CN116121441B - 一种同时检测9种呼吸道病原菌的多重rt-pcr方法及试剂盒和应用 - Google Patents

一种同时检测9种呼吸道病原菌的多重rt-pcr方法及试剂盒和应用 Download PDF

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CN116121441B
CN116121441B CN202310065883.3A CN202310065883A CN116121441B CN 116121441 B CN116121441 B CN 116121441B CN 202310065883 A CN202310065883 A CN 202310065883A CN 116121441 B CN116121441 B CN 116121441B
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董晓艳
熊永清
张浩淼
王洪
王莹
梁宁孝
高凡
戴海峰
甄博文
闫泉
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Aike Ruite Biomedical Technology Nanjing Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种同时检测9种呼吸道病原菌的多重RT‑PCR方法及试剂盒和应用,该实时荧光定量PCR检测试剂盒包括PCR引物探针,所述PCR引物探针包括分别针对白假丝酵母菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎链球菌、娄肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针;其序列分别如SEQ ID NO.1~SEQ ID NO.27所示,本发明能够同时对9种呼吸道病原菌进行快速检测和筛查,且具有较高的灵敏度。

Description

一种同时检测9种呼吸道病原菌的多重RT-PCR方法及试剂盒 和应用
技术领域
本发明属于于生物检测技术领域,具体涉及一种检测9种呼吸道病原菌的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法及试剂盒和应用。
背景技术
呼吸道感染是世界范围的常见病,也是全球范围内引起人群发病和死亡的最主要原因之一。主要是由呼吸道病毒及一些细菌,支原体,衣原体等引起。通常会引起婴幼儿,老人及免疫受损病人严重的上下呼吸道感染,导致哮喘,细支气管炎,肺炎等,而且极易引起流行或爆发,具有很高的发病率和死亡率。其临床表现相似,这给及时、准确地诊断呼吸道传染病带来很大的挑战。
呼吸道感染分为上呼吸道感染与下呼吸道感染,其中有20%~30%的上呼吸道感染为细菌引起,可单纯发生或继发于病毒感染后发生,多见口腔定植菌溶血性链球。其次,为流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌和葡萄球菌等,偶见革兰氏阴性杆菌。急性下呼吸道感染:急性气管支气管炎、细支气管炎、肺炎,其中肺炎是5岁以下儿童死亡的最主要原因。
PCR技术的基本原理类似于DNA的天然复制过程,其特异性依赖于与靶序列两端互补的寡核苷酸引物,PCR由变性-退火-延伸三个基本反应步骤构成:①模板DNA的变性:模板DNA经加热至93℃左右一定时间后,使模板DNA双链或经PCR扩增形成的双链DNA解离,使之成为单链,以便它与引物结合,为下轮反应作准备;②模板DNA与引物的退火(复性):模板DNA经加热变性成单链后,温度降至55℃左右,引物与模板DNA单链的互补序列配对结合;③引物的延伸:DNA模板-引物结合物在72℃、DNA聚合酶(如TaqDNA聚合酶)的作用下,以dNTP为反应原料,靶序列为模板,按碱基互补配对与半保留复制原理,合成一条新的与模板DNA链互补的半保留复制链,重复循环变性-退火-延伸三过程就可获得更多的“半保留复制链”,而且这种新链又可成为下次循环的模板。每完成一个循环需2~4分钟,2~3小时就能将待扩目的基因扩增放大几百万倍。因此,相比于传统的检测手段荧光定量PCR技术具有灵敏性高,特异性高的优点。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明公开了一种同时检测9种呼吸道病原菌的多重RT-PCR方法及试剂盒,其能够同时对9种呼吸道病原菌进行快速检测,具有较高的灵敏度。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种同时检测9种呼吸道病原菌的多重RT-PCR方法及试剂盒,包括试剂盒、PCR引物探针和将待测样本加入到含有PCR引物探针缓冲液的PCR反应体系中进行实时荧光定量PCR反应的步骤,
所述试剂盒包括PCR引物探针缓冲液、Taq酶,
所述缓冲液和所述PCR引物探针缓冲液具体成分还包括:150mM Tris-Hcl,30mMKcl,10mM Mgcl2,35mM硫酸铵,400μM dNTP,2mM DTT,3% DMSO,0.02%吐温20,余量为无核酸酶水。
上述缓冲液配置方法为,根据配置总量将各组分按比例称量好后,全部溶解混匀后即配置完成,Taq酶单独分装。
所述PCR引物探针缓冲液包括白假丝酵母菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物、检测探针;
鲍曼不动杆菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物、检测探针;
大肠埃希菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物、检测探针;
肺炎克雷伯菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物、检测探针;
肺炎链球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物、检测探针;
娄肠球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物、检测探针;
金黄色葡萄球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物、检测探针;
凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物、检测探针;
铜绿假单胞菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物、检测探针;
人DNA内参的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物、检测探针;
所述PCR引物探针包括管1试剂、管2试剂、管3试剂中的任意一种或多种,所述管1试剂、管2试剂、管3试剂均包括PCR引物探针缓冲液、病原体引物探针、人DNA内参引物探针中的任意一种或多种。
进一步地,所述白假丝酵母菌的所述正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列分别如SEQ ID NO.1~SEQ ID NO.3所示;所述鲍曼不动杆菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列分别如SEQ ID NO.4~SEQ ID NO.6所示;所述大肠埃希菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列分别如SEQ ID NO.7~SEQID NO.9所示;所述肺炎克雷伯菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列分别如SEQ ID NO.10~SEQ ID NO.12所示;所述肺炎链球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列分别如SEQ ID NO.13~SEQ ID NO.15所示;所述娄肠球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列分别如SEQ ID NO.16~SEQ ID NO.18所示;所述金黄色葡萄球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列分别如SEQ ID NO.19~SEQ ID NO.21所示;所述凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列分别如SEQ ID NO.22~24所示;所述铜绿假单胞菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列分别如SEQ ID NO.25~SEQ ID NO.27所示。
进一步地,所述PCR引物探针还包括针对人DNA内参的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针,所述人DNA内参的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列分别如SEQ ID NO.28~SEQ ID NO.30所示,采用人DNA完整性的对照内参,确保在检测过程中对样品质量的判断,避免假阴性。
进一步地,所述白假丝酵母菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有FAM发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1 ;所述鲍曼不动杆菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有ROX发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ2 ;所述大肠埃希菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有VIC发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1;所述肺炎克雷伯菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有FAM发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1 ;所述肺炎链球菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有ROX发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ2;所述娄肠球菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有VIC发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1;所述金黄色葡萄球菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有FAM发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1 ;所述凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有ROX发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ2 ;所述铜绿假单胞菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有VIC发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1。
进一步地,所述管1试剂包括白假丝酵母菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌中的任意一种或多种,所述管2试剂包括肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎链球菌、娄肠球菌中的任意一种或多种,所述管3试剂包括金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌中的任意一种或多种。
进一步地,所述管1试剂、所述管2试剂、所述管3试剂中的所述病原体引物浓度均为0.1μM,所述病原体探针浓度为0.05μM,所述人DNA内参引物浓度为0.06μM,所述人DNA内参引物探针浓度为0.03μM。
进一步地,所述缓冲液和所述PCR引物探针具体成分包括: 150mM Tris-Hcl,30mMKcl,10mM Mgcl2,35mM硫酸铵,400μM dNTP,2mM DTT,3% DMSO,0.02%吐温20,余量为无核酸酶水。
本申请还提供一种同时检测9种呼吸道病原菌的多重RT-PCR方法及试剂盒,所述试剂盒的检测方法包括以采集样本并提取核酸和以提取的核酸为模板进行实时荧光定量PCR反应并采集荧光,具体包括以下步骤:
步骤(1) :将样品提取模板、无RNase水、阳性质控品各7μL分别加入不同的PCR反应管中,并向各管中加入PCR引物探针缓冲液22μL、Hot Start Taq酶1μL和配成体系,盖好管盖,放入荧光定量PCR仪中进行荧光PCR检测;
步骤(2); 设置仪器中的PCR扩增反应条件:50℃2分钟-3.1℃/s;95℃2秒钟-3.1℃/s;95℃1秒钟-3.1℃/s,60℃10秒钟-2.38℃/s并采集荧光,循环40次;
步骤(3):步骤(2)反应完成后,基线设定为自动调整,根据扩增曲线图和Ct值对检测结果进行分析;
步骤(4)有效性判定:无RNase水检测出的Ct值为Undet或40,且阳性质控品检测出的Ct值≤38,否则实验视为无效;
步骤(5):结果判读:
样本检测孔Ct值为Undet或40,该样本结果判断为阴性,样本DNA/RNA提取失败、待测样本中不含DNA/RNA或含量低于检测限;
样本检测孔Ct值≤38,该样本结果判断为对应的病原体阳性,样本检测成功;
样本检测孔Ct值为38-40,需要复检一次,如果Ct值仍为38-40,则判断为阴性。
进一步地,所述试剂盒在咽拭子样本和痰液样本任意一种或多种中的应用。
本发明的有益效果为:
本申请的检测方法及试剂盒,同时针对9种呼吸道病原菌白假丝酵母菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎链球菌、娄肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌进行检测,具有较高的灵敏度,较高的特异性,并缩短检测时间,提高检测效率;本试剂盒能够针对呼吸道感染的病患进行呼吸道病原菌的筛查检测,对呼吸道疾病进行针对性治疗有一定作用,将为医院及其它医疗机构提供一种灵敏、准确、快速且低成本的检测方案。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1检测限实验的QPCR扩增曲线图;
图2为本发明实施例1检测限实验的QPCR扩增曲线图;
图3为本发明实施例1检测限实验的QPCR扩增曲线图;
图4为本发明实施例2特异性实验的QPCR扩增曲线图。
实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式,进一步阐明本发明,应理解下述具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
本申请所述的针对三种病原菌及人DNA内参的正、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列具体参见表1所示。
表1
SEQ ID NO.1 CGACAAACGATGAGCCAAGTGAA
SEQ ID NO.2 CGTGATCAATTGCTTTTCGGGGTC
SEQ ID NO.3 ACGGAGCCTCTTGATCTAGCCATGCCTTGT
SEQ ID NO.4 TGGCTGGTAACTTGATTGGTGTAA
SEQ ID NO.5 CATCGTCTTGTGTAGGTGGAAGTAA
SEQ ID NO.6 CCAACCAACCACGAACAACACGACCATCTT
SEQ ID NO.7 GTGTGACGTTTGCCACGGTAG
SEQ ID NO.8 GCACCTGACCAGAACCATGAC
SEQ ID NO.9 ACCAGGTACACAGCCGCAGACTTGTCCGAC
SEQ ID NO.10 CGAGGTATTGGTGACTGGAATGC
SEQ ID NO.11 GCTGTCGGCTATCGTCATTGAA
SEQ ID NO.12 TGTCCTGACCTGCGGCTTCCTGCTGG
SEQ ID NO.13 TCCTGACGGTCGTAAGGTTGA
SEQ ID NO.14 CCATCGGAGCCAAGGTCAAG
SEQ ID NO.15 TGCGGTTGTTGACTTCCTTCCTCGTGTGC
SEQ ID NO.16 CAGGATTGCTTAAAAGAAACGTTGC
SEQ ID NO.17 GCCAATGGAAGAAGAAACGGACTA
SEQ ID NO.18 CGAACGCATTACTCGCTCTGAGGCAACGGA
SEQ ID NO.19 GTACCTAACGTTTGTTTCGCAGC
SEQ ID NO.20 GCAGCAGTTGAACAAGCATTG
SEQ ID NO.21 TCGCATCACCGTTCAACGCCGTCTTCGT
SEQ ID NO.22 AGCACCTCGGACTCTATCAGTA
SEQ ID NO.23 GATGCTGCTATGCTTAGTGATCCA
SEQ ID NO.24 CAGAACCACTTGTGCTCGTCGAATCGCTCA
SEQ ID NO.25 GCAACTGATCAACCCGGACAG
SEQ ID NO.26 GGGCAGAAACCGAGGTTCCA
SEQ ID NO.27 CGCCGAAGATCCGCCGACAGTTCCTC
SEQ ID NO.28 TCTGGCACCACACCTTCTACAA
SEQ ID NO.29 GGATAGCACAGCCTGGATAGCA
SEQ ID NO.30 AGGAGCACCCCGTGCTGCTGAC
实施例1 检测限
取酶混合液1.5μL,反应液13 μL,所示的各引物和探针的PCR引物溶液0.5μL,样本模板取5μL并采用如下的PCR反应的条件:50℃2分钟(3.1℃/s);95℃2秒钟(3.1℃/s);95℃1秒钟(3.1℃/s),60℃10秒钟(2.38℃/s)并采集荧光,循环40次。
针对试剂盒进行检测限检测,用试剂盒进行检测每种病原菌的培养物。
1号管:白假丝酵母菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌 2号管:肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎链球菌、娄肠球菌 3号管:金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌 按照100000copies /mL、10000copies /mL、1000copies /mL的浓度梯度分别对每种菌进行上述PCR检测,荧光检测结果具体如图1~图3所示。
具体Ct值见表2所示。
表2
100000copies/mL Ct值 10000copies/mL Ct值 1000copies/mL Ct值
白假丝酵母菌 29.31 33.18 36.33
鲍曼不动杆菌 28.50 32.24 35.27
大肠埃希菌 28.73 32.60 35.87
肺炎克雷伯菌 28.98 32.87 35.23
肺炎链球菌 29.02 31.63 34.86
娄肠球菌 29.24 32.41 35.91
金黄色葡萄球菌 28.86 32.72 36.61
凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 29.55 32.94 35.79
铜绿假单胞菌 28.78 32.29 36.19
由图1、2、3可知,本实施例的检测方法及试剂盒的扩增效率好,使用拷贝数样本可达到1000copies /mL,具有非常高的灵敏度。
实施例2 特异性
取酶混合液1.5μL,反应液13 μL,所示的各引物和探针的PCR引物溶液0.5μL,样本模板取5μL并采用如下的PCR反应的条件:50℃2分钟(3.1℃/s);95℃2秒钟(3.1℃/s);95℃1秒钟(3.1℃/s),60℃10秒钟(2.38℃/s)并采集荧光,循环40次。
针对试剂盒进行特异性检测,用试剂盒进行检测每种病原菌的培养物。 1号管:白假丝酵母菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌 2号管:肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎链球菌、娄肠球菌 3号管:金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌 使用管1检测肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎链球菌、娄肠球菌培养物混合物,用管2检测金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌培养物混合物,用管3检测白假丝酵母菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌培养物混合物。进行上述PCR检测,荧光检测结果具体如图4所示。
需要说明的是,以上内容仅仅说明了本发明的技术思想,不能以此限定本发明的保护范围,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰均落入本发明权利要求书的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

1.一种同时检测9种呼吸道病原菌的多重RT-PCR试剂盒,其特征在于,包括管1试剂、管2试剂、管3试剂和Taq酶;所述管1试剂、管2试剂和管3试剂均包括PCR引物探针缓冲液、病原体引物探针和人DNA内参引物探针;
所述管1试剂的病原体引物探针由白假丝酵母菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和大肠埃希菌的PCR引物探针组成,所述管2试剂的病原体引物探针由肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎链球菌和粪肠球菌的PCR引物探针组成,所述管3试剂的病原体引物探针由金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌的PCR引物探针组成;
所述白假丝酵母菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列如SEQ IDNO.1~SEQ ID NO.3所示;所述鲍曼不动杆菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列如SEQ ID NO.4~SEQ ID NO.6所示;所述大肠埃希菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列如SEQ ID NO.7~SEQ ID NO.9所示;所述肺炎克雷伯菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列如SEQ ID NO.10~SEQ ID NO.12所示;所述肺炎链球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列如SEQ IDNO.13~SEQ ID NO.15所示;所述粪肠球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列如SEQ ID NO.16~SEQ ID NO.18所示;所述金黄色葡萄球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列如SEQ ID NO.19~SEQ ID NO.21所示;所述凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列如SEQ ID NO.22~SEQ ID NO.24所示;所述铜绿假单胞菌的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列如SEQ ID NO.25~SEQ ID NO.27所示;所述人DNA内参的正向PCR扩增引物、反向PCR扩增引物及检测探针的序列如SEQ ID NO.28~SEQ ID NO.30所示;
所述白假丝酵母菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有FAM发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1;所述鲍曼不动杆菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有ROX发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ2;所述大肠埃希菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有VIC发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1;所述肺炎克雷伯菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有FAM发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1;所述肺炎链球菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有ROX发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ2;所述粪肠球菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有VIC发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1;金黄色葡萄球菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有FAM发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1;所述凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有ROX发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ2;所述铜绿假单胞菌的检测探针序列5’端标记有VIC发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时检测9种呼吸道病原菌的多重RT-PCR试剂盒,其特征在于,所述人DNA内参的检测探针序列5’端标记有CY5发光基团,3’端标记有荧光淬灭基团BHQ2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时检测9种呼吸道病原菌的多重RT-PCR试剂盒,其特征在于,所述PCR引物探针缓冲液具体成分包括:150mM Tris-Hcl,30mM Kcl,10mM Mgcl2,35mM硫酸铵,400μM dNTP,2mM DTT,3% DMSO,0.02%吐温20,余量为无核酸酶水。
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CN112481398A (zh) * 2020-12-21 2021-03-12 江苏汇先医药技术有限公司 多种呼吸道病原菌的实时荧光定量pcr检测方法及试剂盒
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Denomination of invention: A Multiple RT-PCR Method and Kit for Simultaneous Detection of 9 Respiratory Pathogens and Its Application

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