CN116086874A - Ground multilayer sampling system based on earthwork volume calculation - Google Patents
Ground multilayer sampling system based on earthwork volume calculation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116086874A CN116086874A CN202310384952.7A CN202310384952A CN116086874A CN 116086874 A CN116086874 A CN 116086874A CN 202310384952 A CN202310384952 A CN 202310384952A CN 116086874 A CN116086874 A CN 116086874A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a ground multilayer sampling system based on soil volume calculation, which comprises a cover cylinder, a first motor, a drill bit, a hollow rod, a soil sample cylinder, a collecting seat, an air extracting pump, a second motor, a gear, a compression block, a straight tooth push rod and a ventilation filter plate; the motor is used for driving the main shaft to rotate, driving the drill bit to drill downwards, driving the cover cylinder to penetrate into a soil layer, stirring soil at the bottom of a drill hole when the drill bit drills, pumping air in the compression cavity by the air pump to generate negative pressure, pumping crushed soil at the bottom of the drill hole into the compression cavity, driving the gear to rotate, driving the straight tooth push rod meshed with the gear to slide into the compression cavity, pushing the compression block to slide into the soil sample cylinder, pushing crushed soil in the compression cavity into the soil sample cylinder, and compacting the drilled soil layer by layer in the soil sample cylinder to form soil sample columns of different soil layers, so that the probability of mixing soil of different soil layers is reduced, and the accuracy of soil sampling is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and particularly relates to a ground multilayer sampling system based on earth volume calculation.
Background
The texture of the soil has important influence on the fields of agriculture, industry and the like, so that the soil is extremely important to detection, and meanwhile, the soil change condition of different soil layers is known; when the soil is detected and researched, firstly, a soil sample needs to be collected, and the accuracy of the soil sample collection directly relates to the accuracy of the soil detection.
Soil collection is mainly divided into surface soil collection and deep soil collection; the surface soil collection can be carried out by only using a cutting ring or a Luoyang shovel; when deep soil is collected, a soil collecting drilling machine is required to be used for drilling and sampling, the sampling head is vertically inserted into soil, the soil is pressed into the sampling head by downward extrusion, rotation and other actions, and then the soil sample is pulled out of the soil layer through upward lifting, rotation and other reaction actions, so that the soil sample is separated, and the sampling is completed.
When the existing soil collecting drilling machine collects the soil of different soil layers, the soil collecting drilling machine needs to lift for many times, so that the time required by sampling is increased, the efficiency of soil collection is reduced, the collected soil of different soil layers is easy to mix together, the accuracy of a soil sample is reduced, and the accuracy of soil sample detection is affected.
Therefore, the invention provides a ground multi-layer sampling system based on earth volume calculation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem presented in the background art is solved.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a ground multilayer sampling system based on earth volume calculation, which comprises a cover cylinder, a bracket, a box body, a first motor, a main shaft, a drill bit, a hollow rod, an earth sample cylinder and an extraction compression assembly, wherein the cover cylinder is arranged on the bracket; a bracket is fixedly connected in the cover cylinder, and the outer edge of the bracket is of a hollowed-out structure; the top surface bolt of support has the box, the inside rigid coupling of box has a motor, the pivot of motor is rotated and is run through box and support, the pivot lower extreme of motor is fixed firmly the main shaft, the lower extreme of main shaft is fixed firmly the drill bit, the top screw thread of cover section of thick bamboo is installed hollow pole, the inner circle of hollow pole communicates the inside of cover section of thick bamboo, a plurality of hollow pole end to end threaded connection, the top hollow pole the top pipeline intercommunication extraction compression subassembly, the internally mounted of extraction compression subassembly has a soil sample section of thick bamboo; when a deep soil sample needs to be collected, arranging a sampling system at a sampling position, sequentially connecting a hollow rod through threads, connecting the hollow rod to the top of a cover cylinder, communicating the top of the hollow rod with an extraction compression assembly through a pipeline, driving a main shaft to rotate by a first motor, driving a drill bit to drill downwards, driving the cover cylinder to penetrate into a soil layer, stirring soil at the bottom of a drill hole when the drill bit drills, stopping rotating by the first motor when the drill bit drills to a set fixed depth, and driving the drill bit to stop drilling; simultaneously, negative pressure suction generated by the extraction and compression assembly sucks crushed soil at the bottom of the drill hole into the cover cylinder, and then the crushed soil enters the extraction and compression assembly through the hollow rod and is compressed into the soil sample cylinder; the drill bit drills soil layer by layer in soil, and the drilled soil is compressed layer by layer in the soil sample cylinder to form soil sample columns of different soil layers, so that the probability of soil mixing of different soil layers is reduced, and the accuracy of soil sampling is improved.
Preferably, the extraction compression assembly comprises a bottom plate, a collecting seat, an air pump, a second motor, a gear, a compression block, a straight tooth push rod and a ventilation filter plate; the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a collecting seat, the middle part of the collecting seat is provided with a compression cavity, one side of the collecting seat is provided with a soil sample cylinder, the diameter of an inner ring of the soil sample cylinder is the same as that of the inner ring of the compression cavity, the inner ring of the soil sample cylinder is coincided with that of the compression cavity, a bottom groove of the compression cavity is fixedly connected with a ventilation filter plate, one side of the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with an air suction pump, an air inlet end of the air suction pump is communicated with the bottom groove of the compression cavity, a top end pipeline of the compression cavity is communicated with the inner ring of a hollow rod, the other side of the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a second motor, the outer ring of a rotating shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected with a gear, a compression block is slidably arranged in the compression cavity, one side of the compression block far away from the soil sample cylinder is fixedly connected with a straight tooth push rod, the bottom surface of the straight tooth push rod is meshed with the gear, the top of the straight tooth push rod is a semicircular arc plate, the bottom of the straight tooth push rod is provided with a straight tooth slot; the straight tooth push rod is arranged to be in a shape that the top is a semicircular arc plate and the bottom is a straight plate, so that the compression block can be pushed to slide to compress crushed soil, meanwhile, the semicircular arc plate slides along the top of the compression cavity to block the top of the compression cavity, and the problem that the crushed soil falls off when the compression block is compressed to cause inaccuracy in soil sample collection is reduced; when the compression block compresses, the compression block pushes the top surface of the air-permeable filter plate to carry out sliding cleaning, so that the probability of blocking the air-permeable filter plate by soil is reduced; during working, the drill bit stirs the soil at the bottom of the drill hole, at the moment, the air in the compression cavity is pumped out by the air pump to generate negative pressure, the crushed soil at the bottom of the drill hole is pumped into the compression cavity through the cover cylinder and the hollow rod under the condition of negative pressure, after the drill bit stops drilling, the air pump continues to pump air until no crushed soil enters the compression cavity, the second motor drives the gear to rotate, the straight tooth push rod meshed with the gear is driven to slide into the compression cavity, the compression block is pushed to slide into the soil sample cylinder, the crushed soil in the compression cavity is pushed into the soil sample cylinder, and the crushed soil is compressed into a column shape; the crushed soil is compressed into the soil sample column through the extraction compression assembly, so that the sampled soil can keep the distribution of different soil layers, and the staff can accurately study the different soil layers in the later period.
Preferably, a supporting table is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side, close to the soil sample cylinder, of the collecting seat, the top surface of the supporting table is in sliding fit with the outer wall of the soil sample cylinder, a sliding groove is formed in the middle of one side, close to the soil sample cylinder, of the bottom plate, a fixed clamping plate is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, the middle of the fixed clamping plate is in sliding fit with the end face of the soil sample cylinder, a screw is rotatably arranged in the middle of the sliding groove, one end of the screw penetrates through the outer wall of the sliding groove, the screw penetrates through the fixed clamping plate in a sliding mode, and the screw is in threaded fit with the fixed clamping plate; before the during operation, carry out soil collection, place the top surface of saddle with the soil sample section of thick bamboo for the inner circle of soil sample section of thick bamboo coincides with the inner circle of compression chamber, rotates the screw rod, and drive fixed splint slides along the spout, makes the terminal surface of fixed splint contact extrusion soil sample section of thick bamboo, with the fixed centre gripping of soil sample section of thick bamboo, treat the inside soil sample post of soil sample section of thick bamboo and gather the back, take out the soil sample section of thick bamboo, and seal the both ends of soil sample section of thick bamboo all, simultaneously, the soil sample section of thick bamboo of renewing, thereby be convenient for the staff change soil sample section of thick bamboo, the soil sample of different soil layers of being convenient for then gathers.
Preferably, a tripod is arranged on the outer side of the hollow rod at the top, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the tripod, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the top of the tripod in a sliding mode, a pressing seat is fixedly connected to the lower end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the bottom surface of the pressing seat is in sliding fit with the top end of the hollow rod, a round hole is formed in the pressing seat, the lower end of the round hole is communicated with the inner ring of the hollow rod, and a top end pipeline of the round hole is communicated with the compression cavity; when the drilling machine works, after the tripod is arranged at a sampling position, a section of hollow rod is installed on the top of the cover cylinder in a threaded manner, then the top end of the hollow rod is attached to the bottom surface of the pressing seat, so that the inner ring of the hollow rod is communicated with the bottom of the round hole, the top end of the round hole is communicated with the compression cavity through the pipeline, the drill bit drills downwards, and meanwhile, the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hollow rod downwards to apply downward pushing to the cover cylinder, so that the drilling efficiency of the drill bit is improved; meanwhile, the vertical degree of downward drilling of the drill bit is controlled by utilizing the hollow rod and the tripod, so that the probability of deviation of the drill bit during drilling is reduced.
Preferably, the inner wall of the bottom surface of the pressing seat is fixedly connected with a plurality of annular sealing sheets, the inner rings of the annular sealing sheets are in sliding fit with the outer rings of the top ends of the hollow rods, the inner rings of the hollow rods at the top are slidably provided with rubber rings, and the bottoms of the rubber rings are embedded with a plurality of magnets; the annular sealing piece seals between the bottom of the pressing seat and the top of the hollow rod, so that the sealing performance is improved, and the effectiveness of crushing soil extraction is improved; when the crushed soil enters the round holes through the hollow rods, the crushed soil can remain at the screw thread at the tops of the hollow rods, so that the connection and fixation between the hollow rods are affected; the rubber ring is fixed to the inner ring of the hollow rod through the magnetic force of the magnet, and the threads of the inner ring of the hollow rod are blocked and isolated, so that the probability that crushed soil remains at the threads on the top of the hollow rod is reduced.
Preferably, a fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the middle part of the main shaft, a plurality of groups of crushing cutters are uniformly and fixedly connected to the outer ring of the fixed cylinder, each group of crushing cutters are distributed in a staggered manner, and sawteeth are arranged on two sides of each crushing cutter; during operation, the motor I drives the main shaft to rotate, and when the drill bit is driven to downwards drill, the main shaft drives the fixed barrel to rotate and drives the multiple groups of crushing cutters to rotate, so that crushed soil is further crushed, the blockage of a channel caused by larger soil blocks is reduced, and the efficiency and fluency of soil suction and collection are improved.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the cover cylinder is provided with a plurality of notches, the outer wall of the cover cylinder is provided with a plurality of air grooves in a surrounding mode, the air grooves correspond to the notches, and the lower ends of the air grooves are communicated with the notches; through the notch and the air groove, air above the cover cylinder enters the bottom of the cover cylinder along the air groove and the notch, so that the fluidity of the air at the bottom of the cover cylinder is improved, and the effectiveness of extraction of crushed soil is improved; the air groove is formed, so that the contact area between the outer wall of the cover cylinder and the inside of the drilled hole is reduced, the suction force between the cover cylinder and the inner wall of the drilled hole is reduced, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the outer ring at the top of the drill bit is uniformly provided with a plurality of through grooves, and the top of each through groove is obliquely arranged towards the center of the main shaft; through the logical groove of seting up for broken soil that produces when the drill bit drills into gathers together along leading to the middle part of groove to the cover section of thick bamboo, thereby improved the inside efficiency of soil entering cover section of thick bamboo, improved broken soil and absorbed efficiency.
Preferably, an elastic ring piece is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the top of the cover cylinder, and the diameter of the elastic ring piece is larger than that of the outer ring of the cover cylinder; after the cover section of thick bamboo gets into the soil layer, the outer lane of elastic ring piece receives the blocking of drilling inner wall, upwards turns over the bending, and when cover section of thick bamboo downwardly moving, drives the elastic ring piece and slides along the drilling inner wall, with the drilling inner wall mill, has reduced the probability that the drilling inner wall takes place to collapse, simultaneously, the elastic ring piece stops the falling soil that drops, has reduced the influence of falling soil to soil collection.
Preferably, the sealing covers are arranged at the two ends of the soil sample cylinder in a threaded manner, an operation plane is arranged on the outer wall of the soil sample cylinder, the operation plane can write, scales are arranged at the two sides of the operation plane, a plurality of sampling holes are uniformly formed in the middle of the operation plane, and sealing plugs are arranged in the internal threads of the sampling holes; when the soil column sampling device is used, after the soil column sampling of the soil sample cylinder is completed, the soil sample cylinder is taken out, two ends of the soil sample cylinder are sealed by the sealing covers, the sampled soil layer depth is marked on an operation plane, when a follow-up worker needs to study, the sealing plug with the corresponding depth is taken out from the inside of the sampling hole, and the soil sample with the corresponding depth can be extracted, so that the research work of the worker is facilitated, and meanwhile, the soil sample of other soil layers in the same soil sample cylinder is not influenced.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention relates to a ground multilayer sampling system based on earth volume calculation, which is characterized by comprising a cover cylinder, a first motor, a drill bit, a hollow rod, a soil sample cylinder, a collecting seat, an air pump, a second motor, a gear, a compression block, a straight tooth push rod and a ventilation filter plate; the first motor drives the main shaft to rotate, drives the drill bit to drill downwards, drives the cover cylinder to extend into a soil layer, and when the drill bit drills, stirs soil at the bottom of a drilled hole, and when the drill bit drills to a set fixed depth, the first motor stops rotating to drive the drill bit to stop drilling; at this time, the air in the compression cavity is pumped out by the air pump to generate negative pressure, the crushed soil at the bottom of the drilling hole is pumped into the compression cavity through the cover cylinder and the hollow rod under the condition of negative pressure, after the drilling bit stops drilling, the air pump continues to pump air until no crushed soil enters the compression cavity, the motor II drives the gear to rotate, the straight tooth push rod meshed with the gear is driven to slide into the compression cavity, the compression block is pushed to slide into the soil sample cylinder, the crushed soil in the compression cavity is pushed into the soil sample cylinder, and the crushed soil is compressed into a column shape; the drill bit drills soil layer by layer in soil, and the drilled soil is compressed layer by layer in the soil sample cylinder to form soil sample columns of different soil layers, so that the probability of soil mixing of different soil layers is reduced, and the accuracy of soil sampling is improved.
2. The ground multilayer sampling system based on earth volume calculation is characterized in that a tripod, a hydraulic cylinder and a pressing seat are arranged; after the tripod is arranged at the sampling position, a section of hollow rod is installed on the top of the cover cylinder in a threaded manner, then the top end of the hollow rod is attached to the bottom surface of the pressing seat, so that the inner ring of the hollow rod is communicated with the bottom of the round hole, the top end of the round hole is communicated with the compression cavity by using a pipeline, the drill bit drills downwards, and meanwhile, the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hollow rod downwards to apply downward pushing to the cover cylinder, so that the drilling efficiency of the drill bit is improved; meanwhile, the vertical degree of downward drilling of the drill bit is controlled by utilizing the hollow rod and the tripod, so that the probability of deviation of the drill bit during drilling is reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-section of a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at C;
FIG. 6 is a view showing an internal structure of a casing in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a straight-tooth putter in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a shield can according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a drill bit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a crushing blade in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a soil sample cartridge according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a cover cylinder; 2. a bracket; 3. a case; 4. a motor I; 5. a main shaft; 6. a drill bit; 7. a hollow rod; 8. a soil sample cylinder; 9. a bottom plate; 10. a collection seat; 11. an air extracting pump; 12. a motor II; 13. a gear; 14. a compression block; 15. straight tooth push rod; 16. a gas-permeable filter plate; 17. a compression chamber; 18. a support; 19. a chute; 20. a fixed clamping plate; 21. a screw; 22. a tripod; 23. a hydraulic cylinder; 24. pressing a base; 25. a round hole; 26. an annular sealing sheet; 27. a rubber ring; 28. a magnet; 29. a fixed cylinder; 30. a crushing knife; 31. a notch; 32. an air tank; 33. a through groove; 34. an elastic ring piece; 35. sealing cover; 36. an operation plane; 37. a scale; 38. a sampling hole; 39. and (5) sealing plugs.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 6 and fig. 7, the ground multi-layer sampling system based on earth volume calculation according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a cover cylinder 1, a bracket 2, a box 3, a first motor 4, a main shaft 5, a drill bit 6, a hollow rod 7, an earth sample cylinder 8 and an extraction compression assembly; a bracket 2 is fixedly connected in the cover cylinder 1, and the outer edge of the bracket 2 is of a hollowed-out structure; the top surface bolt of support 2 has box 3, the inside rigid coupling of box 3 has motor No. 4, motor No. 4's pivot rotates and runs through box 3 and support 2, motor No. 4's pivot lower extreme rigid coupling has main shaft 5, the lower extreme of main shaft 5 has fixedly connected with drill bit 6, the top screw thread of cover section of thick bamboo 1 installs hollow rod 7, the inside of the inner circle intercommunication cover section of thick bamboo 1 of hollow rod 7, a plurality of hollow rod 7 head and tail threaded connection, top hollow rod 7's top pipeline intercommunication extraction compression subassembly, extraction compression subassembly's internally mounted has soil sample section of thick bamboo 8; when a deep soil sample needs to be collected, arranging a sampling system at a sampling position, sequentially connecting a hollow rod 7 through threads, connecting the hollow rod 7 to the top of a cover cylinder 1, communicating the top of the hollow rod 7 with an extraction compression assembly by using a pipeline, driving a spindle 5 to rotate by a motor No. 4, driving a drill bit 6 to drill downwards, driving the cover cylinder 1 to be deep into the soil, stirring soil at the bottom of a drilled hole when the drill bit 6 drills, stopping rotating by the motor No. 4 when the drill bit 6 drills to a set fixed depth, and driving the drill bit 6 to stop drilling; meanwhile, negative pressure suction generated by the compression assembly is extracted, crushed soil at the bottom of the drill hole is sucked into the cover cylinder 1, and crushed soil enters a gap between the cover cylinder 1 and the box body 3 through the hollow part of the outer ring of the support 2, and the diameter of the hollow part of the outer ring of the support 2 is far greater than that of the crushed soil, so that the probability of blockage is effectively reduced; crushed soil enters the extraction compression assembly through the hollow rod 7, and the crushed soil is compressed into the soil sample cylinder 8; the drill bit 6 drills soil layer by layer in the soil, and the drilled soil is compressed layer by layer in the soil sample cylinder 8 to form soil sample columns of different soil layers, so that the probability of mixing the soil of different soil layers is reduced, and the accuracy of soil sampling is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 7, the pumping and compressing assembly comprises a bottom plate 9, a collecting seat 10, an air pump 11, a motor No. two 12, a gear 13, a compressing block 14, a straight-tooth push rod 15 and a ventilation filter plate 16; the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate 9 is fixedly connected with a collecting seat 10, the middle part of the collecting seat 10 is provided with a compression cavity 17, one side of the collecting seat 10 is provided with a soil sample cylinder 8, the diameter of the inner ring of the soil sample cylinder 8 is the same as that of the inner ring of the compression cavity 17, the inner ring of the soil sample cylinder 8 is overlapped with that of the compression cavity 17, a bottom groove of the compression cavity 17 is fixedly connected with a ventilation filter plate 16, one side of the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate 9 is fixedly connected with an air suction pump 11, an air inlet end of the air suction pump 11 is communicated with the bottom groove of the compression cavity 17, a top end pipeline of the compression cavity 17 is communicated with the inner ring of a hollow rod 7, the other side of the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate 9 is fixedly connected with a motor No. two 12, a gear 13 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft outer ring of the motor No. 12, a compression block 14 is slidingly arranged in the compression cavity 17, one side of the compression block 14, which is far away from the soil sample cylinder 8, the bottom surface of the straight tooth push rod 15 is meshed with the gear 13, the top of the straight tooth push rod 15 is a semicircular arc plate, the bottom of the straight tooth plate 15 is provided with the straight tooth groove bottom; by arranging the straight tooth push rod 15 into a shape that the top is a semicircular arc plate and the bottom is a straight plate, the compression block 14 can be pushed to slide to compress crushed soil, meanwhile, the semicircular arc plate slides along the top of the compression cavity 17 to block the top of the compression cavity 17, so that the problem that the crushed soil falls off when the compression block 14 is compressed, and the soil sample collection is inaccurate is solved; when the compression block 14 compresses, the compression block 14 pushes the top surface of the air-permeable filter plate 16 to carry out sliding cleaning, so that the probability of blocking the air-permeable filter plate 16 by soil is reduced; during operation, the drill bit 6 stirs the soil at the bottom of the drill hole, at this moment, the air in the compression cavity 17 is pumped out by the air pump 11 to generate negative pressure, the crushed soil at the bottom of the drill hole is pumped into the compression cavity 17 through the cover cylinder 1 and the hollow rod 7 under the condition of negative pressure, after the drill bit 6 stops drilling, the air pump 11 continues to pump air until no crushed soil enters the compression cavity 17, the second motor 12 drives the gear 13 to rotate, the straight-tooth push rod 15 meshed with the gear is driven to slide into the compression cavity 17, the compression block 14 is pushed to slide into the soil sample cylinder 8, the crushed soil in the compression cavity 17 is pushed into the soil sample cylinder 8, and the crushed soil is compressed into a column shape; the crushed soil is compressed into the soil sample column through the extraction compression assembly, so that the sampled soil can keep the distribution of different soil layers, and the staff can accurately study the different soil layers in the later period.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 7, a supporting table 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side, close to the soil sample barrel 8, of the collecting seat 10, the top surface of the supporting table 18 is in sliding fit with the outer wall of the soil sample barrel 8, a sliding groove 19 is formed in the middle of one side, close to the soil sample barrel 8, of the bottom plate 9, a fixed clamping plate 20 is slidably mounted in the sliding groove 19, the middle of the fixed clamping plate 20 is in sliding fit with the end face of the soil sample barrel 8, a screw 21 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the sliding groove 19, one end of the screw 21 penetrates through the outer wall of the sliding groove 19, the screw 21 penetrates through the fixed clamping plate 20 in a sliding manner, and the screw 21 is in threaded fit with the fixed clamping plate 20; before the soil collection is carried out, the soil sample barrel 8 is placed on the top surface of the supporting table 18, the inner ring of the soil sample barrel 8 is overlapped with the inner ring of the compression cavity 17, the screw rod 21 is rotated, the fixed clamping plate 20 is driven to slide along the sliding groove 19, the fixed clamping plate 20 is enabled to contact and extrude the end surface of the soil sample barrel 8, the soil sample barrel 8 is fixedly clamped, after the soil sample column inside the soil sample barrel 8 is collected, the soil sample barrel 8 is taken out, both ends of the soil sample barrel 8 are sealed, meanwhile, the new soil sample barrel 8 is replaced, and therefore workers are convenient to replace the soil sample barrel 8, and then soil samples of different soil layers are convenient to collect.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5 and 7, a tripod 22 is arranged on the outer side of the hollow rod 7 at the top, a hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the tripod 22, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 penetrates through the top of the tripod 22 in a sliding manner, a pressing seat 24 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23, the bottom surface of the pressing seat 24 is in sliding fit with the top end of the hollow rod 7, a circular hole 25 is formed in the pressing seat 24, the lower end of the circular hole 25 is communicated with the inner ring of the hollow rod 7, and a top end pipeline of the circular hole 25 is communicated with the compression cavity 17; when the drilling machine works, after the tripod 22 is arranged at a sampling position, a section of hollow rod 7 is installed on the top of the cover cylinder 1 in a threaded manner, then the top end of the hollow rod 7 is attached to the bottom surface of the pressing seat 24, so that the inner ring of the hollow rod 7 is communicated with the bottom of the round hole 25, the top end of the round hole 25 is communicated with the compression cavity 17 through a pipeline, the drill bit 6 drills downwards, and meanwhile, the hydraulic cylinder 23 pushes the hollow rod 7 downwards to push the cover cylinder 1 downwards, so that the drilling efficiency of the drill bit 6 is improved; meanwhile, the hollow rod 7 and the tripod 22 are utilized to control the vertical degree of downward drilling of the drill bit 6, so that the probability of deviation of the drill bit 6 during drilling is reduced.
As shown in fig. 5, the inner wall of the bottom surface of the pressing seat 24 is fixedly connected with a plurality of annular sealing sheets 26, the inner ring of the annular sealing sheets 26 is in sliding fit with the outer ring of the top end of the hollow rod 7, the inner ring of the hollow rod 7 at the top is slidably provided with a rubber ring 27, and the bottom of the rubber ring 27 is embedded with a plurality of magnets 28; the annular sealing piece 26 seals the space between the bottom of the pressing seat 24 and the top of the hollow rod 7, so that the sealing performance is improved, and the effectiveness of crushing soil extraction is improved; when the crushed soil passes through the hollow rods 7 and enters the round holes 25, the crushed soil can remain at the screw thread at the top of the hollow rods 7, so that the connection and fixation between the hollow rods 7 are affected; the rubber ring 27 is fixed to the inner ring of the hollow rod 7 by the magnetic force of the magnet 28 to block and isolate the threads of the inner ring of the hollow rod 7, thereby reducing the probability of crushed soil remaining at the threads at the top of the hollow rod 7.
As shown in fig. 3, 7 and 11, a fixed cylinder 29 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the middle part of the main shaft 5, a plurality of groups of crushing cutters 30 are uniformly and fixedly connected to the outer ring of the fixed cylinder 29, each group of crushing cutters 30 are distributed in a staggered manner, and saw teeth are arranged on two sides of each crushing cutter 30; during operation, the motor 4 drives the main shaft 5 to rotate, and when the driving drill bit 6 drills downwards, the main shaft 5 drives the fixed cylinder 29 to rotate and drives the crushing cutters 30 to rotate, so that crushed soil is further crushed, the blockage of a channel caused by larger soil blocks is reduced, and the efficiency and fluency of soil sucking and collecting are improved.
As shown in fig. 9, the bottom surface of the cover cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of slots 31, the outer wall of the cover cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of air grooves 32 in a surrounding manner, the air grooves 32 correspond to the slots 31, and the lower ends of the air grooves 32 are communicated with the slots 31; through the notch 31 and the air groove 32, air above the cover cylinder 1 enters the bottom of the cover cylinder 1 along the air groove 32 and the notch 31, so that the fluidity of the air at the bottom of the cover cylinder 1 is improved, and the effectiveness of crushing soil extraction is improved; the air groove 32 is formed, so that the contact area between the outer wall of the cover cylinder 1 and the inside of the drilled hole is reduced, the suction force between the cover cylinder 1 and the inner wall of the drilled hole is reduced, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 10, a plurality of through grooves 33 are uniformly formed in the outer ring at the top of the drill bit 6, and the top of each through groove 33 is obliquely formed toward the center of the spindle 5; through the through groove 33 that sets up for broken soil that produces when drill bit 6 drills into gathers together along the middle part of through groove 33 towards cover section of thick bamboo 1, thereby has improved the inside efficiency of soil entering cover section of thick bamboo 1, has improved broken soil and has absorbed efficiency.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 9, an elastic ring piece 34 is fixedly connected to the top outer ring of the cover cylinder 1, and the diameter of the elastic ring piece 34 is larger than that of the outer ring of the cover cylinder 1; after the cover cylinder 1 enters the soil layer, the outer ring of the elastic ring piece 34 is blocked by the inner wall of the drill hole, the outer ring is upwards folded and bent, and when the cover cylinder 1 moves downwards, the elastic ring piece 34 is driven to slide along the inner wall of the drill hole, the inner wall of the drill hole is ground flat, the collapse probability of the inner wall of the drill hole is reduced, meanwhile, the elastic ring piece 34 blocks falling soil, and the influence of the falling soil on soil collection is reduced.
Example two
As shown in fig. 12, a comparative example one, in which another embodiment of the present invention is: sealing covers 35 are arranged at two ends of the soil sample cylinder 8 in a threaded manner, an operation plane 36 is arranged on the outer wall of the soil sample cylinder 8, the operation plane 36 can be used for writing, scales 37 are arranged on two sides of the operation plane 36, a plurality of sampling holes 38 are uniformly formed in the middle of the operation plane 36, and sealing plugs 39 are arranged in the internal threads of the sampling holes 38; when the soil column sampling device is operated, after the soil column sampling of the soil sample barrel 8 is completed, the soil sample barrel 8 is taken out, the two ends of the soil sample barrel 8 are sealed by the sealing covers 35, the sampled soil layer depth is marked on the operation plane 36, when a follow-up worker needs to study, the sealing plugs 39 with corresponding depths are taken out from the sampling holes 38, and the soil samples with corresponding depths can be extracted, so that the research work of the worker is facilitated, and meanwhile, the soil samples of other soil layers in the same soil sample barrel 8 are not influenced.
Working principle: before soil collection, placing the soil sample cylinder 8 on the top surface of the supporting table 18, enabling the inner ring of the soil sample cylinder 8 to coincide with the inner ring of the compression cavity 17, rotating the screw 21, driving the fixed clamping plate 20 to slide along the sliding groove 19, enabling the fixed clamping plate 20 to contact and squeeze the end surface of the soil sample cylinder 8, and fixedly clamping the soil sample cylinder 8; after the tripod 22 is arranged at the sampling position, a section of hollow rod 7 is arranged on the top of the cover cylinder 1 in a threaded manner, then the top end of the hollow rod 7 is attached to the bottom surface of the pressing seat 24, so that the inner ring of the hollow rod 7 is communicated with the bottom of the round hole 25, and the top end of the round hole 25 is communicated with the compression cavity 17 by using a pipeline; the first motor 4 drives the main shaft 5 to rotate, drives the drill bit 6 to drill downwards, drives the cover cylinder 1 to be deep into the soil layer, and when the drill bit 6 drills, stirs the soil at the bottom of the drilled hole, meanwhile, the main shaft 5 drives the fixed cylinder 29 to rotate, drives the multiple groups of crushing cutters 30 to rotate, and further crushes the crushed soil; the hydraulic cylinder 23 pushes the hollow rod 7 downwards to push the cover cylinder 1 downwards, and after one section of the hollow rod 7 stretches into the ground, the next section of the hollow rod 7 is connected and installed, so that the efficiency of the rotation of the drill bit 6 is improved;
the aspiration pump 11 is with the inside air of compression chamber 17 to produce the negative pressure, the kibbling soil in drilling bottom is under the condition of negative pressure, kibbling soil is drawn into the inside of compression chamber 17 through cover section of thick bamboo 1 and hollow pole 7, after drill bit 6 stops drilling, aspiration pump 11 continues to bleed, until no kibbling soil gets into compression chamber 17, no. two motor 12 drives gear 13 rotation, the straight tooth push rod 15 of drive and meshing with it slides into compression chamber 17 inside, promote compression piece 14 to slide into the inside of soil sample section of thick bamboo 8, push the inside kibbling soil of compression chamber 17 into the inside of soil sample section of thick bamboo 8, and compress kibbling soil into the column, make the soil of sampling keep the distribution of different soil layers, the staff of being convenient for later stage accurately study to different soil layers.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. Ground multilayer sampling system based on earth volume calculates, its characterized in that: comprises a cover cylinder (1), a bracket (2), a box body (3), a first motor (4), a main shaft (5), a drill bit (6), a hollow rod (7), a soil sample cylinder (8) and an extraction compression assembly; a bracket (2) is fixedly connected inside the cover cylinder (1), and the outer edge of the bracket (2) is of a hollowed-out structure; the top surface bolt of support (2) has box (3), the inside rigid coupling of box (3) has motor (4) No. one, the pivot rotation of motor (4) runs through box (3) and support (2), the pivot lower extreme rigid coupling of motor (4) No. one has main shaft (5), the low end rigid coupling of main shaft (5) has drill bit (6), hollow rod (7) are installed to the top screw thread of cover section of thick bamboo (1), the inside of inner circle intercommunication cover section of thick bamboo (1) of hollow rod (7), a plurality of hollow rod (7) end to end threaded connection, top the top hollow rod (7) top pipeline intercommunication extraction compression subassembly, the internally mounted of extraction compression subassembly has soil sample section of thick bamboo (8).
2. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: the extraction compression assembly comprises a bottom plate (9), a collecting seat (10), an air pump (11), a second motor (12), a gear (13), a compression block (14), a straight-tooth push rod (15) and a ventilation filter plate (16); the utility model discloses a straight-tooth type push rod, including bottom plate (9), compression chamber (17) have been seted up at the top surface middle part rigid coupling of bottom plate (9), compression chamber (17) have been seted up at the middle part of collecting seat (10), soil sample section of thick bamboo (8) are installed to one side of collecting seat (10), the inner circle diameter of soil sample section of thick bamboo (8) is the same with the inner circle diameter of compression chamber (17), and the inner circle coincidence of inner circle and compression chamber (17) of soil sample section of thick bamboo (8), the bottom groove rigid coupling of compression chamber (17) has ventilative filter plate (16), top surface middle part one side rigid coupling of bottom plate (9) has aspiration pump (11), the bottom groove of compression chamber (17) is connected to the inlet end of aspiration pump (11), the top pipeline of compression chamber (17) communicates the inner circle of hollow rod (7), the top surface middle part opposite side rigid coupling of bottom plate (9) has motor No. 12, the pivot outer ring rigid coupling of No. motor (12) has gear (13), the inside slidable mounting of compression chamber (17) has compression block (14), the compression block (14) is kept away from the bottom groove (8) one side tooth (15), tooth (15) have straight-tooth plate (15) and straight-tooth plate (15) are straight-tooth bottom plate (15) and straight-tooth plate (15) is straight-tooth bottom plate, straight-tooth 15.
3. A ground multi-layer sampling system based on earth volume calculations as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the collecting seat (10) is close to one side bottom rigid coupling of soil sample section of thick bamboo (8) and has saddle (18), the top surface of saddle (18) and the outer wall sliding fit of soil sample section of thick bamboo (8), spout (19) have been seted up at one side middle part of being close to soil sample section of thick bamboo (8) of bottom plate (9), the inside slidable mounting of spout (19) has fixed splint (20), the middle part of fixed splint (20) and the terminal surface sliding fit of soil sample section of thick bamboo (8), screw rod (21) are installed in the middle part rotation of spout (19), the outer wall of spout (19) is run through to the one end of screw rod (21), screw rod (21) slip runs through fixed splint (20), and screw rod (21) and fixed splint (20) screw thread fit.
4. A ground multi-layer sampling system based on earth volume calculations as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the top the outside of hollow pole (7) is provided with tripod (22), the top rigid coupling of tripod (22) has pneumatic cylinder (23), the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder (23) slides and runs through the top of tripod (22), the piston rod lower extreme rigid coupling of pneumatic cylinder (23) has pressure seat (24), the bottom surface of pressure seat (24) and the top sliding fit of hollow pole (7), round hole (25) are seted up to the inside of pressure seat (24), the inner circle of hollow pole (7) is linked together to the low end of round hole (25), the top pipeline intercommunication compression chamber (17) of round hole (25).
5. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 4, wherein: the inner wall of the bottom surface of the pressing seat (24) is fixedly connected with a plurality of annular sealing sheets (26), the inner ring of the annular sealing sheets (26) is in sliding fit with the outer ring of the top end of the hollow rod (7), the rubber ring (27) is slidably arranged on the inner ring of the hollow rod (7) at the top, and a plurality of magnets (28) are embedded at the bottom of the rubber ring (27).
6. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: the middle part outer lane rigid coupling of main shaft (5) has fixed section of thick bamboo (29), the outer lane of fixed section of thick bamboo (29) evenly rigid coupling has multiunit crushing sword (30), every group crushing sword (30) are the staggered distribution, the both sides of crushing sword (30) all are provided with the sawtooth.
7. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of notches (31) are formed in the bottom surface of the cover cylinder (1), a plurality of air grooves (32) are formed in the outer wall of the cover cylinder (1) in a surrounding mode, the air grooves (32) correspond to the notches (31), and the lower ends of the air grooves (32) are communicated with the notches (31).
8. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: the top outer ring of the drill bit (6) is uniformly provided with a plurality of through grooves (33), and the top of each through groove (33) is obliquely arranged towards the center of the main shaft (5).
9. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: an elastic ring piece (34) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the top of the cover cylinder (1), and the diameter of the elastic ring piece (34) is larger than that of the outer ring of the cover cylinder (1).
10. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: the soil sample tube is characterized in that sealing covers (35) are arranged at two ends of the soil sample tube (8) in a threaded mode, an operation plane (36) is arranged on the outer wall of the soil sample tube (8), the operation plane (36) can write, scales (37) are arranged on two sides of the operation plane (36), a plurality of sampling holes (38) are uniformly formed in the middle of the operation plane (36), and sealing plugs (39) are arranged in the internal threads of the sampling holes (38).
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| CN117085819A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2023-11-21 | 江西源春环保科技有限公司 | Crushing equipment for heavy metal soil extraction |
| CN117168889A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-05 | 江苏爱佳福如土壤修复有限公司 | Soil detection device for ecological restoration |
| CN118067437A (en) * | 2024-04-17 | 2024-05-24 | 江苏鑫翰环境监测科技有限公司 | Soil detection and acquisition device for land restoration |
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