CN116086874A - Ground multilayer sampling system based on earthwork volume calculation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, specifically a ground multi-layer sampling system based on earth volume calculation, including a cover cylinder, a No. Motor, gear, compression block, straight-toothed push rod and air-permeable filter plate; No. 1 motor drives the main shaft to rotate, drives the drill bit to drill downward, and drives the cover cylinder to penetrate deep into the soil layer. When the drill bit drills, the soil at the bottom of the borehole is stirred Crushing, the air pump pumps out the air inside the compression chamber to generate negative pressure, and the crushed soil at the bottom of the borehole is sucked into the compression chamber, and the No. , push the compression block to slide into the soil sample cylinder, push the crushed soil inside the compression chamber into the soil sample cylinder, and the drilled soil is compacted layer by layer in the soil sample cylinder to form soil sample columns of different soil layers , which reduces the probability of soil mixing in different soil layers and improves the accuracy of soil sampling.

Description

A Ground Multilayer Sampling System Based on Earthwork Calculation

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a ground multi-layer sampling system based on earth volume calculation.

Background technique

The texture of soil has an important impact on agriculture, industry and other fields, so the detection of soil is extremely important, and at the same time, in order to understand the soil changes in different soil layers; when testing and studying soil, it is first necessary to collect soil samples, soil samples The accuracy of collection is directly related to the accuracy of soil detection.

Soil collection is mainly divided into surface soil collection and deep soil collection; surface soil collection only needs to use ring cutter or Luoyang shovel for soil collection; deep soil collection requires the use of soil collection drilling rig for drilling and sampling, and the sampling head is inserted vertically In the soil, the soil is pressed into the sampling head by pressing down and turning, and then the soil sample is pulled out of the soil layer by upward lifting, turning and other reactions, and then the soil sample is separated to complete the sampling.

When the existing soil collection drilling rig collects soil in different soil layers, multiple liftings are required, which not only increases the time required for sampling and reduces the efficiency of soil collection, but also the collected soil in different soil layers is easy to mix together, resulting in The accuracy of soil samples is reduced, which affects the accuracy of soil sample detection.

For this reason, the present invention provides a ground multilayer sampling system based on earthwork calculation.

Contents of the invention

In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a ground multi-layer sampling system based on earthwork calculation according to the present invention, including a cover tube, a bracket, a box body, a No. 1 motor, a main shaft, a drill bit, and a hollow rod , soil sample cylinder and extraction and compression assembly; the inside of the cover cylinder is fixedly connected with a bracket, and the outer edge of the bracket is a hollow structure; the top surface of the bracket is bolted with a box, and the inside of the box is fixed with a No. 1 motor, the rotation shaft of the No. 1 motor runs through the box body and the bracket. The lower end of the shaft of the No. 1 motor is fixedly connected with a main shaft, and the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with a drill bit. The top of the cover tube is threaded. There is a hollow rod, the inner ring of the hollow rod communicates with the inside of the cover tube, and the head and tail of the multiple hollow rods are connected with threads, and the top pipe of the hollow rod at the top is connected to the extraction compression assembly, and the extraction compression assembly is installed with soil Sample cylinder; when it is necessary to collect deep soil samples, after the sampling system is arranged at the sampling position, the hollow rods are connected in sequence through threads, and the hollow rods are connected to the top of the cover cylinder, and the pipes are used to connect the top of the hollow rods with the extraction compression Assemblies, the No. 1 motor drives the main shaft to rotate, drives the drill bit to drill downward, and drives the cover tube to penetrate into the soil layer. When the drill bit drills, it breaks up the soil at the bottom of the borehole. The number motor stops rotating, driving the drill bit to stop drilling; at the same time, the negative pressure suction generated by the extraction compression assembly sucks the pulverized soil at the bottom of the drilling hole into the inside of the cover tube, and then enters the extraction compression assembly through the hollow rod, and the pulverized soil is compressed to The inside of the soil sample cylinder; the drill bit drills the soil layer by layer in the soil, and the drilled soil is compacted layer by layer in the soil sample cylinder to form soil sample columns of different soil layers, reducing the probability of soil mixing of different soil layers , improving the accuracy of soil sampling.

Preferably, the extraction and compression assembly includes a bottom plate, a collection seat, an air pump, a motor No. 2, a gear, a compression block, a straight-toothed push rod, and a breathable filter plate; A compression chamber is provided in the middle of the collection base, and a soil sample cylinder is installed on one side of the collection base. The inner ring of the compression chamber coincides, the bottom groove of the compression chamber is fixed with a breathable filter plate, and the middle side of the top surface of the bottom plate is fixed with an air pump, and the air intake end of the air pump is connected to the bottom groove of the compression chamber , the top pipe of the compression chamber communicates with the inner ring of the hollow rod, the other side of the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with No. 2 motor, and the outer ring of the rotating shaft of the No. 2 motor is fixedly connected with a gear. A compression block is slidably installed in the interior of the compression block. A straight-toothed push rod is fixedly connected to the side away from the soil sample cylinder. The bottom surface of the straight-toothed push rod is meshed with the gear. The top of the straight-toothed push rod is half Circular arc plate, the bottom of the straight-toothed push rod is a straight plate, and the bottom of the straight plate is provided with a straight tooth groove; by setting the straight-toothed push rod into a shape with a semicircular arc plate at the top and a straight plate at the bottom, not only can Push the compression block to slide to compress the crushed soil. At the same time, the semicircular arc plate slides along the top of the compression chamber to block the top of the compression chamber, reducing the crushed soil from falling when the compression block is compressed, causing soil samples The collection is inaccurate; when the compression block is compressed, the compression block pushes the top surface of the air-permeable filter plate for sliding cleaning, which reduces the probability of soil clogging the air-permeable filter plate; when working, the drill bit crushes the soil at the bottom of the borehole. At this time, The air pump pumps out the air inside the compression chamber to generate negative pressure. Under the negative pressure, the crushed soil at the bottom of the borehole is sucked into the compression chamber through the cover tube and the hollow rod. After the drill bit stops drilling , the air pump continues to pump air until no crushed soil enters the compression chamber, the No. 2 motor drives the gear to rotate, drives the straight-toothed push rod meshed with it to slide into the compression chamber, pushes the compression block to slide into the soil sample cylinder, and compresses The crushed soil inside the cavity is pushed into the soil sample cylinder, and the crushed soil is compressed into a column; the crushed soil is compressed into a soil sample column by extracting the compression component, so that the sampled soil maintains the distribution of different soil layers, which is convenient for the staff to analyze later. Accurate study of different soil layers.

Preferably, the bottom of one side of the collection seat close to the soil sample cylinder is fixedly connected with a platform, the top surface of the platform is slidingly fitted with the outer wall of the soil sample cylinder, and the middle part of the side of the bottom plate close to the soil sample cylinder is opened There is a chute, and a fixed splint is slidably installed inside the chute, and the middle part of the fixed splint is slidably matched with the end surface of the soil sample cylinder. The middle part of the chute is rotated and installed with a screw, and one end of the screw runs through the chute The outer wall of the screw rod slides through the fixed splint, and the screw rod and the fixed splint are threaded; when working, before soil collection, the soil sample cylinder is placed on the top surface of the support platform, so that the inner ring of the soil sample cylinder and the compression chamber The inner ring coincides, the screw is rotated, and the fixed splint is driven to slide along the chute, so that the fixed splint contacts and squeezes the end face of the soil sample cylinder, and the soil sample cylinder is fixed and clamped. After the collection of the soil sample column inside the soil sample cylinder is completed, the The soil sample cylinder is taken out, and both ends of the soil sample cylinder are sealed, and at the same time, a new soil sample cylinder is replaced, so that it is convenient for the staff to replace the soil sample cylinder, and then it is convenient to collect soil samples of different soil layers.

Preferably, a tripod is arranged on the outside of the hollow rod at the top, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the tripod, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder slides through the top of the tripod, and the lower end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a Press seat, the bottom surface of the press seat is slidingly fitted with the top end of the hollow rod, the inside of the press seat is provided with a round hole, the lower end of the round hole communicates with the inner ring of the hollow rod, and the top end of the round hole communicates with the pipe Compression chamber; when working, after arranging the tripod to the sampling position, install a hollow rod threadedly on the top of the cover tube, and then fit the top of the hollow rod to the bottom surface of the pressure seat so that the inner ring of the hollow rod is connected to the circle. At the bottom of the hole, pipes are used to connect the top of the round hole with the compression chamber, and the drill bit drills downward. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hollow rod downward to push the cover tube downward, thereby improving the drilling efficiency of the drill bit; at the same time , using the hollow rod and the tripod to control the vertical degree of the drill bit drilling down, reducing the probability of the drill bit drifting when drilling.

Preferably, the inner wall of the bottom surface of the pressure seat is fixed with a plurality of annular sealing sheets, the inner ring of the annular sealing sheet is slidably matched with the top outer ring of the hollow rod, and a rubber ring is slidably installed on the inner ring of the hollow rod at the top , the bottom of the rubber ring is inlaid with a plurality of magnets; the bottom of the pressure seat and the top of the hollow rod are sealed through the provided annular sealing sheet, which improves the sealing performance, thereby improving the effectiveness of pulverized soil extraction; When the crushed soil enters the inside of the round hole through the hollow rod, the crushed soil will remain on the thread at the top of the hollow rod, affecting the connection and fixation between the hollow rods; through the magnetic force of the magnet, the rubber ring is fixed to the inner ring of the hollow rod, and the The threads on the inner ring of the hollow rod block the isolation, thereby reducing the chance of crushed soil remaining on the threads at the top of the hollow rod.

Preferably, the outer ring of the middle part of the main shaft is fixed with a fixed tube, and the outer ring of the fixed tube is evenly fixed with multiple groups of crushing knives, and the crushing knives of each group are distributed in a staggered manner, and both sides of the crushing knives are There are sawtooths; when working, the No. 1 motor drives the main shaft to rotate, and when the drill bit is driven to drill down, the main shaft drives the fixed cylinder to rotate, drives multiple groups of crushing knives to rotate, and further crushes the crushed soil, thereby reducing the large Soil clumps cause blockage of the channels, thereby improving the efficiency and fluency of soil suction collection.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the cover cylinder is provided with a plurality of notches, and the outer wall of the cover cylinder is surrounded by a plurality of air grooves, the air grooves correspond to the notches, and the lower ends of the air grooves are connected to the notches; Through the notches and air grooves, the air above the cover tube enters the bottom of the cover tube along the air grooves and notches, thereby improving the fluidity of the air at the bottom of the cover tube, and then improving the effectiveness of pulverized soil extraction; the opened air The groove reduces the contact area between the outer wall of the cover cylinder and the inside of the borehole, thereby reducing the suction force between the cover cylinder and the inner wall of the borehole, thereby improving the drilling efficiency.

Preferably, the top outer ring of the drill bit is evenly provided with a plurality of through grooves, and the top of the through grooves is inclined to the center of the main shaft; through the through grooves provided, the broken soil generated when the drill bit is drilled is moved along the direction of the through grooves. The middle part of the cover tube is gathered together, thereby improving the efficiency of soil entering into the inside of the cover tube and improving the efficiency of absorbing broken soil.

Preferably, an elastic ring is fixedly attached to the top outer ring of the cover tube, and the diameter of the elastic ring is larger than the diameter of the outer ring of the cover tube; after the cover tube enters the soil layer, the outer ring of the elastic ring is pressed When the cover tube moves downward, it drives the elastic ring to slide along the inner wall of the borehole, smoothing the inner wall of the borehole, reducing the probability of the inner wall of the borehole collapsing. The falling soil reduces the impact of falling soil on soil collection.

Preferably, both ends of the soil sample cylinder are screw-mounted with sealing covers, and the outer wall of the soil sample cylinder is provided with an operation plane, and the operation plane can be written on, and scales are provided on both sides of the operation plane. The middle part of the operation plane is evenly provided with a plurality of sampling holes, and the internal threads of the sampling holes are equipped with sealing plugs; during work, after the soil column sampling in the soil sample cylinder is completed, after the soil sample cylinder is taken out, the sealing cap is used to seal the The two ends of the soil sample cylinder are sealed, and the depth of the sampled soil layer is marked on the operation plane. When the follow-up staff needs to study, the sealing plug of the corresponding depth is taken out from the inside of the sampling hole, and the soil of the corresponding depth can be extracted. In this way, it is convenient for the research work of the staff, and at the same time, it does not affect the soil samples of other soil layers in the same soil sample cylinder.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1. A kind of ground multi-layer sampling system based on earthwork calculation according to the present invention, by setting cover tube, No. 1 motor, drill bit, hollow rod, soil sample cylinder, collecting seat, air pump, No. 2 motor, gear, Compression block, straight-toothed push rod and air-permeable filter plate; No. 1 motor drives the main shaft to rotate, drives the drill bit to drill downward, and drives the cover tube to penetrate deep into the soil layer. When drilling into the set fixed depth, the No. 1 motor stops rotating and drives the drill bit to stop drilling; at this time, the air pump pumps out the air inside the compression chamber to generate negative pressure, and the crushed soil at the bottom of the borehole is under negative pressure. The crushed soil is sucked into the compression chamber through the cover tube and the hollow rod. After the drill bit stops drilling, the air pump continues to pump air until no crushed soil enters the compression chamber. The No. 2 motor drives the gear to rotate and the drive meshes The straight-toothed push rod slides into the compression chamber, pushes the compression block to slide into the soil sample cylinder, pushes the crushed soil in the compression chamber into the soil sample cylinder, and compresses the crushed soil into a column; the drill bit is inserted into the soil layer by layer The drilled soil is compacted layer by layer in the soil sample cylinder to form a soil sample column of different soil layers, which reduces the probability of soil mixing of different soil layers and improves the accuracy of soil sampling.

2. A ground multi-layer sampling system based on earthwork calculation according to the present invention, by setting a tripod, a hydraulic cylinder and a press seat; after the tripod is arranged at the sampling position, a hollow rod is threadedly installed on the cover cylinder top, and then fit the top of the hollow rod to the bottom of the pressure seat, so that the inner ring of the hollow rod is connected to the bottom of the round hole, and the top of the round hole is connected to the compression chamber through a pipe, and the drill bit drills downward. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder moves toward the Push the hollow rod downwards to push the cover tube downwards, thereby improving the drilling efficiency of the drill bit; at the same time, the hollow rod and tripod are used to control the vertical degree of the drill bit when drilling downwards, reducing the deviation of the drill bit when drilling. probability of moving.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of embodiment one of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of A in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of place B in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view at C in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is an internal structure diagram of the cover tube in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 7 is an exploded view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a spur push rod in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the cover tube in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the drill bit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the crushing knife in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the perspective view of the soil sample cylinder in the second embodiment of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Cover cylinder; 2. Bracket; 3. Box body; 4. No. 1 motor; 5. Main shaft; 6. Drill bit; 7. Hollow rod; 8. Soil sample cylinder; 9. Base plate; 10. Collection seat ; 11, suction pump; 12, No. 2 motor; 13, gear; 14, compression block; 15, straight tooth push rod; 16, breathable filter plate; 17, compression cavity; , fixed splint; 21, screw rod; 22, tripod; 23, hydraulic cylinder; 24, pressure seat; 25, round hole; 26, annular sealing piece; 27, rubber ring; 28, magnet; Knife; 31, notch; 32, air groove; 33, through groove; 34, elastic ring piece; 35, sealing cover; 36, operation plane; 37, scale; 38, sampling hole; 39, sealing plug.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Embodiment one

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, a ground multi-layer sampling system based on earthwork calculation according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a cover tube 1, a bracket 2, a box body 3, No. 1 motor 4, main shaft 5, drill bit 6, hollow rod 7, soil sample cylinder 8 and extraction and compression assembly; the inside of the cover cylinder 1 is fixed with a bracket 2, and the outer edge of the bracket 2 is a hollow structure; the bracket The top surface of 2 is bolted with casing 3, and the inside of described casing 3 is fixedly connected with No. 1 motor 4, and the rotating shaft of described No. 1 motor 4 runs through casing 3 and support 2, and the rotating shaft of described No. 1 motor 4 A main shaft 5 is affixed to the lower end, a drill bit 6 is affixed to the lower end of the main shaft 5, a hollow rod 7 is threadedly mounted on the top of the cover tube 1, and the inner ring of the hollow rod 7 communicates with the inside of the cover tube 1, A plurality of hollow rods 7 are threaded head to tail, and the top pipe of the hollow rods 7 on the top is connected to the extraction compression assembly, and a soil sample cylinder 8 is installed inside the extraction compression assembly; when deep soil samples need to be collected, the sampling system After being arranged at the sampling position, the hollow rods 7 are connected sequentially through threads, and the hollow rods 7 are connected to the top of the cover tube 1, and the top of the hollow rods 7 is connected with the extraction compression assembly through a pipe, and the No. 1 motor 4 drives the main shaft 5 to rotate , drive the drill bit 6 to drill downward, and drive the cover tube 1 to go deep into the soil layer. When the drill bit 6 drills in, the soil at the bottom of the borehole is crushed. When the drill bit 6 drills into the set fixed depth, the No. 1 motor 4 stops Rotate to drive the drill bit 6 to stop drilling; at the same time, extract the negative pressure suction generated by the compression assembly, suck the crushed soil at the bottom of the drilled hole into the inside of the cover tube 1, and the crushed soil enters the cover tube 1 through the hollow part of the outer ring of the bracket 2 In the gap with the box body 3, since the diameter of the hollow part of the outer ring of the bracket 2 is much larger than the diameter of the crushed soil, the probability of clogging is effectively reduced; the crushed soil enters the extraction compression assembly through the hollow rod 7 , the pulverized soil is compressed into the inside of the soil sample cylinder 8; the drill bit 6 drills the soil layer by layer in the soil, and the drilled soil is compacted layer by layer in the soil sample cylinder 8 to form soil sample columns of different soil layers, reducing The probability of soil mixing of different soil layers is increased, and the accuracy of soil sampling is improved.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, the extraction and compression assembly includes a bottom plate 9, a collection base 10, an air pump 11, a second motor 12, a gear 13, a compression block 14, a straight-toothed push rod 15 and Air-permeable filter plate 16; the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate 9 is fixedly connected with a collection seat 10, and the middle part of the collection seat 10 is provided with a compression chamber 17, and one side of the collection seat 10 is equipped with a soil sample cylinder 8. The diameter of the inner ring of the soil sample cylinder 8 is the same as that of the compression chamber 17, and the inner ring of the soil sample cylinder 8 coincides with the inner ring of the compression chamber 17, and the bottom groove of the compression chamber 17 is fixed with a breathable filter plate 16. An air suction pump 11 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate 9, the air intake end of the air suction pump 11 communicates with the bottom groove of the compression chamber 17, and the top pipe of the compression chamber 17 communicates with the hollow rod 7. The inner ring, the other side of the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate 9 is fixedly connected with the No. 2 motor 12, the outer ring of the rotating shaft of the No. 2 motor 12 is fixedly connected with the gear 13, and the inside of the compression chamber 17 is slidingly installed with a compression block 14. A straight-toothed push rod 15 is fixedly connected to the side of the compression block 14 away from the soil sample cylinder 8, the bottom surface of the straight-toothed push rod 15 meshes with the gear 13, and the top of the straight-toothed push rod 15 is half Circular arc plate, the bottom of the straight-toothed push rod 15 is a straight plate, and the bottom of the straight plate is provided with a straight tooth groove; by setting the straight-toothed push rod 15 into a shape in which the top is a semicircular arc plate and the bottom is a straight plate, Not only can the compression block 14 be pushed to slide to compress the pulverized soil, but at the same time, the semicircular arc plate slides along the top of the compression chamber 17 to block the top of the compression chamber 17, reducing the crushed soil when the compression block 14 is compressed. fall, causing inaccurate collection of soil samples; when the compression block 14 was compressed, the compression block 14 pushed the top surface of the air filter plate 16 to slide and clean up, reducing the probability of soil blocking the air filter plate 16; during work, the drill bit 6 will The soil at the bottom of the borehole is crushed. At this time, the air pump 11 pumps out the air inside the compression chamber 17 to generate negative pressure. Under the negative pressure, the crushed soil at the bottom of the borehole passes through the cover tube 1 and the hollow rod 7 , is sucked into the inside of the compression chamber 17, after the drill bit 6 stops drilling, the air pump 11 continues to pump air until no crushed soil enters the compression chamber 17, the second motor 12 drives the gear 13 to rotate, and drives the straight teeth meshed with it The push rod 15 slides into the compression chamber 17, pushes the compression block 14 to slide into the soil sample cylinder 8, pushes the pulverized soil inside the compression chamber 17 into the soil sample cylinder 8, and compresses the pulverized soil into a columnar shape; The compression component compresses the crushed soil into a soil sample column, so that the sampled soil maintains the distribution of different soil layers, which is convenient for the staff to accurately study the different soil layers later.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 7, a support platform 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the collection seat 10 close to the soil sample cylinder 8, and the top surface of the support platform 18 is slidingly fitted with the outer wall of the soil sample cylinder 8 A chute 19 is provided in the middle of one side of the bottom plate 9 close to the soil sample cylinder 8, and a fixed splint 20 is slidably installed inside the chute 19, and the middle part of the fixed splint 20 slides with the end surface of the soil sample cylinder 8 Cooperate, the middle part of described chute 19 is rotatably provided with screw rod 21, and one end of described screw rod 21 runs through the outer wall of chute 19, and described screw rod 21 slides through fixed splint 20, and screw rod 21 and fixed splint 20 thread fit; Before soil collection, the soil sample tube 8 is placed on the top surface of the support platform 18, so that the inner ring of the soil sample tube 8 coincides with the inner ring of the compression chamber 17, and the screw 21 is rotated to drive the fixed splint 20 along the chute 19 Slide so that the fixed splint 20 contacts and squeezes the end face of the soil sample cylinder 8, and the soil sample cylinder 8 is fixedly clamped. After the collection of the soil sample column inside the soil sample cylinder 8 is completed, the soil sample cylinder 8 is taken out, and the soil sample cylinder 8 is taken out. Both ends of the cylinder 8 are sealed, and at the same time, a new soil sample cylinder 8 is replaced, so that it is convenient for the staff to replace the soil sample cylinder 8, and then it is convenient to collect soil samples of different soil layers.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, a tripod 22 is arranged on the outside of the hollow rod 7 at the top, and a hydraulic cylinder 23 is affixed to the top of the tripod 22, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 slides Through the top of the tripod 22, the lower end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixedly connected with a pressure seat 24, the bottom surface of the pressure seat 24 is slidingly fitted with the top of the hollow rod 7, and the inside of the pressure seat 24 is provided with a round hole 25, the low end of the circular hole 25 communicates with the inner ring of the hollow rod 7, and the top pipe of the circular hole 25 communicates with the compression chamber 17; when working, after the tripod 22 is arranged at the sampling position, a section of the hollow rod 7 Threaded installation to the top of the cover tube 1, and then fit the top of the hollow rod 7 to the bottom surface of the pressure seat 24, so that the inner ring of the hollow rod 7 communicates with the bottom of the round hole 25, and connects the top of the round hole 25 with the compression chamber using a pipeline 17. The drill bit 6 drills downwards, and at the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 23 pushes the hollow rod 7 downwards to apply a downward push to the cover tube 1, thereby improving the drilling efficiency of the drill bit 6; at the same time, the hollow rod 7 and the tripod 22 are used to , control the vertical degree of drill bit 6 drilling downwards, and reduce the probability of deviation when drill bit 6 drills.

As shown in Figure 5, the inner wall of the bottom surface of the pressure seat 24 is fixed with a plurality of annular sealing sheets 26, the inner ring of the annular sealing sheet 26 is slidingly fitted with the top outer ring of the hollow rod 7, and the hollow rod 7 at the top is A rubber ring 27 is slidably installed on the inner ring of the rubber ring 27, and a plurality of magnets 28 are inlaid on the bottom of the rubber ring 27; the ring-shaped sealing sheet 26 is provided to seal the bottom of the pressure seat 24 and the top of the hollow rod 7 to improve improved sealing, thereby improving the effectiveness of pulverized soil extraction; when the pulverized soil enters the inside of the round hole 25 through the hollow rod 7, the pulverized soil will remain on the thread at the top of the hollow rod 7, affecting the connection and fixation between the hollow rods 7 ; By the magnetic force of magnet 28, rubber ring 27 is fixed to the inner ring of hollow rod 7, and the screw thread of hollow rod 7 inner ring is blocked and isolated, thereby reducing the probability that pulverized soil remains at the screw thread place of hollow rod 7 tops.

As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 7 and Fig. 11, the middle outer ring of the main shaft 5 is affixed with a fixed cylinder 29, and the outer ring of the fixed cylinder 29 is evenly affixed with multiple groups of crushing knives 30, and each group of crushing knives The knives 30 are staggeredly distributed, and both sides of the crushing knives 30 are provided with sawtooth; when working, the No. 1 motor 4 drives the main shaft 5 to rotate; The set of crushing knives 30 rotates to further crush the crushed soil, thereby reducing the blockage of the channel caused by larger soil blocks, thereby improving the efficiency and smoothness of soil suction and collection.

As shown in Figure 9, the bottom surface of the cover cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of notches 31, and the outer wall of the cover cylinder 1 is surrounded by a plurality of air grooves 32, and the air grooves 32 correspond to the notches 31, and The lower end of the air groove 32 communicates with the notch 31; through the notch 31 and the air groove 32, the air above the cover cylinder 1 enters the bottom of the cover cylinder 1 along the air groove 32 and the notch 31, thereby improving the bottom of the cover cylinder 1. The fluidity of the air improves the effectiveness of pulverized soil extraction; the air groove 32 provided reduces the contact area between the outer wall of the cover tube 1 and the inside of the borehole, thereby reducing the distance between the cover tube 1 and the inner wall of the borehole. Between the suction, and then improve the efficiency of drilling.

As shown in Figure 10, the top outer ring of the drill bit 6 evenly offers a plurality of through grooves 33, and the top of the through grooves 33 is inclined to the center of the main shaft 5; The generated broken soil gathers toward the middle of the cover cylinder 1 along the through groove 33, thereby improving the efficiency of soil entering into the inside of the cover tube 1 and improving the efficiency of absorbing the broken soil.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 9, the top outer ring of the cover tube 1 is fixedly connected with an elastic ring piece 34, and the diameter of the elastic ring piece 34 is larger than the diameter of the outer ring of the cover tube 1; the cover tube 1 enters After the soil layer, the outer ring of the elastic ring 34 is blocked by the inner wall of the borehole, and is bent upwards. When the cover tube 1 moves downward, the elastic ring 34 is driven to slide along the inner wall of the borehole, and the inner wall of the borehole is smoothed. The probability of collapse of the inner wall of the borehole is reduced, and at the same time, the elastic ring piece 34 blocks the falling soil, reducing the impact of the falling soil on soil collection.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 12, Comparative Example 1, wherein another embodiment of the present invention is: both ends of the soil sample cylinder 8 are threaded with sealing caps 35, and the outer wall of the soil sample cylinder 8 is provided with an operating plane 36, and the operation plane 36 can write, both sides of the operation plane 36 are provided with scales 37, and the middle part of the operation plane 36 is uniformly provided with a plurality of sampling holes 38, and the internal threads of the sampling holes 38 are equipped with Sealing plug 39; During work, after the soil column sampling of soil sample tube 8 inside is finished, after soil sample tube 8 is taken out, use sealing cover 35 to seal the two ends of soil sample tube 8, the soil layer depth of sampling is marked On the operation plane 36, when the follow-up staff needs to study, the sealing plug 39 of the corresponding depth is taken out from the inside of the sampling hole 38, and the soil sample of the corresponding depth can be extracted, thereby facilitating the research work of the staff, and at the same time, It does not affect the soil samples of other soil layers in the same soil sample cylinder 8.

Working principle: Before soil collection, place the soil sample tube 8 on the top surface of the support platform 18, so that the inner ring of the soil sample tube 8 coincides with the inner ring of the compression chamber 17, turn the screw 21, and drive the fixed splint 20 along the slide The groove 19 slides, so that the fixed splint 20 contacts and squeezes the end face of the soil sample cylinder 8, and the soil sample cylinder 8 is fixedly clamped; after the tripod 22 is arranged at the sampling position, a hollow rod 7 is threadedly installed on the cover cylinder 1 top, and then fit the top of the hollow rod 7 with the bottom surface of the pressure seat 24, so that the inner ring of the hollow rod 7 communicates with the bottom of the circular hole 25, and the top of the circular hole 25 is connected with the compression chamber 17 using a pipeline; No. 1 motor 4 drives The main shaft 5 rotates, drives the drill bit 6 to drill downward, and drives the cover tube 1 to penetrate into the soil layer. When the drill bit 6 drills in, it crushes the soil at the bottom of the borehole. The knife 30 rotates to further crush the crushed soil; the hydraulic cylinder 23 pushes the hollow rod 7 downward to apply a downward push to the cover tube 1. After one hollow rod 7 extends into the ground, the next hollow rod 7 The rod 7 is connected and installed, thereby improving the efficiency of the drill bit 6 turning in;

The air pump 11 extracts the air inside the compression chamber 17 to generate negative pressure. Under the negative pressure, the crushed soil at the bottom of the borehole is sucked into the compression chamber 17 through the cover tube 1 and the hollow rod 7. After the drill bit 6 stops drilling, the air pump 11 continues to pump air until no pulverized soil enters the compression chamber 17, the second motor 12 drives the gear 13 to rotate, drives the straight tooth push rod 15 meshed with it to slide into the compression chamber 17, and pushes the The compression block 14 slides into the inside of the soil sample cylinder 8, pushes the crushed soil inside the compression chamber 17 into the inside of the soil sample cylinder 8, and compresses the crushed soil into a column shape, so that the sampled soil maintains the distribution of different soil layers, which is convenient for work Accurate research on different soil layers by personnel in the later stage.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. Ground multilayer sampling system based on earth volume calculates, its characterized in that: comprises a cover cylinder (1), a bracket (2), a box body (3), a first motor (4), a main shaft (5), a drill bit (6), a hollow rod (7), a soil sample cylinder (8) and an extraction compression assembly; a bracket (2) is fixedly connected inside the cover cylinder (1), and the outer edge of the bracket (2) is of a hollowed-out structure; the top surface bolt of support (2) has box (3), the inside rigid coupling of box (3) has motor (4) No. one, the pivot rotation of motor (4) runs through box (3) and support (2), the pivot lower extreme rigid coupling of motor (4) No. one has main shaft (5), the low end rigid coupling of main shaft (5) has drill bit (6), hollow rod (7) are installed to the top screw thread of cover section of thick bamboo (1), the inside of inner circle intercommunication cover section of thick bamboo (1) of hollow rod (7), a plurality of hollow rod (7) end to end threaded connection, top the top hollow rod (7) top pipeline intercommunication extraction compression subassembly, the internally mounted of extraction compression subassembly has soil sample section of thick bamboo (8).

2. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: the extraction compression assembly comprises a bottom plate (9), a collecting seat (10), an air pump (11), a second motor (12), a gear (13), a compression block (14), a straight-tooth push rod (15) and a ventilation filter plate (16); the utility model discloses a straight-tooth type push rod, including bottom plate (9), compression chamber (17) have been seted up at the top surface middle part rigid coupling of bottom plate (9), compression chamber (17) have been seted up at the middle part of collecting seat (10), soil sample section of thick bamboo (8) are installed to one side of collecting seat (10), the inner circle diameter of soil sample section of thick bamboo (8) is the same with the inner circle diameter of compression chamber (17), and the inner circle coincidence of inner circle and compression chamber (17) of soil sample section of thick bamboo (8), the bottom groove rigid coupling of compression chamber (17) has ventilative filter plate (16), top surface middle part one side rigid coupling of bottom plate (9) has aspiration pump (11), the bottom groove of compression chamber (17) is connected to the inlet end of aspiration pump (11), the top pipeline of compression chamber (17) communicates the inner circle of hollow rod (7), the top surface middle part opposite side rigid coupling of bottom plate (9) has motor No. 12, the pivot outer ring rigid coupling of No. motor (12) has gear (13), the inside slidable mounting of compression chamber (17) has compression block (14), the compression block (14) is kept away from the bottom groove (8) one side tooth (15), tooth (15) have straight-tooth plate (15) and straight-tooth plate (15) are straight-tooth bottom plate (15) and straight-tooth plate (15) is straight-tooth bottom plate, straight-tooth 15.

3. A ground multi-layer sampling system based on earth volume calculations as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the collecting seat (10) is close to one side bottom rigid coupling of soil sample section of thick bamboo (8) and has saddle (18), the top surface of saddle (18) and the outer wall sliding fit of soil sample section of thick bamboo (8), spout (19) have been seted up at one side middle part of being close to soil sample section of thick bamboo (8) of bottom plate (9), the inside slidable mounting of spout (19) has fixed splint (20), the middle part of fixed splint (20) and the terminal surface sliding fit of soil sample section of thick bamboo (8), screw rod (21) are installed in the middle part rotation of spout (19), the outer wall of spout (19) is run through to the one end of screw rod (21), screw rod (21) slip runs through fixed splint (20), and screw rod (21) and fixed splint (20) screw thread fit.

4. A ground multi-layer sampling system based on earth volume calculations as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the top the outside of hollow pole (7) is provided with tripod (22), the top rigid coupling of tripod (22) has pneumatic cylinder (23), the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder (23) slides and runs through the top of tripod (22), the piston rod lower extreme rigid coupling of pneumatic cylinder (23) has pressure seat (24), the bottom surface of pressure seat (24) and the top sliding fit of hollow pole (7), round hole (25) are seted up to the inside of pressure seat (24), the inner circle of hollow pole (7) is linked together to the low end of round hole (25), the top pipeline intercommunication compression chamber (17) of round hole (25).

5. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 4, wherein: the inner wall of the bottom surface of the pressing seat (24) is fixedly connected with a plurality of annular sealing sheets (26), the inner ring of the annular sealing sheets (26) is in sliding fit with the outer ring of the top end of the hollow rod (7), the rubber ring (27) is slidably arranged on the inner ring of the hollow rod (7) at the top, and a plurality of magnets (28) are embedded at the bottom of the rubber ring (27).

6. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: the middle part outer lane rigid coupling of main shaft (5) has fixed section of thick bamboo (29), the outer lane of fixed section of thick bamboo (29) evenly rigid coupling has multiunit crushing sword (30), every group crushing sword (30) are the staggered distribution, the both sides of crushing sword (30) all are provided with the sawtooth.

7. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of notches (31) are formed in the bottom surface of the cover cylinder (1), a plurality of air grooves (32) are formed in the outer wall of the cover cylinder (1) in a surrounding mode, the air grooves (32) correspond to the notches (31), and the lower ends of the air grooves (32) are communicated with the notches (31).

8. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: the top outer ring of the drill bit (6) is uniformly provided with a plurality of through grooves (33), and the top of each through groove (33) is obliquely arranged towards the center of the main shaft (5).

9. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: an elastic ring piece (34) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the top of the cover cylinder (1), and the diameter of the elastic ring piece (34) is larger than that of the outer ring of the cover cylinder (1).

10. The earth volume calculation-based ground multi-layer sampling system of claim 1, wherein: the soil sample tube is characterized in that sealing covers (35) are arranged at two ends of the soil sample tube (8) in a threaded mode, an operation plane (36) is arranged on the outer wall of the soil sample tube (8), the operation plane (36) can write, scales (37) are arranged on two sides of the operation plane (36), a plurality of sampling holes (38) are uniformly formed in the middle of the operation plane (36), and sealing plugs (39) are arranged in the internal threads of the sampling holes (38).

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