CN210577905U

CN210577905U - Battery charging management circuit

Info

Publication number: CN210577905U
Application number: CN201922022399.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李晓文; 王朵平
Original assignee: Fulham Electronic Co ltd
Current assignee: Fulham Electronic Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-21
Filing date: 2019-11-21
Publication date: 2020-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery charging management circuit, include: the input direct current power supply supplies power to the storage battery module through the charging voltage-sharing control module and the charging voltage-sharing control module in sequence, and the input direct current power supply supplies power to the MCU control module through the MCU power supply module; the MCU control module outputs control signals to the charging voltage-sharing control module and the charging voltage-sharing control module respectively, and the storage battery module feeds back real-time voltage to the MCU control module through the battery voltage detection module. The utility model realizes the modular management mode of the charging circuit through the simple voltage-sharing and current-sharing modular circuit, can adapt to the charging of over-discharge batteries, and can charge the over-discharge batteries with normal constant current as low as zero volt; the problem of voltage balancing and current equalizing during charging of the series-connected, parallel-connected or series-parallel connected battery pack is solved, and trickle charging or timed supplementary charging after the battery is fully charged can be realized.

Description

Battery charging management circuit

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a battery charging management field, concretely relates to battery charging management circuit.

Background

In the practical application of charging management on storage batteries in the market, the situation that a large-capacity storage battery pack connected in series, in parallel or in series and parallel is required to be charged is often met, so that a user needs to perform voltage-equalizing charging control on a single battery in the series battery pack and perform current-equalizing charging control on a single battery in the parallel battery pack in the using process; at present, charging management is mostly realized by adopting a special battery management chip, and the problem that a control pin of the special battery management chip is limited can be encountered, so that a plurality of batteries can not be effectively managed, and extensible modular power management can not be well realized.

The battery also faces the problem of overdischarge during charging. For the over-discharge problem of the battery, products on the market generally set a turn-off voltage that prevents the battery from being over-discharged, but the battery of this type has the following problems: 1) even after the battery discharge circuit stops working, the battery over-discharge phenomenon can be caused due to the self-discharge phenomenon of the battery and the reverse leakage current of components such as a diode and a triode which cut off the battery; 2) if an individual cell in a battery pack is damaged, the cell voltage may drop even to around zero volts, at which time the battery pack voltage may also drop to the value that would be present if the battery pack were over-discharged. A BOOST circuit, a BUCK circuit or other topological circuits are generally adopted as products of the charging circuit, if the design allowance of an inductance device in the circuit is not large, current transformation processing is not carried out on the charging current, when the voltage of an over-discharge battery is low enough, the charging circuit is enabled to work abnormally and cannot realize constant current charging, and the charging circuit is enabled to be burnt out seriously.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a battery charging management circuit can realize the effective management to a plurality of battery charging.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a battery charge management circuit, comprising: the input direct current power supply supplies power to the storage battery module through the charging voltage-sharing control module and the charging voltage-sharing control module in sequence, and the input direct current power supply supplies power to the MCU control module through the MCU power supply module; the MCU control module outputs control signals to the charging voltage-sharing control module and the charging voltage-sharing control module respectively, and the storage battery module feeds back real-time voltage to the MCU control module through the battery voltage detection module.

Further, the battery module includes a plurality of batteries connected in series.

Further, the secondary battery is divided into a series high-end battery pack and a series low-end battery pack connected in series.

Furthermore, the battery charging management circuit comprises a plurality of groups of charging voltage-sharing control modules, storage battery modules and battery voltage detection modules which are correspondingly connected.

Furthermore, the charging current-sharing control module comprises a three-terminal voltage regulator with adjustable output voltage, an input pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator is connected with an input direct-current power supply, and an output pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator is connected with the charging current-sharing control module through a constant-current setting circuit and an isolation diode; the control signal of the MCU control module is connected with the charging current-sharing control module through a PWM signal control interface, and the PWM signal control interface is connected with the adjusting pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator through a voltage stabilizing circuit.

Further, the charging voltage-sharing control module comprises a high-end battery charging bypass circuit and a low-end battery charging bypass circuit, and the high-end control signal and the low-end control signal of the MCU control module are respectively received;

the input end of the high-end battery charging bypass circuit is connected with the charging current-sharing control module, the first output end of the high-end battery charging bypass circuit is connected with the high-end battery pack in series, and the second output end of the high-end battery charging bypass circuit is connected with the input end of the low-end battery charging bypass circuit; and the output end of the low-end battery charging bypass circuit is connected with the series low-end battery pack.

Further, the battery voltage detection module comprises a series battery total voltage detection module and a series low-end battery voltage detection module; the series battery total voltage detection module is connected with the series high-end battery pack, and the series low-end battery voltage detection module is connected with the series low-end battery pack.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model provides a battery charging management circuit through simple and easy voltage-sharing and the modular circuit that flow equalizes, has realized charging circuit's modularization management mode. The circuit can adapt to the charging of over-discharge batteries, and solves the voltage-sharing and current-sharing problems when the series, parallel or series-parallel battery pack is charged.

The circuit can monitor and manage the charging of more batteries in real time, and improves the convenience of battery pack capacity expansion. For the overdischarge problem of the battery, the circuit can charge the overdischarged battery with normal constant current, and the abnormal or burning of the charging circuit can not be caused. Furthermore, the utility model discloses a PWM signal control three terminal voltage stabilizing circuit's that the current equalizing control module that charges adopted output voltage combines the design of isolation diode, keeps apart charging voltage and battery voltage, is convenient for adjust the charging current size, can also realize trickle charge or the replenishment charging function of timing nature after the battery is full of the electricity. The charging current-sharing control module adopts a three-terminal voltage regulator chip with adjustable output voltage to combine with a three-terminal voltage regulator circuit, so that the safety range of the output voltage is expanded, and meanwhile, an inductance device which easily causes circuit faults is avoided to be used, and the charging management of an over-discharged battery can be adapted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a connection block diagram of a battery charging management circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a connection block diagram of a second battery charging management circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a connection block diagram of the charging current equalizing control module of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the charging current-sharing control module of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a block diagram of the charging voltage-sharing control module, the storage battery module and the battery voltage detection module of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the charging voltage-sharing control module, the storage battery module and the battery voltage detection module of the present invention;

fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the MCU control module of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail by the following embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes are omitted so as to not unnecessarily limit the invention.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a single charging management module circuit of a battery charging management circuit, and fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the single charging management module, including:

the input direct current power supply 101 supplies power to the storage battery module 104 through the charging voltage-sharing control module 102 and the charging voltage-sharing control module 103 in sequence, and the input direct current power supply 101 supplies power to the MCU control module 106 through the MCU power supply module 105; the MCU control module 106 outputs control signals to the charge voltage equalizing control module 102 and the charge voltage equalizing control module 103, respectively, and the battery module 104 feeds back real-time voltage to the MCU control module 106 through the battery voltage detection module 107.

The battery module 104 includes a plurality of series-connected batteries, which are divided into a series high-end battery pack and a series low-end battery pack connected in series for embodiments containing multiple batteries.

As shown in fig. 3, the charging and voltage-sharing control module 102 includes a three-terminal voltage regulator with adjustable output voltage, an input pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator is connected to the input dc power supply 101, and an output pin is connected to the charging and voltage-sharing control module 103 through the constant current setting circuit 108 and the isolation diode; the control signal of the MCU control module 106 is connected to the charge current-sharing control module 102 through a PWM signal control interface, which is connected to the regulation pin of the three-terminal regulator through a voltage regulator 109.

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the charging and voltage-sharing control module, where US1 is the three-terminal voltage regulator (such as LM317) with adjustable output voltage, a Vin pin is connected to an input dc power supply, a Vout pin is connected to the charging and voltage-sharing control module through a resistor RS2, a resistor RS3 and an isolation diode DS2, and RS2 and RS3 form the constant current setting circuit 108 for setting a reference constant current value of the charging current.

An ADJ adjusting pin of the US1 is connected with a voltage stabilizing circuit 109, resistors RS4, RS5, RS7, RS8 and a three-terminal voltage stabilizing chip US3 (such as TL431) jointly form the voltage stabilizing circuit 109, one path of the adjusting pin is connected with a K end of the S, the other path of the adjusting pin is connected with one end of a resistor RS4, the other end of the resistor RS4 is connected with a resistor RS5, the first path of the other end of the resistor RS5 is connected with a cathode of a diode DS5, the second path of the adjusting pin is grounded through a resistor RS8, the third path of the adjusting pin is grounded through a resistor RS7, the fourth path of the adjusting pin is connected with an R end of the US3, an A end of the US.

The voltage stabilizing circuit can set the maximum charging voltage value; in the charging process, the voltage stabilizing circuit is linked with US1 to form a battery voltage follower, so that US1 realizes the function of adjusting output voltage; the charging management system can effectively charge and manage the over-discharged low-voltage battery, and improves the safety and reliability of the over-discharged battery during charging because no inductance device is needed.

The BAT-ON control interface is a PWM signal control interface, when high level input is carried out, the charging voltage is reduced to be lower than the battery voltage, and at the moment, the isolation diode DS2 is cut off in the reverse direction, so that the charging state is stopped; when the interface inputs square wave PWM signals with different duty ratios, the interface can be used for adjusting the magnitude of the charging current; based on the mechanism of adjusting the charging current, the current-sharing control of the parallel battery pack can be more accurately realized by combining the lumped control of the single chip microcomputer; the charging working state can be switched off and the battery can be trickle charged at regular time under the programmed control of the single chip microcomputer, so that the service life of the battery is prolonged; the charging current sharing control module not only realizes current sharing control during charging, but also improves the adaptability of over-discharge battery charging management and the accuracy of fault detection.

As shown in fig. 5, the charge equalization control module 103 includes a high-side battery charge bypass circuit 110 and a low-side battery charge bypass circuit 111, which respectively receive the high-side control signal and the low-side control signal of the MCU control module 106.

The input end of the high-end battery charging bypass circuit 110 is connected with the charging current-sharing control module 102, the first output end of the high-end battery charging bypass circuit is connected with the series high-end battery pack of the storage battery module 104, and the second output end of the high-end battery charging bypass circuit is connected with the input end of the low-end battery charging bypass circuit 111; the output of the low-side battery charge bypass circuit 111 is connected to the series low-side battery bank of the battery module 104.

The battery voltage detection module 107 comprises a series battery total voltage detection module and a series low-end battery voltage detection module; the series battery total voltage detection module is connected with the series high-end battery pack, and the series low-end battery voltage detection module is connected with the series low-end battery pack.

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the charging voltage-sharing control module and the storage battery module, wherein resistors RM1, RM2, RM3, RM4, RM5 and the transistors QM1 and QM3 together form a high-end battery charging bypass circuit 110, a first path of one end of a resistor RM3 is connected to a negative electrode of the isolation diode DS2, a second path is connected to an E electrode of the transistor QM3, a third path is connected to an anode of the high-end battery pack BAT1 in series, a first path of the other end of the resistor RM3 is connected to a C electrode of the transistor QM1 through a resistor RM4, the other path is connected to a B electrode of the transistor QM3, the E electrode of the transistor QM1 is grounded, the B electrode of the transistor RM2 is grounded, and the other path receives a high-end control signal BAT-UP through.

Resistors RM6, RM7, RM8 and transistor QM2 together form a low-side battery charge bypass circuit 111. The C pole of a triode QM3 of the high-end battery charging bypass circuit 110 is connected with one end of a resistor RM5, the first path of the other end is connected with the negative pole of a high-end battery BAT1 in series, the second path is connected with the positive pole of a low-end battery BAT2 in series, the third path is connected with the D pole of an N-MOS transistor QM4, the fourth path is connected with the C pole of a triode QM2 through a resistor RM6, the E pole of the QM2 is grounded, the B pole is grounded through a resistor RM8, and the other path receives a low-end control signal BAT-DOWN through a resistor RM 7.

The negative electrode of the series low-end battery pack BAT2 is grounded, the G pole of the N-MOS tube QM4 is connected with a VDC signal, the S pole of the series low-end battery pack BAT2 is connected with one end of a resistor RM9, the first path of the other end of the RM9 is grounded through a resistor RM10, the second path is grounded through a capacitor CM10, and the third path is connected with a BAT-SINGER signal.

After the MCU performs operation processing on signals provided by the serial battery total voltage detection module and the serial low-end battery voltage detection module, if the voltage of the serial high-end battery pack reaches the set battery voltage upper limit value, the MCU sends a high-level signal to the BAT-UP control interface, so that QM1 and QM3 are conducted, and RM5 has a bypass effect on the serial high-end battery pack BAT 1. The charging current now continues to charge the series low-end battery BAT2 alone via QM3, RM 5.

When the single chip microcomputer receives a signal provided by the low-end battery voltage detection module, if the voltage of the series low-end battery pack reaches the set upper limit value of the battery voltage, the MCU sends a high-level signal to the BAT-DOWN control interface, so that the QM2 is conducted, and the RM6 has a bypass effect on the series low-end battery pack BAT 2. At this point the charging current flows through BAT1, RM6, and QM2 to ground, enabling the series high-side battery BAT1 to continue to be charged alone.

The charging voltage-sharing control module not only realizes voltage-sharing control during charging, but also can prevent the occurrence of the phenomenon of battery overcharge.

Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the MCU control module of the present invention, the MCU model can be selected as ES7P003 FGTF. One path of the pin 1 is grounded through a capacitor CM3, and the other path is connected with a resistor RM 18; the pin 5 is connected with the BAT-SINGER end; the pin 6 is connected with a VBAT-IN end; pin 7 is connected to ground, pin 9 is connected to VCC terminal, pin 15 is connected to BAT-ON terminal, pin 16 is connected to BAT-UP terminal, and pin 17 is connected to BAT-DOWN terminal.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a battery charging management circuit of a plurality of charging management modules. As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the number of the charge equalization control module, the number of the storage battery module, and the number of the battery voltage detection module are N, and the charge equalization control module, the storage battery module, and the battery voltage detection module are respectively and correspondingly connected, so that a modular management mode of the charging circuit is realized. The capacity of the battery pack is expanded to realize a modular splicing mode. Each storage battery module comprises a plurality of storage batteries connected in series, and the voltage-sharing and current-sharing problems of the battery pack connected in series, in parallel or in series-parallel connection during charging are solved by adjusting the number of the storage battery modules and the number of the storage batteries in the storage battery modules.

The number of the MCU control modules and the number of the MCU power supply modules are M, and the number of the pins can be set according to the actual use number of the MCU.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Various modifications and alterations will occur to those skilled in the art based on the foregoing description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. On the basis of the technical scheme of the utility model, various modifications or deformations that technical personnel in the field need not pay out creative work and can make still are within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A battery charge management circuit, comprising: the input direct current power supply supplies power to the storage battery module through the charging voltage-sharing control module and the charging voltage-sharing control module in sequence, and the input direct current power supply supplies power to the MCU control module through the MCU power supply module; the MCU control module outputs control signals to the charging voltage-sharing control module and the charging voltage-sharing control module respectively, and the storage battery module feeds back real-time voltage to the MCU control module through the battery voltage detection module.

2. The battery charge management circuit of claim 1, wherein the battery module comprises a plurality of batteries connected in series.

3. The battery charge management circuit of claim 2, wherein the secondary battery is divided into a series high-side battery pack and a series low-side battery pack connected in series.

4. The battery charging management circuit according to claim 3, wherein the battery charging management circuit comprises a plurality of groups of charging voltage equalizing control modules, storage battery modules and battery voltage detecting modules which are correspondingly connected.

5. The battery charging management circuit according to claim 4, wherein the charging current-sharing control module comprises a three-terminal voltage regulator with adjustable output voltage, an input pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator is connected with an input direct-current power supply, and an output pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator is connected with the charging voltage-sharing control module through a constant current setting circuit and an isolation diode; the control signal of the MCU control module is connected with the charging current-sharing control module through a PWM signal control interface, and the PWM signal control interface is connected with the adjusting pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator through a voltage stabilizing circuit.

6. The battery charging management circuit according to claim 4, wherein the charging voltage equalizing control module comprises a high-side battery charging bypass circuit and a low-side battery charging bypass circuit, which respectively receive the high-side control signal and the low-side control signal of the MCU control module;

7. The battery charge management circuit according to claim 4, wherein the battery voltage detection module comprises a total voltage detection module of series connected batteries and a voltage detection module of series connected low-side batteries; the series battery total voltage detection module is connected with the series high-end battery pack, and the series low-end battery voltage detection module is connected with the series low-end battery pack.