CN116066518A - 具有预减振器的扭转振动减振器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于在机动车的能围绕转动轴线Ad转动的驱动系中衰减扭转振动的扭转振动减振器(10),该扭转振动减振器具有初级质量(12)、相对于初级质量(12)克服第一弹簧装置(16)和第二弹簧装置(18)的相应作用受限地能相对于转动轴线Ad扭转的次级质量(14)。设有缓冲件(32),所述缓冲件与法兰部件(22)和侧盘片(24、26)相互有效连接以用于缓冲法兰部件(22)和侧盘片(24、26)之间的相对转动。由此降低次级质量14的台阶螺栓在法兰部件22上的碰撞能量并且降低、甚至避免噪音产生。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于在机动车的能围绕转动轴线Ad转动的驱动系中衰减扭转振动的扭转振动减振器,扭转振动减振器具有初级质量、克服第一弹簧装置和第二弹簧装置的相应作用受限地能相对于转动轴线Ad转动的次级质量,其中第一弹簧装置由安置在初级质量中沿关于转动轴线Ad的周向方向延伸且包括两个弧形弹簧的蓄能器元件以及由次级质量的沿径向伸出且以一自由角安置在弧形弹簧的端侧之间的法兰部件,并且其中第二弹簧装置包括安置在法兰部件和次级质量的布置在法兰部件轴向两侧的侧盘片之间且沿关于转动轴线Ad的周向方向分布的螺旋压缩弹簧以及由沿径向伸入弧形弹簧的端侧之间的侧盘片中的至少一个。
背景技术
在DE 10 2009 038 639 A1中描述一种用于机动车的混合动力驱动系的扭转振动减振器。扭转振动减振器应避免在经由电动机完成的电池充电过程期间尤其在机动车的内燃机的空转中齿部嘎嘎作响。为此,除了具有在圆周安置在初级质量中的两个弧形弹簧的第一弹簧装置以外,设有用作预减振器的第二弹簧装置,第二弹簧装置具有弹簧特征曲线的较小的斜率并且应在内燃机的空转中实现良好的扭转振动隔离。在此可能不利的是,尤其在发动机起动期间会有来自扭转振动减振器的区域中的干扰性噪音。因此持续地需要尤其在干扰性噪音发出方面改进或开发扭转振动减振器。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提出能够避免来自扭转振动减振器的噪音产生的措施。
该技术问题通过具有权利要求1的特征的扭转振动减振器实现。在能够分别单独地或组合地呈现本发明的方案的从属权利要求和下面的描述中给出本发明的优选的设计方案。
一种实施方式涉及用于在机动车的能围绕转动轴线Ad转动的驱动系中衰减扭转振动的扭转振动减振器,该扭转振动减振器具有初级质量、相对于初级质量克服第一弹簧装置和第二弹簧装置的相应作用能相对于转动轴线Ad受限扭转的次级质量,其中第一弹簧装置由安置在初级质量中在关于转动轴线Ad的周向方向上延伸且包括两个弧形弹簧的蓄能器元件以及由次级质量的沿径向伸出且以一自由角安置到弧形弹簧的端侧之间的法兰部件,并且其中,第二弹簧装置包括安置在法兰部件和次级质量的布置在法兰部件的轴向两侧的侧盘片之间且沿关于转动轴线Ad的周向方向分布的螺旋压缩弹簧以及由沿径向伸出到弧形弹簧的端侧之间的侧盘片中的至少一个。与法兰部件和侧盘片相互有效连接的缓冲件用于衰减法兰部件和侧盘片之间的相对扭转。
初级质量和经由蓄能器元件接连的次级质量形成双质量飞轮,借助双质量飞轮能衰减能通过驱动发动机运行引起的扭转振动。因为蓄能器元件能布置在相对大的半径上,双质量飞轮能为该扭转振动提供较高的减振作用。在双质量飞轮中在蓄能器元件的半径区域中设有基本上圆柱形的结构空间。该结构空间能称为弧形弹簧通道。次级质量、尤其能切向地碰撞在蓄能器元件上的输出法兰能在径向方向上具有弯曲的走向。能够在扭转振动减振器的从初级质量指离的、尤其变速器侧的轴向侧上设置基本上倾斜的、例如V形的走向,使得扭转振动减振器在径向外部比在径向内部能具有显著更大的轴向延伸。
初级质量能构造成用于导入扭矩,其中初级质量尤其构造成飞轮能与机动车发动机的曲轴连接。次级质量能实施成将扭矩导出或继续传导到机动车变速器上。因此扭转振动减振器能在驱动系中布置在机动车发动机和机动车变速器之间,其中优选是手动变速器,手动变速器能在输入侧包括离合器组件以根据需要切换或中断力流。
第一弹簧装置的弧形弹簧在内燃机运转期间驱动侧盘片,这能包括起动过程、空转情况或负载状态。由此会引起在第二弹簧装置的工作范围或工作角之内在初级质量和次级质量之间的相对运动。为此第二弹簧装置的工作范围在此处于法兰部件的自由角之内。在该工作范围之内通过弧形弹簧没有直接地加载次级质量的法兰部件。只有弧形弹簧相对于法兰部件已经超过或转过自由角时,第一弹簧装置经由弧形弹簧起作用。如果法兰部件处于自由角下,第二弹簧装置处于其最大工作角下。
如果弧形弹簧在自由角下碰到法兰部件,弧形弹簧基于法兰部件和在力流中紧随的构件、例如变速器的质量而制动。但是由于侧盘片的惯性,侧盘片继续相对于法兰部件扭转并且还进一步地压缩第二弹簧装置的螺旋压缩弹簧。为了第二弹簧装置的螺旋压缩弹簧不被压缩到底并且由此可能被损坏,在法兰部件中设置优选周向定向且位于一轴向平面中的长孔并且在该长孔中置入侧盘片的台阶螺栓,以借此确保侧盘片相对于法兰部件的转角限制。转角限制应确保螺旋压缩弹簧不会被压缩到底或压缩成块。而是先前转角限制经由台阶螺栓碰撞在相应长孔的其中一个端部上起作用。
在所述实施方式中,设置至少一个与法兰部件和侧盘片相互有效连接的缓冲件,其布置在法兰部件和侧盘片之间以缓冲相对转动。经由缓冲件避免台阶螺栓直接碰撞在相应长孔的端部上并且至少显著地减少、甚至消除由该碰撞引起的干扰性噪音。
在优选的设计方案中,至少一个缓冲件在轴向平面中布置在长孔之内。由此在任何情况下确保缓冲件起作用,因为需要避免的在台阶螺栓和长孔的一端部之间的碰撞或接触必然发生在长孔、以及轴向平面中。
在具体的且优选的设计方案中能设置成,至少一个缓冲件环形地包围台阶螺栓地布置。在此有利的是,能简单地安装缓冲件。例如能想到的是,长孔的径向宽度能被保持并且缓冲件的外圆周能为椭圆形,使得缓冲件能定位在台阶螺栓和长孔的相应壁部之间。
在替代优选的设计方案中能设置成,至少一个缓冲件两件式地安置在长孔的沿周向方向相反的限位面上。在此缓冲件适宜地由两个半环形的半部构成,其中半环中的每一个配合到长孔的端侧的限位面中。为了两件式缓冲件的更好的配合优选能设置成,在限位面的区域中相对于平均走向在径向方向上加宽长孔。
在替代优选的设计方案中,至少一个缓冲件能容纳在其中一个螺旋压缩弹簧之内。在此有利的是,缓冲件在任何情况下防丢失地被保持,即被螺旋压缩弹簧的匝包围。在冗余的设计方案中优选地设置成,螺旋压缩弹簧的主体长度在压缩下小于缓冲件在松弛状态中的总长度。由此有效地确保,缓冲件在运行中在螺旋压缩弹簧压缩成块之前做出响应,螺旋压缩弹簧压缩成块会对其造成损害。
在一般性优选的设计方案中设有两个对向相对布置的缓冲件。
附图说明
下面根据优选实施例参考附图示例性地描述本发明,其中下面示出的特征能分别单独地以及组合地呈现本发明的方案。其中示出:
图1、图2示出了扭转振动减振器的在两个圆周位置中的轴向截面;
图3示出了扭转振动减振器的次级质量的局部透视图;
图4至图9示出了具有不同设计方案的缓冲件的次级质量在分别两个扭转状态中的局部。
具体实施方式
首先共同地描述图1至图3。在有意义的情况下给出对各个附图的明确指代。图1和图2示出了扭转振动减振器10在两个不同的周向位置中的相应轴向截面。图3示出了扭转振动减振器10的次级质量14的局部立体图。
在图1至图2中用于机动车的驱动系的双质量飞轮上的扭转振动减振器10具有初级质量12,次级质量14经由第一弹簧装置16和第二弹簧装置18能受限扭转地与初级质量12耦联。扭转振动减振器10本身的转动以及初级质量12和次级质量14相对彼此受限的相对扭转围绕转动轴线Ad进行。初级质量12具有径向伸延的飞轮13,管状的覆盖部40在轴向方向上从飞轮13突出并且在径向外部覆盖弹簧装置16、18和次级质量14。在示出的实施例中次级质量14还具有输出套筒42,经由输出套筒能输出被衰减振动的扭矩。还设有罩盖元件44,罩盖元件在径向外部区域中从一轴向侧遮盖弹簧装置16、18并且沿径向向内密封,使得形成用于容纳润滑剂的密封空间。第一弹簧装置16包括两个弧形弹簧20,弧形弹簧在关于转动轴线Ad的周向方向上在初级质量12、覆盖部40和罩盖元件44之内在径向外部的区域中保持在基本上圆柱形且称为弹簧通道的结构空间中。
次级质量14多件式地构造并且基本上包括一法兰部件22、布置在法兰部件22的轴向两侧的两个侧盘片24、26和第二弹簧装置18。法兰部件22沿径向并且关于转动轴线Ad以一自由角伸出到弧形弹簧20的端侧30之间。这在图1中以虚线示出。通过沿径向伸到弧形弹簧20的端侧30之间的法兰部件22在结构上形成第一弹簧装置16。法兰部件22和弧形弹簧20以一自由角布置在功能方面意味着,从中间位置开始,初级质量12和安置在其中的弧形弹簧20首先能以分别可用的自由角值自由转动并且在转动该自由角值之后贴靠在其中一个弧形弹簧30上并且在继续转动、即超过自由角值时经受相应的弧形弹簧30的加载,使得第一弹簧装置16自此时才起作用。
第二弹簧装置18在结构方面包括法兰部件22,、两个侧盘片24、26和沿关于转动轴线Ad的周向方向分布的多个螺旋压缩弹簧28,螺旋压缩弹簧安置到法兰部件22的圆周定向且位于一轴向端部中的第一长孔34中。这尤其能从图1和图3中看出。与法兰部件22的其中安置有螺旋压缩弹簧28的长孔35对应地并且在相同的径向和圆周位置中,两个侧盘片24、26形成开口凹部46。螺旋压缩弹簧28的直径大于法兰部件的轴向宽度,使得螺旋压缩弹簧28沿轴向从长孔34中伸出并且也安置在侧盘片24、26的开口凹部46中。在功能方面这意味着在法兰部件22和两个侧盘片24、26之间相对转动时加载螺旋压缩弹簧28,即克服螺旋压缩弹簧28的弹簧力进行这种相对转动。对于第二弹簧装置18的功能优选在相关构件之间没有自由角,使得所述相对转动直接地引起对螺旋压缩弹簧28的加载并且引起相应的复位力。
图2和图3示出了关于第二弹簧装置18,法兰部件22形成圆周定向且位于轴向平面中的第二长孔35。在长孔35中置入侧盘片24、26的台阶螺栓36或伸入穿过,以产生侧盘片24、26相对于法兰部件22的转角限制。设置成,在法兰部件22相对于侧盘片24、26相对转动时,在螺旋压缩弹簧28被压缩成块之前该转角限制其作用。此外在第二弹簧装置18中在结构方面设置成,使得该第二弹簧装置以侧盘片24、25中的至少一个、在此侧盘片26沿径向伸出到弧形弹簧20的端侧30之间。在此没有自由角,因此在初级质量12和次级质量14之间相对转动时直接地通过弧形弹簧30加载侧盘片26。
根据图4至图9如下描述,至少一个与法兰部件22和侧盘片24、26相互有效连接的缓冲件32用于缓冲法兰部件22和侧盘片24、26之间的相对转动。缓冲件32在任何情况下布置在第一长孔34或第二长孔35的其中一个之内的轴向平面中。
在图4中侧盘片26被部分地切下,使得能看见位于其下的法兰部件22。法兰部件22和侧盘片24、26位于彼此旋转中间位置中。还能看出长孔34以及容纳在其中的螺旋压缩弹簧28和长孔35和穿过的台阶螺栓36。在此示出了缓冲件32,其中缓冲件环形地包围台阶螺栓36地布置。还能够设置具有缓冲件32的其他类型的台阶螺栓36,但是在此没有单独地示出。
在图5中在法兰部件22和侧盘片24、26相对彼此的扭转位置中示出了图4所示的布置。在此能看出,第二弹簧装置18的工作区域位于法兰部件22的自由角之内。侧盘片24、26能以自由角的数值相对扭转,由此法兰部件22以及侧盘片24、26的沿径向向外指向的区段、在此在图5中上部以其两个用于弧形弹簧20的径向贴靠面位于相等的圆周位置中。在该扭转状态中环形地包围其中一个台阶螺栓36的缓冲件32贴靠在长孔35的其中一个端侧限位面38上,使得借此对台阶螺栓36在长孔35的端部上碰撞的缓冲并且至少显著地降低、甚至中断噪音产生。
图6示出了缓冲件32的替代布置。缓冲件32设计为两件式地并且安置在长孔35的沿周向方向相反的限位面38上。因此缓冲件32位置固定地布置在法兰部件22上。长孔35在限位面38的区域中相对于平均走向在径向方向上加宽。
在图7中在法兰部件22和侧盘片24、26相对彼此的扭转位置中示出了图6的布置。参考对图5的描述。
图8示出了缓冲件32的另一替代布置。缓冲件32容纳在其中一个螺旋压缩弹簧28之内。螺旋压缩弹簧28的主体长度在压缩时小于缓冲件32在松弛状态中的总长度。
在图9中在法兰部件22和侧盘片24、26相对彼此的扭转位置中示出了图8的布置。参考对图5的描述。
附图标记列表
10 扭转振动减振器
12 初级质量
13 飞轮
14 次级质量
16 弹簧装置
18 弹簧装置
20 弧形弹簧
22 法兰部件
24 侧盘片
26 侧盘片
28 螺旋压缩弹簧
30 端侧
32 缓冲件
34 长孔
35 长孔
36 台阶螺栓
38 限位面
40 覆盖部
42 输出套筒
44 罩盖元件
46 开口凹部
Claims (9)
1.用于在机动车的能围绕转动轴线Ad转动的驱动系中衰减扭转振动的扭转振动减振器(10),所述扭转振动减振器具有:
初级质量(12),
次级质量(14),其相对于所述初级质量(12)克服第一弹簧装置(16)的和第二弹簧装置(18)的相应作用能相对于所述转动轴线Ad受限地扭转,
其中,所述第一弹簧装置(16)包括两个弧形弹簧(20)和所述次级质量(14)的法兰部件(22),所述弧形弹簧(20)安置在所述初级质量(12)中关于所述转动轴线Ad在周向方向上延伸,所述法兰部件(22)沿径向伸出且以一自由角安置到所述弧形弹簧(20)的端侧之间,并且
其中,所述第二弹簧装置(18)包括螺旋压缩弹簧(28)以及至少一个侧盘片(24、26),所述螺旋压缩弹簧(28)安置在所述法兰部件(22)和所述次级质量(14)的布置在所述法兰部件(22)的轴向两侧的侧盘片(24、26)之间、且沿所述转动轴线Ad的周向方向分布,所述侧盘片(24、26)沿径向伸出到所述弧形弹簧(20)的端侧(30)之间,
其特征在于,
设有至少一个与所述法兰部件(22)和所述侧盘片(24、26)相互有效连接的缓冲件(32),用于缓冲所述法兰部件(22)和所述侧盘片(24、26)之间的相对转动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的扭转振动减振器(10),其特征在于,所述第二弹簧装置(18)的工作范围处于所述法兰部件(22)的自由角之内。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的扭转振动减振器(10),其特征在于,所述侧盘片(24、26)具有安置在所述法兰部件(22)的圆周方向上且位于轴向平面中的长孔(35)中的台阶螺栓(36),通过所述台阶螺栓(36)设置所述侧盘片(24、26)相对于所述法兰部件(22)的转角限制,其中,所述至少一个缓冲件(32)在所述轴向平面中布置在所述长孔(35)内。
4.根据权利要求3所述的扭转振动减振器(10),其特征在于,所述至少一个缓冲件(32)环形地包围所述台阶螺栓(36)地布置。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的扭转振动减振器(10),其特征在于,所述至少一个缓冲件(32)两件式地安置在所述长孔(35)的沿周向方向相反的限位面(38)上。
6.根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的扭转振动减振器(10),其特征在于,在所述限位面(38)的区域中相对于平均走向在径向方向上加宽所述长孔(35)。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的扭转振动减振器(10),其特征在于,所述至少一个缓冲件(32)被容纳在其中一个螺旋压缩弹簧(28)之内。
8.根据权利要求7所述的扭转振动减振器(10),其特征在于,所述螺旋压缩弹簧(28)的主体长度在压缩下小于所述缓冲件(32)在松弛状态中的总长度。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的扭转振动减振器(10),其特征在于,设有两个对向相对布置的缓冲件。
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