一种基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂及其制备方法和应用,具有荧光量子产率高和光稳定性好的特点,有效解决了现有呫吨骨架其本身发光波长较短而不适用于更复杂的生物医学成像环境、其他商用近红外二区荧光染料量子产率低和光稳定性差等问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:提供一种基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂,其结构式为:
其中,R1为具有强吸电子效应的电子受体;R2为具有给电子效应的芳环;
R3为F、Cl、Br、I、烷胺、烷氧基或烷巯基;X为可取代的杂原子Si、O或S;n为1或2。
进一步,R1为苯并吲哚盐。
进一步,R1为及其衍生物中的一种,n为1-5。
进一步,R2为中的其中一种,R4为C1-C5烷基链,n为0、1、2或3。
上述基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将苯并吲哚和磺酸内酯在无溶剂条件下加热反应,冷却至室温,得中间体一;
(2)将环己酮/环戊酮加入Vilsmeier-Haack甲酰化试剂中,加热反应后加入苯胺的乙醇溶液(v/v=1:4,63mL),反应1h后再加入12mol/L的浓盐酸溶液(100mL),经过夜重结晶、抽滤和洗涤,得中间体二;
(3)将步骤(1)所得中间体一和步骤(2)所得中间体二加入有机溶剂中在70-120℃温度下搅拌,然后加入醋酸钠在50-100℃温度下加热2-6h,得中间体三;
(4)将步骤(3)所得中间体三和呫吨原料加入有机溶剂中搅拌,然后加入醋酸钠反应,得基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂。
进一步,步骤(1)中,苯并吲哚和磺酸内酯摩尔比为1:0.8-1.2,在100-140℃温度下反应。
进一步,步骤(2)中,加热至50-100℃反应0.5-2h,环己酮/环戊酮、Vilsmeier-Haack甲酰化试剂和苯胺摩尔比为1:1.5-3:2,苯胺的乙醇溶液中,苯胺和乙醇体积比为1:4。
进一步,苯胺的乙醇溶液和浓盐酸体积比为63:100。
进一步,环己酮/环戊酮、Vilsmeier-Haack甲酰化试剂和苯胺摩尔比为1:2:2。
进一步,步骤(3)中,中间体一、中间体二和醋酸钠摩尔比为1:1:1.2。
进一步,中间体一和中间体二摩尔比1:1。
进一步,步骤(4)中,中间体三、呫吨原料和醋酸钠摩尔比为1:1:2,在80-160℃温度下反应0.1-1h。
进一步,中间体三和呫吨原料摩尔比为1:1。
上述基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂在光声、光热、荧光成像和光动力治疗中的应用。
综上所述,本发明具备以下优点:
1、本发明所制得的近红外II区造影剂具有较长的荧光发射(>1000nm)以及较大的斯托克斯位移(>200nm),可以有效地避免背景光谱串扰;该骨架还具有较高的光稳定性,因此具有长时成像的潜力;对于该化合物具有近红外吸收的特性,因此能用于光热及光声成像以及光疗性质。该类骨架的开发解决现有呫吨骨架的吸收及发射较短,近红外II区骨架光稳定性及量子产率较低,集诊疗一体化于单分子体系少等问题。
2、本发明以具有较大刚性共轭平面、强供吸电子能力的呫吨骨架作为调控单元,可以有效降低化合物的HOMO-LUMO能级且刚性共轭平面使得该类结构在有机溶剂中表现出较好的NIR-II荧光发射从而达到较高量子产率的效果。
3、本发明以呫吨及吲哚菁绿(ICG)作为基本骨架,通过对呫吨部分的进行合理设计,得到基于呫吨骨架的近红外造影剂,由于该类造影剂其吸收波长在680-980nm处具有良好的吸收表现,因此具有光声/光热成像及治疗的潜力。与此同时,超过1000nm荧光发射也使得该化合物在近红外二区成像及诊断领域具有很大的潜力。此外,超高的光稳定性及较低的细胞毒性决定了该探针可用于长时成像。因此,基于本发明的所制备的实施例具有良好的光稳定性、NIR-II发射(>1000nm)、斯托克斯位移大(>200nm)、可用于多模成像及治疗等优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明制备方法的合成路线图;
图2为实施例1所得产物的氢谱图;
图3为实施例1所得产物的碳谱图;
图4为实施例2所得产物的氢谱图;
图5为实施例2所得产物的碳谱图;
图6为实施例3所得产物的氢谱图;
图7为实施例3所得产物的碳谱图;
图8为实施例4所得产物的氢谱图;
图9为实施例4所得产物的碳谱图;
图10为实施例1所得产物在DCE溶液中的紫外吸收光谱;
图11为实施例2所得产物在DCE溶液中的紫外吸收光谱;
图12为实施例3所得产物在DCE溶液中的紫外吸收光谱;
图13为实施例4所得产物在DCE溶液中的紫外吸收光谱;
图14为实施例1所得产物在DCE溶液中的荧光发射光谱;
图15为实施例2所得产物在DCE溶液中的荧光发射光谱;
图16为实施例3所得产物在DCE溶液中的荧光发射光谱;
图17为实施例4所得产物在DCE溶液中的荧光发射光谱;
图18为实施例1-4所得产物的CCK-8细胞毒性实验;
图19为实施例1-4所得产物的热成像实验;
图20为实施例3所得产物在琼脂仿体中的光声成像实验结果示意图;
图21为实施例3所得产物在琼脂仿体中的光声成像实验结果柱状体。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例中,苯并吲哚、环己酮/环戊酮、各类溶剂、催化剂以及碱均购于阿拉丁科技有限公司,细胞株购于ATCC(American Type Culture Collection),10%胎牛血清(FBS)购于Hyclone,DMEM培养基购于美国Gibco。
实施例1
一种基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)合成中间体一:4-(1,1,2-三甲基-1H-苯并[e]吲哚-3-基)丁磺酸盐;
为化合物一,产物为化合物二;合成路线如下:
1,1,2-三甲基-1h–苯并[e]吲哚(26.1g,125mmol)与1,4-丁磺酸内脂(17.0g,125mmol)在120℃下反应4小时,然后冷却至室温;收集反应产物后,再溶于100mL甲醇中;加入乙酸乙酯(400mL)。-20℃保存24小时后,过滤收集紫色产品。粗产品分别用乙酸乙酯和乙醚各洗涤2次得到收集中间体一(21.1g,收率49%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ8.32(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),8.23(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),8.07(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.80(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.71(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),4.71-4.62(m,2H),3.31(s,1H),2.91(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),2.26-2.14(m,2H),2.04-1.93(m,2H),1.83(s,6H).13C NMR(101MHz,CD3OD)δ196.4,138.5,137.2,133.8,131.0,129.6,128.2,127.7,127.2,123.0,112.5,55.9,49.8,47.6,26.2,21.8,20.9.
(2)合成中间体二:2-氯-3-((苯氨基)亚甲基)环己烯基)亚甲基)苯胺盐酸盐;
原料为化合物三,产物为化合物四;合成路线如下:
将三氯氧磷(26.0g,15.8mL,170.0mmol)溶于DMF(18.0mL,237.0mmol),在0℃下反应30min,制备维斯麦尔试剂;然后将环己酮(6.6g,7.0mL,67.8mmol)缓慢滴加到反应混合物中,在100℃下反应1小时;将苯胺(12.6g,12.4mL,136.0mmol)用乙醇稀释成50mL的苯胺乙醇溶液后再缓慢滴加入反应体系中;然后在室温下继续反应1小时后,往体系中加入6N的盐酸溶液后,于4℃下过夜重结晶。然后抽滤除去溶剂,分别用冷水和冷乙醚洗涤两次得粗产品。粗产物溶于甲醇中后,加入500mL正己烷/叔丁基甲基醚(v/v=1/1),室温下沉淀4小时。过滤收集重结晶后的产物,用正己烷/叔丁基甲基醚(v/v=1/1)洗涤3次。收集中间体二(12.0g,收率51%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ8.67(s,2H),7.52-7.45(m,8H),7.30(m,2H),3.31(d,J=0.9Hz,2H),2.73(t,J=6.1Hz,4H),2.03-1.96(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,CD3OD)δ157.5,149.0,139.2,129.8,129.7,126.5,122.5,118.4,114.9,110.0,24.1,19.6.
(3)合成中间体三:2-氯-3-((苯氨基)亚甲基)环己烯基)乙烯基)-1,1-二甲基-1H-苯并[e]吲哚基)丁磺酸盐;
原料分别为化合物二和化合物四,产物为化合物五;合成路线如下:
将中间体一(1.4g,4mmol)、中间体二(2.1g,6mmol)和醋酸钠(0.33g,4mmol)溶于100mL乙醇中,在80℃ N2保护下充分反应;待中间体一完全反应,混合物冷却至室温,减压除去溶剂得粗产品。粗产品经柱层析后得纯产品(1.8g,收率78%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.54(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),8.37(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),8.15(dd,J=17.7,8.4Hz,3H),7.98(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.73-7.67(m,1H),7.64-7.57(m,1H),7.41(d,J=4.2Hz,3H),7.15(dt,J=8.3,4.2Hz,1H),6.67(d,J=15.1Hz,1H),4.52(s,2H),3.41(s,2H),3.16(s,1H),2.77(t,J=6.4Hz,2H),2.73-2.65(m,2H),2.54(s,2H),1.97-1.85(m,8H),1.83-1.74(m,2H).HRMS(ESI)calculated for C33H35ClN2O3S(M++H+)575.2130,observed 575.2126.
(4)合成基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂ICR-Me;
原料分别为化合物六和化合物五,产物为化合物ICR-Me;合成路线如下:
将化合物六与化合物五(57.5mg,0.1mmol)和醋酸钠(8mg,0.1mmol)溶于Ac2O(1mL)中,将混合物加热至140℃,在N2气氛中搅拌2h;然后将混合物冷却至室温,减压蒸发混合物,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤残渣,并加入1:1的水。水层用CH2Cl2(3×20mL)提取,有机层用MgSO4干燥,混合物过滤后减压除去溶剂,用DCM:MeOH(v/v=20:1)洗脱硅胶层析,得到纯化产物(17mg,收率21%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.69(d,J=15.3Hz,1H),8.14(t,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.07(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.02(dd,J=9.9,5.9Hz,1H),7.84-7.79(m,1H),7.68(dd,J=11.5,7.7Hz,1H),7.59(dd,J=13.6,6.6Hz,1H),7.52(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.45(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.24-7.15(m,1H),7.07(d,J=15.3Hz,1H),6.96-6.93(m,2H),6.91-6.86(m,1H),6.80-6.73(m,2H),4.76(t,J=14.9Hz,2H),3.10(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),3.05(t,J=8.5Hz,12H),2.95-2.74(m,6H),2.29-2.14(m,4H),2.07(s,3H),2.00(s,3H),1.92(s,3H),0.45(d,J=3.2Hz,6H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ180.2,179.5,174.2,168.1,157.9,152.0,151.6,149.4,149.3,148.5,145.7,138.8,138.5,138.4,137.54,137.1,136.6,134.6,133.4,133.3,133.2,131.9,131.8,130.4,129.7 129.1,128.3,127.4,127.3,126.9,126.8,122.9,122.4,122.4,122.3,115.9,115.8,112.8,112.6,112.3,112.2,110.0,109.0,53.5,53.0,52.7,49.7,46.9,40.5,40.4,40.4,27.4,27.3,27.0,24.4,22.6,22.6,21.3,20.9,20.9,20.7,-2.6.HRMS(ESI)calculated for C47H55ClN3O3SSi(M+)804.3416,observed804.3418.
本实施例制得的基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂ICR-Me的氢谱和碳谱分别如图2和图3所示。
实施例2
一种基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤(1)-(3)如实施例1所示,(4)合成基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂ICR-In;
原料分别为化合物七和化合物五,产物为化合物ICR-In;合成路线如下:
将化合物七与化合物五(57.5mg,0.1mmol)和醋酸钠(8mg,0.1mmol)溶于Ac2O(1mL)中,将混合物加热至140℃,在N2气氛中搅拌2h;然后将混合物冷却至室温,减压蒸发混合物,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤残渣,并加入1:1的水。水层用CH2Cl2(3×20mL)提取,有机层用MgSO4干燥,混合物过滤后减压除去溶剂,用DCM:MeOH(v/v=20:1)洗脱硅胶层析,得到纯化产物(22mg,收率25%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.63(d,J=15.3Hz,1H),8.09(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),8.03(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.81(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=12.1Hz,1H),7.62(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.31(s,1H),7.22(d,J=4.7Hz,1H),7.05-6.98(m,1H),6.85(d,J=12.2Hz,1H),6.65(d,J=4.1Hz,2H),4.76(s,2H),3.38-3.33(m,2H),3.08(d,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.97(q,J=10.5,9.4Hz,4H),2.88(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),2.82(d,J=5.8Hz,4H),2.75(s,4H),1.94(s,6H),1.84(s,3H),1.24(d,J=4.8Hz,6H),0.85(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),0.40(s,6H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ180.2,152.9,152.5,149.3,148.2,138.6,138.5,137.5,135.4,133.4,133.3,133.2,131.9,131.5,130.4,128.2,126.9,125.0,123.0,122.3,112.3,110.2,109.9,55.7,55.6,53.0,49.8,46.9,35.7,35.6,31.9,31.6,29.7,29.6,29.6,28.5,27.4,27.3,27.2,27.1,26.8,22.7,22.5,20.9,-2.6.HRMS(ESI)calculated for C51H59ClN3O3SSi(M+)828.3416,observed828.3414.
本实施例制得的基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂ICR-In的氢谱和碳谱分别如图4和图5所示。
实施例3
一种基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤(1)-(3)如实施例1所示,(4)合成基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂ICR-Qu;
原料分别为化合物八和化合物五,产物为化合物ICR-Qu;合成路线如下:
将化合物八与化合物五(57.5mg,0.1mmol)和醋酸钠(8mg,0.1mmol)溶于Ac2O(1mL)中,将混合物加热至140℃,在N2气氛中搅拌2h;然后将混合物冷却至室温,减压蒸发混合物,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤残渣,并加入1:1的水。水层用CH2Cl2(3×20mL)提取,有机层用MgSO4干燥,混合物过滤后减压除去溶剂,用DCM:MeOH(v/v=20:1)洗脱硅胶层析,得到纯化产物(29mg,收率29%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.65(d,J=15.3Hz,1H),8.14–8.08(m,1H),8.05(t,J=4.4Hz,1H),7.97(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),7.80(dd,J=10.9,8.9Hz,1H),7.67-7.61(m,1H),7.57(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.30(s,1H),7.22(s,1H),7.19-7.14(m,1H),7.02(d,J=15.3Hz,1H),6.88(d,J=12.2Hz,1H),6.69(d,J=5.4Hz,2H),5.35-5.32(m,2H),4.75(dd,J=17.2,8.0Hz,2H),3.07-3.04(m,2H),2.90-2.87(m,6H),2.84-2.74(m,4H),2.17(dd,J=12.9,5.9Hz,4H),2.05-2.00(m,8H),1.97(s,4H),1.88(s,3H),1.33(d,J=2.7Hz,12H),1.23(d,J=1.5Hz,2H),0.41(d,J=3.6Hz,6H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ178.0,179.3,168.2,157.9,152.9,149.3,145.6,144.4,144.3,138.9,136.5,134.8,133.5,133.3,133.1,131.9,131.8,130.5,130.4,129.0,128.3,128.2,127.9,127.7,126.8,126.8,123.5,123.1,123.0,122.4,122.3,122.2,122.1,114.0,113.9,112.3,112.2,109.8,108.6,56.8,56.6,52.9,52.6,49.7,46.9,30.8,29.7,27.9,27.5,27.4,27.2,27.0,26.9,25.4,24.4,22.7,22.6,21.0,20.9,20.4,18.8,18.6,-2.5.HRMS(ESI)calculatedfor C57H67ClN3O3SSi(M+)936.4355,observed 936.4358.
本实施例制得的基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂ICR-Qu的氢谱和碳谱分别如图6和图7所示。
实施例4
一种基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤(1)-(3)如实施例1所示,(4)合成基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂ICR-Py;
原料分别为化合物九和化合物五,产物为化合物ICR-Py;合成路线如下:
将化合物九与化合物五(57.5mg,0.1mmol)和醋酸钠(8mg,0.1mmol)溶于Ac2O(1mL)中,将混合物加热至140℃,在N2气氛中搅拌2h;然后将混合物冷却至室温,减压蒸发混合物,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤残渣,并加入1:1的水。水层用CH2Cl2(3×20mL)提取,有机层用MgSO4干燥,混合物过滤后减压除去溶剂,用DCM:MeOH(v/v=20:1)洗脱硅胶层析,得到纯化产物(30mg,收率33%)。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.66(d,J=15.3Hz,1H),8.15-8.10(m,1H),8.05(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.99(dd,J=8.7,3.6Hz,1H),7.86-7.78(m,1H),7.75(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.65(q,J=6.3,5.4Hz,1H),7.57(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.43(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.22-7.16(m,1H),7.06-7.00(m,1H),6.91(d,J=12.3Hz,1H),6.77(t,J=2.7Hz,1H),6.62-6.55(m,2H),4.77-4.68(m,2H),3.36(d,J=6.5Hz,6H),3.05(d,J=6.2Hz,2H),2.93-2.84(m,2H),2.79(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.22(s,2H),2.14(s,2H),2.03(s,8H),1.97(s,5H),1.89(s,2H),1.25(s,2H),1.22(d,J=6.3Hz,6H),0.42(d,J=3.3Hz,6H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ153.3,149.2,146.8,139.9,136.9,133.2,132.9,132.7,131.8,130.4,130.0,128.2,127.5,126.8,122.6,122.3,122.1,115.4,115.3,112.3,112.0,109.4,52.8,47.6,31.6,29.7,29.6,29.6,27.5,25.5,25.5,22.7,-2.6.HRMS(ESI)calculated for C51H59ClN3O3SSi(M+)856.3729,observed 856.3724.
本实施例制得的基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂ICR-Py氢谱和碳谱分别如图8和图9所示。
实验例1紫外吸收光谱
将实施例1-4制得的基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂分别配制成浓度为10mM的二氯乙烷(DCE)母液,把母液分别稀释成浓度为1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10μM的DCE溶液,分别扫描其紫外吸收值并绘制吸收曲线,其结果分别如图10-13所示。由图10-13可知,实施例1-4所得基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂均有类似的吸收峰且均位于近红外区。
实验例2荧光光谱
将将实施例1-4制得的基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂分别配制成浓度为10mM的二氯乙烷(DCE)母液,随后分别稀释成浓度为10μM的PBS溶液,并测定其荧光光谱,得到荧光发射曲线,其结果分别如图14-17所示。由图14-17可知,在DCE的溶液中,待测物实施例1-4的最大发射波长发生了明显的红移,到了近红外II区发射区域。
实验例3
处于对数生长期的4T1细胞接种于96孔板中,每孔接种约10000个细胞,用含10%胎牛血清(FBS)、1%双抗的(青霉素-链霉素,1000KU/L)的1640培养基在37℃和5% CO2条件下培养24小时。待细胞完全贴壁,加入不同浓度梯度的实施例1-4制得试剂,每个浓度设3个复孔,同时设空白对照组。加染色试剂后继续培养24小时,用CCK-8毒性试剂盒检测细胞的存活率,结果如图18所示。由图18可知,在40μM的高浓度下,实施例1和3对4T1细胞都有较高细胞毒性;实施例2和4的细胞存活率在90%左右。
实验例4体外热成像
将将实施例1-4制得的基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂分别配制成浓度为10mM的二氯乙烷(DCE)母液,随后分别稀释成10μM的1mL的PBS溶液,然后在808nm,1W/cm2功率下照射一定时间后记录化合物的升温曲线,结果如图19所示。由图19可知,本申请的实施例具有较大的刚性平面以及较多可转动的转子,因此具有较好的热成像效果。
实验例5体外光声成像
将实施例3所得基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂分别配置成5、10、15和20μM的PBS溶液备用,然后用琼脂加热至溶化后制备琼脂仿体待测。将制备好的PBS溶液分别加入到制备好的琼脂仿体中,用680-980nm的激发光对该样品进行持续扫描后得到浓度与光声强度对应的图片如图20-21所示。由图20-21可知,本发明所得基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂有很好的光声成像潜力,为后续的活体成像奠定了实验基础。
综上所述,本发明基于呫吨骨架的合理设计,通过合理的推拉电子以及扩大共轭面等调控设计,得到了基于呫吨骨架具有多模成像的近红外II区荧光、光声以及光热试剂。该试剂具有近红外II发射以及较大斯托克斯位移的特性,使其具有背景荧光低,成像信噪比高的表现。此外,还具有较高的光稳定性以及光声光热特性。因此,本发明具有制备方法简单、收率高,制得的试剂斯托克斯位移大、稳定性好以及用途广等特点。
虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了详细地描述,但不应理解为对本专利的保护范围的限定。在权利要求书所描述的范围内,本领域技术人员不经创造性劳动即可作出的各种修改和变形仍属本专利的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂,其特征在于,其结构式为:
、/>、或/>。
2.权利要求1所述的基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂的制备方法,其特征在于,其合成路线为:
。
3.权利要求1所述的基于呫吨骨架的近红外二区造影剂在光声、光热、荧光成像中的应用。
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