CN116111685A - Passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit for battery management - Google Patents
Passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit for battery management Download PDFInfo
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- CN116111685A CN116111685A CN202310127765.0A CN202310127765A CN116111685A CN 116111685 A CN116111685 A CN 116111685A CN 202310127765 A CN202310127765 A CN 202310127765A CN 116111685 A CN116111685 A CN 116111685A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage element management, and discloses a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit, a main circuit and a plurality of battery management sub-circuits, wherein the battery management sub-circuits are connected in parallel and are connected with the main circuit, and each battery management sub-circuit comprises a battery module, a battery sampling comparison module, an equalization control module, an equalization discharging module and an equalization detection module. The invention detects whether the equalization discharging module normally executes the instruction of the equalization control module or not through the equalization detecting module, diagnoses when the equalization discharging module does not normally execute the instruction, and can upload and inform staff of the equalization failure fault information to process in time so as to detect the equalization state in real time under the running state of the whole battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit, thus really integrating sampling, control and feedback and realizing the safety and effectiveness of the equalization function; the equalization detection module can also prevent current from reversely entering the equalization discharge module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage element management, in particular to a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit.
Background
With the rapid development of technology, batteries with high energy density and no pollution are increasingly widely used. However, since the power demand is very large, a single battery cannot meet the demands of people, and thus, a multi-string battery pack composed of a plurality of unit cells connected in series has appeared. When the batteries are used in series, due to the limitation of manufacturing process and the like, a plurality of single battery cells in the same battery pack can generate capacity imbalance difference in the actual charge and discharge process, so that the available capacity of the assembled battery is reduced. When in charging, a battery monomer with higher voltage can lead to early termination of the charging process, and the charging capacity is reduced; when discharging, the battery single body with lower voltage can lead to early termination of the discharging process and reduction of discharge capacity. In order to improve the consistency of the battery, a relatively effective method is to balance the battery cells, discharge the cells with high voltage, and charge the cells with low voltage. There are two main equalization techniques at this stage: passive equalization and active equalization. The passive equalization circuit generally comprises an equalization resistor and an equalization switch which are connected in series, the passive equalization circuit is connected with the single battery in parallel, the battery control chip is used for controlling the on-off of the equalization switch, heat is generated by the equalization resistor, redundant electric quantity is consumed, and equalization of battery consistency is achieved.
The failure of the passive equalization circuit has open circuit and short circuit, which may cause extreme disasters such as failure to realize equalization function, or leakage short circuit fire caused by continuous discharge and even over discharge, in order to solve the problem, the passive equalization circuit is usually required to be diagnosed in application, but the conventional diagnosis circuit cannot be accurately and reliably diagnosed, and the implementation in practical application is very little, so that the long-term stable operation of the battery pack is difficult to be ensured.
For the problems in the related art, no effective solution has been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit which has the advantages of accurate diagnosis, equalization safety, effectiveness and the like, and solves the problems that the conventional diagnosis circuit cannot accurately and reliably diagnose and long-term stable operation of a battery pack is difficult to ensure.
In order to solve the technical problems that the diagnosis cannot be accurately and reliably performed in the existing diagnosis circuit and the long-term stable operation of the battery pack is difficult to ensure, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a battery management passive equalization failure diagnostic circuit, comprising: the battery management device comprises a main circuit and a plurality of battery management sub-circuits, wherein the battery management sub-circuits are connected in parallel and are connected with the main circuit, and each battery management sub-circuit comprises a battery module, a battery sampling comparison module, an equalization control module, an equalization discharging module and an equalization detection module; in one of the battery management sub-circuits, the battery sampling comparison module is used for detecting the voltage state of the battery module, comparing the voltage state with a voltage threshold preset in the battery sampling comparison module, judging whether the current battery module needs to be balanced, and continuously sending an equalization signal to the equalization control module when the battery module needs to be balanced; the equalization control module controls the connection between the equalization discharging module and the battery module after receiving the equalization signal, and controls the disconnection between the equalization discharging module and the battery module after the equalization control module no longer receives the equalization signal; the equalization discharging module can equalize the voltage output by the battery module after being communicated with the battery module, and the voltage output by the battery management sub-circuit is consistent with the output voltage of other battery management sub-circuits; the balance detection module is used for detecting whether the balance discharge module normally executes the instruction of the balance control module, detecting whether the balance discharge module is continuously discharging, preventing current from reversely entering the balance discharge module and protecting the balance discharge module.
Preferably, the battery sampling comparison module comprises a digital-to-analog conversion unit and a voltage comparison unit, the digital-to-analog conversion unit is used for sampling the output voltage of the battery module to obtain a sampling voltage, the voltage comparison unit is used for comparing the sampling voltage with a preset voltage threshold, and when the sampling voltage is larger than the preset voltage threshold, an equalization signal is continuously sent to the equalization control module.
Preferably, the equalization control module includes a switching control unit capable of controlling on and off between the battery module and the equalization discharging module, and a driving current limiting unit for limiting a current input to the switching control unit; the driving current limiting unit of the equalization control module receives an equalization signal, then limits the current of the equalization signal and inputs the balanced signal into the switch control unit, and the switch control unit can control the battery module to be connected with the equalization discharging module after receiving the balanced signal after limiting the current.
Preferably, the driving current limiting unit comprises a driving current limiting resistor, the switch control unit comprises an equalization MOS tube, the driving current limiting resistor is connected in series with the equalization MOS tube, the equalization signal outputs a high level to the equalization MOS tube after the current is limited by the driving current limiting resistor, the equalization MOS tube is closed, and the equalization MOS tube controls the battery module and the equalization discharging module to be connected; when no equalizing signal exists, the current limiting resistor is driven to output zero level to the equalizing MOS tube, the equalizing MOS tube is started, and the equalizing MOS tube controls the battery module to be disconnected with the equalizing discharging module.
Preferably, the balanced discharge module includes a discharge load unit including a balanced discharge resistor capable of consuming surplus electric energy discharged from the battery module when the battery module is turned on with the balanced discharge module.
Preferably, the equalization detection module comprises a detection input current limiting unit, a detection output current limiting unit and an isolation unit; the detection input current limiting unit is used for limiting the current input to the isolation unit, and the detection output current limiting unit is used for limiting the current output by the isolation unit; the isolation unit can conduct isolation transfer on the state of the balanced discharge module so as to detect whether the balanced discharge module normally executes the instruction of the balanced control module or not;
preferably, the equalization detection module further comprises an anti-reverse protection unit and a level pull-up unit; the anti-reverse protection unit is used for preventing current from reversely entering the battery management sub-circuit and providing direction protection for the balanced discharge module; the level pull-up unit is used for stabilizing the output level and clamping the electric signal in the battery management sub-circuit at a high level.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit, whether the equalization discharging module normally executes the instruction of the equalization control module is detected through the equalization detecting module, diagnosis is carried out when the equalization discharging module does not normally execute the instruction, and equalization failure fault information can be uploaded to the background control center to inform workers to timely process, so that the detection of the equalization state is carried out in real time under the running state of the whole battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit, sampling, control and feedback are integrated truly, and safety and effectiveness of an equalization function are realized.
2. The battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit comprises an equalization discharging module, a battery management sub-circuit, a battery management control sub-circuit and a battery management control sub-circuit, wherein the equalization discharging module is used for carrying out additional discharging after being communicated with the battery module, so that the voltage output by the battery module is equalized, the voltage output by the battery management sub-circuit is consistent with the output voltage of the other battery management sub-circuits, the stability of the whole battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit is further maintained, and the over-discharging of one battery module and the battery life loss are prevented; when each battery module is charged by the battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit, the input extra electric energy is consumed by the equalization discharging module, so that the battery module is prevented from being overcharged, and the battery module is prevented from excessively heating, short-circuiting and even igniting, and the charging safety of the battery module is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit configuration of a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an equalization control module according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an equalization detecting module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As described in the background art, the present application provides a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit in order to solve the above technical problems.
Referring to fig. 1, a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit includes: the battery management device comprises a main circuit and a plurality of battery management sub-circuits (3 battery management sub-circuits are taken as an example in the figure), wherein the battery management sub-circuits are connected in parallel and are connected with the main circuit, and each battery management sub-circuit comprises a battery module, a battery sampling comparison module, an equalization control module, an equalization discharging module and an equalization detection module; in a battery management sub-circuit, the battery sampling comparison module is used for detecting the voltage state of the battery module, comparing the voltage state with a voltage threshold preset in the battery sampling comparison module, judging whether the current battery module needs to be balanced, and continuously sending an equalization signal to the equalization control module when the battery module needs to be balanced; the equalization control module controls the connection between the equalization discharging module and the battery module after receiving the equalization signal, and controls the disconnection between the equalization discharging module and the battery module after the equalization control module no longer receives the equalization signal; the equalization discharging module can equalize the voltage of the battery module after being communicated with the battery module, and the voltage in the battery management sub-circuit is kept consistent with the output voltage of other battery management sub-circuits; the equalization detection module is used for detecting whether the equalization discharge module normally executes the instruction of the equalization control module, detecting whether the equalization discharge module is continuously discharging, preventing current from reversely entering the equalization discharge module, and protecting the equalization discharge module.
When the battery management sub-circuit is used, the main circuit is connected with an electricity load, the battery modules in the battery management sub-circuits are discharged, the battery sampling comparison module detects the voltage state of the battery modules in each battery management sub-circuit, the voltage state of the battery modules is compared with a voltage threshold preset in the battery sampling comparison module, and whether the current battery modules need to be balanced or not is judged; when the battery sampling comparison module judges that the current battery module needs to be balanced, continuously sending an equalization signal to the equalization control module; when the battery comparison module judges that the current battery module does not need to be balanced, the battery comparison module keeps silent; when the equalization signal continuously sent by the battery sampling comparison module is received by the equalization control module, the equalization control module controls the equalization discharging module to be communicated with the battery module; when the equalization control module does not receive the equalization signal, the equalization discharging module is controlled to be disconnected with the battery module; after the equalization discharging module is communicated with the battery modules, the equalization discharging module performs additional discharging to equalize the voltage output by the battery modules, so that the voltage output from the battery management sub-circuit is consistent with the output voltage of other battery management sub-circuits, the stability of the whole battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit is further maintained, and the equalization effect of each battery module is utilized to prevent one of the battery modules from generating overdischarge and losing the service life of the battery; when each battery module is charged by the battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit, the input extra electric energy can be consumed by the equalization discharging module in each battery management sub-circuit, so that the excessive heating short circuit and even fire of one battery module are prevented from being caused, and the charging safety of the battery module is ensured; finally, in a battery management sub-circuit, detecting whether the balanced discharge module normally executes the instruction of the balanced control module or not through the balanced detection module, diagnosing when the balanced discharge module does not normally execute the instruction, uploading balanced failure fault information to a background control center, informing a worker to process in time, detecting the balanced state in real time under the running state of the whole battery management passive balanced failure diagnosis circuit, really integrating sampling, control and feedback, and realizing the safety and effectiveness of the balanced function; in addition, the balanced detection module can also provide current with fixed level for the main circuit, prevent current from reversely entering the balanced discharge module, provide protection for the balanced discharge module, prevent the damage of the balanced discharge module, and improve the service life of the balanced discharge module.
Further, the battery sampling comparison module comprises a digital-to-analog conversion unit and a voltage comparison unit, the digital-to-analog conversion unit is used for sampling the output voltage of the battery module to obtain a sampling voltage, the voltage comparison unit is used for comparing the sampling voltage with a preset voltage threshold, and when the sampling voltage is larger than the preset voltage threshold, an equalization signal is continuously sent to the equalization control module.
In particular, the digital-to-Analog conversion unit is preferably a sampling ADC chip (ADC chip, analog-to-digital converter, a chip for converting an Analog signal into a digital signal), the voltage comparison unit is preferably a comparator chip (comparator chip: a chip for comparing two or more data items to determine whether they are equal or determining a size relationship and an arrangement order function between them), the sampling ADC chip is capable of acquiring a sampling voltage (the sampling voltage is an output voltage when the battery module outputs and is an input voltage when the battery module charges), the comparator chip is a single-chip microcomputer capable of performing data comparison, and is capable of comparing the sampling voltage with a pre-input voltage to determine whether the sampling voltage is greater than a preset voltage threshold, and the comparator chip has a signal transmitting function, preferably an electric signal output function, so as to be capable of continuously outputting an equalizing signal.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the equalization control module includes a switch control unit and a driving current limiting unit, the switch control unit is capable of controlling connection and disconnection between the battery module and the equalization discharging module, and the driving current limiting unit is used for limiting current input to the switch control unit; the driving current limiting unit of the equalization control module receives the equalization signal, inputs the equalization signal into the switch control unit after limiting the current, and the switch control unit can control the connection between the battery module and the equalization discharging module after receiving the equalization signal after limiting the current.
The driving current limiting unit comprises a driving current limiting resistor, the switch control unit comprises an equalization MOS (field effect transistor), the driving current limiting resistor is connected in series with the equalization MOS, after the equalization signal is subjected to current limiting through the driving current limiting resistor, a high level is output to the equalization MOS, the equalization MOS is closed, and the equalization MOS controls the connection between the battery module and the equalization discharging module; when the equalizing signal does not exist, the current limiting resistor is driven to output zero level to the equalizing MOS tube, the equalizing MOS tube is started, and the equalizing MOS tube controls the battery module to be disconnected from the equalizing discharging module.
Further, the balanced discharging module comprises a discharging load unit, the discharging load unit comprises a balanced discharging resistor, and the balanced discharging resistor can consume redundant electric energy released by the battery module when the battery module is connected with the balanced discharging module.
Further, referring to fig. 4, a schematic circuit structure of an equalization detection module includes a detection input current limiting unit, a detection output current limiting unit and an isolation unit; the detection input current limiting unit is used for limiting the current input to the isolation unit, and the detection output current limiting unit is used for limiting the current output by the isolation unit; the isolation unit can carry out isolation transfer on the state of the balanced discharge module so as to detect whether the balanced discharge module normally executes the instruction of the balanced control module;
the equalization detection module also comprises an anti-reverse protection unit and a level pull-up unit; the anti-reverse protection unit is used for preventing current from reversely entering the battery management sub-circuit and providing direction protection for the balanced discharge module; the level pull-up unit is used for stabilizing the output level and clamping the electric signal in the battery management sub-circuit at a high level.
When the detection input current limiting unit is used, the detection input current limiting resistor can limit the current of a branch circuit where the detection input current limiting resistor is located, and the isolation optocoupler and a rear-end component (the rear-end component comprises an equalization module) which are connected in series with the detection input current limiting resistor are prevented from being burnt out; an isolated optocoupler (an optocoupler is a device which uses light as a medium to transmit electric signals, when the input end is powered on, a light emitter emits light, and a light receiver generates photocurrent after receiving the light, and the photocurrent flows out from the output end, so that the electric-optical-electric control element which uses light as a medium to couple the input end signal to the output) isolates the signals in an optical coupling mode, so that an isolated battery system and a state detection circuit are directly connected without electricity, a low-voltage detection circuit and a battery high-voltage circuit are isolated, interference caused by the connection with electricity is prevented, and the battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit has strong anti-interference capability and works stably; the detection output current limiting resistor is connected in series in the battery management sub-circuit, and can limit the current of the branch circuit where the detection output current limiting resistor is positioned, so that the current is prevented from being too large, and the isolation optocoupler and the front-end component (the front-end component comprises a pull-up resistor R and an M1 signal receiving source) which are connected in series with the detection output current limiting resistor are burnt; the anti-reflection diode is connected in series in the battery management sub-circuit, so that breakdown damage caused by the fact that high-voltage signals coupled through the isolation optocoupler are transmitted to other modules and the rear-end detection circuit is prevented; the pull-up resistor is connected in series in the battery management sub-circuit, the uncertain signals of each system are clamped at a high level through one pull-up resistor, and the pull-up resistor plays a role in current limiting.
The embodiment provides a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit, and in specific implementation, the battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit is preferably as shown in fig. 2, in which an ADC chip is sampled: ADC1, ADC2 and ADC3; a battery module: b1, B2, B3; a comparator chip: s1, S2 and S3; driving a current limiting resistor: r11, R21, R31; equalizing MOS tube: q1, Q2, Q3; equalizing discharge resistance: r13, R23, R33; detecting an input current limiting resistor: r12, R22, R32; isolation optocoupler: u1, U2 and U3; detecting and outputting a current limiting resistor: r14, R24, R34; anti-reverse diode: d1, D2, D3; pull-up resistor: r is R; signal receiving source: m1;
referring to fig. 2, a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit is shown, wherein the negative electrode of a battery module B1 is connected to the positive electrode of a battery module B2; the negative electrode of the battery module B2 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery module B3; the 2 pin of the pull-up resistor R is connected to a +3.3V power supply; the 3 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery module B1, the 1 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q1 is connected to the 2 pin of the driving current limiting resistor R11, the 2 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q1 is connected to the 1 pin of the detecting input current limiting resistor R12, and the 2 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q1 is simultaneously connected to the 2 pin of the equalizing discharge resistor R13; the 1 pin of the driving current-limiting resistor R11 is connected to the comparator chip S1 and is controlled by the sampling ADC chip ADC 1; the 1 pin of the isolation optocoupler U1 is connected to the 2 pin of the detection input current limiting resistor R12, the 4 pin of the isolation optocoupler U1 is connected to the 1 pin of the detection output current limiting resistor R14, the 2 pin of the isolation optocoupler U1 is connected to the 1 pin of the balanced discharging resistor R13, the 2 pin of the isolation optocoupler U1 is simultaneously connected to the negative electrode of the battery module B1, and the 3 pin of the isolation optocoupler U1 is grounded; the 2 pin of the anti-reflection diode D1 is connected to the 2 pin of the detection output current limiting resistor R14, and the 1 pin of the anti-reflection diode D1 is connected to the 1 pin of the pull-up resistor R;
the 3 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery module B2, the 1 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q2 is connected to the 2 pin of the driving current limiting resistor R21, the 2 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q2 is connected to the 1 pin of the detecting input current limiting resistor R22, and the 2 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q2 is simultaneously connected to the 2 pin of the equalizing discharge resistor R23; the 1 pin of the driving current-limiting resistor R21 is connected to the comparator chip S2 and is controlled by the sampling ADC chip ADC 2; the 1 pin of the isolation optocoupler U2 is connected to the 2 pin of the detection input current limiting resistor R22, the 4 pin of the isolation optocoupler U2 is connected to the 1 pin of the detection output current limiting resistor R24, the 2 pin of the isolation optocoupler U2 is connected to the 1 pin of the balanced discharging resistor R23, the 2 pin of the isolation optocoupler U2 is simultaneously connected to the cathode of the battery module B2, and the 3 pin of the isolation optocoupler U2 is grounded; the 2 pin of the anti-reflection diode D2 is connected to the 2 pin of the detection output current limiting resistor R24, and the 1 pin of the anti-reflection diode D2 is connected to the 1 pin of the pull-up resistor R;
the 3 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q3 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery module B3, the 1 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q3 is connected to the 2 pin of the driving current limiting resistor R31, the 2 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q3 is connected to the 1 pin of the detecting input current limiting resistor R32, and the 2 pin of the equalizing MOS tube Q3 is simultaneously connected to the 2 pin of the equalizing discharge resistor R33; the 1 pin of the driving current-limiting resistor R31 is connected to the comparator chip S3 and is controlled by the sampling ADC chip ADC3; the 1 pin of the isolation optocoupler U3 is connected to the 2 pin of the detection input current limiting resistor R32, the 4 pin of the isolation optocoupler U3 is connected to the 1 pin of the detection output current limiting resistor R34, the 2 pin of the isolation optocoupler U3 is connected to the 1 pin of the balanced discharging resistor R33, the 2 pin of the isolation optocoupler U3 is simultaneously connected to the negative electrode of the battery module B3, and the 3 pin of the isolation optocoupler U3 is grounded; the 2 pin of the anti-reflection diode D3 is connected to the 2 pin of the detection output current limiting resistor R34, and the 1 pin of the anti-reflection diode D3 is connected to the 1 pin of the pull-up resistor R;
referring to fig. 2, a battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit is taken as an example of a battery management sub-circuit: the sampling ADC chip ADC1 samples the voltage of the battery module B1, and the comparator chip S1 compares to obtain that the current battery voltage is higher than a preset value (i.e. the preset voltage threshold is written into the programmable comparator chip S1 by software, or determined by the hardware design of the comparator chip S1, which is a common technical scheme in the prior art, and is not described herein, the voltage threshold of the lithium iron phosphate battery is 3.7V, and the voltage threshold of the ternary battery is 4.2V) when the battery is applied specifically; the output signal (the output equalization signal is high level, the non-output equalization signal is zero level) is subjected to current limiting through a driving current limiting resistor R11, and then the high level or zero level control equalization MOS tube Q1 is driven; when a high level is output, the Q1 pipe is closed; when zero level is output, the Q1 pipe is started; q1 is turned on or turned off to cause the equalization discharging resistor R13 to be turned on or turned off, so that the equalization system is turned on or turned off; the current state of the equalization discharging resistor R13 is high level and zero level (consistent with the equalization MOS tube Q1), the current state is transmitted to the optocoupler U1 through the detection input current limiting resistor R12, the U1 isolates the electric signals by utilizing optical coupling, the electric signals generated after the U1 is isolated are transmitted to the output signal M1 through the current limiting of the detection output current limiting resistor R14 and the anti-reflection of the anti-reflection diode D1, and the diagnosis process of the battery management passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit is completed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A battery management passive equalization failure diagnostic circuit, comprising: the battery management device comprises a main circuit and a plurality of battery management sub-circuits, wherein the battery management sub-circuits are connected in parallel and are connected with the main circuit, and each battery management sub-circuit comprises a battery module, a battery sampling comparison module, an equalization control module, an equalization discharging module and an equalization detection module;
in one of the battery management sub-circuits, the battery sampling comparison module is used for detecting the voltage state of the battery module, comparing the voltage state with a voltage threshold preset in the battery sampling comparison module, judging whether the current battery module needs to be balanced, and continuously sending an equalization signal to the equalization control module when the battery module needs to be balanced;
the equalization control module controls the connection between the equalization discharging module and the battery module after receiving the equalization signal, and controls the disconnection between the equalization discharging module and the battery module after the equalization control module no longer receives the equalization signal;
the balanced discharging module can be used for balancing the voltage of the battery module after being communicated with the battery module, and keeping the voltage of the battery management sub-circuit consistent with the voltage of other battery management sub-circuits;
the balance detection module is used for detecting whether the balance discharge module normally executes the instruction of the balance control module, detecting whether the balance discharge module is continuously discharging, preventing current from reversely entering the balance discharge module, and protecting the balance discharge module.
2. The battery management passive equalization failure diagnostic circuit of claim 1, wherein: the battery sampling comparison module comprises a digital-to-analog conversion unit and a voltage comparison unit, wherein the digital-to-analog conversion unit is used for sampling the output voltage of the battery module to obtain sampling voltage, the voltage comparison unit is used for comparing the sampling voltage with a preset voltage threshold value, and when the sampling voltage is larger than the preset voltage threshold value, an equalization signal is continuously sent to the equalization control module.
3. The battery management passive equalization failure diagnostic circuit of claim 1, wherein: the equalization control module comprises a switch control unit and a driving current limiting unit, wherein the switch control unit can control the connection and disconnection between the battery module and the equalization discharging module, and the driving current limiting unit is used for limiting the current input to the switch control unit;
the driving current limiting unit of the equalization control module receives an equalization signal, then limits the current of the equalization signal and inputs the balanced signal into the switch control unit, and the switch control unit can control the battery module to be connected with the equalization discharging module after receiving the balanced signal after limiting the current.
4. A battery management passive equalization failure diagnostic circuit as defined in claim 3, wherein: the driving current limiting unit comprises a driving current limiting resistor, the switch control unit comprises an equalization MOS tube, the driving current limiting resistor is connected in series with the equalization MOS tube, the equalization signal outputs high level to the equalization MOS tube after the current is limited by the driving current limiting resistor, the equalization MOS tube is closed, and the equalization MOS tube controls the battery module and the equalization discharging module to be connected;
when no equalizing signal exists, the driving current limiting resistor outputs zero level to the equalizing MOS tube, the equalizing MOS tube is started, and the equalizing MOS tube controls the battery module to be disconnected with the equalizing discharging module.
5. The battery management passive equalization failure diagnostic circuit of claim 1, wherein: the balanced discharging module comprises a discharging load unit, the discharging load unit comprises a balanced discharging resistor, and the balanced discharging resistor can consume redundant electric energy released by the battery module when the battery module is connected with the balanced discharging module.
6. The battery management passive equalization failure diagnostic circuit of claim 1, wherein: the equalization detection module comprises a detection input current limiting unit, a detection output current limiting unit and an isolation unit;
the detection input current limiting unit is used for limiting the current input to the isolation unit, and the detection output current limiting unit is used for limiting the current output by the isolation unit;
the isolation unit can conduct isolation transfer on the state of the balanced discharge module so as to detect whether the balanced discharge module normally executes the instruction of the balanced control module.
7. The battery management passive equalization failure diagnostic circuit of claim 1, wherein: the balance detection module further comprises an anti-reverse protection unit and a level pull-up unit;
the anti-reverse protection unit is used for preventing current from reversely entering the battery management sub-circuit and providing direction protection for the balanced discharge module;
the level pull-up unit is used for stabilizing the output level and clamping the electric signal in the battery management sub-circuit at a high level.
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| CN202310127765.0A CN116111685A (en) | 2023-02-17 | 2023-02-17 | Passive equalization failure diagnosis circuit for battery management |
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