CN116039182A - 一种玻璃纤维复合毡及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种玻璃纤维复合毡及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116039182A
CN116039182A CN202211104190.2A CN202211104190A CN116039182A CN 116039182 A CN116039182 A CN 116039182A CN 202211104190 A CN202211104190 A CN 202211104190A CN 116039182 A CN116039182 A CN 116039182A
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glass fiber
antistatic
layer
fiber composite
composite felt
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孙全收
史建军
贾春林
骆军
刘亮
马晓琴
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Changzhou Zhongjie Composites Co ltd
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Changzhou Zhongjie Composites Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及玻璃纤维制品领域，具体涉及一种抗静电玻璃纤维复合毡及其制备方法。本发明通过粘结剂将短切纤维和非织造布层复合在一起，无需经过缝编成毡的过程，因此，本发明提供的玻璃纤维复合毡表面平整，无缝合痕迹。同时，本发明所述的粘结‑抗静电层中包含有抗静电材料，因此，得到的玻璃纤维复合毡也具有良好的抗静电性能。另外，在制备玻璃钢制品时，只需要将玻璃纤维复合毡和树脂混合，挤出。由于抗静电材料直接复合于玻璃纤维复合毡中，因此，与树脂复合过程中，并不会增加树脂的粘度，降低玻璃纤维的浸透性，因此，本发明提供的玻璃纤维复合毡与树脂的结合强度也较高。

Description

一种玻璃纤维复合毡及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃纤维制品领域，具体涉及一种玻璃纤维复合毡及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，玻璃纤维针织毡作为玻璃钢的增强材料，应用范围越来越广泛，各种成型工艺不断交叉、相互渗透，玻璃钢制品层出不穷，随着产品应用越来越多，对于玻璃钢制品的表观质量要求也越来越高。
然而，目前，玻璃纤维针织毡是由玻璃纤维无捻纤维粗纱短切成一定长度后，均匀平铺，然后用有机纤维缝编成毡，缝编成毡的玻璃纤维针织毡的表面都会留下织物的缝合痕迹，当玻璃纤维针织毡用于玻璃钢制品的生产时，由于其自身的缝合痕迹也会影响玻璃钢制品表面的平整度。同时，由于对玻璃钢制品的质量要求也越来越高，具有抗静电功能的玻璃钢制品应运而生，然而，目前，具有抗静电玻璃钢制品的制造主要采用将抗静电材料、树脂和增强材料(玻璃纤维针织毡)混合后，挤出，从而得到抗静电的玻璃钢制品，然而，由于抗静电材料的加入会增加树脂的粘度及改变树脂的贮存稳定性，降低增强材料(玻璃纤维针织毡)的浸透性，从而降低增强材料与树脂的结合强度。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种玻璃纤维复合毡及其制备方法，本发明提供的的玻璃纤维复合毡的平整度良好，且本发明提供的玻璃纤维复合毡具有良好的抗静电效果。
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种玻璃纤维复合毡，所述玻璃纤维复合毡包括依次层叠设置的短切纤维层、粘结-抗静电层和非织造布层；所述粘结-抗静电层的组分包括粘结剂和抗静电材料。
优选地，所述短切纤维层中的短切纤维的长度为50～100mm，直径为9～24μm。
优选地，所述粘结剂包括EVA热熔粉和/或聚酯粘结剂；所述粘结剂的质量为短切纤维层中短切纤维质量的1～10％。
优选地，所述抗静电材料包括EVA抗静电粉末、银铜粉和铝银粉中的一种或多种；所述抗静电材料的质量为短切纤维质量的5～15％。
本发明还提供了一种玻璃纤维复合毡的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将玻璃纤维无捻粗纱短切沉降，得到短切纤维层；
将粘结剂撒粉和抗静电材料撒粉至短切纤维层表面，进行加热，得到粘结-抗静电层；
将非织造布层铺覆至所述粘结-抗静电层，加压复合，得到所述玻璃纤维复合毡。
优选地，加压复合后，还包括进行冷却。
优选地，所述加热的温度为120～150℃。
优选地，所述加压复合的压力为0.1～0.15Mpa。
优选地，所述粘结剂的撒粉密度为10～50g/m2。
优选地，所述抗静电材料的撒粉密度为40～100g/m2。
本发明提供了一种玻璃纤维复合毡，所述玻璃纤维复合毡包括依次层叠设置的短切纤维层、粘结-抗静电层和非织造布层；所述粘结-抗静电层的组分包括粘结剂和抗静电材料。本发明通过粘结剂将短切纤维和非织造布层复合在一起，无需经过缝编成毡的过程，因此，本发明提供的玻璃纤维复合毡表面平整，无缝合痕迹。同时，本发明所述的粘结-抗静电层中包含有抗静电材料，因此，得到的玻璃纤维复合毡也具有良好的抗静电性能。
另外，在制备玻璃钢制品时，只需要将玻璃纤维复合毡和树脂混合，挤出。由于抗静电材料直接复合于玻璃纤维复合毡中，因此，与树脂复合过程中，并不会增加树脂的粘度，降低玻璃纤维的浸透性，因此，本发明提供的玻璃纤维复合毡与树脂的结合强度也较高。
附图说明
图1为市售针织毡和本发明实施例3制备得到的玻璃纤维复合毡图片。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种玻璃纤维复合毡，所述玻璃纤维复合毡包括依次层叠设置的短切纤维层、粘结-抗静电层和非织造布层；
所述粘结-抗静电层的组分包括粘结剂和抗静电材料。
在本发明中，所述短切纤维层中短切纤维的长度优选为50～100mm，更优选为50mm或100mm。在本发明中，所述短切纤维的直径优选为9～24μm，更优选为10～20μm。
在本发明中，所述非织造布层的材质优选包括PET纤维、碳纤维表面毡或丙纶中的一种或多种，更优选为碳纤维表面毡及PET纤维。在本发明中，所述非织造布层中非织造布的克重优选为20～60g/m2，更优选为30～50g/m2。
在本发明中，所述粘结剂优选EVA热熔粉和/或聚酯粘结剂，更优选为EVA热熔粉。在本发明中，所述EVA热熔粉的粒径优选为40～80目，更优选为60～70目。在本发明中，所述粘结剂的质量优选为短切纤维层中短切纤维质量的1～10％，更优选为3～8％。
在本发明中，所述抗静电材料优选包括EVA抗静电粉末、银铜粉和铝银粉中的一种或多种，更优选为EVA抗静电粉末。在本发明中，所述抗静电材料的质量优选为短切纤维质量的5～15％，更优选为7～12％。
本发明还提供了上述所述玻璃纤维复合毡的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将玻璃纤维无捻粗纱短切沉降，得到短切纤维层；
将粘结剂撒粉和抗静电材料撒粉至短切纤维层表面，进行加热，得到粘结-抗静电层；
将非织造布层铺覆至所述粘结-抗静电层，加压复合，得到所述玻璃纤维复合毡。
本发明将玻璃纤维无捻粗纱短切沉降，得到短切纤维层。
在本发明中，所述玻璃纤维无捻粗纱的线密度优选为采用2400tex或4800tex。在本发明中，所述玻璃纤维无捻粗纱优选为4分束纱或8分束纱。在本发明中，所述玻璃纤维无捻粗纱的克重优选为300～450g/m2，更优选为300g/m2或450g/m2。在本发明中，所述短切沉降优选在沉降室进行。
得到短切纤维层后，本发明将粘结剂撒粉和抗静电材料撒粉至短切纤维层表面，进行加热，得到粘结-抗静电层。
在本发明中，所述加热的温度优选为120～150℃，更优选为130～140℃，时间优选为1～10min，更优选为3～5min。在本发明中，所述加热优选在烘箱中进行。在本发明中，所述加热能够使得粘结剂熔融，同时，熔融的粘结剂在后续加压的过程中能够将抗静电材料进行包覆，得到粘结-抗静电层。
在本发明中，所述粘结剂的撒粉密度优选为10～50g/m2，更优选为20～40g/m2。在本发明中，所述抗静电材料的撒粉密度优选为40～100g/m2，更优选为45～80g/m2。
本发明将非织造布层铺覆至所述粘结-抗静电层，加压复合，得到所述玻璃纤维复合毡。
本发明中，所述加压复合的压力优选为0.1～0.15Mpa，更优选为0.11～0.13Mpa；时间优选为1～5min，更优选为2～3min。在本发明中，所述加压复合优选通过压力辊进行辊压。
在本发明中，所述加压复合后，优选还包括依次进行冷却。
在本发明中，所述冷却优选冷却至室温即可。在本发明中，冷却所得玻璃纤维复合毡可按照需要进行分切和收卷。在本发明中，对所述分切和收卷不作具体限定，采用本领域技术人员熟知的操作即可。
下面将结合本发明中的实施例，对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
(1)开启设备，设定生产线车速为600Rev/min，线密度为2400TEX的4分束玻璃纤维无捻粗纱经过短切辊短切成50mm，并进行自由沉降到沉降室的输送带上，单位面积克重控制在300g/m2；
(2)撒粉：利用振动筛将EVA热熔粉(60～70目)及抗静电材料EVA抗静电粉末均匀撒至短切纤维上，EVA热熔粉的撒粉密度为25g/m2，抗静电材料(EVA抗静电粉末)的撒粉密度为45g/m2，然后输送至烘箱中；
(3)加温：烘箱温度设置为135℃。将EVA热熔粉进行加热熔融；
(4)非织造布铺覆：在烘箱出口将非织造布(材质为PET纤维，克重为30g/m2)，从短切纱层上方经过张力辊与短切纤维层进行复合；
(5)压辊加压：在烘箱出口处设置连续压力辊，将非织造布与短切纤维层复合后直接进入压紧辊(压力为0.1Mpa)进行压实；
(6)冷却：经过连续压力辊的辊压及自然冷却，短切纤维层与非织造布层紧密结合在一起；
(7)分切收卷：复合毡经过导向辊进入分切辊，根据客户需求分切成一定宽幅进行收卷包装，得到所述玻璃纤维复合毡。
实施例2
(1)开启设备，设定生产线车速为550Rev/min，线密度为2400TEX的8分束玻璃纤维无捻粗纱一半纱束经过前道短切辊短切成50mm，另一半无捻粗纱纱束经过后道短切辊短切成100mm，并分别进行自由沉降到沉降室的输送带上，单位面积克重控制在450g/m2；
(2)撒粉：利用振动筛将EVA热熔粉(60～70目)及抗静电材料银铜粉均匀撒至短切纤维上，EVA热熔粉的撒粉密度为40g/m2，抗静电材料(银铜粉)的撒粉密度为55g/m2，然后输送至烘箱中；
(3)加温：烘箱温度设置为130℃。将EVA热熔粉进行加热熔融；
(4)非织造布铺覆：在烘箱出口将非织造布(材质为碳纤维表面毡，克重为30g/m2，)从短切纱层上方经过张力辊与短切纤维层进行复合；
(5)压辊加压：在烘箱出口处设置连续压力辊，将非织造布与短切纤维层复合后直接进入压紧辊(压力为0.1Mpa)进行压实；
(6)冷却：经过连续压力辊的辊压及自然冷却，短切纤维层与非织造布层紧密结合在一起；
(7)分切收卷：复合毡经过导向辊进入分切辊，根据客户需求分切成一定宽幅进行收卷包装，得到所述玻璃纤维复合毡。
实施例3
(1)开启设备，设定生产线车速为400Rev/min，线密度为2400TEX的8分束玻璃纤维无捻粗纱一半纱束经过前道短切辊短切成50mm，另一半无捻粗纱纱束经过后道短切辊短切成100mm，并分别进行自由沉降到沉降室的输送带上，单位面积克重控制在450g/m2；
(2)撒粉：利用振动筛将EVA热熔粉(60～70目)及抗静电材料铝银粉均匀撒至短切纤维上，EVA热熔粉的撒粉密度为40g/m2，抗静电材料(铝银粉)的撒粉密度为45g/m2，然后输送至烘箱中；
(3)加温：烘箱温度设置为140℃。将EVA热熔粉进行加热熔融；
(4)非织造布铺覆：在烘箱出口将非织造布(材质为碳纤维表面毡，克重为45g/m2，)从短切纱层上方经过张力辊与短切纤维层进行复合；
(5)压辊加压：在烘箱出口处设置连续压力辊，将非织造布与短切纤维层复合后直接进入压紧辊(压力为0.1Mpa)进行压实；
(6)冷却：经过连续压力辊的辊压及自然冷却，短切纤维层与非织造布层紧密结合在一起；
(7)分切收卷：复合毡经过导向辊进入分切辊，根据客户需求分切成一定宽幅进行收卷包装，得到所述玻璃纤维复合毡。
图1为市售针织毡和本发明实施例3制备得到的玻璃纤维复合毡进行了对比，对比图片见图1，由图1可知，本发明制备得到的玻璃纤维复合毡无缝合痕迹且十分平整。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进，这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种玻璃纤维复合毡，其特征在于，所述玻璃纤维复合毡包括依次层叠设置的短切纤维层、粘结-抗静电层和非织造布层；
所述粘结-抗静电层的组分包括粘结剂和抗静电材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃纤维复合毡，其特征在于，所述短切纤维层中的短切纤维的长度为50～100mm，直径为9～24μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃纤维复合毡，其特征在于，所述粘结剂包括EVA热熔粉和/或聚酯粘结剂；所述粘结剂的质量为短切纤维层中短切纤维质量的1～10％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃纤维复合毡，所述抗静电材料包括EVA抗静电粉末、银铜粉和铝银粉中的一种或多种；所述抗静电材料的质量为短切纤维质量的5～15％。
5.一种玻璃纤维复合毡的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将玻璃纤维无捻粗纱短切沉降，得到短切纤维层；
将粘结剂撒粉和抗静电材料撒粉至短切纤维层表面，进行加热，得到粘结-抗静电层；
将非织造布层铺覆至所述粘结-抗静电层，加压复合，得到所述玻璃纤维复合毡。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，加压复合后，还包括进行冷却。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述加热的温度为120～150℃。
8.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述加压复合的压力为0.1～0.15Mpa。
9.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述粘结剂的撒粉密度为10～50g/m2。
10.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述抗静电材料的撒粉密度为40～100g/m2。
CN202211104190.2A 2022-09-09 2022-09-09 一种玻璃纤维复合毡及其制备方法 Pending CN116039182A (zh)

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